101. A Short History Of Guyana Before the arrival of Europeans, presentday guyana is inhabited by both Carib He leads the country to independence in 1966 as guyana, a parliamentary http://www.electionworld.org/history/guyana.htm

Before the arrival of Europeans, present-day Guyana is inhabited by both Carib and Arawak tribes, who name it Guiana, which means land of many waters. The Dutch settle here in the late 16th century. In exchange for the New Netherlands (now New York and surroundings) the Netherlands aquire the area that is now Guyana and Suriname. They establish in 1666 the colony of Suriname , the colony of Essequibo , the colony of Berbice and in 1750 by the colony of Demerara (subordinate to Essequibo). The United Kingdom overtakes the colonies in 1781, France in 1728, the Netherlands again in 1784 and finally in 1796 the United Kingdom. The colonies of Demerara-Essequibo and Berbice are united in 1831 as British Guiana In 1953 the British grant the colony self-government. The first modern political party in British Guiana is the People's Progressive Party (PPP), led by Forbes Burnham and Cheddi Jagan. This party wins the 1953 elections. Later that year the consitution is suspended by Britain because it assumes that the PPP is planning to make Guiana a communist state. These events lead to a split in the PPP, in which Burnham broke away and founds People's National Congress (PNC). Elections are permitted again in 1957 and 1961, and Jagan's PPP ticket wins both times. Cheddi Jagan became the first premier of British Guiana. After the elections of 1965 the PNC can with the support of a conservative party form a government. Forbes Burnham becomes prime minister. He leads the country to independence in 1966 as Guyana

102. Independent Lens . THUNDER IN GUYANA . Talkback | PBS I knew nothing about the history of guyana, other than hearing of the The story of guyana and the Jagans role in its history is a fascinating one. http://www.pbs.org/independentlens/thunderinguyana/talkback.html

Tell us what you think. Selected submissions will be posted here, so check back regularly. PDM Houston tx it was a great documentary, given what resources Janet Jagan younger cousin had available to her. Bless her heart! I grew up in this place and detest what the foreign enemies of the jagans has done to this beautiful land. They used the negroes to do the 'dirty work'. I wonder if they realized how much of a tremendous pain, grief and hurt they have caused to numerous countrymen and women of Indian descent. I believe in the law or Karma(what goes around, comes around). Samanta Toronto, On I saw the film a couple months back in Trinidad on PBS. It was indeed a great film. Me being born in 1980 meant that I was not there when all those things were happening - thank God. I saw a side of Guyana I've never seen before. My initial thoughts were that the PNC regime was wicked to the Guyanese people, but then after doing some research I realized that the film was indeed biased and one-sided. Burnham has made horrible choices, and so have the Jagans. We as Guyanese have to stop living in the past and look to the future. Like it or not, Burnham and Jagan will forever be part of our history; so the sooner we accept it and move on the better off we'll be. Let me leave with this adage from Malcolm X: "There is no better than adversity. Every defeat, every heartbreak, every loss, contains its own seed, its own lesson on how to improve your performance next time"

103. Small Axe, Volume 8, 2004 - Table Of Contents Nationalism guyana history. guyana Intellectual life 20th century . guyana Politics and government. Feminism guyana. guyana history. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/small_axe/toc/smx8.1.html

Small Axe Number 15 (Volume 8, Number 1), March 2004 Special Issue: The Present against the Past C ONTENTS Scott, David. Preface [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Guyana History 1966- Trotz, D. Alissa, 1968- Between Despair and Hope: Women and Violence in Contemporary Guyana [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Women, East Indian Violence against Guyana. Women Guyana Social conditions. Ethnic conflict Guyana. Political violence Guyana. Fraser, Cary. The PPP on Trial: British Guiana in 1953 [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Guyana Politics and government 1803-1966. People's Progressive Party (Guyana) Jagan, Cheddi. Robinson, Gemma. "If freedom writes no happier alphabet": Martin Carter and Poetic Silence [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Carter, Martin, 1927- Conversations. Carter, Martin, 1927- Jail me quickly. Carter, Martin, 1927- Political and social views. Westmaas, Nigel D. Resisting Orthodoxy: Notes on the Origins and Ideology of the Working People's Alliance [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Working People's Alliance Guyana.

104. Macmillan Publishers Caribbean, Secondary, History - The Making Of Guyana Caribbean and World history. The Making of guyana Vere T Daly. A scholarly butvery readable account of the development of Guyanese society, http://www.macmillan-caribbean.com/books/General/History/makeguyan.htm

Extent: 244pp 216 x 138mm ISBN: 333 14482 1 Price: £6.95 Caribbean and World History The Making of Guyana Vere T Daly A scholarly but very readable account of the development of Guyanese society, from the earliest times to the present day. Contents Preface The First Guyanese The Discovery of Guiana The Search for El Dorado The European Settlement The Introduction of Sugar and Slaves The First English Invasion The Buccaneers The Development of Essequibo and Berbice The Rise of Demerara The Return of the English The French Occupation The Third English Invasion The Final English Invasion The Abolition of Slavery Negro Villages and Immigration Making Guyana a Modern State The Boundaries of Guyana From Colony to Co-operative Republic Guyana

105. Guyana : Country Studies - Federal Research Division, Library Of Congress Overview of life, history, and culture by the US Library of Congress. http://lcweb2.loc.gov/frd/cs/gytoc.html

The Library of Congress Especially for Researchers Research Centers Home ... Country Studies Guyana Find in Federal Research Division Pages Researchers Web Pages All Library of Congress Pages A Country Study: Guyana Library of Congress Call Number Please note : The current Country Study was previously in a multi-country volume. Chapter numbers reflect those used in the printed book. Guyana Foreword Acknowledgments Preface ... Guyana-Suriname Dispute Appendices Appendix A. Tables Appendix B. The Commonwealth of Nations Appendix C. The Caribbean Community and Common Market Appendix D. Caribbean Basin Initiative ... Search Database Choose a Country Study Afghanistan Albania Algeria Angola Armenia Austria Azerbaijan Bahrain Bangladesh Belarus Belize Bhutan Bolivia Brazil Bulgaria Cambodia Chad Chile China Colombia Caribbean Islands Comoros Cyprus Czechoslovakia (Former) Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Estonia Ethiopia Finland Georgia Germany Germany (East) Ghana Guyana Haiti Honduras Hungary India Indonesia Iran Iraq Israel Ivory Coast (Cote d'Ivoire Japan Jordan Kazakhstan Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Latvia Laos Lebanon Libya Lithuania

106. GlobalEDGE (TM) | Country Insights - History Of Guyana globalEDGE Country Insights Profile of guyana from an international businessperspective. Information on the overview of the country, its history, http://globaledge.msu.edu/ibrd/CountryHistoryPrint.asp?CountryID=130&RegionID=4

107. Janet Jagan A Piece Of guyana s history 1953-1955 by Janet Jagan. In 1983, I wrote thefollowing article published in Thunder marking the 30th Anniversary of the http://www.jagan.org/janet_jagan7.htm

A Piece Of Guyana's History - 1953-1955 The Dialogue Should Continue The Audit Commission Burying The False Accusations The Dialogue Should Continue by Janet Jagan (May 2002) The crime situation in Guyana has been commented upon by representatives of two embassies in Guyana, the United States Ambassador Mr Ronald Godard and the Canadian High Commissioner Mr Serge Marcoux. Both have decried the crime wave and the fact that it has not been condemned by all sectors of our society. Mr Godard remarked that this has been treated almost like a "legitimate subject for debate." Both envoys pointed to the obvious fact that Guyana is a democratic society that depends on the rule of law for its existence. And both promised assistance if requested. All of what they had to say is true and a lot depends on restoring balance and good sense to the awful happenings at the crime level. Can there be any justification for the horrendous escape by the five prisoners and the subsequent deaths that have taken place? The politicisation of all these happenings since the Mashramani breakout from the Georgetown Prison has poisoned the atmosphere and prevented some thinking and reasonable attitudes. Surely the whole of Guyanese society should be backing the Police in their efforts to apprehend the criminals. These are no "Robin Hood" bandits, but those hardened in the criminal world of guns, drugs and robbery. Maybe the US Ambassador and the Canadian High Commissioner should urge their governments to stop sending highly-trained and hardened criminals back to Guyana because they were born here. Maybe there should be a limit to the time they have lived in North America and learned their trade so well. Most went abroad as children or adolescents, innocent when they left, but something else when deported to Guyana. That might ease our problems.

108. Guyana Outpost: Wayne's Guyana Page A guide and collection of resources supplied by third parties and subscribers. Contains synopsis, history, news, travel tips and related information. http://guyana.gwebworks.com/

NOTICE Guyana Outpost can now be accessed at: http://guyanaoutpost.com Please update your bookmarks accordingly. Thank you. Click on the URL above to jump to Guyana Outpost , or wait 10 seconds ... This page will expire on December 31, 2005.

109. Guyana: Natural History Tour - Tours Of Exploration Tours of Exploration, Catherine Evans, Directions in Travel. http://www.toursexplore.com/phpWeb/index.php?module=pagemaster&PAGE_user_op=view

110. Frogs: A Chorus Of Colors | American Museum Of Natural History AMNH scientists Jay Cole and Carol Townsend, the University of guyana and theSmithsonian Institution surveyed the remote Konawaruk Mountains of guyana in http://www.amnh.org/exhibitions/frogs/museum/guyana.php

AMNH scientists Jay Cole and Carol Townsend, the University of Guyana and the Smithsonian Institution surveyed the remote Konawaruk Mountains of Guyana in the late 1990s. Access into pristine forest is often best done using boat camps, such as here along Berbice River. Species new to science abound, such as a new species of tree frog . Unfortunately, this region shares the threats faced by much of the world: habitat destruction, climate change and disease. Future monitoring of these frogs requires a baseline inventory to serve as a reference.

111. Natural History: Guyana's Gold Standard - Gold-mining Boom Full text of the article, guyana s gold standard gold-mining boom from NaturalHistory, a publication in the field of Reference Education, http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1134/is_n7_v107/ai_21084300

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Natural History Sept 1998 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Related Searches Gold industry / Environmental aspects Guyana / History Featured Titles for ASA News ASEE Prism Academe African American Review ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Guyana's gold standard - gold-mining boom Natural History Sept, 1998 by Mark Jacobson Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Can an impoverished country in South America survive a gold-mining boom? Four hundred seventy years ago, toiling in the dank, semi-illicit laboratories of Basel and Strasbourg, Paracelsus (real name, Philippus Aureolus Theophrastus Bombastus von Hohenheim), the most canny and bombastic of alchemists, sought a quintessential agent that would transmute base metals into gold. This catalyst, often called the philosophers' stone, was accorded properties that approached the divine. If Paracelsus could be transported through time and space to the steaming jungles of present-day Guyana, he could now stand on a catwalk at Omaione of the largest open-pit gold mines in South Americaand peer into a twenty-five-foot-high, ten-thousand-gallon vat to see the roiling of a whole other kind of alchemy.

112. WMU News - New Book Looks At History Of Modern-day Guyana New book looks at history of modernday guyana. July 29, 2003. KALAMAZOO Thestruggle for equality in a Caribbean state trying to break away from its http://www.wmich.edu/wmu/news/2003/0307/0304-034.html

New book looks at history of modern-day Guyana July 29, 2003 KALAMAZOO The struggle for equality in a Caribbean state trying to break away from its British colonial roots is the focus of recently published book by Dr. Juanita De Barros, assistant professor of history, at Western Michigan University. "Order and Place in a Colonial City" chronicles 35 years of tension and hostilities in British Guiana's capital city, Georgetown, from 1889 to 1924. Known today as "Guyana" the country is located on the northeastern coast of South America and sits between Venezuela and Suriname. Though the book is based on De Barros' doctoral dissertation, her interest in British Guiana comes from hearing her Guyanese-born father tell stories about being a poor boy in Georgetown and the gangs that ran rampant in the city. "The country's history of resistance has helped contribute to the nationalist identity it has today," De Barros says. The book focuses on the three race riots during the period, which pitted a collection of groups from the working class including Afro-Creole and East Indian peoplesagainst the white, British ruling class, who represented less than 2% of the country's population.

113. GUYANA ONLINE Site of extensive links and information. http://www.guyana.com/

114. Guyana - Information On A Little Known Country Expatriate resources, Resources for Americans fleeing America. http://www.escapeartist.com/guyana/guyana.htm

Moving to Guyana ~ Living in Guyana ~ Real Estate in Guyana South America Index Escape from America Magazine Moving To Guyana ~ Living In Guyana ~ Real Estate In Guyana ~ Real Estate In Guyana - Current Property Listings Also Real Estate in Other countries in South America - International Jobs Marketplace International Jobs Resources Directory Of All Articles - Articles On Our Website Please submit it your Article! What we're looking for are ideas, not Pulitzer Prize writers. Ideas are what fuel our magazine and our website. You don't have to be a professional writer to submit an article that provides important information - - information that you yourself have learned by having been there and done it. Maps Of Guyana~Including City Maps Maps of Guyana ~ A large number of differing Guyana maps including city maps Guyana (pronounced as it is spelled, guyana, not gheeana) is an Amerindian word which means "land of many waters". The country is aptly named because if its profusion of rivers, creeks, and other bodies of water. It is located in the northern part of the Amazon Basin of South America, so it is quite understandable that there should be many waterways to the Atlantic Ocean. The three main rivers are, from west to east, the Essequibo, Demerara and Berbice Rivers. Guyana, formerly British Guiana, is the only English speaking country in South America, and its neighbors are Venezuela, Brazil, and Suriname (formerly Dutch Guiana) to the west, south and east respectively. Although on the South American continent, Guyana is part of the West Indies and is regarded as the only Caribbean country the rest of the West Indies/Caribbean are island states. At 83,000 sq. miles (215,000 sq.km.) Guyana is about the size of the United Kingdom, and is the largest country in the West Indies.

115. Indigenous Peoples This an introductory overiew and photo essay on guyana's Amerindians, including summaries of their current situation, challenges and prospects. http://www.sdnp.org.gy/gallery/mm/indigenous.html

Indigenous Peoples 1.0 Introduction The Indigenous peoples of Guyana have inhabited the country long before the land was discovered by the Europeans. They are also major inhabitants all sections of the hinterland: forest, savannah, coastland and highland. They possess knowledge of the natural environment that enables them to make their living in remote areas without modern infrastructure. There are nine remaining tribes left, the Wapishiana, Akawaio, Arekuna, Macushi, Carib, Warrow, Patamona, Arawak and the Wai Wai, the latter has now reached a gene pool crisis, with few pure Wai Wai individuals remaining in the village. 1.1 Current status of Indigenous people Unfortunately these people sometimes find themselves in the midst of land use conflicts, where the land they reside upon or live next to is given as a consession to foresters, miners, resort developers or conservation areas. They are also vulnerable to exploition by some people who use their skill to harvest forest products, such as wildlife and non timber products, they are paid very little upon delivery. Amerindian farming Amerindian farmers use the traditional method of shifting agriculture which is a method best suited to the conditions of the forest. It was a method that has evolved over centuries of experience. It has been criticized as a wasteful means of landuse, however it has proven to be an effective means of cultivation without needing artificial fertilizers or pesticides. However times are changing and many farmers are remaining on one piece of land for longer periods because of land restrictions and other outside influences, thus necessitating modern techniques of artificial fertilizers and pecticides.

116. Guyana OnLine Offering free webbased email, message boards, chat, online directory of Guyanese, classifieds, events calendar, recipes, proverbs, resources and tourism information. http://www.guyanaonline.net/index.php

NEWS EVENTS CHAT HOME Thursday, Sep. 22nd, 2005 - 02:38 USA NEWS: MEMBER CENTER Recipes Commentary Shop ... Legal Notice Username Password Forgot your password? Sign Up Now! EVENTS: 7 Events Listed POLL: Saturday, 24 Sep, 2005 10:00 pm BROOKLYN NY ONCE AGAIN IT'S TIME FOR THE BIG BLACK AND WHITE AFFAIR HOSTED BY: ARTHUR LAING AND EON(POSTMAN)CUMBERBATCH. LIVE ENTERTAINMENT BY: THE UNTOUCHABLES ... View Details Friday, 30 Sep, 2005 10:00 pm BROOKLYN NY View Details September 2005 S M T W T F S Login to add your event Were you or your family affected by the recent flood in Guyana Yes No EXCHANGE RATES: MEMBER COMMENTARY: PROVERBS: Buying Selling US$ CAD$ BDOS$ EC$ TT$ I HAVE A MANDATE TO ADVOCATE FOR CHANGE OF THE PRESENT ARRANGEMENTS Dr. Prem Misir has over the last few years written a lot on the issue of race and ethnicity. His general thrust has been that racial and ethnic problems in Guyana are exaggerated. This has also been the PPP’s line since attaining office in 1992. Prior to 1992 the PPP had seen the situation differently. In addition to its Marxist class analysis, it identified a racial component of the prevailing politics, especially in relation to what it perceived as the African political directorate’s racial discrimination against and oppression of Indians... 0 comment(s) by dhinds / Nov 18th, 2003

117. Guyana National, presidential, political, and historical flags. http://flagspot.net/flags/gy.html

Guyana Co-operative Republic of Guyana Last modified: by dov gutterman Keywords: guyana america arrow Links: FOTW homepage search write us mirrors by Zeljko Heimer , 27 October 2001 Official Name Co-operative Republic of Guyana Previous Name: British Guiana Capital: Georgetown Location: South America Government Type: Republic within the Commonwealth Flag adopted Author: Whitney Smith Coat of Arms adopted: ISO Code: GY The Flag The Designer Flags in Use Subdivisions See also: Guyana - Coat of Arms Guyana - Presidential Flag Guyana - Civil and Naval Ensign Guyana - Civil Air Ensign ... Guyana - Historical Flags (2 parts) The Flag www.guyana.org "The Golden Arrowhead, Guyana's National Flag has FIVE symbolic colors: GREEN represents the agricultural and forested nature of Guyana, WHITE symbolizes the rivers and water potential of the country, GOLDEN arrow represents Guyana's mineral wealth, BLACK portrays the endurance that will sustain the forward thrust of the Guyanese people, RED represents the zeal and dynamic nature of nation-building which lies before the young and independent Guyana." Dov Gutterman , 6 January 1999 At July York ICV meeting, showing Guyana page of Album to Whitney Smith, he told me that my ill. 1 (sea version) is wrong, summit of triangle should reach the middle of flag.

118. Guyana Pr©sentation g©n©rale du pays par l'universit© de Laval. http://www.tlfq.ulaval.ca/axl/amsudant/Guyana.htm

République coopérative de Guyana Guyana Co-operative Republic of Guyana Capitale: Georgetown Population: Langue officielle: anglais ( de facto Groupe majoritaire: créole guyanais (77 %) Groupes minoritaires: anglais (env. 20 %), wapishana (1 %), arawak du Nord, akawaio, patamona, pemon, kalihna, wawai, machushi, hindi caraïbéen, créole hollandais de Berbice, créole hollandais de Skepi, warao Système politique: république unitaire Articles constitutionnels (langue): art. 53, 139 et 144 de la Constitution du 20 février 1980 (modifiée en 1996) Lois linguistiques: aucune 1 Situation générale La Guyana porte le nom officiel de Co-operative Republic of Guyana (ou République coopérative de Guyana ). Le pays est situé sur la côte nord de l’Amérique du Sud et s'appelait anciennement Guyane britannique (ou British Guiana ). La Guyana est bordée au nord par l’océan Atlantique, à l’est par le Surinam, au sud et à l’ouest par le Brésil et à l’ouest par le Venezuela. Le pays a une superficie de 215 083 km². Par comparaison, la Belgique est de 30 527 km²; la France, 543 965 km²; et la Grande-Bretagne, 229 324 km². La Guyana est divisée en administrativement en 10 régions. Les régions de Barima-Waini, Pomeroon-Supenaam, Essequibo Islands-West Demerara, Demerara-Mahaica, Mahaica-Berbice et East Berbice-Corentyne correspondent aux plaines côtières, alors que les quatre autres (Upper Takutu-Upper Essequibo, Potaro-Sipanuri, Upper Demerara-Berbice et Cuyuni-Mazaruni) sont situées dans l'arrière-pays (

119. Global Geografia - Sudamerica, Guyana Francese Scheda con informazioni generali sul paese. http://www.globalgeografia.com/america_del_sud/guyana_francese.htm

» SPONSOR SUDAMERICA STATI E DIPENDENZE » GUYANA FRANCESE Guyane Française Superficie: 86.504 Km² Abitanti: Densità: 2 ab/Km² Forma di governo: Dipartimento Francese d'Oltremare Capitale: Cayenne (50.400 ab.) Altre città: Saint-Laurent-du-Maroni 19.200 ab., Kourou 19.100 ab. Gruppi etnici: Creoli 40%, Bianchi 12%, Amerindi 2,5%, Neri e mulatti 2%, altri (fra cui Cinesi, Libanesi, Brasiliani, Haitiani, Surinamesi) 43,5% Paesi confinanti: Suriname a OVEST, Brasile a SUD ed EST Monti principali: Bellevue de l'Inini 851 m Fiumi principali: Maroni 725 Km, Oyapok 500 Km (totale, compreso tratto brasiliano) Laghi principali: Isole principali: Ile de Cayenne 155 Km² Clima: Equatoriale Lingua: Francese (ufficiale), Patois (dialetto creolo-francese) Religione: Cattolica 84,5%, Protestante 4%, Non religiosi/Atei 3%, altro 8,5% Moneta: Euro GLOBALGEOGRAFIA.com

120. Global Geografia - Sudamerica, Guyana Scheda con informazioni generali sul paese. http://www.globalgeografia.com/america_del_sud/guyana.htm

» SPONSOR SUDAMERICA STATI E DIPENDENZE » GUYANA Repubblica di Guyana Republic of Guyana Superficie: 214.970 Km² Abitanti: 749.000 (censimento 15/09/2002) Densità: 3,5 ab/Km² Forma di governo: Repubblica presidenziale Capitale: Georgetown (34.200 ab., 137.000 aggl. urbano) Altre città: Linden 29.600 ab. Gruppi etnici: Indiani 51%, Neri di origine africana 41%, Amerindi 6%, altri 2% Paesi confinanti: Venezuela a OVEST, Brasile a SUD, Suriname ad EST Monti principali: Monte Roraima 2772 m Fiumi principali: Essequibo 1000 Km, Corentyne 700 Km Laghi principali: Isole principali: Isole Essequibo (Hogg 57 Km²) Clima: Equatoriale Lingua: Inglese (ufficiale), dialetti hindi, Creolo-inglese Religione: Induista 34%, Protestante 27,5%, Cattolica 11,5%, Musulmana 9%, altro 18% Moneta: Dollaro della Guyana GLOBALGEOGRAFIA.com

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