61. Kerchner's DNA Testing & Genetic Genealogy Information And Resources Page (dna) testing Information for genealogy Research Uses. (dna) Links Between ThomasJefferson and Sally Hemings gene Test Helps Scientist Trace Family Name http://www.kerchner.com/dna-info.htm

Download free copy of my - a Genetic Genealogy 101 report. Read and review online my Genetic Genealogy Glossary of Genetic Genealogy terms and definitions. Check out new Genetic Genealogy DNA Testing Dictionary . Put help with the terminology at your fingertips. Visit my pioneering Kerchner's Genetic Genealogy Y-DNA Surname Project Read some Success Stories from my personal Kerchner surname Y-DNA project. Order some Recommended Books to learn more about DNA, DNA testing, and Genetic Genealogy. Learn more about DNA tests from FamilyTreeDNA.com and how to order a DNA test kit. Help support this DNA testing info and resources page. Check out the DNA Haplogroup Pins. Download link to get Adobe Acrobat Reader latest version for free. Genetic Genealogy Information Website Links Genetics Basics, Terms, Papers, and Tools A Simple Chart Showing Y-DNA (male line) and mtDNA (female line) Inheritance Lines Basic Genetics (Genetics 101) DNA From The Beginning Why Y? (An article about why the Y chromosome is special) ... Kerchner's List of Recommended Books to Read To Learn More About DNA and DNA Testing Y-DNA Surname Projects, DNA Projects of Interest, and Other Sundry Sites Kerchner Surname Project Mumma Surname DNA Project Duerinck Surname DNA Project Roper Surname Genetics Project ... DNAList.net List of Y-DNA Surname Projects - Also includes Ethnic and Geographical DNA Projects

62. HD Gene, DNA Banking & Genetic Testing Finding the gene is expected to simplify the testing process. Thus, it isour recommendation that families continue to store (dna) on persons who are http://www.iupui.edu/~medgen/hereditary/huntington_facts.html

Division of Hereditary Genomics Hereditary Genomics Research FACTS ABOUT FINDING THE HD GENE, DNA BANKING AND GENETIC TESTING FOR HUNTINGTON DISEASE In 1983, a major breakthrough was made in the search for the cause of Huntingtons Disease. A DNA marker for the HD gene was found by Dr. James Gusella, of Massachusetts General Hospital. Although this marker was not the gene itself, its discovery meant that scientists were close to locating the gene. Subsequently, many other markers were found. Finding these markers made it possible to offer a presymptomatic test to persons who were at-risk for HD. However, not everyone could use this test because it required that an at-risk person have blood samples available from extended family members, both affected and unaffected. Our recommendation at that time was that regardless of whether or not a family member had decided to use testing, families should go ahead and store samples from family members who were affected, elderly or crucial to the testing process. After nearly ten years of effort, an international team of scientists headed by Dr. Gusella has identified the gene which causes HD. It took an intense scientific effort and the phenomenal cooperation of families to accomplish this task. Along with finding the gene, comes a host of new questions:

63. JS Online: Health Care On Edge Of DNA Revolution Health care on edge of (dna) revolution. genetic testing offers promise of gene testing could save untold lives through prevention and early detection. http://www.jsonline.com/alive/news/dec02/105141.asp?format=print

64. Jewish Genetics - DNA, Genes, Jews, Ashkenazi Advanced genetic testing, including Y(dna) and mt(dna) haplotyping, Another formof the gene is found among Iraqi Jews, North African Jews, and Armenians. http://www.khazaria.com/genetics/abstracts.html

Jewish Genetics: Abstracts and Summaries A collection of abstracts and reviews of books, articles, and genetic studies Family Tree DNA: Genetic Testing Service Get genetically tested to discover your relationship to other families, other Jews, and other ethnic groups Featured books on genetics How to DNA Test Our Family Relationships The Practical Guide to the Genetic Family History The Seven Daughters of Eve: The Science that Reveals Our Genetic Ancestry ... Studies of Jewish Populations Advanced genetic testing, including Y-DNA and mtDNA haplotyping, of modern Jewish communities around the world, has helped to determine which of the communities are likely to descend from the Israelites and which are not, as well as to establish the degrees of separation between the groups. Important studies archived here include the University College London study of 2002, Ariella Oppenheim's study of 2001, Ariella Oppenheim's study of 2000, Michael Hammer's study of 2000, and others. Key findings: The main ethnic element of Ashkenazim (German and Eastern European Jews), Sephardim (Spanish and Portuguese Jews), Mizrakhim (Middle Eastern Jews), Juhurim (Mountain Jews of the Caucasus), Italqim (Italian Jews), and most other modern Jewish populations of the world is Israelite. The Israelite haplotypes fall into haplogroups J and E. Ashkenazim also descend, in a smaller way, from European peoples such as Slavs and Khazars. The non-Israelite haplogroups include Q (typically Central Asian) and R1a1 (typically Eastern European).

65. MoSt GeNe/Genetic Drift/DNA Testing For Hereditary Hemochromatosis Introduction; Key Points; The HH gene and mutations; Indications for (dna) A (dna) test for hemochromatosis has recently become available and will be a http://www.mostgene.org/gd/gdvol14c.htm

Previous Section This Issue- Table of Contents Next Section Molecular Genetic Testing in Mainstream Medicine Vol. 14: Spring, 1997 DNA Testing for Hereditary Hemochromatosis Introduction Key Points The HH gene and mutations Indications for DNA testing ... Illustrative case report Introduction Hereditary hemochromatosis (HH) is regarded as the most common genetic disorder in Caucasians, with an estimated prevalence of 1/200-1/400 (homozygotes) and a carrier frequency (heterozygotes) of 1/8-1/10. It is an excellent example of a common genetic disorder with high morbidity and mortality which is preventable if diagnosed early. A DNA test for hemochromatosis has recently become available and will be a valuable aid for early detection of this disorder. Hemochromatosis is characterized by increased iron absorption in the intestine, resulting in a gradual build-up of excess iron (iron overload). Most homozygotes develop symptoms in adulthood, although the age of onset has been as young as 2 years. Heterozygotes are usually asymptomatic. Early symptoms in homozygotes are multisystemic and often non-specific, including malaise, fatigue, impotence, abdominal pain, or joint pain. As iron storage increases, deposits occur in organs such as the liver, heart, and pancreas, leading to organ damage and dysfunction.

66. Rapid DNA Probe Could Lead To Low-cost Tests For Genetic Diseases a chemical probe that rapidly detects singlegene mutations in human (dna). Techniques like the PNA probe will make gene testing applicable to very http://www.stanford.edu/dept/news/pr/96/960320zaregene.html

NEWS RELEASE CONTACT: Stanford University News Service (415) 723-2558 Rapid DNA probe could lead to low-cost tests for genetic diseases STANFORD An international team of scientists has developed a chemical probe that rapidly detects single-gene mutations in human DNA. The researchers say that their method, reported in scientific correspondence to the March 21st issue of the journal Nature , could lead to a practical, low-cost method to screen for any genetic disease where the mutations that cause the disease are known, and occur at no more than a few positions in the DNA. The probe takes advantage of the unique properties of peptide nucleic acid, or PNA, a laboratory-produced mimic of deoxyribonucleic acid, or DNA. Strands of the mimic molecule bind more tightly to DNA than DNA does itself. The researchers used that binding property to isolate fragments of DNA containing three different mutations of the gene responsible for cystic fibrosis, using a laboratory separation technique known as free-solution capillary electrophoresis. "With this method we can find single base-pair substitutions and base-pair deletions," said Stanford chemistry Professor

67. Crime Scene DNA Testing - Prospective Students - The University Of Auckland development of new genetesting technology at The University of Auckland. Crime scene (dna) testing moves step closer. Scene-of-the-crime (dna) analysis http://www.auckland.ac.nz/uoa/for/prospective/research/researchfour.cfm

University Home Prospective Students Search Prospective for Crime scene DNA testing moves step closer Scene-of-the-crime DNA analysis is moving a step closer to reality with the development of new gene-testing technology at The University of Auckland. Currently DNA analysis is both time-consuming and expensive, but researchers at the Polymer Electronics Research Centre (PERC), within the Faculty of Science and the Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, hope to change that by inventing a system that provides direct, real-time detection of DNA. "Our ultimate goal is to devise a gene sensor system forensic scientists can take out into the field that is so sensitive it can work with minute amounts of DNA very quickly," says the Director of PERC, Dr Jadranka Travas-Sejdic. To achieve this, the researchers plan to cut out a step in the procedure - the requirement for labeling samples with fluorescent tags before DNA testing. "Our technology will be based on combined direct electrical and optical signal read-outs, with no need to label samples. By attaching or 'entrapping' gene probes into conducting polymers, changes in those materials will tell us when we have a DNA match," says Dr Travas-Sejdic. The DNA analysis research is supported by a Marsden Fund grant, awarded to Dr Travas-Sejdic and her colleague, Dr Christian Soeller, for their work on a new generation of opto-electronic biosensors. Associate investigators are Professor Ralph Cooney of The University of Auckland and Dr Gerard Bidan, French Atomic Commission (CEA) in Grenoble.

68. HDF - Guidelines For Genetic Testing For Huntington's Disease At one end of the gene, a pattern of three (dna) bases (CAG), The introductionof a direct gene test for Huntington s disease and the likely proliferation http://www.hdfoundation.org/testread/hdsatest.htm

Guidelines for Genetic Testing for Huntington's Disease (Revised 1994) Huntington's Disease Society of America, Inc. Preface The following guidelines have been produced by the Huntington's Disease Society of America to assist health care professionals in administering the genetic test for Huntington's disease and to protect the well-being of those who choose to be tested. These guidelines should be viewed as a framework of recommended procedures for testing; they are not regulations. Nevertheless it is strongly recommended that pre- and post-test counseling be incorporated in any program of pre-symptomatic testing for Huntington's disease along with the other preliminary screening sessions detailed herein. The Huntington's Disease Gene Marker Discovery and the Advent of Pre-symptomatic Testing In a surprise breakthrough in 1983, a genetic marker was discovered which localized the Huntington's disease gene to an area close to the tip of the short arm of chromosome four. This discovery paved the way for a pre-symptomatic test for Huntington's disease using DNA linkage analysis. In 1986, testing for Huntington's disease began on a research basis at the Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, and at Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston. Because it relied on tracing the inheritance of markers linked to the gene rather than the gene itself, the test required the analysis of DNA samples from multiple family members and was 95% accurate at best. As more and more markers for the Huntington's disease gene were identified, the test became more accurate. It also became commercially available and was soon offered at over 20 centers across the United States.

69. Back To Basics Understanding cancer series gene testing (National Cancer Institute, Shows how genes, chromosomes, (dna) and proteins fit into the topic of genetics. http://www.science.org.au/scied/basics.htm

Australian Academy of Science Science education Back to basics The sites listed below provide an excellent introduction to several basic science concepts. You can visit the links in sequence or use the annotations to select those that contain information most relevant to your interests. Annotated lists of sites are available for Atoms and molecules DNA and genes Electromagnetic radiation Energy ... The structure of the Earth and Weather and climate Atoms and molecules Atoms, molecules, water, pH (Clermont College, University of Cincinnati, USA) In addition to information on atoms, molecules and ions, this site introduces elements (a substance made up of only one type of atom). Describes how electrons determine an element's chemical properties and its position in the periodic table (a way of organising the elements). The information on water and pH is not necessary for a basic understanding of atoms and molecules. Simple diagrams effectively illustrate concepts. You can click on highlighted words for brief definitions. The Phantom's Portrait Parlor (The Atoms Family, Miami Museum of Science, USA)

70. The RB Diagnostic Test Diagnosis of Unknown Mutations in the RB1 gene. (dna) is isolated from blood testing Relatives for a Known Mutation. (dna) is isolated from a blood sample. http://www.retinoblastomasolutions.org/rbgene.html

About us Retinoblastoma gene testing Test sensitivity ... Links Diagnostic Tests for Mutations in the gene The Solutions test uses a series of different molecular assays to identify the unique gene mutation of the proband , which includes these general steps: Diagnosis of Unknown Mutations in the gene DNA is isolated from blood or retinoblastoma tumor. The size and copy number of each of the 27 exon s and promoter region of the gene is determined by quantitative multiplex PCR The DNA sequence is analyzed. In isolated cases of unilateral retinoblastoma, methylation-specific PCR is used to identify promoter hypermethylation. If other methods detect no mutation RT-PCR is used to search for intronic mutations likely to cause missplicing that leads to exon skipping. Results are confirmed and reported. Testing Relatives for a Known Mutation DNA is isolated from a blood sample. One relatively simple test determines the presence or absence of the mutation found in the proband. Home About us Retinoblastoma gene testing ... Site map

71. Language And Life Sciences The first is (dna) testing. This subfield of gene research uses tiny human tissuesamples of 100–200 cells (for example, blood, hair, saliva) to identify (dna) http://exchanges.state.gov/forum/journal/issues.htm

Chapter Controversial Issues in Gene Research by Donna M. Brinton, Christine Holten, and Jodi L. Nooyen Background Classroom Applications Internet Resources Appendices Background Human Genome Project and consists of all the sequences of DNA chemical units that tell a cell how to behave. This accomplishment has incredible benefits. However, it also raises new, complex issues that society cannot ignore. This chapter explores the following questions: What practical results has the Human Genome Project had? How do these scientific advances benefit us? What potential disadvantages do they have for individuals and society? The chapter gives an overview of the technologies that have been developed as a direct result of DNA and genetic research. It also gives students the chance to debate the ethical questions surrounding this technology. Background Information human genome must never change the basic belief on which our ethics DNA testing: Advantages and Disadvantages The ongoing project to map the human genome affects all of us in several key areas. The first is

72. "What Can The New Gene Tests Tell Us?" gene tests, also called (dna)based tests, are the newest and most In genetests, scientists scan a patient s (dna) sample for mutated sequences. http://www.ornl.gov/sci/techresources/Human_Genome/publicat/judges/judge.html

What Can the New Gene Tests Tell Us? by Denise Casey an updated (Oct. 1997) version of an article that originally appeared in a special genetics issue of The Judges' Journal of the American Bar Association Summer 1997, Vol. 36:3 Some Currently Available DNA-Based Gene Tests Gene tests for the disorders listed below were available as of 1996 from clinical genetics laboratories approved by New York State. Test names and a description of the diseases or symptoms thereof appear in parentheses. Susceptibility tests are noted by an asterisk and provide only an estimated risk for developing the disorder. Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency (AAT; emphysema and liver disease) Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS; Lou Gehrig's Disease; progressive motor function loss leading to paralysis and death) Alzheimer's disease* (APOE; late onset variety of senile dementia) Ataxia telangiectasia (AT; progressive brain disorder resulting in loss of muscle control and cancers) Gaucher disease (GD; enlarged liver and spleen, bone degeneration) Inherited breast and ovarian cancer* (BRCA 1 and 2; early onset tumors of breasts and ovaries)

73. DNA Paternity Testing And More... GeneTree (dna) testing Center is the leading provider of private (dna) paternitytesting and other familial relationship (dna) testing services. http://www.genetree.com/

DNA Paternity Testing Services, and More... Top DNA Tests FREE Home DNA Test Collection Kit Home Paternity DNA Test (Swab) Legal DNA Paternity Testing Twin Zygosity DNA Testing ... DNAdetective Crime Scene Profiling Call Customer Service (888) 404-GENE Did You Know... ...ABO blood types can be used to determine paternity? Learn more... ...Eye color can be used to determine paternity? Learn more... ...Calculating a probable date of conception can be used to determine paternity? Learn more... ...DNA can be used to assist in solving crimes? Learn more... Client Testimonials "Thanks to GeneTree... I can finally look into her eyes and feel at ease knowing that I did the right thing." Read more...

74. The DNA Files - Learn More - Genes & Identity GENES IDENTITY. Radio Programs Evolution Human Diversity (dna) Genelex, a commercial (dna) testing service created this useful site which includes http://www.dnafiles.org/resources/res05.html

Radio Programs Evolution and Human Diversity However similar or different we may be, your own DNA is unique - like a biological bar code. Scan our section on to find out how the local authorities can use your DNA to figure out if you're the culprit - or the father. Ethics Eugenics , and Last updated: March 3, 2005 Radio Programs (first distributed in November 2001) (first distributed in November 1998) (first distributed in November 1998) Back to Top On the Web Race Without Color Discover In this brief but cogent 1994 essay, physiology professor and best selling author Jared Diamond ( The Third Chimpanzee Germs, Guns and Steel ) explains that there are more genetic differences between individuals than there are among "racial" groups. (Paid-access article) Long Foreground . Washington State University You will find good introductions to the evolution of humans and other primates in this study module designed for an introductory course in World Civilizations "

75. Genetic Testing Genetic tests include techniques to examine genes or markers near the genes. This testing requires additional (dna) from an affected family member for http://www.lbl.gov/Education/ELSI/Frames/genetic-testing-f.html

What is Genetic Testing? Genetic tests use a variety of laboratory techniques to determine if a person has a genetic condition or disease or is likely to get the disease. Individuals may wish to be tested if: There is a family history of one specific disease. They show symptoms of a genetic disorder, Theyr are concerned about passing on a genetic problem to their children. Genetic tests include techniques to examine genes or markers near the genes. Direct testing for diseases such as cystic fibrosis and sickle cell anemia come from an analysis of an individual's specific genes. A technique called linkage analysis , or indirect testing, is used when the gene cannot be directly identified but can be located within a specific region of a chromosome . This testing requires additional DNA from an affected family member for comparison. Because each person's DNA is unique (except for identical twins), genetic tests also can be used for individual identification ("DNA fingerprinting"). Genetic testing is a complex process, and the results depend both on reliable laboratory procedures and accurate interpretation of results. Tests also vary in sensitivity , that is, their ability to detect mutations or to detect all patients who have or will get the disease. Interpretation of test results is often complex even for trained physicians and other health care specialists. When interpreting the results of any genetic test, one must take into account the probability of

76. Genetic Testing Services From DNA Direct (dna) Direct has simple, accurate, genetic tests that you can take in the privacy of Personalized Genetic testing. Your genes. Your health. Your choices. http://www.dnadirect.com/

Our Standards var loggedIn = false; This website requires javascript to be enabled. If you are seeing this message, javascript is not enabled on your browser. Use these links to view other pages on this site: LINKS DNA Direct Home Genetic Tests Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency Thrombophilia Panel ... Site Map Personalized Genetic Testing Your genes. Your health. Your choices. Register Login In the News! Benefits of Testing Some genetic conditions can be prevented or treated. Genes + Knowledge = Prevention Genes Are a Family Matter Our tests and services can empower you, your family and your healthcare team. For medical decisions, lifestyle choices, or peace of mind. What You'll Learn Learn practical steps to improve your health. Get info for your doctors and family. Find support resources, and more. Do you have a family history of... Blood Clots or DVTs Iron Overload Cystic Fibrosis Chronic Lung Disease You can test for genetic causes of these conditions. Personalized Service Our professional staff is here to help you. Board-certified genetic experts can answer your questions about testing. Call

77. DNA News - Genelex Redmond s Genelex Corp. has been doing (dna) testing for years. Now it s offeringa test you can do at home to see if your genes will allow your body to http://www.genelex.com/commonhtmls/dnanews.html

Click here to view recent media releases A prescription to improve drug regimens? Going from Genome to Pill Science Magazine - A new medicine for African Americans with heart failure hints at what the drug industry sees as the enormous payoff of pharmacogenomics. Predicting Your Body's Future KOMO News - What if you could see into the future to find out what problems you will face 20 or 30 years down the road and what you can do to stop it? NEW software helps physicians prescribe, based on DNA testing: Makes benefits of DNA testing more accessible to physicians and improves drug safety and efficacy. Yahoo Finance - (SEATTLE WA and LEXINGTON MA) - The incorporation of DNA testing into the routine prescription of medicines, the practice of clinical pharmacogenetics, is estimated by many scientists to have the potential to reduce the incidence of adverse drug reactions (ADR) by 20-50%. ADRs are reported to cause more than 100,000 deaths per year in the US. At-Home DNA Test Can Help Prevent Problems NBC- Today Show and Affiliate stations - More Americans are taking advantage of cutting edge science by having their DNA examined as a way to predict and prevent medical problems.

78. Genelex: The Paternity DNA Testing Site (dna) IN PARENTAGE testing UPDATED FOR THE WEB EDITION, April 2000. From the book(dna) in the Courtroom. Genelex The Paternity (dna) testing Site. http://www.genelex.com/paternitytesting/paternitybook4.html

Paternity Testing Consultation, call 800 523-3080 M-F 7:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. PST, e-mail info@genelex.com Paternity Testing Home How to Order Paternity Test Accuracy ... Recommended Resources Chapter 4: DNA IN PARENTAGE TESTING UPDATED FOR THE WEB EDITION April 2000 Introduction to Parentage Testing. In the United States, establishing paternity has become a major industry. Government efforts to recover child support funds bring in over five billion dollars a year at a cost of one-and-a-half billion dollars. State and local child support agencies, working under Title IVD of the federal Social Security Act, Aid to Families with Dependent Children, administer these programs for the benefit of unsupported children. This statute requires that when a woman obtains public assistance for her children, she MUST name the possible fathers. These programs generate the bulk of more than 220,000 paternity tests performed annually. In a country where 30% of births are to single mothers, and 15% of fathers of record are not the biological father, the large number of tests is not surprising. Most paternity testing is done for financial reasons, i.e., to establish legal responsibility and provide for child support. Even more important are the emotional and social issues. When testing can demonstrate conclusively to a man that he is the father of a child, then he is more likely to provide not only financial support, but emotional support as well. He may bond with the child and take an active part in its life. The importance of establishing paternity early is nowhere more clearly shown than in the testing of adult children, some of whom are in middle age. "Who is my father?" is a question that may have haunted them their entire lives.

79. Health 24 - Genetics, Obesity & DNA gene tests solve diet riddles. Recently DietDoc attended an interesting lecture (Dr Ingrid van Heerden, DietDoc). More on gene tests and your diet http://www.health24.com/medical/Condition_centres/777-792-1987-1993,29501.asp

Health24 Experts Got a nagging question on your mind? Ask one of our many experts for the answer Fatal surgery Health24 looks at the surgical procedure used during the operation on the late Marelize Kritzinger. TERMS NEWSLETTER MAKE HEALTH24 YOUR HOMEPAGE NEWS MEDICAL SCHEMES DIET FITNESS NATURAL MAN WOMAN CHILD MIND SEX TOOLS FIND SHOP EXPERTS TALK WIN function topNav(onoff) if onoff = 1 then if window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav_on" then window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav" else window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav_on" end if else if window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav_on" then window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav" else window.event.srcElement.classname = "top_nav_on" end if end if end function Medical Head 2 Toe Disease centres Acne ... Run/walk for health Links Find a buddy Sexuality Psychology Food as medicine ... Genetics You are in: Medical Disease centres Genetics Gene tests solve diet riddles Recently DietDoc attended an interesting lecture presented by Yael Joffe, a dietician working in Cape Town, on ‘nutrigenomics’. “What”, you may ask, “is nutrigenomics?” Nutrigenomics is a very new and exciting approach to the treatment of a wide variety of diseases by means of genetic identification and diet therapy.

80. GeneTests: Search Results Connective Tissue gene Tests. Allentown, PA. James C Hyland, MD, PhD; Leena MAlaKokko, MD, PhD Matrix (dna) Diagnostics Laboratory. New Orleans, LA http://www.genetests.org/query?testid=84314

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