61. A Brief History Of The Internet An anecdotal history by Walt Howe of the people and communities that brought about the internet and the Web. Includes a glossary of terms. http://www.walthowe.com/navnet/history.html

An anecdotal history of the people and communities that brought about the Internet and the Web (Last updated 17 September 2004) Go to Top Go to Learning Tree When Senator Ted Kennedy heard in 1968 that the pioneering Massachusetts company BBN had won the ARPA contract for an "interface message processor (IMP)," he sent a congratulatory telegram to BBN for their ecumenical spirit in winning the "interfaith message processor" contract. The Internet, then known as ARPANET, was brought online in 1969 under a contract let by the renamed Advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA) which initially connected four major computers at universities in the southwestern US (UCLA, Stanford Research Institute, UCSB, and the University of Utah). The contract was carried out by BBN of Cambridge, MA under Bob Kahn and went online in December 1969. By June 1970, MIT, Harvard, BBN, and Systems Development Corp (SDC) in Santa Monica, Cal. were added. By January 1971, Stanford, MIT's Lincoln Labs, Carnegie-Mellon, and Case-Western Reserve U were added. In months to come, NASA/Ames, Mitre, Burroughs, RAND, and the U of Illinois plugged in. After that, there were far too many to keep listing here. Who was the first to use the Internet?

62. The Internet The following sections provide information on the internet s history, design, use, advanced use, important features, security issues, help, and additional http://www.livinginternet.com/i/i.htm

Home Contents ^ Up <- Previous ... Lists The Internet As with any new facility, there will be a period of very light usage until the community of users experiments with the network and begins to depend upon it. One of our goals must be to stimulate the immediate and easy use by a wide class of users. - Steve Crocker; Host Software; RFC 1 ; 7 April 1969. The Internet is named after the Internet Protocol , the standard communications protocol used by every computer on the Internet. The Internet can powerfully leverage your ability to find, manage, and share information. Never before in human history has such a valuable resource been available to so many people at such little cost. You are incredibly lucky. The main Internet applications are described in the chapters accessible through the left navigation bar, while this chapter describes the underlying Internet network itself. The following sections provide information on the Internet's history, design, use, advanced use, important features, security issues, help, and additional references.

63. PBS | About This Site . Retired Site Arts Drama, history, Home Hobbies, Life Culture, News Views, Science Nature The Life on the internet site has been retired from pbs.org. http://www.pbs.org/internet/timeline/

Thursday, September 22, 2005 by topic... History Retired Site The "Life on the Internet" site has been retired from pbs.org. To find related content, try a keyword search , visit a related topic area using the pulldown menu at the top of this page, or browse our Programs A-Z menu. Feedback About PBS About this Site Support PBS ... History

64. Triumph Of The Nerds: A History Of The Computer A history OF THE COMPUTER NETWORK Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf develop the basic ideas of the internet in 1973. In 1974 BBN opens the first public http://www.pbs.org/nerds/timeline/network.html

A HISTORY OF THE COMPUTER: NETWORK T imesharing, the concept of linking a large numbers of users to a single computer via remote terminals, is developed at MIT in the late 50s and early 60s. 1962: Paul Baran of RAND develops the idea of distributed, packet-switching networks. ARPANET goes online in 1969. Bob Kahn and Vint Cerf develop the basic ideas of the Internet in 1973. In 1974 BBN opens the first public packet-switched network - Telenet. A UUCP link between the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill and Duke University establishes USENET in 1979. The first MUD is also developed in 1979, at the University of Essex. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol and Internet Protocol) is established as the standard for ARPANET in 1982. 1987: the number of network hosts breaks 10,000. 1989: the number of hosts breaks 100,000. Tim Berners-Lee develops the World Wide Web. CERN releases the first Web server in 1991. 1992: the number of hosts breaks 1,000,000. The World Wide Web sports a growth rate of 341,634% in service traffic in its third year, 1993.

65. Internet & World Wide Web History LinkScan Finds Broken Links and Creates SiteMaps. Developed by Electronic Software Publishing Corporation (Elsop) http://www.elsop.com/wrc/h_web.htm

About Products Free Trial Purchase ... Anti-Spam Info [ History of: The Web The Computer Computer Companies People ... Silicon Valley to Internet Valley History Try a Free Evaluation Copy of our Product: LinkScan LinkScan is a website quality assurance tool that checks links and produces two types of SiteMaps using multi-threaded simultaneous processing that provides reports on HTML pages readable from any browser on any platform. Get a free evaluation copy Electronic Software Publishing Corporation (Elsop)

66. Lii.org: History AfricanAmerican history Ancient history Arab-Israeli Conflict Archaeology Copyright © 2004, Librarians Index to the internet, lii.org. http://www.lii.org/search/file/history

@import "/normal.css"; Home About Subscribe Help ... Advanced Search History General Resources African-American History Ancient History Arab-Israeli Conflict ... lii.org

67. LII: United States History United States history A Strategic Partner of Califa, Copyright © 2004, Librarians Index to the internet, lii.org. All rights reserved. http://www.lii.org/search/file/history_united_states

@import "/normal.css"; Home About Subscribe Help ... Advanced Search United States History General Resources African Americans Alaska Gold Rush Anti-communist Movements ... lii.org

68. A Computer Geek's History Of The Internet Okay not the complete history but just the cool stuff. This is a history of the internet from the perspective of a computer geek who likes knowing more than http://www.wbglinks.net/pages/history/

Home About Internet Pioneers Email A Computer Geek's History of the Internet Not the complete history but just the cool stuff. The Internet history from the perspective of a computer geek who likes knowing more than what the instructions simply tell us. This will not be a complete list but a work in progress. Enjoy. Blaise Pascal developed a mechanism called the Pascaline to calculate with 8 figures and carrying of 10's, 100's, and 1000's etc. In honor to his scientific contributions the name Pascal has been given to a programming language , as well as to many mathematical concepts. Charles Babbage becomes known as the Father of Computing and the inventor of the first universal digital computer with his design of the Analytical machine which used Jacquard punch cards Joseph Henry demonstrates long distance communication by sending an electronic current over one mile of wire to activate an electromagnet which caused a bell to strike . Thus the electric telegraph was born. Cyrus West Field was chiefly responsible for laying the first submarine telegraph cable between America and Europe.

69. The Faces In Front Of The Monitors the Telegraph and the Nineteenth Century s OnLine Pioneers. A Computer Geek s history of the internet (2005) - My take on the history of the internet. http://www.wbglinks.net/pages/watchmen/

Home About Internet History Email The Faces in Front of the Monitors Pictures of people who have made a mark in any of the following: programmable computer systems, computer networks, the Internet or the security involved with those systems. This is not a complete list but a work in progress. Enjoy. ARPA Network Arpanet (Advanced Research Project Agency Network) the Internet predecessor, started in 1969. The first four nodes (networks) consisted of the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA), University of California Santa Barbara (UCSB), University of Utah and the Stanford Research Institute (SRI). Arpanet was finally decommissioned in 1990 having been largely replaced by the NSFNet (National Science Foundation Network). The BBN IMP Team website Bolt Beranek and Newman (BBN), the Cambridge, MA team that designed and deployed the Interface Message Processors (IMP) for the ARPA Network in 1969. Pictured: Truett Thach, Bill Bartell, Dave Walden, Jim Geisman, Bob Kahn, Frank Heart, Ben Barker, Marty Thrope, Will Crowther and Severo Ornstein. Dr. Lawrence G. Roberts

70. Chemistry Resources , LSU Libraries - History Of Science Internet Resources: LSU Links to museums, historical instruments galleries, electronic publications, papers, email groups and books. http://www.lib.lsu.edu/sci/chem/internet/history.html

LSU Libraries Chemistry Resources Select a Link About Resources Indexes/Databases Ejournals Collection Development Events/Displays Departmental Links HISTORY OF SCIENCE AND ETHICS INTERNET RESOURCES History of Science WWW Virtual Library: History of Science, Technology and Medicine MendelWeb - Roger Blumberg Classic Papers in Genetics - Robert J. Robbins The Classic Papers in Genetics site has expanded and relocated and may now be reached as part of the new Electronic Scholarly Publishing (ESP) project at http://www.esp.org An ESP section specifically devoted to the Foundations of Classical Genetics may be found at http://www.esp.org/foundations/genetics/classical Benjamin Franklin - Glimpses of the Man The Origin of the Celsius Temperature Scale The Galileo Project - Albert Van Helden, Rice University Paracelsus: 500 Years The Art of Renaissance Science: Galileo and Perspective Jesuits and the Sciences, 1540-1995 The Alchemy Virtual Library Adam McLean Biographies of Women Mathematicians "[An] on-going project by students in mathematics classes at Agnes Scott College, in Atlanta, Georgia, to illustrate the numerous achievements of women in the field of mathematics. There are biographical essays or comments on most of the women mathema ticians and some photos." Source: http://www.scottlan.edu/lriddle/women/women.htm

71. History Of The Internet, Internet For Historians This overview by Richard T. Griffiths covers the development of computers, ArpaNet, email, search engines and Basic Net Data. http://www.let.leidenuniv.nl/history/ivh/frame_theorie.html

Universiteit Leiden History of the Internet, Internet for Historians (and just about everyone else) By Richard T. Griffiths Chapter One: The Development of Computers till 1960's Chapter Two: From ARPANET to World Wide Web Chapter Three: History of Electronic Mail Chapter Four: Search Engines Chapter Five: Basic Net Data History Homepage Leiden University Design: T.J. Maij Last Updated: 11 October 2002 Picture taken from www.cybergeography.org

72. WDVL: History Of The Internet And The World Wide Web The Web Developer s Virtual Library is a resource for web development, including a JavaScript tutorial, html tag info, JavaScript events, html special http://www.wdvl.com/Internet/History/

NetSuite CRM Solution Center WEBCAST : Best Practices for CRM Learn how to improve your ROI and customer service. WHITEPAPER : TCO of On-Demand Applications Is Significantly Better for SMBs and Mid-Market Companies WHITEPAPER : Integration in Medium- Sized Companies: A Necessary Ingredient for Customer Care Enhance operational efficiency and improve customer relationships. Discussion Forums HTML XML JavaScript ... WDVL Newsletter Active Server Pages JSP/Java Servlets Microsoft SQL Server Daily Backup Dedicated Servers Streaming Audio/Video 24-hour Support e-commerce Desktop Computers Phone Systems Laptop Batteries Laptop Reviews ... Website Marketing Developer Channel FlashKit HierMenusCentral JavaScript.com JavaScript Source ... E-mail Offers Access FREE Sun Whitepapers at the Sun Storage Solution Center Whitepaper: The Art of Data Migration Whitepaper: Business Intelligence and Data Warehousing (BIDW) Whitepaper: Challenges of Data Retention Compliance ... Whitepaper: StorEdge 6920Solving the Paradox of Storage Consolidation Top 10 Articles Web Developer's Virtual Library: Encyclopedia of Web Design Tutorials, Articles and Discussions

73. A Short History Of The Internet By Bruce Sterling A Short history of the internet by Bruce Sterling. bruces@well.sf.ca.us. Literary Freeware Not for Commercial Use From THE MAGAZINE OF FANTASY AND http://www.library.yale.edu/div/instruct/internet/history.htm

A Short History of the Internet by Bruce Sterling bruces@well.sf.ca.us Literary Freeware Not for Commercial Use From THE MAGAZINE OF FANTASY AND SCIENCE FICTION Some thirty years ago, the RAND Corporation, America's foremost Cold War think-tank, faced a strange strategic problem. How could the US authorities successfully communicate after a nuclear war? Postnuclear America would need a command-and-control network, linked from city to city, state to state, base to base. But no matter how thoroughly that network was armored or protected, its switches and wiring would always be vulnerable to the impact of atomic bombs. A nuclear attack would reduce any conceivable network to tatters. And how would the network itself be commanded and controlled? Any central authority, any network central citadel, would be an obvious and immediate target for an enemy missile. The center of the network would be the very first place to go. RAND mulled over this grim puzzle in deep military secrecy, and arrived at a daring solution. The RAND proposal (the brainchild of RAND staffer Paul Baran) was made public in 1964. In the first place, the network would *have no central authority.* Furthermore, it would be *designed from the beginning to operate while in tatters.* The principles were simple. The network itself would be assumed to be unreliable at all times. It would be designed from the get-go to transcend its own unreliability. All the nodes in the network would be equal in status to all other nodes, each node with its own authority to originate, pass, and receive messages. The messages themselves would be divided into packets, each packet separately addressed. Each packet would begin at some specified source node, and end at some other specified destination node. Each packet would wind its way through the network on an individual basis.

74. Roger Clarke's Brief History Of The Internet In Australia It s not easy to find authoritative material on the internet s history in Australia. In fact, the National Library of Australia quickly created a mirror of http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/II/OzIHist.html

A Brief History of the Internet in Australia Version 3.1 of 5 May 2001 This has been superseded by a newer and much more comprehensive paper on Origins and Nature of the Internet in Australia (January 2004) Roger Clarke Principal, Xamax Consultancy Pty Ltd , Canberra Visiting Fellow, Department of Computer Science Australian National University Available under an AEShareNet licence This document is at http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/II/OzIHist.html The predecessor version is at http://www.anu.edu.au/people/Roger.Clarke/II/OzIHistv990712.html Introduction Until about 1990, telecommunications in Australia was all about the transmission of voice (Moyal 1984). Networks specifically designed for data did emerge as early as the early 1970s, notably, the Common User Data Network (CUDN). But, for many years, most data transmission used connections designed for voice, which had the capability to carry data retro-fitted to them. This document is in part the story of how the Internet in Australia emerged despite the slowness of the public telephone commission, Telecom, then corporation, Telstra, to adapt to the demands for, and to nurture the opportunities presented by, data transmission.

75. SAPL | Displays - History & Development Of The Internet:  Introduction The history and Development of the internet a Timeline, illustrates a chronology of notable events that led to the internet’s creation and concludes with http://www.sat.lib.tx.us/Displays/itintro.htm

Perhaps one of the greatest inventions of our time is the Internet . Without a doubt, the net has had a profound effect on almost every aspect of our lives. The formation of the Internet has changed the way we do business, communicate, entertain, retrieve information, and even educate ourselves. Nevertheless, the Internet might not have ever materialized if it had not been for some innovative thinkers from the Advanced Research Projects Agency , who created " ARPANET ." In collaboration with several educational and research institutions, the agency created the packet-switching technologies that form the basis of the Internet today. The History and Development of the Internet: a Timeline ARPANET experiment. http://www.isoc.org/zakon/Internet/History/HIT.html Please read and enjoy. San Antonio Public Library: Government Documents Rhonda Davila of Government Documents Timeline: through 1969 Introduction Figures Notes Acknowledgements Bibliography ... San Antonio Public Library Homepage times visited since 9/00

76. The Internet's History And Development Scott Ruthfield explores the beginnings of the internet, development of IMPs and packetswitching, ARPAnet, TCP/IP, and NSFNet, with references. http://www.acm.org/crossroads/xrds2-1/inet-history.html

The Internet's History and Development From Wartime Tool to the Fish-Cam by Scott Ruthfield It was 1964, the height of the Cold War, and Americans spent their free time building bomb shelters and stockpiling canned food in preparation for the impending nuclear attack. The government, however, had a more pervasive problem. If war did come, how would the military be able to communicate? A centralized system might easily be destroyed in wartime, and so traditional technologies wouldn't work. This fear impressed a need on the government to do something different to develop a whole new scheme for post-nuclear communication. Today, a descendant of that Cold War mechanism is used to track seismological phenomena, transmit pressing news bulletins, and send email to mom. Does this signal a complete shift in priorities? In part, yes; more appropriately though, it is an example of a technology with more uses than anybody ever imagined. The Internet we use today is one of the few positive legacies of Cold War paranoia, providing efficient and inexpensive communications between people around the world. As the Iraqis proved during the Gulf War, commercially available Internet technologies were indeed resistant to enemy fire. But as ``Information Superhighway'' becomes the most over-used phrase of the 1990s, mass numbers of people are signing up and trying to become part of the Internet community. By understanding the motives, methods, and technologies behind the Internet's development, we can get a sense of the power and importance of this project gone happily amok.

77. The History Of The Net | From Inception To World-wide Success || HTMLSource ] Ross Shannon provides an overview of the internet s origins, from ARPANET and email to the Web. Includes a breakdown of the components that make up the http://www.yourhtmlsource.com/starthere/historyofthenet.html

@import "/bubbleicious.css"; HTMLSource : HTML Tutorials <HTML Source="excellent"> S Full Index About Contact Updates Path www.yourhtmlsource.com Start Here The History of the Net by Ross Shannon The Internet and World-Wide Web are the greatest telecommunicational breakthrough since the telephone. The enormous growth that the web has enjoyed in the last decade has come very quickly to a system still in its relative infancy. Let's take a look back at how it came about... Page Navigation: How the Internet came about ARPANET and onwards The rise of USENET World-Wide Web unleashed ... USENET This page was last updated on 2005-02-02 How the Internet came about The foundations of the Internet were formed when packet-switching networks came into operation in the 1960s. Transmitted data is broken up into small packets of data, sent to its destination, and reassembled at the other side. This means that a single signal can be routed to multiple users, and an interrupted packet may be re-sent without loss of transmission. Packets can be compressed for speed and encrypted for security.

78. History Of The Internet And Web Anthony Anderberg gives a timeline of communications and the internet from 700BC to 1999, with references. http://www.anderbergfamily.net/ant/history/

History of the Internet and Web If I have seen farther than others, it is because I stood on the shoulders of giants. - Isaac Newton Anthony Anderberg ant@anderbergfamily.net 700 BC Homing pigeons carry messages in ancient Greece. May 4th In a letter Florentine merchant Francesco Lapi uses the @ sign for the first time in recorded history. Galileo Galilei discovers the moon's terrain and Jupiter's four largest moons. His view of the heavens as a place started a scientific revolution, and would forever change how we view the universe around us. Danish physicist Hans Christian Orsted discovers that a wire carrying an electric current creates a field that deflects a magnetic needle, a discovery that would eventually lead to the creation of the telegraph. William F. Cooke and Charles Wheatstone install the first railway telegraph in England. May 24th Samuel F.B. Morse demonstrated a magnetic telegraph using his Morse Code to send the message 'What hath God wrought' from Baltimore to Washington. August The first transatlantic cable is installed between Ireland and Canada. Unfortunately the signal was so weak and indistinguishable from background noise that it took hours to send a few words. The owners tried to fix the situation by boosting the voltage from 600 to 2000 volts, melting the cable's insulation and leaving it dead in the water. Later cables installed in 1866 were successful and remained in use for almost 100 years.

79. About SCP - University Of Regina Student Connection Program It allows people to shop, bank and play right from their desks! A Brief history of the internet, by the people who helped create it. http://tdi.uregina.ca/~ursc/internet/history.htm

80. Internet - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia history of the internet links; RFC 801, planning the TCP/IP switchover; internet Archive A searchable database of old cached versions of websites dating http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet

Internet From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the Internet , the extensive, worldwide computer network available to the public. An internet is a more general term informally used to describe any set of interconnected computer networks that are connected by internetworking The Internet , or simply the Net , is the publicly accessible worldwide system of interconnected computer networks that transmit data by packet switching using a standardized Internet Protocol (IP) and many other protocols. It is made up of thousands of smaller commercial, academic, domestic and government networks. It carries various information and services, such as electronic mail online chat and the interlinked web pages and other documents of the World Wide Web Contents Creation of the Internet Today's Internet Internet culture The World Wide Web ... edit Creation of the Internet Main article: History of the Internet During the , communications researchers realized that there was a need to allow general communication between users of various computers and communications networks. This led to research into decentralized networks queuing theory , and packet switching . The development of ARPANET in the United States would lead to technical developments that made it the center point for the development of the Internet.

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