21. Indigenous Peoples And Poverty: The Cases Of Bolivia, Guatemala, Honduras And Ni No universal definition of indigenous peoples exists and, because power and the The Convention has been ratified by Bolivia, guatemala and Honduras, http://www.minorityrights.org/Dev/mrg_dev_title12_LatinAmerica/mrg_dev_title12_L

printer friendly version Poverty and indigenous peoples The United Nations (UN) estimates that there are over 350 million indigenous people in the world, of whom over 40 million live in Latin America and constitute approximately 8 per cent of the population.2 No universal definition of indigenous peoples exists and, because power and the legitimacy of political representation have often been monopolized by states, indigenous peoples generally reject external attempts at defining them. Certain UN member states have insisted on a formal definition of the term 'indigenous peoples' with a view to excluding indigenous peoples rather than achieving clarity about the meaning of the term. States have used the categorization and labelling of different groups to exclude them from influence and participation. From an indigenous perspective, the right to self-identification is a fundamental right, which is the basis for a broader recognition, to include culture, language and religion. historical continuity with pre-colonial societies;

22. Indigenous Peoples And Poverty: The Cases Of Bolivia, Guatemala, Honduras And Ni In Bolivia and guatemala, indigenous peoples constitute a majority of the populationand a disproportionate percentage of the poor. http://www.minorityrights.org/Dev/mrg_dev_title12_LatinAmerica/mrg_dev_title12_L

printer friendly version Conclusions General conclusions Indigenous peoples' poverty is not a recent phenomenon but has been constructed through historical processes, where indigenous peoples have lost control over their territories and resources due to colonialism and nation-building. This understanding of indigenous peoples' poverty poses two main challenges for poverty reduction strategies: They must start with an indigenous perception of poverty and wealth, otherwise poverty reduction and its promotion of economic growth and uniform indicators of wealth contributes to the undermining of indigenous rights and cultures. They must take a rights-based approach, recognizing indigenous peoples' claim for collective rights as distinct peoples. The extent to which this is happening, or is feasible in the short to medium term, differs from country to country. Some of the decisive factors are: The reflection of indigenous rights in national legislation, for example: provisions for bilingual education, political participation and the titling of territories.

23. Rigoberta Menchu Tum, Quiche Mayan This web site is dedicated to the indigenous peoples of the world and to the Rigoberta Mench™ Tum Human Rights Leader for guatemala/1992 Nobel Peace http://www.indigenouspeople.net/menchu.htm

Homage to/Homenaje a Rigoberta Mench™; Tum, Quiche Mayan "What I treasure most in life is being able to dream. During my most difficult moments and complex situations I have been able to dream of a more beautiful future." Ois Botik "The time has come for dawn, for work to be completed, for those who nourish and sustain us to appear, the enlightened sons, the civilized people; the time has come for the appearance of humanity on the surface of the Earth." Pop Wuj "What hurts Indians most is our costumes are considered beautiful, but it's as if the person wearing them didn't exist." Biography Carta al Pueblo Innu Chiapas and Indigenous People Comunicado de Rigoberta Menchu ... Gifts of Speech - Sweet Briar College has posted on their web site as follows: Rigoberta Mench™ Tum Human Rights Leader for Guatemala/1992 Nobel Peace Prize - Guatemala, 24 de septiembre de 1996 Nobel Lecture - her Nobel Lecture reproduced here with the permission of the Nobel Foundation On The International Day Of Indigenous Peoples - August 9, 1996 The problem of racism on the threshold of the 21st Century - Delivered at the Sixth Lascasianas Symposium 5/21/96 During the 1970s and 1980s in Guatemala, tensions between the descendants of European immigrants and the native Indian population increased.

24. Americas.org - Support Indigenous Opposition To Gold Mine 169) Concerning indigenous and Tribal peoples. guatemala ratified ILO 169 in 1996as part of the guatemalan Peace Plan, but CNPI and many guatemalan human http://americas.org/item_17818

September 22, 2005 Advanced Search Resource Center of the Americas 3019 Minnehaha Ave Minneapolis, MN 55406-1931 Support Indigenous Opposition To Gold Mine Support Indigenous Opposition To Gold Mine February 4, 2005 SOURCE: Global Response (www.globalresponse.org) In the Central American country of Guatemala, which recently emerged from decades of devastating civil war, indigenous peoples are now facing another assault on their lands and their rights. The threat comes from powerful multinational mining companies, backed by the Guatemalan government and the World Bank. BACKGROUND: In the last five years, the Guatemalan government has granted over 250 mining concessions, covering roughly ten percent of the country. Ninety percent of this land is occupied by indigenous peoples, who are demanding immediate cancellation of the mining permits. HUMAN AND ENVIRONMENTAL COSTS: In this semi-arid region where water is a scarce and critical resource for subsistence farmers, the Marlin mine will use 250 cubic meters (66,000 gallons) of water per hour. Ore will be sprayed with cyanide to leach out the gold, risking downstream contamination with cyanide and other toxic chemicals. Scientists warn that acid mine drainage is very likely to be a long-term problem. As the sulfide-rich ore is exposed to air and water, acid will be released into the environment, affecting water and soil quality for generations to come. RECOMMENDED ACTION: ADDRESSES:

25. Guatemala | MADRE: An International Women's Human Rights Organization Although the conflict has officially ended, indigenous peoples in guatemala faceongoing problems. Racism, neoliberal policies that prioritize corporate http://www.madre.org/countries/Guatemala.html

@import "/common/madre2.css"; Home About Programs Articles ... Print Text size: A A A Where We Work Colombia Cuba Guatemala Haiti ... Get emails with the latest news and analysis from MADRE Search the MADRE site! © Emily Kunstler Guatemala Country Overview In 1996, Guatemalans witnessed the signing of peace accords that officially marked an end to the country’s 36-year civil war, the longest and bloodiest of this century's Latin American conflicts. Behind the smokescreen of "fighting communism," military groups trained and funded by the US killed 200,000 mostly Indigenous people and destroyed 440 Mayan villages. More than a million people were uprooted from their homes and over a quarter million became refugees in surrounding countries. Related Materials MADRE Programs in Guatemala MADRE's Sister Organizations in Guatemala Indigenous Women and Sustainable Development A History of Land in Guatemala: Conflict and Hope for Reform (Interhemispheric Resource Center) UN, Guatemala sign agreement to open human rights office (UN News) CAFTA Squeaker Shows Anxiety over Free Trade (Emad Mekay, Inter Press Service)

26. Dialogue Between Nations: Point Of View DECLARATION OF THE indigenous peoples OF guatemala REGARDING THE DRAFT AMERICANDECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF indigenous peoples http://www.dialoguebetweennations.com/OASdeclaration/english/pointofview.htm

POINT OF VIEW DECLARATION OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF GUATEMALA REGARDING THE DRAFT AMERICAN DECLARATION ON THE RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF THE ORGANIZATION OF AMERICAN STATES - OAS We, the representatives of organizations of the Indigenous Peoples of Guatemala, participating in the Consultation around the Draft American Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples of the Organization of American States, held on October 14 and 15, 2003, declare the following to the general public of Guatemala and internationally: 1. We are a diverse group of indigenous organizations and institutions that have come together to familiarize ourselves with the process of the Draft Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples in the framework of the Working Group of the Organization of American States - OAS, and with the progress of discussions on that draft declaration. The consultation is being conducted in the framework of strengthening direct, ongoing participation in order to transmit our concerns to regional and international entities that have initiated processes aimed at recognizing and protecting our fundamental rights and freedoms. 2. We, the organizations of the Indigenous Peoples, attribute the greatest importance to the Draft American Declaration. We make a commitment to actively participate in the process and in drafting the instrument, with the aim of having the recognition and protection of our fundamental collective rights and freedoms prevail.

27. FI: Giving A Voice Back To Guatemala’s Indigenous Peoples Giving a Voice back to guatemala’s indigenous peoples Mr. Stavenhagen assertedthat indigenous peoples face systemic discrimination in field of http://www.franciscansinternational.org/news/article.php?id=745

28. FI: Giving A Voice Back To Guatemala’s Indigenous Peoples Giving a Voice back to guatemala’s indigenous peoples. Apr. 19, 2005 Mr.Stavenhagen asserted that indigenous peoples face systemic discrimination in http://www.franciscansinternational.org/news/print.php?id=745

29. Rigoberta Menchu Tum, Quiche Mayan misery and discrimination suffered by the indigenous peoples of guatemala . In the field of rights and values of indigenous peoples, the Foundation http://www.indians.org/welker/menchu.htm

Homage to/Homenaje a "What I treasure most in life is being able to dream. During my most difficult moments and complex situations I have been able to dream of a more beautiful future." Ois Botik "The time has come for dawn, for work to be completed, for those who nourish and sustain us to appear, the enlightened sons, the civilized people; the time has come for the appearance of humanity on the surface of the Earth." Pop Wuj "What hurts Indians most is our costumes are considered beautiful, but it's as if the person wearing them didn't exist." Biography Carta al Pueblo Innu Chiapas and Indigenous People Comunicado de Rigoberta Menchu ... UN - Indigenous Women's Rights During the 1970s and 1980s in Guatemala, tensions between the descendants of European immigrants and the native Indian population increased. In 1981, because of her activism, she had to leave Guatemala and flee to Mexico, where she organized peasants' resistance movements and was co-founder of the United Representation of the Guatemalan Opposition (RUOG). Through her life story, which was published as

30. Indigenous Women Are Being Marginalized Nevertheless, she said, it is inconceivable that even in guatemala, We indigenous peoples have given our opinions at every one of these phases, http://www.indians.org/welker/menchu7.htm

Indigenous Women Are Being Marginalized Indigenous Women Are Being Marginalized Indigenous Women Are Being Marginalized at the Beijing Conference by Rosa Rojas "It's a fact that the immense majority of the organizations that planned the Beijing World Congress (on Women) have marginalized indigenous women," claimed the Nobel Peace Prize laureate Rigoberta Menchu, who estimated that because of this, "indigenous women will not be taken into account in the women's agenda." In an interview with La Jornada, she warned that she will participate "with reservations" at the invitation of the UNESCO Director Federico Mayor in an event during which, in the company of some First Ladies and other personalities, a call will be made today (Monday, September 4) for a full and decentralized education for women at this end of the millennium. Nevertheless, she underlined, "I don't represent anyone...I don't think that because of my participation, indigenous women have participated" or been given a "worthy place" in the preparatory meetings for Beijing. She refered to the fact that she, like other indigenous women, exhorted that this situation be corrected, especially at the Mar de Plata Conference of 1994, when "I made a call, a petition, and thought that it was understood I didn't want to participate in the Mar de la Plata meeting because I thought the absence of indigenous women could not be justified just because Rigoberta Menchu participated and gave a message."

31. TVE: Human Rights Catalogue '98 In guatemala, it is estimated that indigenous peoples may earn as little as a Perhaps the most important thing in guatemala is that indigenous peoples, http://www.tve.org/humanrights/doc.cfm?aid=374

32. Recent Developments In The ILO Concerning Indigenous And Tribal Peoples - Intern In guatemala the major aim of the project is to train indigenous organizations As a contribution to the consolidation of indigenous and tribal peoples http://www.ilo.org/public/english/standards/norm/whatare/stndards/ind_tech.htm

International Labour Standards Home What are international labour standards? International Labour Standards according to the classified guide > Recent Developments in the ILO concerning indigenous and tribal peoples Recent Developments in the ILO concerning indigenous and tribal peoples Ratifications The ILO is responsible for two international Conventions concerning indigenous and tribal peoples. They are Convention No. 107 of 1957 concerning Indigenous and Tribal Populations , and Convention No. 169 of 1989 concerning Indigenous and Tribal Peoples . Although Convention No. 107 contains a strong protective element, it was revised because its provisions are now considered outdated because of its rather integrationist approach. However, it remains in force for 20 countries, and is often the only element of international protection available. Convention No. 169, which revised Convention No. 107, has been ratified by 13 countries: Bolivia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Denmark, Ecuador, Fiji, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Norway, Netherlands, Paraguay and Peru. Ratification of this Convention is currently under active consideration in a number of other countries. Technical assistance The practical influence of the ILO Conventions, and in particular Convention No. 169, goes well beyond the number of ratifications. The ILO is heavily involved in technical assistance. To facilitate these efforts within the UN system, inter-agency meetings are held to coordinate technical work among the concerned UN-system organizations and relevant donors. These meetings, held regularly since 1991 and arranged alternatively by the Centre for Human Rights and the ILO, have strengthened inter-agency understanding and cooperation of the different programmes affecting indigenous and tribal peoples.

33. OHCHR - Guatemala guidelines on the human rights for the indigenous peoples of guatemala, andin conducting workshops for indigenous communities and NGOs on human rights http://www.unhchr.ch/html/menu2/5/guatemala.htm

Human Rights Field Presence in Guatemala I. Contact data Head: Birgit Gerstenberg Project Coordinator Address: 13 calle 3-40, Zona 10 Edificio Torre Granito (MINUGUA) 6, Nivel Blvd. Los Proceres 18-67, Zona 10 Guatemala City Phone: Mobile: (502) 708 99 27 Fax: E-mail: birgit.gerstenberg@undp.org II. Terms of reference / Legal authority The Office was established as part of a technical co-operation project ( GUA/96/AH/13 ) signed by OHCHR with the Government of Guatemala in 1996. The office's mandate concluded in September 2000. A final evaluation mission was carried out in June 2000. A new project document was signed with the Government of Guatemala in August 2001. The project was revised in 2002 and in 2003. In December 2003 an agreement was signed with Government of Guatemala to establish a new office with a monitoring mandate. III. Functions and mandate

34. Just Earth! The dirty war A legacy of genocide against indigenous peoples. Over the years,the indigenous peoples of guatemala have learned to expect very little from http://www.amnestyusa.org/justearth/indigenous_people/guatemala.html

@import "/c/ai.css"; Amnesty International USA learn latest news countries ... students search Just Earth! Guatemala "We hope for greater support to live as human beings. The rights of each and every one of us should not be violated; because we have an identity as people, we have that right. I also hope that this is recorded in a document so that the authorities take notice of the issue and human rights are respected." A survivor from the hamlet (Case 6009), Aldea Jolomar, Huehuetenango, 1993. "This situation should never happen again...But they should respect our rights as indigenous people; because I am indigenous, and I have my rights, and I have a voice to speak with." A survivor from the hamlet (Case 2176), Aldea Salquil, Nebaj, Quiche, 1980. "The eyes of the buried will close together on the day of justice, or they will never close." Miguel Angel Asturias, Guatemala's Nobel Laureate for Literature. (1) The dirty war: A legacy of genocide against Indigenous peoples Over the years, the Indigenous peoples of Guatemala have learned to expect very little from their government and judicial system. The justice system is corrupt; proceedings are rarely conducted in indigenous languages; furthermore, proceedings are unnecessarily lengthy and subject to obstruction and manipulation, and indigenous persons rarely have the resources to employ lawyers, to file various legal papers, or to make court appearances. In addition, those who seek justice are often victimized themselves. As a result, a climate of impunity continues to prevail in Guatemala for most human rights violations, including those perpetrated during the civil conflict, which lasted over a period of more than 30 years.

35. Introduction - The Human Rights Situation Of The Indigenous People In The Americ The other international approach to the rights of indigenous peoples, which isnot yet By decision of the General Assembly held in guatemala in 1999, http://www.cidh.oas.org/Indigenas/intro.htm

SITUATION OF THE HUMAN RIGHTS OF INDIGENOUS PERSONS AND PEOPLES IN THE AMERICAS INTRODUCTION To date, the rights of indigenous persons and peoples have not been specifically regulated in the basic instruments that govern the inter-American human rights system. In effect, neither the American Declaration on the Rights and Duties of Man nor the American Convention on Human Rights and its additional protocols or other inter-American human rights treaties contain provisions that develop indigenous rights. Indeed it is unusualindeed inexplicableto note that the only international instruments (treaties) on indigenous rights that exist have been codified not by the international human rights organs, but specifically by the International Labor Organization (ILO). There are two relevant conventions: Convention 107 and Convention 169. Convention 107 concerning the Protection and Integration of Indigenous and Tribal Populations and other Tribal and Semi-tribal Populations in Independent Countries (1957); and Convention 169 on Indigenous and Tribal Peoples in Independent Countries (1989). Convention 169 is a revision of Convention 107, with a much more progressive approach to the indigenous peoples, in which the value of that which is properly indigenous is accorded priority, setting forth provisions on the elimination of discrimination; respect for the culture and institutions of the indigenous peoples, including their forms of government and customary law, with special attention to the provisions of criminal law; indigenous territories and lands; and form of social investment in indigenous populations, work, health, education, and culture.

36. Indigenous Peoples Declaration Against Of United States Invasion Of Iraq The representatives of the indigenous peoples of the Americas gathered during the guatemala Abya Yala Nexus USA. Bachillerato Integral Comunitario Ayujk http://www.freepeltier.org/indigenous_declaration.htm

A Call to Action! Indigenous Peoples Declaration Against the United States Invasion of Iraq Submitted to NativeNews by: Elsbeth Vocat Ottawa - Canada - (Posted on Apr-01-2003) The representatives of the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas gathered during the second Annual Forum of Connectivity in Ottawa, Canada on March 24-26, 2003 and expressed the following: This genocide is a crime against humanity and violates international law as well as human and legal rights. This is a criminal invasion and it is killing innocent children, women and the elderly. It lacks any kind of legitimacy and cannot be justified as it violates all declarations to live in peace. It violates the self determination and sovereignty of peoples and the consensus reached by most states represented in the United Nations. The representatives of the Indigenous Peoples of the Americas strongly request that all those responsible for these criminal acts be brought to the International War Crimes Court and be condemned internationally. We urge the United Nations to call for an emergency meeting of the Security Council to condemn the United States government, and its allies decision to go to war and we call for an immediate cease fire, while re-establishing diplomacy to end this conflict. Furthermore, we reject any new government imposed by the United States as it will only justify its presence in Iraq to protect its own geo- political and geo-economic interests.

37. The Terms “indigenous Peoples,” “indigenous Ethnic Minorities,” “tribal Gro Although there are vast differences among indigenous peoples, For example,in guatemala, more than 80% of girls and women living in rural areas are http://pf.convio.com/pf/pubs/focus/IN FOCUS/Indigenous.htm

Reaching Indigenous Youth with Reproductive Health Information and Services February 1999 The terms "indigenous peoples," "indigenous ethnic minorities," "tribal groups," and "scheduled tribes," describe social groups with a social and cultural identity distinct from the dominant society that makes them vulnerable to being disadvantaged in the development process. World Bank, 19911 Why Focus on the Indigenous? Indigenous people are found throughout the world. The United Nations estimates that more than 300 million indigenous people live in more than 70 countries. Most indigenous groups share the demographic profile of developing countries where youth, defined as those aged 10 to 24 years, comprise the largest segment of the population. In addition, these groups tend to be poor, rural, and left out of the process of economic development. Although there are vast differences among indigenous peoples, all have a traditional culture that is distinct from the national culture of their country; some may identify with an ethnic group with ties to an historical homeland. What Are the Special Challenges in Working with Indigenous Youth?

38. ResearchChannel: Programs Role of indigenous People in a Democratic guatemala, The. The Role of indigenousPeople in a Democratic guatemala. A leading advocate of indigenous peoples http://www.researchchannel.org/program/displayevent.asp?rid=1032

39. Choike : Indigenous Peoples . ILRC is dedicated to the protection of indigenous peoples’ human rights, guatemala. Aymara Net. The site has information about social activism, http://www.choike.org/nuevo_eng/4/34/links.html

var category = '4'; var subcategory = '34'; Directory NGO sites This site Directory In-depth Reports Campaigns News ... CONTACT Categorias(category); SubCategorias(category,subcategory); Indigenous Peoples recommended Indian Law Resource Center ILRC is dedicated to the protection of indigenous peoples’ human rights, cultures, and traditional lands. The Center provides legal and technical support to indigenous communities working on these issues. Tebtebba Tebtebba Foundation is committed to the recognition, protection and promotion of indigenous peoples' rights worldwide. Kaitiaki - Maori Environmental and Heritage Guardians The site works on behalf of whanau, hapu and iwi, particularly on environment and resource management issues. New Zealand. NGO sites Ak'Tenamit Organization dedicated to reduce poverty in the rain forests of eastern Guatemala. Aldet Centre - Saint Lucia Organization established for the purpose of promoting strategic studies, human rights and democratic development in Saint Lucia (Hiwanaru). Amanaka'a Amazon Network Organization dedicated to support the peoples of the Amazon Rainforest. Brazil.

40. Indigenous Peoples And The Millennium Development Goals Bolivia and guatemala, countries with indigenous peoples composing 50 percent ormore of indigenous peoples and PovertyThe Cases of Bolivia, guatemala, http://www.tebtebba.org/tebtebba_files/ipr/mdg.html

Indigenous peoples and the Millennium Development Goals by Victoria Tauli-Corpuz Back E-mail Us Bottom of Page This paper was submitted to the 4th Session of the UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues, New York, 16-27 May 2005, Agenda item 3 of the provisional agenda. Economic and Social Council, Dist.:GENERAL March 2005, Original: ENGLISH I f the MDG Development aggression Poverty Situation of Indigenous Peoples One conclusion is that the poverty map in the region coincides with indigenous peoples territories. A subsequent study in the region conducted by the Inter-American Development Bank came up with similar conclusions and observations: alarming conditions of extreme poverty and marginality. Statistics in Guatemala show that 50 to 60 per cent of a total population of 11 million belong to 23 indigenous peoples. Of these number, 54.3 per cent of them are poor and 22.8 per cent extremely poor. Sixty per cent of households do not have the capacity to earn half of the cost of their minimum food needs despite spending a greater part of their earnings on it. Eight out of every ten indigenous children in this country live in poverty according to the indicators published in the 2001 Human Development Report The Asian Development Bank also undertook a study in 2002 on the poverty situation of indigenous peoples and ethnic minorities in Vietnam, the Philippines, Cambodia and Indonesia. This study could not establish trends in the relationship between poverty and ethnicity because there is a lack of disaggregated and data based on ethnicity. However, in the case of Vietnam such disaggregated data is available. The finding is that the worst poverty situation in Vietnam is among the ethnic minorities

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