81. RenewableEnergyAccess.com | Hydrogen And Fuel Cells RenewableenergyAccess.com is the most comprehensive and upto-date renewable energy news and information network on the Internet. http://www.renewableenergyaccess.com/rea/tech/hydrogen

your shopping cart is empty To receive our free weekly newsletter - Register Login solar energy wind power ... GreenPower Featured Partners Get Total Access! Introduction to Hydrogen Energy Hydrogen is the simplest element. An atom of hydrogen consists of only one proton and one electron. It's also the most plentiful element in the universe. Despite its simplicity and abundance, hydrogen doesn't occur naturally as a gas on the Earth - it's always combined with other elements. Water, for example, is a combination of hydrogen and oxygen (H O). Hydrogen is also found in many organic compounds, notably the hydrocarbons that make up many of our fuels, such as gasoline, natural gas, methanol, and propane. Hydrogen can be separated from hydrocarbons through the application of heat - a process known as reforming . Currently, most hydrogen is made this way from natural gas. An electrical current can also be used to separate water into its components of oxygen and hydrogen. This process is known as electrolysis . Some algae and bacteria, using sunlight as their energy source, even give off hydrogen under certain conditions.

82. PNNL Energy Sciences & Technology Directorate fuel cells will play an important role in securing our energy future by providing efficient, environmentally friendly electrical energy while extending the http://www.pnl.gov/energy/fuelcells/index.stm

Pacific Northwest National Laboratory Skip Repetitive Navigation Links ESTD Home Materials Science Division Our Customers ... PNNL Home Search Nearly 40 researchers at PNNL are contributing to the development of fuel cell technologies. Their areas of expertise include Analytical and physical chemistry Chemical separations and conversion Computational science and engineering Design and manufacturing engineering Electrochemistry Energy technology and management Materials science and technology Microengineering and nanoengineering Fuel Cells Fuel cells will play an important role in securing our energy future by providing efficient, environmentally friendly electrical energy while extending the capacity of our fossil fuel supply. However, fuel cells will only come into broad public use when their cost is significantly reduced. And that can't happen until they are available for a wide variety of applications. The Solid State Energy Conversion Alliance's (SECA) goal is to create a solid oxide fuel cell (3-10 kW) that can be mass produced in modular form. Used individually or in clusters, depending upon the amount of energy required, these fuel cells will be able to power a broad array of applications. As the number of uses for fuel cells grows, per unit costs can be reduced as high volume production technologies are brought to bear. SOFC Module Click to view how a SOFC works Related Links PNNL researcher publishes book on solid oxide fuel cells Advancing Fuel Cells for Clean and Efficient Power (PDF 2.42MB)

83. ME3 - Energy Issues - Fuel Cell And Hydrogen Resources The Hydrogen and fuel Cell Investor Hydrogen energy Center Hydrogen, fuel cells Infrastructure Technologies Program MultiYear Research, http://www.me3.org/issues/fuelcells/

Subscribe Become a member Register for email updates Navigate Search Buy green power! Minnesota law requires that utilities offer green power to their customers. You can support clean, renewable energy every time you pay your electricity bill. Check it out. MN State Agencies MN Department of Commerce section on Fuel Cells MN Office of Environmental Assistance Common Types of Fuel Cells - October 2003 Minnesota's Fuel Cell Industry - Fact Sheet, July 2003 Hydrogen: The New Fuel of Choice - Fact Sheet, June 2003 Fuel Cells: Power Where It's Needed - Fact Sheet, June 2003 MN Companies and Organizations 3M - Fuel Cell Components CenterPoint Energy Minnegasco - Cummins Power Generation Eden Prairie Library Fuel Cell Project Entegris Donaldson Company, Inc. ... Initiative for Renewable Energy and the Environment - Univ. of MN Center R4 Energy, Inc. TSI Incorporated Fuel Cell and Hydrogen Resources Quick links to information on this page: Minnesota News, Reports and Information Minnesota Companies, Organizations and State Resources Non-MN Companies Non-MN Organizations ... Federal Government Resources Minnesota News and Information Minnesota Biomass - Hydrogen and Electricity Generation Potential - prepared for the Minnesota Department of Commerce and the Minnesota Office of Environmental Assistance by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, Golden, Colorado, with financial assistance from the U.S. Department of Energy, February 2005

84. Science News For Kids: Feature: Boosting Fuel Cells fuel cells generate electricity through chemical reactions between hydrogen and oxygen. That way, he could measure how much energy the cell produced. http://www.sciencenewsforkids.org/articles/20050615/Feature1.asp

Home Article Archive Agriculture Animals ... Next Site Search DOE Boosting Fuel Cells Emily Sohn E-mail this article Print this article June 15, 2005 Some people are happy to learn simply for the sake of learning. Megan Burger would rather use her education to create cutting-edge inventions with important uses. That's exactly what the 18-year-old has done. At this year's Intel International Science and Engineering Fair (ISEF) in Phoenix, Ariz., the high school senior from The Woodlands, Texas, was one of several students who investigated fuel-cell technology. Her work might eventually help make Earth a cleaner place. Fuel cells power this car, which runs on hydrogen. U.S. Department of Energy Fuel cells generate electricity through chemical reactions between hydrogen and oxygen. The process is an efficient way to produce energy with no toxic waste. Fuel cells already power spacecraft and a few cars . In the future, experts suggest, they will also be used in homes and other buildings and even in devices such as laptops and cell phones. The technology has "the potential to transform the [U.S.] energy industry," Megan says.

85. 7th Annual SMALL FUEL CELLS(sm) 2005 - Small Fuel Cells For Portable Application A comparison of energy density between our cell’s components (fuel and cartridge) Projections of Micro fuel cells Robert G. Hockaday, President, energy http://www.smallfuelcells.org/

7th Annual SMALL FUEL CELLS(sm) 2005 - Small Fuel Cells for Portable Applications Loews L'Enfant Plaza Hotel - Washington, DC Overview Table of Contents Purchase Type Conference Documentation ISBN Publication Date May, 2005 Number of Pages List Price Availability In Stock View Electronic Brochure (PDF) Overview In its 7th year, this internationally recognized conference is designed to serve as the primary source of information for end users, developers, and manufactures of portable power devices. Topics addressed by the leading experts in this emerging field from government, academia and government include: • Toshiba DMFC for portable applications • Whole fuel cell product solution for the consumer electronic industry • DMFC portable power products at MTI MicroFuel Cells: Present and future • Hydrocarbon membranes to enable smaller DMFC applications • Critical issues for commercialization of mobile DMFC and technical approaches • Advancements in DMFC MEAs and stacks for portable power applications • Alternative approaches for DMFC design: Silicon-based systems • MEMS-based micro-fuel cell systems for portable power applications • Fuel cell architectures for portable power applications • Micro-fuel cell technology for next generation of mobile equipment • Cathode effects for micro fuel cells • Foil type MEMS fuel cell • Portable 20W reformed methanol-to-hydrogen fuel cell system prototype • Fundamental aspects of durability at the polymer electrolyte-electrode interface • High temperature MEA development for PEM fuel cells

86. Press Release - “The importance of fuel cells as a clean, reliable distributed energy The energy produced by these fuel cell projects is enough to power more than 750 http://www.ctcleanenergy.com/news/66.php

Connecticut Clean Energy Fund Announces 2003 Fuel Cell Request for Proposals Text Only Connecticut Clean Energy Fund Announces 2003 Fuel Cell Request for Proposals January 7, 2004 Following on its first two successful fuel cell solicitations, the Connecticut Clean Energy Fund (CCEF) has released its third annual Request for Proposals (RFP) for near-commercial fuel cell demonstration projects. The CCEF has allocated up to $4 million for the 2003 RFP. This year’s solicitation seeks notable fuel cell demonstration projects that advance the state of technology and accelerate the pace of commercialization of fuel cells. “Fuel cells continue to be a fundamental piece of the renewable picture in Connecticut” says Arthur H. Diedrick, CCEF Chairman. “The importance of fuel cells as a clean, reliable distributed energy source was underscored by this summer’s massive blackout. While all the lights were out in New York City, the Central Park police station continued to function because it is independently powered by a fuel cell.” adds Diedrick. Around the world, exciting new developments are being made in fuel cell technology. Through its 2003 RFP, CCEF intends to provide an opportunity for these promising technologies to be demonstrated and tested here in the state. Showcasing these next generation fuel cell products in Connecticut adds to the state’s already vibrant fuel cell industry.

87. HNEI > R&D > Fuel Cells > Hawaii Fuel Cell Test Facility Under hardware research for fuel cell systems, HNEI will put attention on and acceptance of fuel cell systems and renewable energy technologies. http://www.hnei.hawaii.edu/fueltest.asp

TEXT-ONLY VERSION University of Hawaii at Manoa Hawaii Natural Energy Institute HNEI Home Facilities Our People Employment Opportunities ... Employee Site Quick Links: Fuel Cell Testing HEET Fuel Cell Systems Fuel Cell Testing The testing of fuel cells for commercial and military applications was instigated at the Hawaii Natural Energy Institute (HNEI) of the University of Hawaii at Manoa through a partnership between HNEI and the Naval Research Laboratory, funded through an Office of Naval Research initiative. Under this initiative, HNEI has partnered with the Hawaiian Electric Company, the state's largest electric utility, and UTC Fuel Cells, one of the world's leading manufacturers of fuel cells, to develop the Hawaii Fuel Cell Test Facility (HFCTF). Overview of test facility Test stand with fuel cell installed Details of test stand components At this time, the HFCTF has two major thrusts of fuel cell testing: Cell Testing : Cell testing is the main focus of activities at the HFCTF now. Plans for the future include durability testing, cooperation with industrial companies in membrane testing, testing of complete fuel cell systems, and assessment of hydrogen fuels purity requirements for fuel cell operation. Stack Testing : Currently, the HFCTF only has individual cell test stands; however, there are plans to add a stack test stand within the next year and stack testing will begin at that time.

88. Membraneless Fuel Cell Is Tiny, Versatile Like a battery, a fuel cell changes chemical energy into electrical energy. While most fuel cells employ a physical barrier to separate the fuel and oxidant http://www.spacedaily.com/news/energy-tech-05z.html

ENERGY TECH Membraneless Fuel Cell Is Tiny, Versatile The system designed by Paul Kenis, a professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering, uses a Y-shaped microfluidic channel in which two liquid streams containing fule and oxidant merge and flow between catalyst-covered electrods without mixing. E.R. Choban, L.J. Markoski, A. Wieckowski, and P.J.A. Kenis: Microfluidic Fuel Cell based on Laminar Flow Journal of Power Sources, 2004. Champaign IL (SPX) Mar 28, 2005 A fuel cell designed by researchers at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign can operate without a solid membrane separating fuel and oxidant, and functions with alkaline chemistry in addition to the more common acidic chemistry. Like a battery, a fuel cell changes chemical energy into electrical energy. While most fuel cells employ a physical barrier to separate the fuel and oxidant, the microfluidic fuel cell developed at Illinois utilizes multi-stream laminar flow to accomplish the same task. "The system uses a Y-shaped microfluidic channel in which two liquid streams containing fuel and oxidant merge and flow between catalyst-covered electrodes without mixing," said Paul Kenis, a professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering and a researcher at the Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology. Fluids flowing through channels of microscale dimensions behave differently than fluids flowing through the much larger pipes found in home plumbing systems, Kenis said.

89. Fuel Cells When hydrogen is used as an energy source in a fuel cell, Electrochemical fuel cells convert the chemical energy of fuels directly into electrical http://www.earthsci.org/energy/fuelcell/fuelcell.html

Fuel Cells based on the excellent information found on www.fuelcells.org Earth Science Australia... this image was created by www.fuelcells.org What Is A Fuel Cell? ... Where does the hydrogen come from? Generating Hydrogen Fossil Fuel Based Hydrogen Production Water Based Hydrogen Production Other Methods of Hydrogen Generation How does a fuel cell work? Fuel Cell Benefits Environmental Benefits Engineering Benefits Domestic Energy Security Independence from the Power Grid ... Fuel Cells vs. Traditional Batteries Types of Fuel Cells Phosphoric Acid Proton Exchange Membrane or Solid Polymer Molten Carbonate Solid Oxide ... Regenerative Fuel Cells What Is A Fuel Cell? In principle, a fuel cell operates like a battery. Unlike a battery, a fuel cell does not run down or require recharging. It will produce energy in the form of electricity and heat as long as fuel is supplied. A fuel cell consists of two electrodes sandwiched around an electrolyte. Oxygen passes over one electrode and hydrogen over the other, generating electricity, water and heat. Hydrogen fuel is fed into the "anode" of the fuel cell. Oxygen (or air) enters the fuel cell through the cathode. Encouraged by a catalyst, the hydrogen atom splits into a proton and an electron, which take different paths to the cathode. The proton passes through the electrolyte. The electrons create a separate current that can be utilized before they return to the cathode, to be reunited with the hydrogen and oxygen in a molecule of water.

90. About Fuel Cells America The technology of hydrogen fuel cells and renewable energy systems have made great strides in improvements in efficiency and cost effectiveness. http://www.emill.com/fca/

Home About Contact Us The Organization Fuel Cells America, LLC(FCA) is a Limited Liability Company started in 2003 to bring new hydrogen energy systems and the implementation of a hydrogen refueling infrastructure nationwide, with an emphasis on the Dane County and southern Wisconsin area. Fuel Cells America, LLC is a Business Services Company committed to bring new hydrogen fuel cell energy systems into use. the company is a consulting service, and future retailer of viable fuel cell energy producing units for residential, commercial, and industrial applications. Managing member Steve Books is available for informational presentations to your group regarding hydrogen and renewable systems of energy. Rates vary on the length of time for the presentation, and the size of the audience. Inquire for Details The Market Recent television reports such as CBS Sixty Minutes II and ABC Nightline, along with many others, have reported on various aspects of fuel cell technology. The technology of hydrogen fuel cells and renewable energy systems have made great strides in improvements in efficiency and cost effectiveness. In Wisconsin, the Public Service Commission now requires utilities to allow "net metering" for renewable systems of 15MW or less, meaning that customers will paid back at regular utility rates for the power that is produced by the renewable energy system.

91. Fuel Cells Energy Market Research ABI Research ABI Research s fuel cell and alternative energy research covers the broad scope of development, application, and enduse markets for these technologies. http://www.abiresearch.com/category/Fuel_Cells_and_Energy

window.name="_base_"; Wireless Infrastructure Mobile Operators Mobile Devices Digital Home ... ABI Insights QUICK JUMP About Events Careers Media Register About About ABI Research Senior Research Team Methodology ... Contact ABI Research's fuel cell and alternative energy research covers the broad scope of development, application, and end-use markets for these technologies. Market research in the alternative and renewable energy space closely tracks and forecasts the micro fuel cell, stationary fuel cell, automotive fuel cell, and portable fuel cell markets. Attention is also given to government and military deployments. Comparative analysis of the various players in the energy supply chain is provided, including markets and players involved in hydrogen infrastructure, distributed generation, generator sets, photovoltaics, and solar cells. Research Services Automotive Fuel Cell Research Service Research Reports Automotive Fuel Cell Vendors – A Competitive Assessment Analysis of Major Players and Their Relative Positions in the Fuel Cell Space Hydrogen Infrastructure A Global Evaluation of Hydrogen Fueling Infrastructure: Hydrogen Production, Distribution and Storage Pathways

92. CSA - Hot Topics effort to develop the alternative energy technology known as fuel cells. Now, as energy issues are at the forefront of current events, fuel cell http://www.csa.com/hottopics/fuecel/overview.php

Guide to Discovery PsycBOOKS now available on CSA Illumina! Hot Topics Quick Links CSA Illumina Login Administrative Tools Try a Demonstration Request a Trial Hot Topics Areas Natural Sciences Social Sciences Technology Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (Released April 2003) by Eileen J. De Guire Overview Key Citations Web Sites ... Contact Editor Overview Engineers and environmentalists have long dreamed of being able to obtain the benefits of clean electric power without pollution-producing engines or heavy batteries. Solar panels and wind farms are familiar images of alternative energy technologies. While they are effective sources of electrical energy, there are problems with the stability of their energy source as, for example, on a cloudy or windless day. Their applications are somewhat limited due to lack of portability; a windmill is not much help to the power plant of a diesel truck, a solar panel cannot provide power at night, etc. In 1962 a revolution in energy research occurred. Scientists at Westinghouse Electric Corporation (now Siemens Westinghouse) demonstrated for the first time the feasibility of extracting electricity from a device they called a "solid electrolyte fuel cell" [ Weissbart ]. Since then there has been an intense research and development effort to develop the alternative energy technology known as fuel cells. Now, as energy issues are at the forefront of current events, fuel cell technology is ripening and on the verge of being ready for large scale commercial implementation.

93. FuelCellCarNews, Fuel Cell Cars Industry Portal, Fuel Cell Car US Department of energy The Hydrogen, fuel cells Infrastructure Technologies Renewable energy and fuel cells – the drive is on Slowly, but surely, http://www.fuelcellcarnews.com/

home search newsletter conferences ... FuelCellCarNews.com : an investor and industry news portal for the Fuel Cell Car sector. The FCCN website does not make recommendations, but offers a unique free information portal to research news, exclusive articles, interviews, investor conferences and a growing list of participating public companies in the sector. Top Ranked Investor Site for Fuel Cell Car Research on Google.com and Yahoo.com Featured Companies (If you are interested in becoming a featured company for this portal please contact Ann-Marie Fleming for a proposal) Fuel Cell Car News - Industry News FuelCellCarNews.com RSS News Feed View RSS feed View RSS feed View RSS feed Fuel Cell Car News, Articles, Research and Investment Opportunities The Evolution of the Automobile Industry... Hydrogen refuelling stations and fuel cell-powered vehicles are the wave of the future... Interest in fuel cell technology continues to grow at an increasing rate. We are excited to be part of this industry by providing investors some tools and resources to investigate one of the most revolutionary opportunities in our future.  What is a fuel cell and how does it work

94. 'Metal-Decorated' Nanotubes Hold Promise For Fuel Cells, Energy, National Instit New quantum calculations and computer models show that carbon nanotubes. http://nanotechwire.com/news.asp?nid=1910

95. Nanosys And Sharp To Collaborate On Nanotechnology-Enabled Fuel Cells, Energy, N The inherent higher energy density of small fuel cells in comparison to batteries has the potential to lead to both longer operational time and serve the http://nanotechwire.com/news.asp?nid=1508&ntid=120&pg=1

96. SFC Home energy for more comfort and autonomy anytime and anywhere. Enjoy the energy! SFC to develop portable fuel cells for German Federal Army http://www.smartfuelcell.com/

Press Investor Relations Sitemap Contact us ... english Welcome to SFC, the leading supplier of fuel cells. Leisure Energy for more comfort and autonomy - anytime and anywhere. "Enjoy the Energy!" [ more ] Industry The reliable off-grid power supply for the telecommuni-cation, traffic and security sector. "100% availability!" [ more ] Portable Compact and powerful energy supply for mobile devices - independent of time and location. "Cut the last cord!" [ more ] World’s first vehicle with a fuel cell [more] SFC establishes European fuel supply infrastructure for its fuel cells [more] SFC fuel cell ensures 100% early fire detection system security [more] SFC to develop portable fuel cells for German Federal Army [more] SFC appoints Pieter Bots as new Board Member [more] Legal notice

97. Start-up Zeros In On Hydrogen Fuel Cells | CNET News.com Hydrogen fuel cells can also deliver larger amounts of energy, say some. One company, Millennium Cell, is working on a prototype hydrogen fuel cell that http://news.com.com/Start-up zeros in on hydrogen fuel cells/2100-7337_3-5783870

CNET News.com CNET tech sites: Product reviews Shop Tech news Downloads ... Advertising Track thousands of Web sites in one place: Newsburst Enterprise Hardware Start-up zeros in on hydrogen fuel cells Published: July 11, 2005, 9:00 PM PDT By Michael Kanellos Staff Writer, CNET News.com TrackBack Print E-mail TalkBack Michael Lefenfeld and James Dye of Signa Chemistry wanted to make rooms smell better. Instead, they stumbled on a way that could make hydrogen fuel cells a practical reality. New York City-based Signa says it has come up with a newand fairly efficientway to produce hydrogen, one of the vexing problems for boosters of the hydrogen economy. Conceivably, the company's technology could be incorporated into fuel cells that could generate enough electricity to run a cell phone for a week, or a car in emergency situations. The company's techniques could also reduce cost and complexity for pharmaceutical manufacturers and petroleum refiners. The key is sodium, the ornery alkali metal that bursts into sparks when dunked in water.

98. Politech: Charles Platt On Hydrogen Fuel Cells, Energy, And Politics Politech Charles Platt on hydrogen fuel cells, energy, and politics But fuel cells have major problems that people seldom write about. http://seclists.org/lists/politech/2002/Jan/0052.html

Nmap stealth port scanner Intro Docs Download ... Sponsors: Politech: Charles Platt on hydrogen fuel cells, energy, and politics Charles Platt on hydrogen fuel cells, energy, and politics This message Message body More options Related messages Next message Previous message From declan_at_well.com Date : Sat, 12 Jan 2002 12:30:21 -0500 [Charles has written about cutting-edge science for Wired Magazine for about five or six years. I'll give him the last word. Previous Politech message: http://www.politechbot.com/p-03023.html Declan] http://www.mccullagh.org/ To subscribe to Politech: http://www.politechbot.com/info/subscribe.html This message is archived at http://www.politechbot.com/ Received on Jan 12 2002 This message Message body Next message Declan McCullagh: "FCC belatedly rules that "The Real Slim Shady" is not indecent" Previous message Declan McCullagh: "ALA replies to Politech, says filtering survey is imperfect" Contemporary messages sorted by date by thread by subject by author ... Advertising [ Web Archive generated using Hypermail

99. Wired News: Business Buys Into Fuel Cells of government incentives to install fuel cells from fuelCell energy that are Chevron energy Solutions of San Ramon is using natural gas for a fuel http://www.wired.com/news/technology/0,1282,63335,00.html?tw=wn_story_related

100. Fuel Cell-centered New Energy System : EXPO 2005 AICHI, JAPAN Power generation by fuel cells is one of the clean energy technologies. This is the New energy Plant, operating primarily on fuel cell power generation. http://www-1.expo2005.or.jp/en/eco/fuel_cell.html

Home Search Fuel Cell-centered New Energy System - Common 5 - New Energy Plant MCFC (installed on first floor of Common 5) demonstration plant for further information on the demonstration test.) Molten carbonate fuel cell (MCFC) Solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) Phosphoric acid fuel cell (PAFC) The fuel cell system uses raw refuse from the exhibition site for methane fermentation. Hydrogen produced from the methane is then used in fuel cells to generate electricity. The generated power is supplied to all rooms of Japan Pavilion Nagakute and to some facilities of Common 5. These facilities are expected to consume approximately 2,200 kW, two-thirds of which will be supplied by the fuel cell power generation system. As you look down from the Global Loop near the West Gate, you will see a facility resembling a chemical plant beside the Common 5 building. This is the New Energy Plant, operating primarily on fuel cell power generation. In addition to the fuel cell power generation equipment, the plant contains a methane fermentation system for fuel production, high-temperature gasification system (to gasify woody materials at high temperature), a NaS battery energy storage system to store generated electricity, and the like. Compared with power generation by burning fossil fuels, fuel cell power generation is highly efficient, produces low noise/vibration, and emits only a small amount of carbon dioxide and other chemicals. It is an environmentally friendly technology of the near future.

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