81. Columbia Magazine Westerntrained citizens of the former ussr to mdernize rusty old Soviet By 2007, the Georgian government should be picking up the entire salary tab http://www.columbia.edu/cu/alumni/Magazine/Winter2005/saakashvili.html

Rose Revolutionary By Erin Arvedlund It's not unheard of for young , Western-trained citizens of the former USSR to mdernize rusty old Soviet industries. As president of Geotgia, Mikhail Saakashvili wants to clean up his whole country. Mikhail Saakashvili was inaugurated as president of Georgia in Tbilisi on January 25, 2004. Secretary of State Colin Powell attended the ceremony and met with Saakashvili. Back in the Ex-USSR Coup Two A month before his inauguration, Mikhail Saakashvili joined worshippers in celebration of the Orthodox Christmas Eve. Atlanta Journal-Constitution Seeking Stability Photo by Lynn Saville Extreme Makeover Novaya Gazeta Washington Post Erin Arvedlund is the business correspondent for the Moscow bureau.

82. Global Vision For Predvestnik Distributors in Armenia and georgia may send Predvestnik to Azerbaijan. Russian is still the primary language spoken in the former ussr. http://www.forerunner.com/predvestnik/X0009_Global_Vision_for_Pr.html

Global Vision for Predvestnik By Sergei Zavgorodny English translation by Roman Medvid The Global Vision for Predvestnik and Media House International - To build a distribution network that will blanket all of the former USSR; to reach China with the printed word; and to penetrate the Muslim world with the Gospel. Predvestnik's Current Distribution Network Predvestnik has been distributed in every former Soviet republic with the exception of Turkmenistan and Tadjikistan. We have been limited in Tadjikistan by the war between the radical Muslims and the existing government; and in Turkmenistan by the restrictive religious situation. * In Kazakhstan, a huge territory in central Asia, there are some Christian churches in Alma Ata and another large city, Karaganda. The churches are mainly made up of Russian Christians. Outside the major cities there are few churches. The ethnic Kazakhi Muslim population remains largely unreached. Predvestnik is received in Alma Ata, a city of over one million people. We currently distribute over 25 percent of our newspapers in Kazakhstan through two distributors. There is a large Christian ministry in Alma Ata called "Agapé" which maintains contacts with every church in Kazakhstan. They distribute Predvestnik throughout their region. There is a mission called "Grace" in Karaganda (central Kazakhstan) which also directly receives a smaller order of Predvestnik. There is an huge opportunity for us in this area alone.

83. ABKHAZIA.ORG - Georgia Contemporary Life And Politics georgia was, in the last decades of the ussr, always open to Westerners, georgia (and Yeltsin s Russia) today as it ever did to the former ussr. http://www.abkhazia.org/georgia.html

GEORGIA: CONTEMPORARY LIFE AND POLITICS B. G. Hewitt Professor of Caucasian Languages in the University of London (Adapted from an Oxford seminar-talk given on 20 May 1995) General Setting History Georgia under ... to be done? General Setting Georgia is called sakartvelo in Georgian the GR-components, seen also in the Russian form Gruzija , have nothing to do with St. George (as is often erroneously stated), the country's patron-saint, but seem to have derived via Persian in an attempt to render the Armenian VR-sequence of Virk' , the old nominative plural meaning 'Georgians', vs i Vrac' 'among the Georgians' recall that today's eastern Georgia was known to the ancient world as Iberia/Iveria . Of the three Transcaucasian states (Georgia, Armenia, Azerbaijan) Georgia is the westernmost and occupies part of the Black Sea coast. The Georgian language belongs to the small family known as South Caucasian (or Kartvelian, from kartveli History Many (if not most) Georgians tend to suffer from a naïve belief that the frontiers of Georgia as presently recognised have always encompassed a Georgian state some carry this to extremes and feel that territory either occupied by any group of Kartvelians or subject to Georgian control at any time in the past remains in some sense God-given Georgian land. I firmly believe that part of the country's present troubles can be traced to this view, and external observers should strenuously guard against falling prey to the same assumption. With Byzantium's power on the wane along the Black Sea coast in Transcaucasia in the late 8th century, Leon II, potentate of the Abkhazians, took his opportunity and 'seized [in Georgian

84. [lbo-talk] Putin Government And The USSR Led by a former KGB officer, Russia has increasingly engaged in nostalgia The growth of official public nostalgia for the ussr which has discouraged http://mailman.lbo-talk.org/pipermail/lbo-talk/Week-of-Mon-20050509/009498.html

[lbo-talk] Putin government and the USSR Marvin Gandall marvgandall at rogers.com Tue May 10 05:44:18 PDT 2005 Previous message: [lbo-talk] Stop Labeling and Start Organizing! Next message: Messages sorted by: [ date ] [ thread ] [ subject ] [ author ] Search LBO-Talk Archives Limit search to: Subject Author Sort by: Date Rank Author Subject Reverse Sort Bush, Putin Mark a Shared Victory Leaders Put Differences Aside on 60th Anniversary of Nazis' Defeat By Peter Baker and Peter Finn Washington Post Foreign Service Tuesday, May 10, 2005; Page A01 MOSCOW, May 9 The goose-stepping troops hoisted hammer-and-sickle banners bearing the visages of the Soviet icon Vladimir Lenin. Gray-haired veterans waved red flowers from truckbeds, their chests brimming with medals and ribbons, their faces etched with the wear and tear of hard lives. The boom of artillery fire thundered across the air and jets roared overhead. [...] The celebration came at a time of continuing change for Russia, which is still searching for a national identity nearly 14 years after it emerged from the wreckage of the Soviet Union. Led by a former KGB officer, Russia has increasingly engaged in nostalgia for what many feel to be the glory of their fallen empire. [...] Full: http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/05/09/AR2005050900152.html

85. Pravda.RU Russian Space Centres Protected Well MOSCOW WANTS georgia TO STOP CONNIVING AT INTERNATIONAL TERRORISTS The RussianForeign Ministry has Pravda.RUBest articles on this weekFormer ussr http://english.pravda.ru/cis/2001/09/18/

Sep, 18 2001 Accidents Companies Culture Diplomatic ... About [an error occurred while processing this directive] Pravda.RU:Former USSR ECONOMIC COOPERATION BETWEEN LITHUANIA AND RUSSIA TO BE DISCUSSED BY LITHUANIA'S PRIME MINISTER Expansion of cooperation between Lithuania and Russia is to be discussed with the Russian leadership by Lithuania's Prime Minister Algirdas Brazauskas during his working visit to Moscow, which begins on September 20. More detail KYRGYZSTAN OFFERS USA ALL IT KNOWS ABOUT TERROR IN ITS AREA Kyrgyzstan is willing to offer to the USA whatever information about terrorist organisations in its part of the world which will reach its secret services, Misir Ashirkulov, national Security Council Secretary, said after the US Embassy made a related request to the secret service top yesterday. More detail RUSSIAN SECURITY COUNCIL SECRETARY ARRIVED IN TASHKENT Russian Security Council Secretary Vladimir Rushailo arrived in Tashkent, the Uzbek capital, Tuesday. Rushailo is visiting the Central-Asian countries on the instructions of President Vladimir Putin. More detail UKRAINE PROPOSES USA TO USE ITS AIR SPACE Ukraine will not object its air space exploitation by American military aircraft in case of carrying out operations connected with September 11 terrorist attacks in the USA, Head of the Ukrainian parliamentary committee for national security and defence Boris Andresyuk told journalists Tuesday. The terrorists must be punished and Ukraine will assist it, the deputy noted.

86. Pravda.RU John Paul II Departs From Armenia There are impending terror trends in georgia, warned President Eduard Shevardnadzeas he was addressing Pravda.RUBest articles on this weekFormer ussr http://english.pravda.ru/cis/2001/09/27/

Sep, 27 2001 Former USSR Main Accidents World ... About [an error occurred while processing this directive] Pravda.RU:Former USSR JOHN PAUL II DEPARTS FROM ARMENIA The jet of Armenian Airlines, carrying Pope John Paul II, has taken off from Yerevan's Zvartnots airport and set course for Rome. This ended on Thursday history's first visit by a head of the Roman Catholic Church to Armenia, which this year celebrates 17 centuries of the Armenian Apostolic Church. More details CIS HEADS OF STATE PLAN TO ADOPT DECLARATION ON TERRORISM A session of the CIS Council of Heads of State, scheduled for Friday in Moscow, is expected to adopt, on Russia's initiative, a declaration on the struggle against terrorism, Tatiana Razbash, press-secretary of the Russian prime minister, said on Thursday. According to her, the meeting is expected to be attended by Russian President Vladimir Putin. More details MOLDOVAN PARLIAMENT ADOPTED ANTI-TERRORISM LAW The parliament of Moldova adopted Thursday the law on combat against terrorism. Valeriu Pasat, the Director of Moldovan Information and Security Service, said that the country needed this law since Moldova was not prepared for terrorist acts despite their real threat. More details COMBAT AGAINST TERRORISM AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION DISCUSSED AT CIS PREMIERS' MEETING IN MOSCOW The regular session of the CIS Premiers' Council is due to be held Friday, September 28, in Moscow.

87. Panic Over SAT Scores - In The Former USSR? | Csmonitor.com Panic over SAT scores in the former ussr? In 2002, the Georgian governmenthired ETS and American Councils to help create the National Assessment and http://www.csmonitor.com/2005/0505/p11s02-legn.html

WORLD USA COMMENTARY LEARNING ... Text Edition Search: Special Offer: Subscribe to the Monitor and get 32 issues FREE! In Learning: Quality redo for women dropouts What is this? Kidspace A weekly feature for students aged 6 to 14. Teachers : Don't miss our Kidspace archive 'Don't forget us' 50 years of integration Competition for college ... more projects... Most-viewed stories: (for 09/20/05) Before the oil runs out: How will this era end? Why the lights mostly stayed on in the US this summer A retro look to next US spacecraft Cost of Katrina relief splits Republican ranks ... Learning from the May 05, 2005 edition Panic over SAT scores - in the former USSR? By Daria Vaisman TBLISI, GEORGIA In the United States, high school juniors are busy attending prep classes and memorizing lists of vocabulary words to prepare for their SAT exams. In post-Soviet Georgia, however, students aren't sure exactly what to do. This Sunday, a selected number of Georgian high school students will be taking a pilot version of a new standardized exam designed to determine which students will be admitted to the country's universities. In the Monitor Thursday, 09/22/05

88. Encyclopedia: Soviet Union The ussr state motto appeared in the language of the 15 Soviet Republics in the From its first years, government in the Soviet Union was based on the http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Soviet-Union

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Related Articles People who viewed "Soviet Union" also viewed: Soviet union Union of Soviet Socialist Republics USSR Republics of the Soviet Union ... Soviet Empire What's new? Our next offering Latest newsletter Student area Lesson plans Recent Updates Zoolander Yohogania County Yleisradio Yerba mate ... More Recent Articles Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Taxed Most Populous ... More Stats Encyclopedia: Soviet Union Updated 21 hours 8 minutes ago. Other descriptions of Soviet Union Soyuz Sovetskikh Sotsialisticheskikh Respublik other languages In Detail In Detail State motto ... transliteration : Proletarii vsekh stran, soedinyaytes'!) Russian Workers of the world, unite! Official language None; Russian de facto Capital Moscow ... Area 1st before collapse 22,402,200 km² Population Density 3rd before collapse 293,047,571 (July 1991) 13.08/km (July 1991) Establishment December 30 February 1 Dissolution December 26 ... UTC +3 to +11 National anthems The Internationale Hymn of the Soviet Union listen ... edit "Soviet" redirects here. For other uses, see Soviet (disambiguation) The Soviet Union (Сове́тский Сою́з; tr.:

89. Islam In The USSR Islam in China Islam in Malaysia Islam in the ussr Present situation The former Communist Party and KGB had such terrible noose around them that http://members.tripod.com/worldupdates/islamintheworld/id21.htm

var TlxPgNm='id21'; setAdGroup('67.18.104.18'); var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "tripod.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Search: Lycos Tripod 40 Yr Old Virgin Share This Page Report Abuse Edit your Site ... Next Islam in the World Islam in China Islam in Malaysia Islam in the USSR Present situation of Soviet Muslims Islam in Albania Islam in Africa Islam in West Africa ... HOME AL-ISLAAH PUBLICATIONS HOME Islam in the USSR Islam in China Islam in Malaysia Islam in the USSR Present situation of Soviet Muslims Islam in Albania Islam in Africa Islam in West Africa ... Islam in Japan Islam in the World Islam in the USSR by A. Kalaam The Republic of Uzbekistan The Republic of Tajikistan The Republic of Turkmenia The Republic of Kirghizia ... Muslims in European Russia [There are about 80 million Muslims in what was Soviet Union. In spite of their number, the outside world seems to know little about them. Of the 16 states that comprised the Soviet Union, Muslims were in majority in eight of them when the Communists took over in 1917. The Muslim majority areas in what was the Soviet Union were: 1. Uzbekistan, 2. Tajikistan, 3. Azerbaijan, 4. Georgia and Armenia, 5. Kazakhstan, 6. Kirghizia, 7. Tatar and Bashkar, 8. Caucasia and 9. Cremia. Islam was introduced in Uzbekistan in the 8th century during the time of the Umayyad Caliph Abdul Malik bin Marwan. For twelve hundred years, the entire area remained under Muslim rule. Uzbekistan has produced several renowned scholars of Hadith and Fiqh, besides leading Muslim philosophers, physicians and mathematicians. It was also in the early 8th century, the entire population of Tajikistan embraced Islam, even before the message of Islam reached Afghanistan. The message of Islam reached Azerbaijan in 14 AH (636 CE), and it became a part of the Islamic world in the year 113 AH during the period of Umayyad Caliph Hisham bin Abdul Malik.

90. [07 Nov 1995] GA/SHC/3313 : INTERNATIONAL ACTION TO RESOLVE PROBLEMS OF REFUGEES Governments should, as a matter of priority, tackle the root causes of conflictsthat of persons from hot spots of the former ussr such as Azerbaijan, http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs/1995/19951107.gashc33.13.html

7 November 1995 Press Release GA/SHC/3313 INTERNATIONAL ACTION TO RESOLVE PROBLEMS OF REFUGEES AND DISPLACED PERSONS SHOULD TACKLE ROOT CAUSES, THIRD COMMITTEE SPEAKERS STATE International action aimed at solving the situation of refugees and displaced persons should focus on tackling the root causes of the problem, speakers stated in the Third Committee (Social, Humanitarian and Cultural) this morning as it continued consideration of refugees problems and related issues. The representative of Spain, speaking on behalf of the European Union, Bulgaria, Hungary, Slovenia and Romania, said the best way to cope with a refugee crisis was to prevent it from occurring. Governments should, as a matter of priority, tackle the root causes of conflicts that could trigger refugee flows. The need for the international community to address appropriate structural solutions for problems of development and poverty, as a fundamental cause of the refugee problem, was emphasized by the representative of Brazil. The representative of China said that measures to remove the root causes of the refugee problem included respecting the territorial integrity of States; taking steps against the dismemberment of States under the pretext of self-determination; and the strengthening of economic cooperation among various countries and regions.

91. FORUM 21 Professor Gachechiladze indicated that he thought that former Georgian leader Georgian government leader Eduard Shevardnadze is a controversial figure. http://www.ndu.edu/inss/strforum/SF_21/forum21.html

Number 21, March 1995 The Conflict in Abkhazia: A Georgian Perspective Professor Zaza Gachechiladze About the Discussion Note: Opinions, conclusions, and recommendations expressed or implied in this paper are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the views of the Institute for National Strategic Studies, National Defense University, the Department of Defense or any other government agency. The Conflict in Abkhazia The conflict in Abkhazia ended tragically in the autumn of 1993. Some viewed the conflict as an ethnic clash between Abkhazians and Georgians, but it was much more complex than that. There were many nationality groups involved, including ethnic Abkhazians, Georgians, Russians, the Confederation of North Caucasian Mountain Peoples, Armenians, and Turks. Dr. Gachechiladze provided the following background on the positions of these groups: Abkhazians for a long time were integrated with Georgians. For social reasons, Abkhazians were cited as Abkhazians on their passports. Being identified as an Abkhazian provided individuals with certain advantages in the former U.S.S.R. and in Abkhazia itself. The highest ranking officials in institutions in Abkhazia were Abkhazians. From the some 70,000 Abkhazians, only a few hundred started aggravating the situation in Abkhazia. Abkhazian leaders were Leninists and pressed for separation from Georgia. They sought support from people who had been associated with the former Communist Party of the Soviet Union and from the Russian armed forces.

92. -[ Ruv.net ]- : Political Art - USSR Motherland - Communist Style The Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (ussr or Soviet Union; of the ussrthe collapse of the ussr ussr breakup afghanistan ussr former ussr countries http://www.ruv.net/political_art.916.0.html

Displaying results 1 to 4 out of rahul sharma from india rahul_dmx(at)yahoo.com September 21, 2005, 7:41 am rahul sharma from india rahul_dmx(at)yahoo.com September 21, 2005, 7:40 am larry larry hanson from indonesia h4nson_pabolon(at)yahoo.com August 8, 2005, 11:11 am Mikhal Rasputin from America jynx_undergroundracer(at)hotmail.com June 26, 2005, 11:48 pm Firstname Surname E-Mail Website Place Message This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Open Source License

93. Russia Fumbles, And Former Sphere Of Influence Deflates Moscow Has All But Lost after the overthrow of governments in georgia and Ukraine, Russia s formerpartner states in the Soviet Union have in many cases clung to power with http://www.ukemonde.com/putin/russiafumbles.html

Russia Fumbles, and Former Sphere of Influence Deflates Moscow has all but lost a hold on ex-Soviet states by underestimating the populace, analysts say. By Kim Murphy, Times Staff Writer March 26, 2005 MOSCOW — The revolt in Kyrgyzstan that toppled Russia's strongest ally in Central Asia was the result of the latest in what analysts say is an astonishing and painful series of diplomatic missteps by Moscow. Three largely nonviolent revolutions over the last 16 months have all but eliminated Moscow's attempt to dominate the former Soviet states that were once part of its unquestioned empire. The sudden collapse of Kyrgyz President Askar A. Akayev's regime, after the overthrow of governments in Georgia and Ukraine, highlights the fundamental frailty of corrupt, unpopular post-Soviet regimes across the region — most seriously, potentially, in Russia itself. As a result, the once-formidable power wielded by the Kremlin in the three former Soviet capitals has given way to an increasingly influential diplomatic role for the United States and Europe — in part, analysts say, because of Russia's failure to successfully manage foreign policy in a region it has declared vital to its own strategic interests. "The entire world has now seen that Russia is powerless and incapable of doing anything. And next time, no one will even think about resorting to Russia's mediation services and patronage," said Stanislav Belkovsky, a political analyst with close ties to the Kremlin. "Everyone understands that the big lion is dead, and should not be feared."

94. Embassy Of The Republic Of Azerbaijan In The People`s Republic Of Based on the laws and Constitution of the former ussr. The Azerbaijanigovernment quickly rejected this request on the basis of the ussr Constitution of http://www.azerbembassy.org.cn/eng/back_legal.html

95. Former Soviet Union, December 1992 Chronology of the former Soviet Union. Nechayev says the government willprobably resign if the reform plan is put in danger by tomorrow s CPD vote on http://www.philipjohnston.com/centraleurope/chron/fsu/1992dec.htm

01.12.1992 Congress of Peoples Deputies opens. Yeltsin angers hardline opponents by accusing them of obstructing his reform. His call to reduce their own jurisdiction and extend his powers was greeted with groans. He calls for an open-ended "period of stabilisation." He wants the Congress to delegate more legislative powers to the standing parliament (Supreme Soviet) and concentrate on adopting a new constitution. cf: CPD vote 531-242 to clip the president's wings concerning appointments. Khasbulatov gains hearty applause as he describes the struggle for or against reform as "nothing but primitive propaganda. The number of anti-reformers among us, of those who are against market relations, is infinitessimal." Pointing at the tendency towards social market economies he says "It would be na?ve to try and ignore this tendency and Americanise our economy .. The most important task before this Congress is to choose between these two models of economic development." Only a narrow majority voted to allow Gaidar to bring his report on the economy before Congress.

96. Nations Of The Former Soviet Union Niyazov, a former communist technocrat, declared himself President for Life These first coins of georgia, struck in 1993, reflect the nations ancient http://www.joelscoins.com/russia2.htm

ON-LINE ORDER FORM Interesting Stuff Catalog Interesting Stuff Index NATIONS OF THE FORMER SOVIET UNION A selection of coins from nations that emerged after the collapse of the Soviet Union SCARCE NAGORNO-KARABAKH COINS Nagorno-Karabakh is an ethnically Armenian enclave of Azerbaijan Item L-NK-1 NAGORNO-KARABAKH 25,000 DRAMS 1998 Avo, Silver PF (KM1) $52.50 Item L-NK-1A NAGORNO-KARABAKH 25,000 DRAMS 1998 Avo Gold Plated PF (KM1a) $60.00 Item L-NK-5 NAGORNO-KARABAKH 25,000 DRAMS 1994/1998 2 busts Silver PF (KM5) $52.50 Item L-NK-5A NAGORNO-KARABAKH 25,000 DRAMS 1994/1998 2 busts Gold Plated PF (KM5a) $60.00 Item L-NK-6 NAGORNO-KARABAKH 25,000 DRAMS 1998 Astghik Silver PF (KM16) $55.00 Item L-NK-6A NAGORNO-KARABAKH 25,000 DRAMS 1998 Astghik Gold Plated PF $65.00 I tem L-NK-ALL SET OF ALL ABOVE 6 COINS $349.50 Click Here for NEW NAGARNO-KARABAKH COINS AND PAPER MONEY ARMENIA'S FIRST MODERN COINS With the collapse of the Soviet Union in 1991 Armenia again emerged as an independent nation after centuries of foreign domination. In 1994 it issued its first coins as an independent nation in over 500 years! We are pleased to offer the full set of seven set coins. Included are the 10, 20, 50 Luma, 1, 3, 5, and 10 Dram. The coins are struck in aluminum and are Uncirculated. Item L-AM-SET94 ARMENIA 1994 7 COIN SET 10 LUMA - 10 DRAM (KM51-58) UNC. $2.50

97. RADIO FREE EUROPE/ RADIO LIBERTY The Georgian newspaper Tribuna in two articles on 5 and 12 May 2003 claimedthat Soros was News Advocacy Group Says Media Constrained In former ussr http://www.rferl.org/featuresarticleprint/2005/04/47268268-9e3d-414a-928d-435ff4

select your text size: small medium large print now Tuesday, 19 April 2005 East: Regime Change On The Cheap By Julie A. Corwin A persistent impression in the non-Western media is that the U.S. government along with a group of Western foundations financed the recent revolutions in Kyrgyzstan, Ukraine, and Georgia by funneling money to the revolutions' most activist element, young people. In many cases, the press has exaggerated the level of direct foreign funding available to youth movements such as Serbia's Otpor, Georgia's Kmara, and Ukraine's Pora. Western organizations such as the U.S. National Endowment for Democracy and International Republican Institute did provide direct funding to youth organizations though the amounts were not tens of millions, but tens of thousands of dollars. The Advantage Of Nonviolence Of all the youth groups, Serbia's Otpor was perhaps the biggest beneficiary. Writing in the book "A Force More Powerful: A Century of Nonviolent Conflict" (Palgrave: 2001), Peter Ackerman and Jack Duvall conclude that Otpor managed to do what previous Serbian opposition groups could not, tap into financial or material support from the international community by professing a philosophy of nonviolence. The U.S. Agency for International Development, according to the authors, provided the bulk of financing for Otpor's ubiquitous stickers and T-shirts bearing the message "He's finished," among others. The Soros Foundation also provided monies to Otpor. The National Endowment for Democracy (NED), which is funded by the U.S. Congress through the State Department authorizations bill, granted Otpor more than $282,000 directly in the year 2000 alone, according to NED records. This money was earmarked to establish new Otpor branches and offices in towns and cities throughout Serbia and for a bus tour to encourage voter participation in the September 2000 presidential elections. Also in 2000, the International Republican Institute received $74,735 from NED to assist Otpor in establishing a central office in Belgrade and offices in three other Serbian cities, according to the NED.

98. Project MUSE In the fall of 1991, as the ussr crumbled in the wake of the failed August They want no part of the property or outstanding claims of the former Soviet http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_democracy/v007/7.1kolsto.html

How Do I Get This Article? Athens Login Access Restricted This article is available through Project MUSE, an electronic journals collection made available to subscribing libraries NOTE: Please do NOT contact Project MUSE for a login and password. See How Do I Get This Article? for more information. Login: Password: Your browser must have cookies turned on Kolsto, Pal "Nation-Building in the Former USSR" Journal of Democracy - Volume 7, Number 1, January 1996, pp. 118-132 The Johns Hopkins University Press Excerpt Journal of Democracy In formal terms, 15 new states appeared on the Eurasian landmass with the demise of the Soviet Union. Yet "states" in the true sense do not spring full-grown from declarations of independence or extensions of international recognition. A truly sovereign state must control its own frontiers, monopolize the legitimate use of force within those frontiers, suppress all or most "private" wielders of force (such as warlords or criminal gangs), collect tolls and taxes, and the like. An administrative apparatus equal to these tasks is needed, as is a broad social consensus on the rules and routines to be used. In the fall of 1991, as the USSR crumbled in the wake of the failed August coup, none of its prospective successor states met these preconditions. They had troops and military installations not under their command on their territories. The levers of economic policy, too, were beyond their control. Their borders with each other were undefended, unpatrolled, and in many cases not even adequately marked.

99. NewsFromRussia.Com Ukrainian Court Releases Regional Official On Bail Pravda.RUFormer USSRMore in detail Yushchenko s government has insistedrepeatedly the case against Kolesnikov was not politically motivated, http://newsfromrussia.com/cis/2005/08/02/60917.html

Pravda.ru Russia Science and Health World ... Opinion pravda.ru sites ... News from Russia /English/ PhotoReports /English/ Forum /English/ FunReports /English/ Pravda.Ru /Portuguese/ Pravda.Ru /Russian/ News /Russian/ Forum /Russian/ Politics /Russian/ World /Russian/ Culture /Russain/ Science /Russian/ Economics /Russian/ Society /Russian/ Districts /Russian/ Accidents /Russian/ Sport /Russian/ Market /Russian/ Lady Pravda.Ru /Russian/ Fark.Ru /Russian/ Health /Russian/ Russia World Science and Culture Accidents ... About Pravda.RU:Former USSR:More in detail Ukrainian court releases regional official on bail A court in Kiev released Borys Kolesnikov - a former regional leader and ally of ex-President of Ukraine Leonid Kuchma. The arrest procreated allegations of political opression by new leaders of the country. Kolesnikov, the ex-head of the legislature in the eastern Donetsk region, was released on bail, said Kolesnikov's lawyer Andriy Fedur. Kolesnikov, who has been held since April 6, faces charges of abuse of office, extortion and making a death threat. Kolesnikov's supporters say he was targeted because of his ties with former Prime Minister Viktor Yanukovych, who lost last year's bitter presidential election to former opposition leader Viktor

100. NewsFromRussia.Com Ukrainian Agriculture Minister Angered With Government Policy Ukrainian agriculture minister angered with government policy on sugar import . Pravda.RUFormer USSRMore in detail http://newsfromrussia.com/cis/2005/08/03/60986.html

Pravda.ru Russia Science and Health World ... Opinion pravda.ru sites ... News from Russia /English/ PhotoReports /English/ Forum /English/ FunReports /English/ Pravda.Ru /Portuguese/ Pravda.Ru /Russian/ News /Russian/ Forum /Russian/ Politics /Russian/ World /Russian/ Culture /Russain/ Science /Russian/ Economics /Russian/ Society /Russian/ Districts /Russian/ Accidents /Russian/ Sport /Russian/ Market /Russian/ Lady Pravda.Ru /Russian/ Fark.Ru /Russian/ Health /Russian/ Russia World Science and Culture Accidents ... About Pravda.RU:Former USSR:More in detail Ukrainian agriculture minister angered with government policy on sugar import Ukraine's Agriculture Minister Oleksandar Baranivsky criticized the government for a decree that is likely to allow import of thousands of tons of Brazilian sugar. Baranivsky said the decree allows state-run companies, including oil and gas company Naftogaz Ukraine, to import some 30,000 tons of processed sugar cane from Brazil in a deal worth tens of millions of dollars (euros). According to the decree, the deal is aimed at stabilizing sugar prices, which have risen sharply in recent months, pinching consumers in this impoverished ex-Soviet republic. Baranivsky, however, called the deal "a scheme ... tailored to siphon more (government's) money ... by allowing importers of the raw sugar to avoid paying taxes and customs."

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 5     81-100 of 103    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | 6  | Next 20