101. COLORADO RENEWABLE ENERGY SOCIETY - Hydropower Currently, about 10% of US electricity comes from hydropower. While this energy source is clean and renewable, with no emissions, hydroelectric dams do have http://www.cres-energy.org/techbasics/hydropower_div1.html

Energy Efficiency Green Buildings Biomass Geothermal Hydropower Solar Energy Wind Energy Hydrogen HYDROPOWER Hydroelectric Power More Information on Hydropower Hydroelectric Power The energy in flowing water has been used by humans for thousands of years. The ancient Greeks fashioned water wheels to grind grain, and the pull of gravity on water, effectively harnessed in hydroelectric facilities, has served as a reliable source of power for commercial and industrial activities in modern times. The twentieth century brought great technological innovations to the electric business, and dozens of dams captured the flow of some of America's largest rivers. The US Bureau of Reclamation built facilities across the country, most notably the western states, and the electricity, water, and recreational opportunities provided by those dams fueled much of the population and economic growth of that region. Currently, about 10% of U.S. electricity comes from hydropower. While this energy source is clean and renewable, with no emissions, hydroelectric dams do have substantial impacts on river ecosystems. These large concrete structures block the natural flow of the water, preventing seasonal flooding, but also upsetting plant and animal life that depends on those annual cycles for life-giving nutrients. Fish that depend on unimpeded access to upper reaches of waterways for reproduction are blocked from spawning in their traditional areas, threatening their survival. In addition, massive amounts of sediment have backed up behind America's dams in the past 50 years, reducing their capacity and concentrating various pollutants in very deep water that will be difficult to remove. While there are solutions to some of these problems, such as fish ladders beside dam spillways, new approaches such as micro-hydro projects with minimal environmental impacts have been the technologies of choice for the sustainable use of the world's hydro resources.

102. New Rules Project - Democratic Energy - DG Technology Spotlight: Micro Hydropowe hydropower capturing and converting energy from flowing water - is currently the largest source of renewable power in the United States. http://www.newrules.org/de/archives/000037.html

Home Page Why New Rules? What's New Here Search the Site ... Syndicate this site Powered by Movable Type 2.661 e-Mail this page to a Friend! Previous Story Home Page ... Next Story January 31, 2005 DG Technology Spotlight: Micro Hydropower Small-scale and micro hydropower technologies are helping bring distributed electricity generation to remote areas around the world. The impacts on the environment are negligible and the economics are competitive. The worldwide market potential is fairly small in terms of overall megawatts (MWs) but for those locations without power today, a new micro-hydro system can make a tremendous difference in people's lives. The International Small Hydro Atlas provides a nice definition of the various sizes of hydropower projects: There is no International consensus on the definition of small hydropower. In Canada 'small' can refer to upper limit capacities of between 20 and 25 MW, in the United States 'small' can mean 30 MW, however, a value of up to 10 MW total capacity is becoming generally accepted. Small hydro can be further subdivided into mini hydro (usually defined as <500 kW) and micro hydro ( <100 kW).

103. Hydropower Future Opportunities hydropower is a component of a national energy strategy that seeks to rely on clean, efficient, and safe energy sources. http://www.fws.gov/habitatconservation/hydropower.htm

Hydropower Licensing Hydropower in the United States can generate enough electricity for 28 million households, the equivalent of nearly 500 million barrels of oil - or approximately 7 percent of the Nation's electricity needs. Hydro is the Nation's leading renewable energy resource and is free of greenhouse gas emissions. It has long been a dependable source of electricity and serves a vital role in the Nation's energy portfolio. Approximately 54 percent of the hydropower produced in the United States is licensed by the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission. FERC authorizes the initial construction of non-Federal hydropower projects and reconsiders licenses every 30 to 50 years. The remainder is produced by the Federal Government, largely by the Corps of Engineers, the Tennessee Valley Authority and the Department of the Interior's Bureau of Reclamation. Hydropower is not free of environmental impacts, and while it is an important source of energy, hydropower projects need to include environmentally sound measures that provide for the protection and enhancement of the Nation's natural resources. The Fish and Wildlife Service conserves, protects, and enhances fish and wildlife resources through a variety of programs, including environmental review of Federal and non-Federal hydropower licenses, to incorporate appropriate environmental protection and enhancement measures. Regulatory History Environmental Issues Service Expertise Service Involvement ... Examples of Accomplishments Future Opportunities - Hydropower is a component of a national energy strategy that seeks to rely on clean, efficient, and safe energy sources. To meet this need, hydropower projects designed in an environmentally sound manner will ensure that the Nations natural resources are protected. The Service continues to work with licensees, applicants, FERC, and other agencies in the design and licensing of hydropower projects. The public also has a role in this process. Comprehensive watershed planning in cooperation with State and local agencies and private organizations are essential to the future conservation and development of the Nations rivers and fish and wildlife resources.

104. RUSAL To Build Aluminium Smelter And Hydropower Station With RAO Unified Energy Aluminium Smelter and hydropower Station with RAO Unified energy Systems. RAO Unified energy Systems of Russia and RUSAL have today announced the http://www.azom.com/details.asp?newsID=3482

105. Africanfront.com (AUF) Renewable energy sources include biomass, hydropower and ethanol. Nonrenewable includes thermal power, coal, petroleum and natural gas. http://www.africanfront.com/energy1.php

African Unification Front HOME AUF STRUCTURE AUF IDEOLOGY AUF PROVISIONS ... URGENT ACTION ALERT printable version HYDROELECTRIC ENERGY SHARING ENERGY IN THE AFRICAN UNION The African Union has 40% of the total world hydroelectric potential. However, the current electric energy needs are not being met in some of the larger industrial districs. In recent years power shortages have become more common in Lagos, and Nairobi, two of the largest industrial centres in Africa. Howerever, power distribution and better management of hydro-electric dams of Akosombo (Ghana) and Owen (Uganda) could resolve the shortage. Akosombo Hydroelectric Dam The simple solution to the hydro-electric energy shortages is in sharing between communities. Although this process is well underway, it needs more consistent and systematic structures of administrative and financial support. The most notable achievement in this regard is the establishment of the Southern African Power Pool (SAPP) in 1993 which was signed by all SADC countries in 1995. The SAPP aims at providing electricity to all SADC countries in an environmentally sound manner and also focuses at drawing hydropower from the Inga Hydropower plant which has a potential of generating up to 100,000MW using the natural flow of the Congo River to turn turbines.

106. The UN World Water Development Report | Facts And Figures | Water And Energy 85% of energy used by households (cooking and heating) hydropower Electricity generation using the power of falling water, through dams and reservoirs. http://www.unesco.org/water/wwap/facts_figures/water_energy.shtml

Home to Water Portal About the Water Portal IHP - International Hydrological Programme - National Committees ... - by type of organization Choose a language English Home About Challenges Case Studies ... Contact us WATER AND ENERGY Targets Agenda 2, (Chapter 14, No.14.95 c) Intensify research and the development, diversification and conservation of energy, taking into account the need for efficient use and environmentally sound technology. World Summit on Sustainable Development, Plan of Implementation (II.8) Take joint actions and improve efforts to work together at all levels to improve access to reliable and affordable energy services for sustainable development sufficient to facilitate the achievement of the millennium development goals, including the goal of halving the proportion of people in poverty by 2015. Deployment of hydropower This table shows the current and projected deployment of hydropower throughout the world. It is set to expand in all regions, in particular in Africa, Asia and Latin America, where the potential for development is greatest. Location Market area Current deployment in 1995 (TWh/year) Estimated deployment in 2010 (TWh/year) World Large hydro Small hydro Total hydro EU + EFTA Large hydro Small hydro Total hydro CEE Large hydro Small hydro Total hydro CIS Large hydro Small hydro Total hydro NAFTA Large hydro Small hydro Total hydro OECD Pacific Large hydro Small hydro Total hydro Mediterranean Large hydro Small hydro Total hydro Africa Large hydro Small hydro Total hydro Middle East Large hydro Small hydro Total hydro

107. The Journal Times Online hydropower holds promise for energy s future CONTACTS American Wind energy Association, http//www.awea.org National hydropower Association, http://www.journaltimes.com/articles/2005/07/30/family/iq_3601753.txt

Subscriber Services About Us Staff Directory Job Openings ... Print this story Hydropower holds promise for energy's future By None Dear EarthTalk: Aside from wind power, which seems to be gaining in acceptance, what are some other promising sources of non-polluting renewable energy? - Bianca Hoffman, Bridgeport, CT Wind power certainly has been in the news lately, with wind farms sprouting up across America from California to the Atlantic seaboard. By the end of 2004, U.S. wind capacity neared 6,800 megawatts, enough to power 1.5 million homes every year. And new projects now in the works will add at least 3,000 megawatts of capacity over the next five years, according to the American Wind Energy Association. But while wind may be getting most of the headlines nowadays, hydropower - energy generated from water flowing through turbines in dams - is still king of renewables. Globally, hydropower generates 20 percent of the world's electricity. In Canada, which is the world's largest generator of hydropower, more than 60 percent of the electricity produced comes from the power of water. Norway gets almost 99 percent of its electricity from hydropower, and New Zealand is close behind at 75 percent. In the United States about 10 percent of all electricity - enough to power 35 million homes every year - comes from hydropower. But although hydropower does not generate pollution, per se, it has hurt salmon populations on both U.S. coasts, and often ruins habitat for wildlife and people alike. In China and India, large controversial dam projects have flooded huge areas of land and forced the relocation of whole communities of people.

108. RedNova News - Space - Space Shows Way To Renewable Energy Future More than half of Scandinavia?s energy comes from hydropower. hydropower. Currently supplying around one fifth of the world?s energy needs, hydropower http://www.rednova.com/news/space/15837/space_shows_way_to_renewable_energy_futu

ANDP("ntn"); Ads_kid=0;Ads_bid=0;Ads_xl=0;Ads_yl=0;Ads_xp='';Ads_yp='';Ads_xp1='';Ads_yp1='';Ads_opt=0;Ads_wrd='[KeyWord]';Ads_prf='';Ads_par='';Ads_cnturl='';Ads_sec=0;Ads_channels=''; Home News Video Images ... Site Map SPECIAL NEWS Return to Flight REDNOVA NEWS Space Science Technology Health ... Video News REDNOVA EXTRAS RedNova E-Mail My RedNova Join RedNova RSS Feeds ... Tell A Friend, Win $500 Ads by Google Posted on: Thursday, 31 July 2003, 06:00 CDT E-mail this to a friend Printable version Discuss this story in the forum Change Font Size: A A A Space Shows Way to Renewable Energy Future Click to enlarge View to Klettwitz, eastern Germany, 80 miles south of Berlin, Europe' s most powerful and biggest area for wind power plants. Credits: AP Photo-Matthias Rietschel European Space Agency How can we more effectively harness the free and endless energy resources of the Sun, wind and water? One answer is orbiting above us. Satellites provide us with a wide variety of data that can help with many aspects of the building and management of renewable energy plants. ESA recently held a workshop at its Frascati-based centre in Italy, attended by representatives of the Earth Observation (EO) service industry together with renewable energy companies and utilities to explore how satellite data can be exploited in this area.

109. Hydropower: Using A River To Create Energy The flow of a river creates massive energy. The story of hydropower in America is the story of taking this massive natural force of energy and harnessing it http://ali.apple.com/ali_sites/ali/exhibits/1001570/

Apple Learning Interchange Digital Learning Events Virtual Field Trips Lewis and Clark Series ... Site Map Search Virtual Field Trip: Hydropower: Using a River to Create Energy INTRODUCTION Original Broadcast Date: April 14, 2005 Click the video button to the right to watch the content on this page. Click the button to the left to launch a larger version of the video in QuickTime Player. You may wish to use this version when projecting for classroom use. The video may take as much as 60 seconds to begin. Rivers were an essential part of the expedition. The flow of a river creates massive energy. The story of hydropower in America is the story of taking this massive natural force of energy and harnessing it to create electrical power for millions of people. Join us from Garrison Dam in North Dakota and learn how dams are built, how their technology creates electricity, and how that electricity gets from the dam to the light switch in your home. Join experts from the United States Army Corps of Engineers as we investigate these scientific questions. Contents of the Broadcast: Opening to 4:05Introduction, welcome, information on today’s location, orientation to today's topic, introduction of guest experts

110. SWEDEN.SE - Sweden’s Renewable Energy Resources Altogether, renewable energy in the form of hydropower and biofuels Geothermal, solar and wind energy and hydropower do not contribute at all to carbon http://www.sweden.se/templates/cs/Article____8796.aspx

Fran§ais Deutsch Espa±ol Other languages Thu 22 Sep 2005 17:39 GMT +2 Home News About Sweden Links ... Search About Sweden Sweden in Brief Articles General Information Fact sheets ... Films Search Search Advanced Search Publisher: Swedish Institute Published: 14 Jan 2005 Contents: Swedish energy and environmental policy Hydropower Bioenergy Wind power ... Print version Sweden’s renewable energy resources by Staffan Bengtsson Sweden is richly endowed with renewable energy, including large resources of biofuels, water and wind power. The Gulf Stream in the Atlantic makes the climate warmer than it otherwise would be and helps propel low pressure areas across the Scandinavian peninsula. These low pressure areas cause precipitation, which makes the forests grow. Nearly half the country is covered with forests and altitude differences in the Scandinavian mountain chain and elsewhere, together with precipitation, make Swedish hydropower possible. Energy and electricity have played a major role in facilitating the economic development of Sweden. This applies not only to the country’s manufacturing sector, but also to the creation of a good standard of comfort in buildings and elsewhere. Altogether, renewable energy in the form of hydropower and biofuels accounts for almost as large a percentage of

111. JustEnergy: Protecting People And The Environment The consumer protest component allows Xcel energy consumers to protest their Xcel energy, regulators, and legislators to set standards for hydropower http://www.justenergy.org/

JustEnergy Updates - Spotlight Site A documentary film about hydroelectric power and its impact on the lives of thousands of Aboriginal people in northern Manitoba. The families of Northern Canada pay the price and United States families get the benefits of electricity. Is that good for business? Is that good for our families? News Update Ottawa says Hydro dams hurting lake/ Utility warned of problem 4 years ago - Winnipeg Free Press, July 11, 2005 Mayor, chief to block spillway-opening plan - Winnipeg Free Press, September 2, 2005 More recent news... Notable Highlights Comments on Xcel Energy's monitoring and reporting of the Northern Flood Agreement - Minnesotans for an Energy-Efficient Economy and the University of Minnesota's Human Rights Center Experimenting with Hydroelectric Reservoirs - Researchers created reservoirs in Canada to explore the impacts of hydroelectric development on greenhouse gas and methylmercury production. Hydro defends huge lobbying, public relations bill in U.S.

112. Virginia DEQ: P2/VISE/Hydropower hydropower or hydroelectric power is a renewable and reliable energy source that serves hydropower is created from the kinetic energy of falling water. http://www.deq.state.va.us/p2/vise/hydropower.html

Commonwealth of Virginia Web Policy Governor of Virginia Contact Us ... VISE Home email: Keith Boisvert Hydropower Hydropower or hydroelectric power is a renewable and reliable energy source that serves national environmental and energy policy objectives. Twenty percent of all electricity in the world is produced by hydropower. The United States is the second largest producer of hydropower; Canada is the largest. Hydropower is created from the kinetic energy of falling water. The energy is then converted into electricity via turbine (which can be as large as 800 megawatts). Of the more than 70,000 existing significant dams in the United States, 2,400 are being utilized for hydropower. Hydropower is an emissions-free, renewable and reliable energy source. Hydropower's fuel-water is essentially infinite and is not depleted in the production of energy. As a source of energy, hydropower excels at preserving the stability and reliability of the electrical grid due to its unique operating characteristics.

113. Sierra Solar http://www.sierrasolar.com/ss3/solar_energy/

Solar Energy Information Page from SierraSolar.com active solar system active solar systems alternate energy alternate energy source ... wind energy Geothermal and solar energy are considered renewable energy resources since it is so vast as to be inexhaustible. And hydropower energy-using the energy of water in rivers-can also be a source of renewable energy. This solar energy site explores the uses of renewable energy that produce electricity except for hydropower energy, which is not included. Solar energy technological developments since the early 1970s have made renewable energy technologies affordable in many situations. Assuming that your state has a suitable resource, there are several reasons to consider including renewable energy technologies in your state's energy investment portfolio. Our Online Catalog! solarjon@sierrasolar.com

114. Sierra Solar http://www.sierrasolar.com/ss1/hydropower/

Hydropower Information Page from SierraSolar.com hydropower energy advantage of hydropower hydropower generator small hydropower The hydropower options for home scale micro-hydroelectric systems are very limited. A few companies will custom design and build a hydropower system, assuming you have a high enough head. But their hydropower systems are not really designed for the single home site. The price is very high! The Alternate Energy Sourcebook published by the Real Goods Trading Corporation offers two hydroelectric systems. Both of these systems are designed to operate on a minimum head of 20 feet and 100 gallons of water flow per minute. The "standard" output is 400 watts @ 12 Volts Direct Current or 700 watts @ 24 Volts Direct Current. In their book they site the following as a "typical" installation. Our Online Catalog! solarjon@sierrasolar.com

115. People S Daily Online China Gives Priority To Hydropower In A website by the People s Daily newspaper; China, business, world, science, education, sports news. http://english.people.com.cn/200411/30/eng20041130_165645.html

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