81. Uganda: Breaking The Circle: Protecting Human Rights In The Northern War Zone - This report looks at the issue of continuing human rights violations committed (9) International Covenant on civil and Political rights, 21 June 1995; http://web.amnesty.org/library/Index/ENGAFR590011999?open&of=ENG-UGA target=

82. East Bay Funders - Int'l, Peace And Civil Rights Elderly Environment Animals Health human Social Services International, Peace civil rights International, Peace and civil rights http://www4.compasspoint.org/p.asp?WebPage_ID=813

83. Human Rights Today - Human Rights News human rights Today News provides latest World News and archive from the most comprehensive Iran can play effective role in solving intl. problems Anna http://archive.wn.com/2005/07/18/1400/humanrightstoday/

Archived Page from Monday 18 July, 2005 Click here to read today's edition Search the World News Network Any Language Afrikaans Czech Danish Dutch English Finnish French German Hausa Hungarian Indonesian Italian Malay Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Slovak Spanish Swahili Swedish Tagalog Turkish Advanced Search Crime Racism Refugees ... Sitemap REGIONAL WN Africa WN Asia WN Australasia WN Caribbean ... WN Politics LANGUAGE WN Languages SCIENCE WN Education WN Environment ... WN Toolbar RELATED SITES Amnesty International Asian Human Rights Commission B'Tselem, Israeli Info Center for Human Rights Global Rights ... BOOKMARK THIS PAGE! MAKE THIS PAGE YOUR HOMEPAGE! WN TOOLBAR! Breaking News Mon, 18 Jul 2005 Cricket N Zealand Photos Protest ... Zimbabwe BBC News NZ government resists ban calls Economy Islam Photos ... Poverty Arab News Save Muslims From Poverty The Guardian 6/7: the massacre of the poor that the world ignored When terror strikes western capitals, it doesn't just blast bodies and buildings, it also blasts other sites of suffering off the media map. A massacre of Iraqi children, blown up while taking sweets ... (photo: Shaul Schwarz/Getty Images) Caribbean Haiti Human Rights Photos ... UN The Times Peace deal set to end 29-year rebellion Aceh Defence Indonesia ... Headlines Times Union Africa must adopt the golden rule Africa Aid Aids ... Photos Swissinfo English U.S. says no abuse of Australian Guantanamo prisoners

84. Curriculum Vitae April 1972 December 1975 Legal Adviser, Northern Ireland civil rights of human rights in National and International Law, 25 Ga. J. Int l Comp. http://fletcher.tufts.edu/faculty/hannum/RESUME.htm

85. The U.S. Human Rights Report -- Its Roots (This is the first of two backgrounders on the original US human rights report, The US civil rights movement had convinced a majority of Americans that http://japan.usembassy.gov/e/p/tp-20040224-02.html

Home American Citizen Services Visas to the U.S. American Centers Topic Index U.S. Politics Press Releases Ambassador Baker By Region Japan dummytitle Iraq dummytitle Korea dummytitle China dummytitle Afghanistan dummytitle Middle East dummytitle Security Issues Terror dummytitle Arms Control dummytitle Depleted Uranium dummytitle United Nations dummytitle Summits dummytitle Economic Issues Intl. Trade dummytitle Investment dummytitle Anti-corruption dummytitle IP dummytitle Global Affairs Human Rights dummytitle Health dummytitle Women dummytitle Children dummytitle Monthly Archive Consulates Osaka dummytitle Nagoya dummytitle Fukuoka dummytitle Sapporo dummytitle Naha dummytitle American Centers Tokyo dummytitle Kansai dummytitle Nagoya dummytitle Fukuoka dummytitle Sapporo dummytitle The U.S. Human Rights Report Its Roots By David Pitts Washington File Special Correspondent (This is the first of two backgrounders on the original U.S. human rights report, which was issued in 1977.) Washington On February 25, the United States will release its annual human rights report on conditions in the year 2003 in 196 countries. The first report on human rights conditions in 1976 covered just 82 countries. Since then the reports have grown in depth as well as breadth. The U.S. commitment to human rights monitoring and reporting is rooted in the international human rights movement that grew rapidly in the years after World War II. The colossal loss of life in that war an estimated 50 million people fostered a determination to build a new world structure that would elevate fundamental rights and freedoms to a much more prominent position in world affairs and hold human rights violators responsible for their actions.

86. Soka Gakkai Int'l Exhibits: HUMAN RIGHTS-HISTORY Many specific civil rights and human rights movements affected social changes, which included Mahatma Gandhi s movement to free his native India from http://www.sokagakkai.info/sgi-exhibits/JINKEN_HIS.html

Mahatma Gandhi From: King Ashoka, Mahatma Gandhi and Nehru-Healing Touch The Development of Human Rights Concepts "Human rights" can generally be defined as those rights that are inherent in our nature and without which we cannot live as human beings. The idea is essentially the product of 17th and 18th century European thought. Until the 17th century, establishing a framework for such rules as laws and codes emphasized duties and privileges that arose from people's status or relationships. In 1948, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights was adopted by the UN, which is regarded as among the greatest 20th century statements on "natural" or human rights. Many nations have started to incorporate rights into their national constitutions. However, human rights activism remains largely tied to political and religious groups and beliefs. In the late 20th century, human rights issues varied, which included slavery, serfdom, brutal working condition, starvation wages, child labor, and racial discrimination. Many specific civil rights and human rights movements affected social changes, which included Mahatma Gandhi's movement to free his native India from British rule and the U.S. civil rights movement aimed at eliminating racial discrimination, in addition to Nelson Mandela's antiapartheid struggle in South Africa. Soka Gakkai

87. William A. Schabas, Sentencing By International Tribunals: A Human Rights Approa 260 The International Covenant on civil and Political rights actually As human rights tribunals, the ad hoc tribunals should be aware that they are http://www.law.duke.edu/journals/djcil/articles/djcil7p461.htm

[*pg 461] SENTENCING BY INTERNATIONAL TRIBUNALS: A HUMAN RIGHTS APPROACH WILLIAM A. SCHABAS I. INTRODUCTION II. RELEVANT PROVISIONS OF THE STATUTES AND THE RULES III. "GENERAL PRACTICE" IN SENTENCING ... FOOTNOTES I. Introduction The post-World War II trials established many important principles. Specifically, they defined crimes against humanity as part of customary law or of general principles of law, rendered unavailable certain defenses such as superior orders, and established notions of criminal participation through the principle of command responsibility. However, the international tribunals at Nuremberg and Tokyo, and the successor trials held by various national military tribunals in the aftermath of World War II, left few sentencing guidelines applicable to cases of war crimes and crimes against humanity. Despite contrary procedures before British military tribunals, the international and American military tribunals appeared to have no practice of holding distinct hearings to address matters concerning the sanction once guilt had been established. The tribunals occasionally appended a perfunctory final paragraph to their judgments reviewing "mitigating factors" in the rare cases where these were deemed to be present.

88. Project DIANA : Harris V. Garner: Statement Of Interests Of Amici, Table Of Cont J. Int l L. 1 (1992), and Enforcing International human rights Law, 19 Whittier L. Saito s publications include Beyond civil rights Considering Third http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/diana/harris/110998-1.htm

Harris v. Garner: Statement of Interests of Amici, Table of Contents, Citations STATEMENT OF INTERESTS OF THE AMICI Law Professors Joan Fitzpatrick et al. respectfully request leave to file a Statement Amicus Curiae in the above styled action. Amici are interested in questions of statutory construction as they relate to binding norms of international law in the United States. The District Court's ruling, which unwittingly contravenes these norms, is of great concern to amici. Amici are professors of law expert in the fields of statutory construction, international law and the application of international law by the courts of the United States, as more particularly set forth below. The views of jurists on points of international law are taken into account when such questions arise in U.S. courts. See, e.g., The Paquete Habana, 175 U.S. 677, 700 (1900); United States v. Smith, 18 U.S. 153, 160-61 (1820). Joan Fitzpatrick, is Professor of Law and Foundation Scholar, University of Washington. Prof. Fitzpatrick has published numerous articles on the subject of international human rights law, including International Human Rights Law in U.S. Courts: A Comparative Perspective, 14 Mich. J. Int'l L. 1 (1992), and Enforcing International Human Rights Law, 19 Whittier L. Rev. 267 (1997). Gregory H. Fox is Senior Fellow, Orville H. Schell, Jr. Center for International Human Rights at Yale Law School. Mr. Fox's publications include International Law Decisions in National Courts (with Thomas M. Franck) (1996).

89. Jackie G. Smith, Melissa Bolyard, And Anna Ippolito - Human Rights human rights practices civil liberties and political rights. See Charles Tilly, Globalization Threatens Labor s rights, 47 Int l Lab. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/human_rights_quarterly/v021/21.1smith.html

90. Robert McCorquodale And Richard Fairbrother - Globalization And See International Covenant on civil and Political rights, adopted 16 Dec. See William Felice, Militarism and human rights, 74 Int l Aff. London 30 http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/human_rights_quarterly/v021/21.3mccorquodale.html

91. SRI LANKA: Sri Lanka Urged To Fulfil Int'l Obligations Over Rights Protection SRI LANKA Sri Lanka urged to fulfil int l obligations over rights protection ON human rights 61st SESSION ITEM 11 civil AND POLITICAL rights http://www.alrc.net/pr/mainfile.php/2005pr/95/

Asian Legal Resource Centre - Press Releases Press Release Main Archives Search this Section Printer Friendly Version SRI LANKA: Sri Lanka urged to fulfil int'l obligations over rights protection PRESS RELEASE ALRC-PL-30-2005 Sri Lanka urged to fulfil int'l obligations over rights protection (Geneva, April 6, 2005) The Asian Legal Resource Centre (ALRC) has called on Sri Lanka to enact domestic legislation and procedures for carrying out its international obligations to protect human rights in the country. Without such mechanisms, Sri Lanka's ratifications of international rights treaties, including the Optional Protocol to the International Covenant on Civil Political Rights and the U.N. Convention against Torture, are just empty promises, the Hong Kong-based rights group said. Sri Lanka must take the necessary steps to enable the implementation of these international agreements in the country, the ALRC said in an oral statement to the 61st session of the United Nations Commission on Human Rights on Tuesday. "The state party should enact legislation to demonstrate respect for the Optional Protocol, otherwise such accessions are purely an exercise in external diplomacy without any meaning for the protection and improvement of human rights," ALRC spokesman Michael Anthony said.

92. GreenNet - Networking For The Environment, Peace, Human Rights And Development More about GreenNet s 18 years working for civil society, here. Judges face human rights shakeup. The Lord Chancellor said the proposed changes would http://www.gn.apc.org/

Search Code of Practice Calendar Web E-mail ... Bulletin board The GreenNet Educational Trust (GET) , registered charity number 1037080, is the parent charity of GreenNet Limited. GreenNet is a founding member of the Association for Progressive Communications. Share problems and solutions to ICT issues at the GreenNet Support Forums. You can go directly to the GreenNet Support Forums or go via the GreenNet support page GreenNet supports a progressive community working for Peace, the Environment, Gender Equality and Social Justice, through the use of Information Communication Technologies (ICTs). More about GreenNet's 18 years working for civil society, here... Data retention is no solution The European Digital Rights Initiative , a federation of European NGOs, has started an international campaign against the proposed retention of everyone's internet and phone logs. Data retention is currently being pushed forward by the UK, French and Swedish Governments despite having been rejected as incompatible with privacy and data protection rights by MEPs. GreenNet believes that blanket retention would inevitably be used to trace minor infringements and political activity, rather than being useful against a serious terrorist threat. The new petition calls on the European Commission to 'examine the proposal very critically in these difficult times'.

93. Exploitation Of Immigrants By Traffickers/Employers Resources : The Zero 5.0laf Report from human rights Watch, June 2000, regarding exploitation of child Staffed by the civil rights Division of the Task Force, a joint project http://www.vachss.com/help_text/exploitation.html

EXPLOITATION of IMMIGRANTS by TRAFFICKERS/EMPLOYERS These are Exploitation of Immigrants by Traffickers/Employers Resources. Please also see: Bonded Labor/Debt Bondage Human Organ Trafficking Human Trafficking ARTICLES/INFORMATION/RESEARCH (click here for Organizations/Agencies) 3 Charged in China Alien Smuggling The Associated Press , July 10, 2001 7 Convicted In Dutch Immigrant Truck Deaths The Associated Press , May 11, 2001 14 Immigrants Die in Arizona Desert The Associated Press , May 24, 2001 Alleged Immigrant Smuggler Could Get Death Sentence The Associated Press , May 30, 2001 Man Pleads Guilty to Smuggling Illegal Immigrants Across the Mexican Border Article from The Associated Press , October 18, 2001 Guide For 14 Illegal Immigrants Who Died In Desert Gets 16 Years In Prison The Arizona Republic , February 22, 2002 Abuse Rife at Nike's Indonesia Plants CNN, February 22, 2001 All Work, No Pay Newsday , June 13, 2002 Appeals Court Strips Prenatal Benefits for Illegal Immigrants The Associated Press , May 23, 2001 Botswanan Domestic Sues UN Diplomat for 'Involuntary Servitude' Village Voice , July 25-31, 2001 Death on the Job A series of articles from Newsday , July 2001, stemming from a 10-month investigation into work-related deaths among immigrants.

94. Document/Essai - Robert Howse, Makau Mutua - WTO: Protecting Human Rights In A G WTO Protecting human rights in the Global Economy Challenges for the World Trade J. INT L L. (forthcoming 2000/2). Return. 65 For the human rights http://www.ichrdd.ca/english/commdoc/publications/globalization/wtoRightsGlob.ht

Protecting Human Rights in a Global Economy Challenges for the World Trade Organization By Robert Howse and Makau Mutua The Authors Robert Howse is Professor at the University of Michigan Law School and a member of the faculty of the World Trade Institute, Bern, Switzerland. He has taught world trade law at the University of Toronto and Harvard Law School, and in the Academy of European Law, European University Institute, Florence. Among other works, he is the co-author of The Regulation of International Trade (second edition, 1999), author of Economic Union, Social Justice and Constitutional Reform (1991) and editor, The World Trading System: Critical Perspectives on the World Economy, vols.1-4 (1998). Makau Mutua is Professor of Law and Director of the Human Rights Center at the State University of New York at Buffalo School of Law. He holds a doctorate in law from Harvard Law School. He has taught law at Harvard Law School, SUNY Buffalo, the University of Puerto Rico School of Law and the University of Dar-es-salaam, Tanzania. He is the Chair of the Nairobi-based Kenya Human Rights Commission. He was Co-Chair of the 2000 Annual Meeting of the American Society of International Law. He sits on the boards of several international organizations and academic journals. He has written extensively on human rights and has consulted widely for the United Nations and NGOs. Preface Over the past decade, trade agreements have come under increased scrutiny from the public. More and more people peasants, trade unionists, human rights activists, small businesses, environmentalists, farmers, students and others are expressing concern about how trade agreements are affecting their lives. For all the talk of the benefits of globalization and its presumed contribution to economic growth, the undeniable reality is that globally, and within most countries, the gap between the rich and the poor is widening, and hundreds of millions of people are denied the basic human rights provided for by the United Nations. The creation of the World Trade Organization (WTO), outside the auspices of the UN, has aggravated many of civil society's concerns.

95. Human Rights ISCEPC (Int l Solidarity Committee for Ethiopian Prisoners of Conscience) Organized European Parliament s Resolution on human rights in Ethiopia (1992) http://www.ethiopians.com/hright.html

H uman R ights F iles P ertaining to E thiopia [A Service of EthCITA's Ethiopian E-Mail Distribution Network - EEDN Updates on HR in Ethiopia Ethiopian Prisoners of Conscience AI Reports ... Other HR Reports U pdates on Human Rights in Ethiopia February 23, 1998 - IFJ issues a statement on the death of Ato Abay Hailu of "Wolafen" magazine while under arrest February 13, 1998 - AAAS recognizes Professors Asrat and Alemayehu Teferra, Ethiopia's prominent prisoners of conscience and scientists. January 20, 1998 - IFJ's statement on recent government attacks on the Ethiopian press. January 20, 1998 - AKPAC issues appeal to the public on the recent arrest of its editorial board and the burning down of its headquarters in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. January 20, 1998 - ISCEPC's statement on the persecution of the press in Ethiopia January 1998 - Amnesty International's Annual Report on Ethiopia for 1997 December 9, 1997 - Statement of "Human Rights Watch" in the curtailment of human rights in Ethiopia December 1, 1997 - EHRCO issues report on Extra-judicial killing of Ato Tereffe Qumbi, Ato Tesfaye Kumisa and Captain Gudisa Insa [EHRCO Special Report 19] September 1997 - Resolution of European Parliament on Human Right conditions in Ethiopia.

96. Harvard Law School Clinical Advocacy Project In 1994, Cavallaro opened a joint office for human rights Watch and the Center for human rights Litigation in Brazil, 3 U. Chi. J. Int l L. 481 (2002). http://www.law.harvard.edu/programs/hrp/CAP/staff.html

Clinical Advocacy Project Supervisory Staff Clinical Director and Lecturer on Law James Cavallaro jcavalla@law.harvard.edu Clinical Instructor and Lecturer on Law Binaifer Nowrojee also serves as director of the Open Society Initiative for East Africa, a grant-making organization. After graduating from Columbia Law School, Nowrojee worked for leading human rights organizations, including Human Rights Watch, the Lawyers Committee for Human Rights, Amnesty International and the Swedish NGO Foundation for Human Rights. Nowrojee is the author of many articles and books on human rights, including the areas of humanitarian intervention, gender-based violations, and forced displacement. Her email address is: bnowrojee@post.harvard.edu

97. Amnesty International USA: Abolish The Death Penalty Death Penalty Defies International human rights Standards. The death penalty is a violation of human rights. More than half the countries in the world have http://www.amnestyusa.org/abolish/factsheets/international_h_r_standards.html

@import "/c/ai.css"; Amnesty International USA learn latest news countries ... students search Abolish the Death Penalty Death Penalty Defies International Human Rights Standards The death penalty is a violation of human rights. More than half the countries in the world have now abolished the death penalty in law or practice. The United Nations adopted without dissent the Universal Declaration of Human Rights ( UDHR . The Declaration proclaims the right of every individual to protection from deprivation of life. It states that no one shall be subjected to cruel or degrading punishment. The death penalty violates both of these fundamental rights. The UN adopted the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights ( ICCPR . Article 6 of the Covenant states that "no one shall be arbitrarily deprived of his life" and that the death penalty shall not be imposed on pregnant women or on those who were under the age of 18 at the time of the crime. Article 7 states that "no one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment." The UN Economic and Social Council (ECOSOC) adopted "Safeguards Guaranteeing Protection of the Rights of Those Facing the Death Penalty."

98. ReliefWeb » Document Preview » Sri Lanka Urged To Fulfil Int'l Obligations Ove Sri Lanka urged to fulfil int l obligations over rights protection In its response to the human rights Committee concerning the case of Mr. Nallaratnam http://www.reliefweb.int/rw/RWB.NSF/db900SID/VBOL-6B7GVN?OpenDocument

99. Nepal Under Close Watch For Rights Violations - Asia - Pacific - International H Local and international human rights monitors report what the top UN human rights envoy in As for the impartiality of National human rights Commission, http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/08/09/news/nepal.php

Subscribe to the newspaper ARTICLE TOOLS CHANGE FORMAT PRINT PAGE EMAIL ARTICLE Business Asia by Bloomberg ... Remove all read clippings TODAY IN ASIA - PACIFIC Killings exacerbate tensions in Thai region Sony revamp cuts 10,000 jobs Nepali king promises national elections LANGUAGE TOOLS Language Tools What is this? English Definitions English->Spanish English->French English->German English->Italian Eng->Portuguese Powered by Ultralingua ARTICLE TOOLS CHANGE FORMAT PRINT PAGE EMAIL ARTICLE ) FONT ( ) FONT Nepal under close watch for rights violations By Somini Sengupta The New York Times WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 10, 2005 KATMANDU, Nepal: When a firebrand student leader went to visit his friends in jail here last week, he found himself arrested by the police and locked up on a charge of sedition. When a political prisoner was freed on a court order in the town of Nepalganj in June, plainclothes police officers immediately plucked him from the courthouse steps and took him back into jail. And after two Nepalese journalists wrote last month about the army's deploying children as informers against suspected Maoist guerrillas, they were summoned to the army barracks for questioning. Such incidents are not only measures of life and law in a country squeezed between its all-powerful Hindu king and the nine-year-old Maoist insurgency he has failed to quell. They are also of importance to American lawmakers.

100. AsiaMedia :: NEPAL: Int'l Rights Groups Call For Restoration Of Fundamental Righ human rights groups call for the restoration of rights to journalists, NEPAL Int l rights groups call for restoration of fundamental rights. human http://www.asiamedia.ucla.edu/article.asp?parentid=23905

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