21. Stream Releaf Tables iowa State University extension service. January 1996. Stewards of Our Streams Riparian Buffer $15/copy/Also available from PA coop. ext. service http://www.dep.state.pa.us/hosting/streamreleaf/tables.htm

Table 5. Annotated List of References and Sources of More Information Reference/Author/Content Format Audience Contact/Cost Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay. January 1996. Riparian Forest Buffers. Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay 1-800-662-CRIS. White Paper GP ACB 1-800-662-CRIS Alliance for the Chesapeake Bay. 1997. Wetland and Riparian Stewardship in Pennsylvania, A guide to Voluntary Options for Landowners, Local Governments and Organizations. Harrisburg, PA. 334 page booklet L; M; W, S, C, E Groups ACB $1/copy Bouquet River Association, The. How to Hold Up Banks: Using All The Assessts. A stream erosion control Booklet. Box 217, Elizabethtown, NY 12932. 518-873-3688. GP Brandywine Conservancy. 1995. Environmental Management Handbook. Chadds Ford, PA M Casco Bay Estuary Project. BMPs: Cost-effective Solutions to Protect Maine’s Water Quality. 1995. 312 Canco Road, Portland, ME 04103. 207-828-1043. M; D, REA; W, S, C, E Groups Manual M, D, REA; NRMP Center for Watershed Protection 8737 Colesville Rd., Suite L-105 Silver Spring, MD 20910

22. POMF 2806 Page GOV PAYROLL OFFICE NUMBER 12050301 USDA coop ext. service ALABAMA C/O THOMAS iowa STATE BILL BOGUE 315 BEARDSHEAR HALL iowa STATE UNIVERSITY AMES IA http://webwtc.opm.gov/raft/html/pomf2806.shtml

New User About the Agency What's New Quick Index ... Career Opportunities Payroll Office Contacts for Retirement Inquiries To locate a specific item, select EDIT from the menu bar, then select FIND (on this page). In the prompt box, type the agency name, payroll office number, or other item. Each time you click "Find Next," you will get the next word on the page that matches your FIND entry. Return to Government Payroll Contacts NAVAL AIR STATION LEMOORE, CA 93246-0000 TELEPHONE (559) 998-3331

23. POMF Summary Page iowa STATE BILL BOGUE 315 BEARDSHEAR HALL iowa STATE UNIVERSITY AMES IA EDU PAYROLL OFFICE NUMBER 12050325 USDA coop ext service MISSOURI ATTN TAMMY http://webwtc.opm.gov/raft/html/pomf2811.shtml

New User About the Agency What's New Quick Index ... Career Opportunities Payroll Office Contacts for Insurance Inquiries To locate a specific item, select EDIT from the menu bar, then select FIND (on this page). In the prompt box, type the agency name, payroll office number, or other item. Each time you click "Find Next," you will get the next word on the page that matches your FIND entry. Return to Governme nt Payroll Contacts Return to Government Payroll Contac ts Page updated: Office of Personnel Management Site Index A-Z A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z TTY (202) 606-2532 Contact Us Forms FAQ's

24. Improved Lighting In Dairy Barns Funding UW coop. ext. service. cooperators UW Biological Systems Engring.; U. of Minnesota; U. of Illinois; iowa State U.; MidWest Plan service http://bse.wisc.edu/Updates_121203_012104/AnnualSum2004/Anul_Summ_Extension_04/E

Dairy Production and Profitability (Back to Dairy Production Section) (Back to Annual Summary, 200 B.J. Holmes*, D.R. Reinemann, D.W. Kammel, K.G. Josefsson Funding: UW Coop. Ext. Service Cooperators: UW Biological Systems Engring.; UW Healthy Farmers, Healthy Profits Project; UW Dairy Sci.; UW Ctr. for Dairy Profitability; U. of Minnesota; U. of Illinois; Iowa State U.; MidWest Plan Service Increasing profitability on dairy farms requires proper selection of facilities for housing, feeding, and milking. The following strategies have been proposed. • Enhance milk production efficiency by improving cattle environment including long day lighting which has the benefit of improving the safety of producers while working in the barn. • Reduce electric hazards by improving efficiency of electrical energy use. • Increase milk harvesting profitability by properly selecting milking equipment and facilities. • Improve efficiency of feed storage and handling through better methods to provide balanced diets and adequate feeding space. • Enhance dairy industry modernization by encouraging selection of profitable facilities.

25. PCA Alien Plant Working Group - Japanese Knotweed (Polygonum Cuspidatum) Jil M. Swearingen, US National Park service, Washington, DC. PHOTOGRAPHS PM iowa State Univ. Science Technol. Ames. coop. ext. Serv. 762, 2. http://www.nps.gov/plants/alien/fact/pocu1.htm

Polygonum cuspidatum Buckwheat family (Polygonaceae) NATIVE RANGE: Eastern Asia DESCRIPTION: Japanese knotweed is an upright, shrublike, herbaceous perennial that can grow to over 10 feet in height. As with all members of this family, the base of the stem above each joint is surrounded by a membranous sheath. Stems of Japanese knotweed are smooth, stout and swollen at joints where the leaf meets the stem. Although leaf size may vary, they are normally about 6 inches long by 3 to 4 inches wide, broadly oval to somewhat triangular and pointed at the tip. The minute greenish-white flowers occur in attractive, branched sprays in summer and are followed soon after by small winged fruits. Seeds are triangular, shiny, and very small, about 1/10 inch long. Japanese knotweed is designated a noxious weed in the State of Washington. ECOLOGICAL THREAT: Japanese knotweed spreads quickly to form dense thickets that exclude native vegetation and greatly alter natural ecosystems. It poses a significant threat to riparian areas, where it can survive severe floods and is able to rapidly colonize scoured shores and islands. Once established, populations are extremely persistent. DISTRIBUTION IN THE UNITED STATES: Current distribution of Japanese knotweed includes 36 states in the lower 48 from Maine to Wisconsin south to Louisiana, and scattered midwest and western states. It is not currently known to occur in Hawaii.

26. Growth, Development, And Yield Of Soybean Lines Developed For Forage -- Darmosar Stages of soybean development. iowa coop. ext. service, iowa Agric. Home. iowa State Univ. coop. ext. service, Ames, IA. SAS Institute. 1985. http://agron.scijournals.org/cgi/content/full/93/5/1028

HOME HELP FEEDBACK SUBSCRIPTIONS ... TABLE OF CONTENTS QUICK SEARCH: [advanced] Author: Keyword(s): Year: Vol: Page: This Article Abstract Figures Only Full Text (PDF) ... Alert me if a correction is posted Services Similar articles in this journal Similar articles in ISI Web of Science Alert me to new issues of the journal Download to citation manager PubMed Articles by Darmosarkoro, W. Articles by Anderson, I. C. Agricola Articles by Darmosarkoro, W. Articles by Anderson, I. C. Related Collections Crop Growth and Development Soybean Agronomy Journal American Society of Agronomy FORAGE Growth, Development, and Yield of Soybean Lines Developed for Forage Witjaksana Darmosarkoro a Matthew M. Harbur a Dwayne R. Buxton b Kenneth J. Moore ,a Thomas E. Devine b and Irvin C. Anderson a a Dep. of Agronomy, 2101 Agronomy Hall, Iowa State Univ., Ames, IA 50011 b USDA-ARS, Beltsville, MD * Corresponding author ( Received for publication August 25, 2000. ABSTRACT TOP NOTES ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS RESULTS CONCLUSIONS REFERENCES Recently, soybean [

27. Consumers Energy: Developer: Electric Service Extensions Consumers Energy, based in Marshalltown, iowa, is a consumerowned electric,natural gas, jkvinlaug@consumersenergy.coop, or 641-752-2296, ext. 117 http://www.consumersenergy.net/developer/electric_service_extensions.html

2075 Marshalltown Blvd. P.O. Box 1058 Marshalltown, Iowa 50158 - or - Our office hours are 7:30 A.M. to 4:30 P.M. (central standard time) For service interruption, call either of the above numbers - the telephones are answered 24 hours a day! info@consumersenergy.coop indicates a PDF document. Download to view PDF Documents Electric Service Extensions Consumers Energy accepts the principle of complete area coverage in making electric service available to anyone within its assigned area. The limitations of feasibility established by the Iowa State Utility Board Rules and Regulations. In all cases, Consumers Energy will construct, own and maintain all facilities up to the point of delivery. Consumers Energy will extend electric service to users on an area coverage basis, without regard to race, color, religion, sex, age, national origin or handicap. The point of delivery on overhead construction shall be the end of the service drop where it is attached to the structure on which the meter is located. The point of delivery on underground construction shall be the point of attachment to the meter socket. Consumers Energy will supply single-phase, 120/140 volt electric service at a delivery point, or meter location, to be agreed upon by Consumers Energy and the applicant, such location to be determined as the best load center available to service all the electrical requirements of the member that are near enough to be served from one metering point at 120/140 volts. Consumers Energy will install and maintain the line and all equipment up to the point of delivery. The meter and meter socket will also be furnished. This service is available to all farm and residential locations where there is a permanent resident.

28. Min021502 The planning team for the public policy inservice, including members from site license fee of $1500 for the Teen Conference offered by iowa coop ext. http://www.uwex.edu/ces/flp/weafcs/min021502.html

WEAFCS Executive Board Meeting Minutes Friday, February 15, 2002 President Linda Olson called the meeting together at 10:00 a.m. over ETN. Those on-line included Faye Malek, Kathy Eisenmann, Mary Fran Lepeska, Gayle Carmody, Jane Jensen, Karen Dickrell, Laurie Boyce, Kelly Cole, Cheryl Rew Stapleton, Rita Straub, Lana Anderson and Shelby Maier. There were no additions to the agenda. Secretary’s Report - Minutes of the October meeting were not available on the website, so they will be approved at the March meeting. Treasurer’s Report - Carmody sent e-mail report listing account balance of $18027.79. Dues received from 81 members, and payment sent to NEAFCS. All bills to date have been paid. Report will be placed on file. An audit will be done after the April meeting, and Linda will check on audit committee chairperson, as Pat Rychter is on leave. Committee and Officer Reports Awards and Recognition - The Awards and Recognition sub-committees have received applications earlier this week and will be reviewing and selecting award winners. Applications have been received in 19 categories, up from the 15 categories of last year. There are entries in all state categories except for the WEAFCS Scholarship. Multiple applications were received in all of the state categories except the Ardith Murphy Volunteer award. The sub-committees are to have selections made along with comments back to Lana by March 1. We are thrilled to have the increased number of application categories. We hope to be able to have people recognized in 13 categories at NEAFCS this fall. The committee meets again March 15th. Two members inquired about DSA application, so hope to have two DSA winners.

29. References Midwest Plan service, 122 Davidson Hall, iowa State University, Ames, Agricultural Tree Crop Pest Control. UF/IFAS/coop. ext. service Manual. http://citrusbmp.ifas.ufl.edu/References_Publications/Appendix 1 - References/_A

References AE-5 Cromwell, R. P. Rev. 1992. The 1/128 th of an Acre Calibration Method. UF/IFAS/Coop. Ext. Service Fact Sheet. AE-259 Salyani, M. Rev. September 1999. 2000 Florida Citrus Pest Management Guide: Pesticide Application Technology-Foliar. UF/IFAS/Coop. Ext. Service Fact Sheet. AGR-73 Vandiver, Jr., Vernon V. September 1998. 1999 Aquatic Weed Management Guide: Weed-Herbicide Cross Reference. UF/IFAS/Coop. Ext. Service Fact Sheet AGR-73. 157 pp. AGR-77 Vandiver, Jr., Vernon V. November 1997. Biological Control with Grass Carp. UF/IFAS/Coop. Ext. Service Fact Sheet AGR-77. 1 pp. AGR-78 Vandiver, Jr., Vernon V., Larry O. Bagnall, David L. Sutton, C. Jack Neitzke, and Robert E. Eplee. November 1997. Fish Containment Barriers. UF/IFAS/Coop. Ext. Service Fact Sheet AGR-78. 2 pp. Bul. 204 Smajstrla, A. G., D. S. Harrison, and G. A. Clark. 1986. Trickle Irrigation scheduling 1: durations of water applications. Exten. Bull. 204. UF/IFAS Coop. Ext. Service, Gainesville. 18 pp. Bul. 208

30. Mission/History Page This article is from Extension In Review, Cooperative Extension service, The “jaunt into the unknown” began for this daughter of a pioneer iowa farmer http://www.uaf.edu/coop-ext/homeeconomics/02_mission_home.html

home EXTENSION HOME ECONOMIC'S MISSION Alaska's families, in all their diverse forms, are Alaska's future. The Extension Home Economics program's primary "unit of care" is the family within its home environment. Extension Home Economics' program faculty help people improve their lives through an educational process that uses research based knowledge focused on issues and needs defined by the clientele. This program provides education in the areas of food (safety, preservation, preparation, food product development), nutrition, housing and home environment, energy utilization, clothing, management of financial and other resources, child development, and human relationships. Extension Home Economics programs promote positive change and growth for the family system within the community and the larger society. A STORY FROM ALASKA HOME ECONOMIC'S PAST Historical Perspective: Dr. Lydia (Jacobson) Fohn-Hansen By Kristy Long, Foods and Home Economics Specialist

31. Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean Cultivar Yields Compared With Sister Lines Agronomy Special Report No. 53. iowa State Univ. coop. ext. service. Ames IA. Singh, NB,and JW Lambert. 1985. Effect of gene Rps1 for resistance to phytophthora rot http://www.mindfully.org/GE/GE2/RRS-Yields-Compared.htm

Glyphosate-Resistant Soybean Cultivar Yields Compared with Sister Lines Agronomy Journal 93:408-412 Mar/Apr01 R. W. Elmore F. W. Roeth Lenis A. Nelson, Charles A. Shapiro, ... Stevan Z. Knezevic, and Alex Martin. University of Nebraska South Central Research and Extension Center, Clay Center, NE 68933 Roger W. Elmore and Fred W. Roeth, University of Nebraska, South Central Research and Extension Center, Clay Center, NE 68933; Lenis A. Nelson and Alex Martin, Dept. of Agronomy, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583; Robert N. Klein, University of Nebraska, West Central Research and Extension Center, North Platte, NE 69101; Charles A. Shapiro and Stevan Z. Knezevic, University of Nebraska, Northeast Research and Extension Center-Haskell Ag Lab, Concord, NE 68728. ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION Soybean improvement through the incorporation of genetic resistance or tolerance is an accepted practice in soybean cultivar development for yield-limiting factors such as diseases (Athow, 1987) and nematodes (Riggs and Schmitt, 1987). A goal of plant breeders is to maintain the productivity of the parent line in the absence of the yield-limiting factor. Comparisons of near-isogenic lines with and without the tolerance or resistance genes are important to ascertain if grain yields are suppressed. Phytophthora root rot (PRR, caused by Phytophthora megasperma f. sp. glycinea Kuan and Erwin) was one of the most destructive diseases of soybean (Athow, 1987). It provides a good case study for this discussion. In the early 1960s genetic resistance to PRR was incorporated into several cultivars through backcrossing programs resulting in near-isogenic lines (Athow, 1987). Several researchers using near-isogenic lines have reported that PRR resistant lines perform the same as PRR susceptible lines in the absence of PRR (Caviness and Walters, 1971; Singh and Lambert, 1985; Wilcox and St. Martin, 1998). Singh and Lambert (1985) also reported no deleterious pleiotropic effects of the insertion of the gene for PRR resistance. Thus, no yield suppression was associated with the incorporation of the PPR genes into soybean cultivars.

32. Back-to-Basics: Regional Updates Archive - Winter 2004-2005 Nov. 2002. iowa State coop. ext. Serv., iowa State Univ., Ames. According tothe Florida Agricultural Statistics service The all orange forecast for http://www.back-to-basics.net/regional/archives/winter_2004-2005.htm

Northcentral Northeast Northern Great Plains Southern/Central Great Plains ... West Northcentral Harvest in 2004 was marked by record-breaking yields for many crops in many areas of the Northcentral region. Nutrient management plans will need to be updated to account for the quantities of P and K removed by crop harvest this past season. Range in estimated 2004 state average P removal (lb P O /A): alfalfa: 25 to 53 corn: 46 to 77 soybean: 26 to 43 wheat: 26 to 39 Range in estimated 2004 state average K removal (lb K O/A): alfalfa: 105 to 215 corn: 34 to 54 soybean: 46 to 74 wheat: 14 to 23 Summary of yield and nutrient removal changes from 2003 to 2004: alfalfa up 5 to 17% corn up 5 to 17% soybean up 5 to 51% wheat declined in 4 states and increased in one: range was -10 to 9% Table 1.

33. Crop Systems & Global Change : Coden List 1982, NATIONAL RESOURCE INVENTORY, STAT BULL 156, iowa STATE UNIV., AMES, IA., 1988 . OF FL coop ext. service BULL SSSOS-OOXXRH-90-C(DRAFT) P 13. http://www.ars.usda.gov/Services/docs.htm?docid=6436&pf=1&cg_id=0

34. Other Plant Disease And Ag Related Sites coop. ext. Services, No Till Information, Market Reports, Ag Stats Plant DiseaseArticles (by iowa State Univ. coop. ext. System); Plant Disease http://www.uidaho.edu/ag/plantdisease/other.htm

Other Plant Disease and Ag Related Sites Plant Disease Information Biotechnology Information IPM Information Pesticide Information ... Other Information Plant Disease Information Pacific Northwest Plant Disease Control Handbook (by Oregon State Univ.) California Pest Management Guidelines (by Univ. of Calif., Davis) Plant Health Progress MoreCrop - Wheat Disease Management System for the PNW (by Washington State Univ.) Texas Plant Disease Handbook National Agricultural Pest Information (by USDA-APHIS, PPQ) Plant Disease Information Notes (by North Carolina State Univ.) Ohio Farm and Production Agriculture Information (by Ohio State Univ.) Plant Disease Articles (by Iowa State Univ. Coop. Ext. System) Plant Disease Informaton for Vegetables (by Colorado State Univ.) Pest Alert (by Colorado State Univ. Coop. Ext. System) Plant Disease Alerts (by Kansas State Univ. Coop. Ext. System) Montana Crop Health Report (by Montana State Univ. Ext. Service) Cereal Rust Bulletins (by the USDA ARS Cereal Rust Lab) Integrated Crop Management Newsletter (by Iowa State Univ. Coop. Ext. System)

35. Food Safety In Connecticut-Fact Sheets iowa State University ext. South Dakota State University Cooperative ext.service University of Rhode Island Cooperative ext. service http://www.canr.uconn.edu/ces/foodsafety/expert/hotlinkstab.html

Food Safety Topics Foodborne Illness Safety At Home Meat Poultry Fish/Seafood Milk/Dairy Eggs Fruits/Vegetables Food Processing New Technologies Seasonal Issues For More Help Cooperative Ext. Foodsafety Resource Web Sites Alabama Cooperative Ext. System http://www.aces.edu/dept/extcomm/publications/he/hefn.html Alaska Cooperative Ext. www.uaf.edu/coop-ext/publications/fhepubs.html Clemson University Cooperative Ext. Service http://hgic.clemson.edu/ Colorado State University Cooperative Ext. www.colostate.edu/orgs/safefood Cornell Cooperative Ext. www.cce.cornell.edu/food/resources.html Delaware Cooperative Ext. http://bluehen.ags.udel.edu/deces/fnf/fs-list.htm Iowa State University Ext. www.extension.iastate.edu/Pages/families/fs/homepage.html Kansas State University Cooperative Ext. Service www.oznet.ksu.edu/foodsafety/ Maryland Cooperative Ext. www.agnr.umd.edu/ces/fcs/nutrition.html Michigan State University Ext. http://foodsafe.fshn.msu.edu/main.html Mississippi State University Ext. Service http://www.ext.msstate.edu/fce/foodsafety/fs.html Montana State University Ext. Service www.montana.edu./~wwwnutr/extension/index.html

36. CYFERnet Editorial Board Members iowa State University. Diane Bales, Ph.D. University of Georgia. Talma Benevenedes,M.Ed.,CFCS Advisor, Solano Co. coop. ext. (reviewer only at present) http://www.cyfernet.org/about/editorialpub.html

Home Search: Title/Abstract Full Text Author Advanced Search CYFERnet Editorial Boards CYFERnet - Early Childhood Editorial Board CYFERnet - School Age Child Editorial Board School CYFERnet - Teen Editorial Board CYFERnet - Parent/Family Editorial Board ... CYFERnet - Community Editorial Board CYFERnet - Early Childhood Editorial Board: Lesia Oesterreich, M.S., CYFERnet Editor, Early Childhood Iowa State University Diane Bales, Ph.D. University of Georgia Talma Benevenedes, M.Ed.,CFCS Janie L. Burney, PhD, RD, HPHC Representative Tennessee State University Ann Michelle Daniels, Ph.D., ECI Representative South Dakota State University Kathy Reschke, Ph.D. Ohio State University Dan Weigel, Ph.D. University of Nevada Reno Dee Love, M.A. Purdue University CYFERnet - School Age Child Editorial Board School: Maureen Toomey, CYFERnet Editor, School-Age Child, Extension Associate University of Idaho Ina Lynn Linville, Ph.D., 4-H Youth Dev. Specialist, ECI Representative

37. WSSA University, Government And Industry Website Links Page State Res., Ed., and ext. service Federal Interagency Committee for the Managementof Noxious and iowa, iowa State U. http//www.weeds.iastate.edu/ http://www.wssa.net/directories/links.htm

The Society You will leave the WSSA web site when you click on any of the below listed sites Governmental And Regulatory Links Agriculture, Food, and Rural Development of Alberta, Canada Animal and Plant Control Commission - South Australia R. Carter (Weed Science advisor) Agricultural Research Service USDA Animal and Plant Control Commission - South Australia R. Carter (Weed Science advisor) Aphis noxious weed programs USDA ARS North Central Soil Conservation Research Laboratory - Morris, MN F. Forcella California Dept. of Pesticide Regulation Canadian Forest Service - Biocontrol Method for Reedgrass (English and French available) R. Winder Coop. State Res., Ed., and Ext. Service Federal Interagency Committee for the Management of Noxious and Exotic Weeds (FICMNEW) - USDA D. Miller of University of Wisconsin - Madison IR-4 Program National Ag. Statistics Ser. National Wildlife Refuge Environmental Contaminant Page Weed Science Group, Agriculture Western Australia National Ag Library National Ag. Statistics Ser. National Plants Database Project ... Weeds, Noxious and Exotic and Invasive Plants Commercial Links Ag Chem Database Ag in the Classroom "Kid Video" and study guides Ag-Consultant Online AgriSurf! Searchable Ag index

38. Asparagus Production Management And Marketing, Bulletin 826 OSU extension Facts NO. 7646. Oklahoma coop. ext. Serv., Stillwater. Commodity Economics Division, Economics Research service, US Dept. of Agriculture http://ohioline.osu.edu/b826/b826_17.html

Ohio State University Extension Horticulture and Crop Sciences Asparagus Production Management and Marketing Bulletin 826 Literature Cited 1. Asparagus U.S.A., 2133 University Park Drive, Suite 700, Okemos, MI 48864. 2. Benson, B. L. 1986. Growing asparagus transplants in the greenhouse, pp. 38-44. In C. Cantaluppi (ed.). Proc. 1986 Illinois Asparagus School Hort Ser. 60. Coop. Ext. Serv., Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign. 3. Benson, B. L., and J. E. Motes. 1982. Influence of harvesting asparagus the year following planting on subsequent spear yield and quality. HortScience 4. Bodnar, J. 1993. Asparagus update. In Vegetable Matter Newsletter , Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food. 5. Bodnar, J. 1993. Hollow stem and boron deficiency. In Asparagus update and review #2, 1993. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food. 6. Bodnar, J., and P. P. Wedel. 1990. Asparagus: maintaining the plantation. Fact sheet No. 90-051. Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food. 7. Burrows, R. L., and L. E. Waters Jr. 1989. Fall establishment of asparagus using seedling transplants. HortScience 8. Cantaluppi, C. J. 1990. Back to the basics-getting started in asparagus production, pp. 1-18. In C. Cantaluppi (ed.). Proc. 1990 Illinois Asparagus School Hort. Ser. 85. Coop. Ext. Serv., Univ. of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign.

39. Feeding The Dairy Herd coop. ext. Pub. Distribution, Rm. 245 30 N. Murray St. Department of Agricultureand cooperative extension Services of Illinois, Indiana, iowa, Kansas, http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/livestocksystems/DI0469.html

WW-00469 Reviewed 1996 North Central Regional Extension Publication 346 feeding the DAIRY HERD James G. Linn, Michael F. Hutjens, Randy Shaver, Donald E. Otterby, W. Terry Howard and Lee H. Kilmer Table of Contents Ruminant Anatomy and Physiology Anatomy of the Adult Function of the Digestive Tract Calf Digestive System Feed Nutrients Energy Protein Vitamins Minerals Water Feedstuffs Forages Energy Concentrates (Grains and By-Product Feeds) Protein Supplements Feeding the Dairy Herd Dairy Cow Nutrition Calf Nutrition Heifer Nutrition Feeding Systems Forage Systems Grain Systems Mineral Systems Total Mixed Rations Ration Formulation Hand Calculated Rations Balanced Ration Check Sheet Purchasing Feed Feed Tag Interpretation Feed Additives Dollar Value of Common Feedstuffs Dairy Cow Diseases and Disorders Appendix Tables A-1 Sample budget of cost and returns for a milk cow and her replacement at three different levels of production A-2 Sample budget for raising heifers to 1350 lb in 24 months A-3 Estimating weight of dairy animals on basis of heart girth measurements A-4 Water quality guidelines for dairy cattle A-5 Daily nutrient recommendations for growing heifers A-6 Daily nutrient recommendations for lactating dairy cows A-7 Crude protein and energy allowances for milk production A-8 Calcium and phosphorus allowances for milk production A-9 Nutrient value of common forages A-10 Nutrient value of energy concentrates (grains, by-product feeds, and fat)

40. Soil Cation Ratios For Crop Production coop. ext. Pub. Distribution Rm. 245 30 N. Murray St. Department of Agricultureand cooperative extension Services of Illinois, Indiana, iowa, Kansas, http://www.extension.umn.edu/distribution/cropsystems/DC6437.html

FO-06437-GO 1994 To Order North Central Regional Extension Publication 533 Soil Cation Ratios for Crop Production by George Rehm Soil Science Department University of Minnesota For many years, soil testing has been used as a management tool to arrive at fertilizer recommendations that are essential for economic crop production. Two general concepts or philosophies of making fertilizer recommendations evolved as the use of soil testing techniques and procedures were refined and used more and more as a basis for making fertilizer recommendations. The "sufficiency level" approach is built on the concept that there are certain levels of plant nutrients in soil that can be defined as optimum. Below some defined level, crops will respond to the application of a nutrient in question. Likewise, crops will not respond to the addition of the nutrient if the soil test levels are above a defined sufficient level. The "basic cation saturation ratio" (BCSR) approach promotes the concept that maximum yields can only be achieved by creating an ideal ratio of calcium (Ca), magnesium (Mg) and potassium (K) in the soil system. This approach is not concerned with recommendations for nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), sulfur (S), and the micronutrients. Today, most public and private soil testing laboratories responsible for making fertilizer recommendations use the "sufficiency level" approach. Others adjust recommendations generated from the "sufficiency level" approach with a consideration for the "basic cation saturation ratios." A more detailed discussion of the BCSR and "sufficiency level" approaches to fertilizer recommendations is provided by Eckert (1987). Recommendations based on the "basic cation saturation ratio" concept are usually quite different from those based on the "sufficiency level" concept. This confuses the grower as well as those who advise the grower. Therefore, this publication addresses the history of the "basic cation saturation ratio" concept and examines its importance and relevancy for crop production. It is not written for the purpose of comparing fertilizer recommendations resulting from the use of either concept.

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