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         Germany Government:     more books (100)
  1. The Politics of the Body in Weimar Germany: Women's Reproductive Rights and Duties (Social History, Popular Culture, and Politics in Germany) by Cornelie Usborne, 1992-07-01
  2. Generating legitimacy for labor market and welfare state reform-the role of policy advice in Germany, the Netherlands, and Sweden.: An article from: German Policy Studies by Werner Eichhorst, Ole Wintermann, 2006-09-22
  3. Republicanism and the Politics of Citizenship in Germany and France: Convergence or Divergence?(Statistical Data Included): An article from: German Policy Studies by Heike Hagedorn, 2000-09-01
  4. Explaining restrictive ART policies in Switzerland and Germany: similar processes - similar results?(assisted reproductive technology ): An article from: German Policy Studies by Christine Rothmayr, 2006-12-22
  5. Introduction: think tanks in Austria, Switzerland and Germany - a recalibration of corporatist policy making?: An article from: German Policy Studies by Sven Jochem, Adrian Vatter, 2006-09-22
  6. Reforming European Welfare States: Germany and the United Kingdom Compared by Jochen Clasen, 2007-11-11
  7. Cold War Politics in Postwar Germany by David F. Patton, 2001-05-04
  8. Treaty on the Basis of Relations Between the Federal Republic of Germany and the German Democratic Republic by Federal Republic of Germany, 1973
  9. In Search of Refuge: Jews and Us Consuls in Nazi Germany 1933-1941 (Parkes-Wiener Series on Jewish Studies) by Bat-Ami Zucker, 2001-04
  10. Government of Greater Germany, The by James Kerr Pollock, 1938
  11. American Military Government in Germany by Harold Zink, 1947-06
  12. The Judicial Work of the Comptroller of the Treasury As Compared with Similar Functions in the Governments of France and Germany (Cornell Studies in History and Political Science, Volume III) by Willard Eugene Hitchkiss, 1911
  13. Source Materials on the Government and Politics of Germany by James K.; Lane John C. Pollock, 1964
  14. Diary of Military Government in Germany, 1945 by B. N. Reckitt, 1989-12

121. German Government On Scientology
Leaflet concerning Scientology distributed by the German embassy in Washington DC.
http://home.snafu.de/tilman/krasel/germany/government.html
This leaflet is distributed by the German embassy in Washington, D.C.
The Scientology Public Relations Campaign Against Germany
The Scientology organization has financed several highly visible public relations campaigns directed against the Federal Republic of Germany in American publications. Among the papers that have carried full-page ad in the last couple of years are the New York Times, the Washington Post and the International Herald Tribune. In addition, the International Herald Tribune published a controversial open letter to German Chancellor Helmut Kohl. The Scientology organization has also distributed pamphlets such as " The Rise of Hatred and Violence in Germany ", reiterating its allegations. In its writings, the Scientology organization attempts to equate the treatment of Scientologists in present-day Germany with that of the Jews under the Nazi regime. This is not only a distortion of facts, but also an insult to the victims of the Holocaust. With regards to Scientology ads in the fall of 1996, the U.S. State Department said, "this is an outrageous charge against the German government by an American group. It bears no resemblance to the facts of what's going on there. The language is needlessly provocative." At the same time, Ignatz Bubis, Germany's top Jewish leader, said he was insulted and denounced the comparison "because it is false." The open letter to Chancellor Kohl , written by a Hollywood lawyer with famous Scientology clients, appeared in early 1997 in the International Herald Tribune. The letter repeated Scientology organization assertions against Germany and was signed by 34 American celebrities. "Disgraceful and irresponsible" is how Michel Friedman, a member of the Central Council of Jews in Germany, described the letter. He added: "It's totally off the mark. Today, we have a democracy and a state based on the rule of law."

122. REGIERUNGonline
germany Das Beispiel Schüco in Bielefeld. Kultur. Die Büste der Nofretete
http://www.bundesregierung.de/
Textversion English Français Kontakt ... Impressum nav_items = [ [['Homepage', '/',1],['Bundesregierung', '/-,414/Bundesregierung.htm'],['Politikthemen', '/-,415/Politikthemen.htm'],['Nachrichten', '/-,417/Nachrichten.htm'],['Reden / Interviews', '/-,11635/Reden-Interviews.htm'],['Pressekonferenzen', '/-,11931/Pressekonferenzen.htm'],['Gesetze', '/-,418/Gesetze.htm'],['Publikationen / Fotos', '/-,11647/Publikationen-Fotos.htm'],['E-Magazine', '/-,11813/E-Magazine.htm'],['Kontakt', '/-,419/Kontakt.htm'],['Impressum', '/-,11624/Impressum.htm']] ]; Direkt zu den Bundesministerien der Kulturstaatsministerin Services RSS-Newsfeed E-Mail Abonnement Abo E-Magazine Fotoservice ... Bestellservice
50 Jahre Bundeswehr Eine Armee der Demokratie Bundeskanzler Gerhard Schröder Bundeskanzler Gerhard Schröder hat die demokratische Kultur der Bundeswehr gewürdigt. Zum 50-jährigen Bestehen der Bundeswehr dankte er den Soldatinnen und Soldaten für ihre schwierigen Einsätze im In- und Ausland. Die deutschen Streitkräfte seien heute ein international geachteter Partner für die Durchsetzung von Frieden, Freiheit und Menschenrechten, sagte Schröder. FOTOREIHE 50 Jahre Bundeswehr zur Fotoreihe E-MAGAZIN e.balance - das magazin für soziales

123. REGIERUNGonline
The German government launched an initiative to create more allday schools after The German government has launched a variety of initiatives aimed at
http://www.bundesregierung.de/en
Deutsch Français Contact Sitemap ... Service nav_items = [ [['Homepage', '/en/',1],['Federal Government', '/en/-,10143/Federal-Government.htm'],['News by subject', '/en/-,10971/News-by-subject.htm'],['Latest News', '/en/Latest-News/-,10157/Information-from-the-Governmen.htm'],['Service', '/en/-,10146/Service.htm']] ]; Go directly to The Federal Ministries
Development policy 300,000 voices against poverty A white band several hundred meters long, covered with wake-up calls for the government in Berlin. Twelve baskets full of signatures supporting a German initiative entitled "Your voice against poverty" were presented to Chancellor Gerhard Schröder at the Chancellery in Berlin. In a joint campaign more than eight hundred organizations in seventy-two countries are reminding world leaders of the promise they made to meet the UN millennium goal of halving poverty in the world by 2015.
German press reactions to Economist cover story "Germany's surprising economy"
Everything worth knowing about the Federal Government's commitment to FIFA World Cup 2006 at one click.
UNITED NATIONS REGIERUNGonline invites you to find out about the UN.

124. EUROPA - IDABC - German Government To Build Super Employment Portal
European CommissionIDABC uses information and communication technologies to support the delivery of cross-border public sector services to citizens and
http://europa.eu.int/idabc/en/document/932/354
document.write(""); document.write("English"); document.write(""); en eGovernment News - eServices for businesses > German government to build super employment portal Contact Who 's Who Search on EUROPA eGovernment Observatory ... eGovernment Forum Search MyIDABC Call for Tenders Site Map
German government to build super employment portal
Germany's Federal Labour Office ( Bundesanstalt fur Arbeit , or Arbeitsamt ) presented on 14/03/2003 during the CeBIT 2003 Information Technology Fair in Hanover, its project to build a super employment portal called 'Virtual Job Market'. This portal project is part of a larger package of measures recently announced by the Labour Office to tackle the nation's growing unemployment problem. Its aim is to link employers and job seekers with officials at the Labour Office via the Internet. Business and technology consultancy Accenture has been awarded a five-year, EUR 50m contract to design, build and operate this new 'Virtual Job Market'. The portal will contain listings for job openings that have been posted with the Labour Office, and will also be linked to several job exchanges to give German citizens a single online resource to search a wealth of job opportunity databases. The site therefore has the potential to become the largest job database in Europe. It will also streamline the job search process by eliminating duplicate listings and allowing jobseekers to search openings on the basis of their own criteria.

125. GERMAN LAW & GOVERNMENT- LawResearch
1. A research tool for Lawyers or Business or Corporate use.
http://www.lawresearch.com/v10/global/lagermg.htm
LAW RESEARCH
INTERNATIONAL LAW UNITED STATES LAW LAW SEARCH ENGINE
Branches of Government GERMAN
Government
GERMAN
Judiciary
...
  • Die Bundesregierung Informiert.
    the Federal Government's multilingual Press and Information Office website.
  • Der Bundeskanzler
    Your chance to download a photograph of Herr Dr Kohl, read his biography and send him email.
  • Willkommen beim Bundespräsidenten
    President and Frau Herzog on the Net. The site contains photographs and Presidential speeches in three languages.
  • Die Bundesministerien
    Access to all Federal Ministries, but the Departmental entries are of limited utility at present.
  • Bundesregierung der Bundesrepublik Deutschland
    Current composition of Federal Government.
  • Journal für Deutschland
    a news bulletin from the Federal Government's Press and Information Office on 'germany.net'.
  • Auswärtiges Amt
    The updated homepage of the German Ministry of Foreign Affairs - an informative multilingual WWW presence from one of the heavyweight government departments.
  • Hyperlinks: Aussenpolitik
  • Germany and the UN.
  • 126. German Government Signals Support For Iraq War
    Prior to the new year the German government, a coalition of the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens, definitively abandoned its previous posture of
    http://www.wsws.org/articles/2003/jan2003/germ-j16.shtml
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    German French Italian Russian ... Indonesian LEAFLETS Download in PDF format WSWS Europe ... Germany
    German government signals support for Iraq war
    By Peter Schwarz 16 January 2003 Use this version to print Send this link by email Email the author Prior to the new year the German government, a coalition of the Social Democrats (SPD) and the Greens, definitively abandoned its previous posture of categorical opposition to a war against Iraq. When asked by Spiegel Spiegel This rejection of war decided the elections. Two months prior to election day the SPD was lagging far behind the Christian Democrats (CDU) in the polls. But the Social Democrats rapidly caught up after they took an anti-war stance. The SPD and the Greens ultimately won the election by a narrow margin. active French President Jacques Chirac, who had repeatedly declared his preference for a peaceful solution, took a U-turn after the new year. He publicly confirmed for the first time that France would participate militarily in a war against Iraq. Why the about-face?

    127. Www.government.de/
    Translate this page
    http://www.government.de/

    128. Worldwatch And German Government Launch International Biofuels Project: Worldwat
    We are excited about the opportunity to work with the German government in exploring and communicating cuttingedge policies for the development of a
    http://www.worldwatch.org/press/news/2005/06/27/

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    News June 27, 2005 Worldwatch and German Government Launch International Biofuels Project
    Suzanne Hunt Named Project Manager
    "Soaring oil prices, growing security concerns, and farmers' search for new markets have combined to create a super-charged market for biofuels, boosting consumption by 70 percent over the past three years," said Worldwatch Institute president Christopher Flavin. "With country after country adopting tax breaks and regulations designed to boost the use of biofuels, it is urgent that governments assess strategies for maximizing the economic, social, and environmental benefits of biofuels development." The project, which is being funded by the German Ministry for Consumer Protection, Food and Agriculture (BMVEL) and carried out in conjunction with the German Agency for Technical Cooperation (GTZ) and the Agency of Renewable Resources (FNR), is being managed by Suzanne Hunt, the Worldwatch Institute's newly selected Biofuels Project Manager. She will lead an international team of experts who will contribute the latest information and analysis to the project. Ms. Hunt was previously a research fellow at Environmental Defense, where she worked to promote lending reforms at international financial institutions. Her biofuels background includes the successful introduction of biodiesel at Hunt Country Vineyards in New York, and founding an organization that teaches children from inner city Washington, D.C. how to turn waste grease from restaurant kitchens into a cleaner-burning fuel for their school buses. Hunt has a BS in Environmental Science from Penn State University and a dual MA in International Affairs and Natural Resource Management from American University and the University for Peace in Costa Rica.

    129. German Reunification - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia
    The West German government under Konrad Adenauer favored closer Moneylosing industries formerly supported by the East German government had to be
    http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/German_reunification
    German reunification
    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.
    History of Germany German reunification Deutsche Wiedervereinigung ) took place on October 3 , when the areas of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR - in English often called "East Germany") were incorporated into The Federal Republic of Germany ("West Germany") (FRG). After the GDR's first free elections on 18 March , negotiations between the GDR and FRG culminated in a Unification Treaty, whilst negotiations between the GDR and FRG and the four occupying powers produced the so-called " Two Plus Four Treaty " granting full independence to a reunified German state. The reunified Germany remained a member of the European Community (later European Union ) and NATO . The term "reunification" is used in contrast with the initial unification of Germany in
    Contents
    edit
    Background
    Occupied Berlin After the end of World War II in Europe , Germany had been divided into four occupation zones. The old capital of

    130. German Law
    The German government is parliamentary and based on a democratic constitution that emphasizes the protection of individual liberty and division of powers in
    http://jurist.law.pitt.edu/world/ger.htm
    GERMANY JURIST WORLD LAW >> Germany
    Legal Profession
    Law Schools Study Law in Germany Correspondents' Reports ...
    The German government is parliamentary and based on a democratic constitution that emphasizes the protection of individual liberty and division of powers in a federal structure. The chancellor (prime minister) heads the executive branch of the federal government. The duties of the president (chief of state) are largely ceremonial; power is exercised by the chancellor. Elected by and responsible to the Bundestag (lower and principal chamber of the parliament), the chancellor cannot be removed from office during a 4-year term unless the Bundestag has agreed on a successor. The President is elected every 5 years on May 23 by the Federal Assembly, a body convoked only for this purpose, comprising the entire Bundestag (federal legislative lower house) and an equal number of state delegates. In the 1999 election, Johannes Rau of the Social Democratic Party was elected. The Bundestag, also elected for a 4-year term, consists of at least twice the number of electoral districts in the country. (More deputies may be admitted when parties' directly elected seats exceed their proportional representation.) Elections for an all-German Bundestag were first held on December 2, 1990, and again on October 16, 1994 and September 27, 1998. 669 deputies were seated after the 1998 national elections. The Bundesrat (upper chamber or Federal Council) consists of 69 members who are delegates of the 16 Laender (states). The legislature has powers of exclusive jurisdiction and concurrent jurisdiction with the Laender in areas specifically enumerated by the Basic Law. The Bundestag bears the major responsibility. The necessity for the Bundesrat to concur on legislation is limited to bills treating revenue shared by federal and state governments and those imposing responsibilities on the states.

    131. German Government Reports No Ethnic Cleansing Before Bombing
    German government reports no persecution in Kosovo before bombing, no ethnic cleansing before bombing.
    http://iraqwar.org/germanreport.htm
    America: a Beacon, not a Policeman German Government Report Americans Against World Empire Very important documents. German govt. reports state that no extensive persecution of Albanians in Kosovo was taking place prior to the Nato bombing. ( The German govt. nonetheless supported the bombing decision. ) This revelation completely undercuts the pro-war argument that Nato bombing was intended to prevent "genocide." It is not that the "genocide" or "ethnic cleansing" accelerated after the bombing; it simply did not exist prior to the bombingit began with the bombing. The documents point out that the Serbian forces were fighting the KLA, not Albanians in general.
    Steve Sniegoski
    http://www.zmag.org/ZNETTOPnoanimation.html
    INTERNAL DOCUMENTS
    FROM GERMANY'S FOREIGN OFFICE
    REGARDING PRE-BOMBARDMENT
    GENOCIDE IN KOSOVO
    From official documents by the International Association of Lawyers Against Nuclear Arms as published by the German daily junge welt on April 24. Translated by Eric Canepa of the Brecht Forum, New York.
    JUNGE WELT
    As in the case of the Clinton Administration, the present regime in

    132. Pope Pius IX  21 November 1873  Church In Italy, Germany, And Switzerland
    Denounces actions against the Church by the governments of Italy, germany, and Switzerland. Encyclical promulgated 21 November, 1873.
    http://www.ewtn.com/library/ENCYC/P9ETSIMU.HTM
    ETSI MULTA (On The Church In Italy, Germany, And Switzerland) Pope Pius IX Encyclical Promulgated on 21 November 1873 To all Patriarchs, Primates, Archbishops, Bishops, and other Ordinaries in Favor and Communion with the Apostolic See. Venerable Brothers Greetings and the Apostolic Blessing. It has been Our lot from the very beginning of Our Pontificate to suit many grievous and painful occurrences from various causes, which We have often explained to you in encyclical letters; in these last years the burden of distress has grown so that, if the divine goodness did not sustain Us, we would be all but overwhelmed. Indeed things have reached such a point that death itself would seem preferable to life tossed about by so many waves; with eyes lifted to heaven, we are compelled to cry out from time to time: "it is better for us to die, than to witness the ruin of our sanctuary."[1] Forsooth, from the time when this Our beloved city was forcibly captured and subjected to the rule of men who are disdainers of right and enemies of religion, men to whom all things human and divine are one and the same, scarcely no day has gone by without some new wound beings invited on Our already wounded heart. Evils Which Have Befallen Catholicism 3. However, it was not Our intention to write to you concerning these evils by which this Our city and all of Italy as well is infested; indeed, We would perhaps have suppressed these Our troubles in mournful silence, if it were permitted by divine clemency that We could lessen the bitter sorrows by which so many venerable brothers, bishops, and laity are tortured in other regions.

    133. First World War.com - Primary Documents - Spain's Reaction To Germany's Policy O
    The German government argued that such a policy was implemented only as an If the German government, as it says, expects that the Spanish people and
    http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/uboat_spain.htm
    Primary Documents: Spain's Reaction to Germany's Policy of Unrestricted Submarine Warfare, 6 February 1917
    Updated - Saturday, 20 December, 2003 Reproduced below is the text of the diplomatic note sent by the Spanish government to its German counterpart regarding Germany's newly reintroduced policy of unrestricted submarine warfare. This policy in effect set in place a blockade of Britain and her European allies, to be applied to belligerent and neutral shipping alike. The German government argued that such a policy was implemented only as an aggressive form of defence. It was announced in a letter from the German Ambassador to the U.S., Count Johann von Bernstorff , to the U.S. Secretary of State, Robert Lansing In the note the Bernstorff announced a re-opened German policy of unrestricted submarine warfare (initially introduced and then rapidly abandoned in 1916 owing to U.S. protests), to take effect the day following the date of the note (i.e. 1 February 1917). The German Chancellor Theobald von Bethmann-Hollweg spoke before the Reichstag on the same day to explain the reasons for the policy Reaction to the policy was rapid; the Allied powers inevitably decried its aggression, as did the U.S. government, which broke off diplomatic relations on 3 February 1917. On the same day President

    134. Governments On The WWW: Germany
    Deutsche Botschaft in Abu Dhabi, Arabische Emirate German Embassy in Abu Dhabi,
    http://www.gksoft.com/govt/en/de.html
    Governments on the WWW: Germany
    Home Table of Contents List of Countries Signs and Symbols ... Feedback
    Germany [ Deutschland ]
    Official language: German
    General Resources:
    Federal Institutions:
    • [Federal President]
    • Bundestag [Federal Diet]
    • Bundesrat [Federal Council]
    • Bundesregierung [Federal Government]
    • Bundeskanzler [Federal Chancellor]
      • Bundesnachrichtendienst (BND) [Federal Intelligence Service]
        • Bundesarchiv (BArch) [Federal Archive]
        • [Federal Institute for Culture and History of the Germans in Eastern Europe]
      • [Federal Ministry for Consumer Protection, Food and Agriculture]
        • Bundessortenamt (BSA) [Federal Office of Plant Varieties]
        • [Federal Institute for Consumer Health Protection and Veterinary Medicine]
        • [Federal Institution for Agriculture and Nutrition]
        • [Federal Research Institution for Nutrition]
        • [Federal Research Institution for Agriculture]
        • [Federal Research Institution for Forestry and Forest Products]
        • [Federal Research Institution for Fisheries]
        • [Federal Research Institution for Virus Diseases of Animals]
        • [Biological Federal Institution for Agriculture and Forestry]
        • [Federal Institution for Research on Grain, Potatoes and Fat]

    135. German Government Program Boosts Biotechnology -- Wendeler, 2001-02-09, GERMANY
    Two weeks ago the German government decided on a special funding program to advance biotechnology. With 1.5 billion DM for the next 5 years, the government
    http://nextwave.sciencemag.org/cgi/content/full/2001/02/08/3
    German Government Program Boosts Biotechnology BY MARKUS WENDELER
    BERLIN
    9 FEBRUARY 2001
    RELATED ARTICLES
    "... innovation is the result of the collaboration of young and experienced researchers."
    Edelgard Bulmahn T he ministry of science seems to be taking action now that 2001 has been proclaimed the Year of Life Sciences. Two weeks ago the German government decided on a special funding program to advance biotechnology. With 1.5 billion DM for the next 5 years, the government wants to support promising fields of biotechnological research and the creation of qualified jobs. The time for action is ripe. For years now, economists and representatives of trade associations have complained about antiquated conditions at universities. But there had been no real effort for change. Consequently, qualified scientists drifted to other European countries and the United States. The number of students studying the natural sciences has also declined in recent years. Now, it seems, the government has decided that the time has come to attack the problem at its roots. The ministry of science has published a priority list containing research fields that deserve strong promotion, such as genomics and proteomics, structural molecular biology, bioinformatics nanobiotechnology , and neuroscience. Moreover, the program will try to encourage structural improvements such as closer coordination of the 16 national research centers (HGF) and their collaborations with universities

    136. The Avalon Project : Franco-German Armistice : June 25, 1940
    In this case, the German government guarantees the French government and its The German government solemnly declares to the French government that it
    http://www.yale.edu/lawweb/avalon/wwii/frgearm.htm
    The Avalon Project at Yale Law School
    Franco-German Armistice : June 25, 1940
    Art 1 Art 2 Art 3 Art 4 ... Art 24
    ARMISTICE AGREEMENT BETWEEN THE GERMAN HIGH COMMAND OF THE ARMED FORCES AND FRENCH PLENIPOTENTIARIES, COMPIÈGNE, JUNE 22, 1940
    Between the chief of the High Command of the armed forces, Col. Gen. [Wilhelm] Keitel, commissioned by the Fuehrer of the German Reich and Supreme Commander in Chief of the German Armed Forces, and the fully authorized plenipotentiaries of the French Government, General [Charles L. C.] Huntziger, chairman of the delegation; Ambassador [Léon] Noel, Rear Admiral [Maurice R.] LeLuc, Army Corps General [Georges] Parisot an Air Force General [Jean-Marie Joseph] Bergeret, the following armistice treaty was agreed upon:
    ARTICLE I.
    The French Government directs a cessation of fighting against the German Reich in France as well as in French possessions, colonies, protectorate territories, mandates as well as on the seas. It [the French Government] directs the immediate laying down of arms of French units already encircled by German troops.
    ARTICLE II.

    137. Historical Text Archive E-Books Why We Are At War 2 The
    The Imperial German government, on the 3Ist of January, announced to this If it is still the purpose of the Imperial German government to prosecute
    http://historicaltextarchive.com/books.php?op=viewbook&bookid=66&cid=2

    138. Linux Contract Treads On Microsoft Turf | CNET News.com
    The German government has signed a deal with IBM and Linux company SuSE that It s a first step by the German government to put Linux in information
    http://news.com.com/2100-1001-931027.html
    CNET News.com
    CNET tech sites: Track thousands of Web sites in one place: Newsburst Enterprise Hardware
    Linux contract treads on Microsoft turf
    Published: June 3, 2002, 12:05 PM PDT By Stephen Shankland
    Staff Writer
    TrackBack Print E-mail TalkBack The German government has signed a deal with IBM and Linux company SuSE that makes it easier for government offices to use the open-source operating system, a move that addresses concerns about relying too heavily on Microsoft products. The government isn't mandating the use of Linux, but the deal makes it possible for hundreds of federal, regional and local governments to purchase IBM computers running SuSE's version of Linux at a discount price, said German foreign ministry spokesman Dirk Inger. The purchasing framework covers both desktop computers, where Microsoft has its stronghold, and more powerful networked server systems where Linux is a stronger competitor. The deal provides an open-source counterweight to an earlier discount arrangement with Microsoft.

    139. Modern History Sourcebook: Molotov: Nazi Invasion Of Russia 1941
    that the German government had decided to launch war against the USSR in German government had not presented any claims to the Soviet government,
    http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1941molotov.html
    Back to Modern History SourceBook
    Modern History Sourcebook
    Molotov:
    Reaction to German Invasion of 1941
    Vyacheslav Molotov (1889-1986), Foreign Minister of the Soviet Union, had signed the Nazi-Soviet Non-aggression Pact on August 23, 1939. This bought the USSR two years in which to prepare for the Nazi attack, but in the meantime encouraged Hitler's aggression against Poland. By 1941 it was the Soviet Union's turn. For years, Hitler had claimed that Germany's future living space, or lebensraum, existed to Germany's east, namely Russia. He then turned his attention toward the Soviet Union and launched a massive attack on June 22, 1941. Below is the initial Soviet reaction, broadcast to the people by Molotov.
    Citizens of the Soviet Union:
    The Soviet Government and its head, Comrade Stalin, have authorized me to make the following statement: Today at 4 o'clock a.m., without any claims having been presented to the Soviet Union, without a declaration of war, German troops attacked our country, attacked our borders at many points and bombed from their airplanes our cities; Zhitomir, Kiev, Sevastopol, Kaunas and some others, killing and wounding over two hundred persons. There were also enemy air raids and artillery shelling from Rumanian and Finnish territory.

    140. C: The First World War, 1914-1918
    The German government gave Vienna green light for a punitive action against To sum up, the German government s responsibility for the outbreak of the
    http://www.colby.edu/personal/r/rmscheck/GermanyC1.html
    C: The First World War, 1914-1918
    See also documentary archive of World War I
    C.1. German Responsibility for the Outbreak of the War
    The importance of the war 1914-1918:
    The First World War was fought by armies whose size was unprecedented in history. At the same time, new weapons appeared such as machine guns, tanks, poison gas, airplanes, submarines. The civilian population became a target of war; while the British blockade tried to starve the Germans and their allies into submission, German submarines tried to cut Britain off from its supplies. The new weapons created new horrors of war. Eight million soldiers died on the front lines or at sea. Millions of wounded soldiers remained handicapped, and millions never came to terms with the trauma of war. A single battle could claim hundred thousands of lives on both sides. More than before, the war effort depended on the support and willingness to sacrifice of whole peoples. Women and children often took over the jobs of men in industry and agriculture. In Germany and Austria food became so scarce that famines occurred from 1916 on. To support more than four years of industrialized warfare, national governments almost everywhere faced tasks of an unexpected nature and magnitude. They had to ensure industrial production for the fighting while millions of able-bodied men between age 18 and 55 served in the military; they had to organize the food supply and keep up morale at home and in the front lines; new administrative offices were created, and the state bureaucracy reached into new realms. All this was only partially reversed after 1918.

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