41. Naturism 2004 The African pygmies go about, for the most part, quite naked, I have foundno evidence that any of the indigenous peoples of this area wore genital http://www.armage.demon.co.uk/nuff/resourcebook/current/nudecultures.html

Sexual Offences Bill 2003 Contents Appendices Changes This is work in progress let me know Nude Cultures Contents Introduction Fully Nude Cultures Both genders normally nude. Africa Turkana, Luo, Wa-taveita, Chagga Pygmies The Americas ... Amazon and Orinocco Basins Asia Australia Aborigines Semi-nude cultures Nudity normal for part of the year or one gender commonly nude. Africa North America Cultures nude when appropriate Cultures in which nudity is or was normal depending on the circumstances. Africa Nilotic (eg Maasai, Samburu) Ancient Egypt North America ... Cultures nude under some circumstances Cultures in which nudity sometimes occurred. Europe Ancient Romans Modern Europe Asia ... Source material and notes Introduction This article was written in response to an expert who on BBC TV declared that he was unaware of any fully nude cultures and that hence there must be something culturally dangerous about naturism. Correspondence with him has since determined that he was speaking outside his area of expertise! There have been numerous nude cultures and a surprising number have survived into modern times despite the best efforts of so called civilised man to distort or destroy them. This is not a thorough survey, it has been particularly difficult to find sources for Asia, but otherwise it should give a reasonable overall picture.

42. The Centre For Advanced Studies Of African Society In South africa, many people of Khoisan historical descent who have been As a result, indigenous languages ‘are not accorded enough resources to develop http://www.casas.co.za/papers_native.htm

WELCOME SCOPE OF OUR OPERATIONS Khoisan Language Studentship Scholarship Scheme CASAS/IDRC Acacia Project PUBLICATIONS Tinabantu Book Series Monograph Series Occasional Papers ... CONTACT US Last updated: 25.02.2004 GOING NATIVE: Language of Instruction for Education, Development and African Emancipation Kwesi Kwaa Prah. The Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society (CASAS). Cape Town. Keynote Address presented to the Launch Workshop of Language of Instruction in Tanzania and South Africa (LOITASA), Morogoro, Tanzania: 22nd to 24th April 2002 Introduction Table 1 (Education Enrolment for Primary and Secondary Schools Growth Percentages in Selected African Countries; 1960-1983) (1) Country Growth in Primary Enrolments (%) Growth in Secondary enrolments (%) Tanzania 781% 370% Kenya 553% 1988% Zambia 415% 230% Lesotho 204% 96% Zimbabwe 440% 148% Swaziland 382% 145% Botswana 550% 250% Malawi 297% 80% Nyerere provides illustrative figures for Tanzania during its early years of independence. Writing in 1967 in his document Education for Self-Reliance he informs us that:

43. Africa Mozambique, Flag of Mozambique, Portuguese (official), indigenous dialects note Kiswahili (Swahili) is the mother tongue of the Bantu people living in http://www.ethiotrans.com/africa.htm

Africa Home About Africa Services Health Education Portfolio Get Quote ... Ruwanda County Flag Language Support Algeria Arabic (official), French, Berber dialects Yes Angola Portuguese (official), Bantu and other African languages Yes Benin French (official), Fon and Yoruba (most common vernaculars in south), tribal languages (at least six major ones in north) Yes Botswana English (official), Setswana Yes Burkina Faso French (official), native African languages belonging to Sudanic family spoken by 90% of the population Yes Burundi Kirundi (official), French (official), Swahili (along Lake Tanganyika and in the Bujumbura area) Yes Cameroon 24 major African language groups, English (official), French (official) Yes Central African Republic French (official), Sangho (lingua franca and national language), Arabic, Hunsa, Swahili Yes Chad French (official), Arabic (official), Sara and Sango (in south), more than 100 different languages and dialects Yes Congo, Democratic Republic of the

44. UCLA Department Of History - African History GARRARD, Timothy*, Brasscasting among the frafra of Northern Ghana WAITE,Gloria, The indigenous Medical System in East-Central African History http://www.sscnet.ucla.edu/history/graduate/fields/dissertation.html

Faculty History Graduate Excellence Graduate Placement ... Printer Friendly Version of Website UCLA Dissertations in Africa History ACHEBE, Nwando "Farmers, Traders, Warriors and Kings: Female Power and Authority in Northern Igboland 1900-1960" ADEDZE, Agbenyega "Collector, Collections, and Exhibitions: The History of Museums in Francophone West Africa""Collector, Collections, and Exhibitions: The History of Museums in Francophone West Africa" AHANOTU, Austin Metumara "The Economics of Religion: A Study of the Development of the Igbo Spirit of Enterprise, 1800-1955" AHMED, Christine "Before Eve was Eve: 2200 Years of Gendered History in East-Central Africa" AIDOO, Agnes "Political Crisis and Social Change in the Asante Kingdom, 1867-1901" ALI, Mohamed Nuuh "History in the Horn of Africa, 1000 BC. - 1500 AD: Aspects of Social and Economic Change Between the Rift Valley and the Indian Ocean" ALLYN, David

45. Baroda Bible Club 108,000; Kassena 84,000; Buli 70,000; Gurenne (frafra) 25,100; Ko Growth 8%. IndigenousMarginal 0.1 decisively challenged and broken in many peoples of Burkina http://www.barodabibleclub.org/prayer/daily/mar/17.html

March - 17 BURKINA FASO Population Peoples Over 72 distinct ethno-linguistic groups in four major language families. Gur-Voltaic (35 groups) Mossi-Gurma: Mossi 4,541,000; Gurma 533,000. The Mossi are the dominant people in Burkina Faso and comprise 52% of the population. Gurunsi: Dagaari 287,000; Lyele 225,000; Bwamu 193,000; Kurumba 151,000; Nuna 110,000; Birifor 108,000; Kassena 84,000; Buli 70,000; Gurenne (Frafra) 25,100; Ko 16,200; Puguli 13,200; Kusale 12,600; Sissala 9,000; Pana 7,200. Senufo (11 groups): Karaboro 64,000; Nanerge 41,500; Tusian 32,000; Tagba 28,000; Bolon 11,000; Tiefo 10,000; Vige 6,700; Wara 4,500. Lobi-Lobiri: Lobi 175,500; Gouin 53,000; Turka 45,000; Doghosie 14,400; Dyan 14,100; Komono 3,000; Kaanba 7,600. Mande peoples : 10.8%. Bissa 322,000; Samo 218,000; Bobo 203,000; Marka 158,000; Jula 30,000; Sambla 16,000; Samogho 10,000. Fula 10%; two groups.

46. Greneweca Progress to help national Scientists to train more people in their survey of collecting anddocumenting of indigenous knowledge on Evaluation of frafra potato collection http://www.ipgri.cgiar.org/regions/ssa/Networking/grenewecaprogress.htm

myTitle = "ssatitle" Genetic resources network for west and central Africa (GRENEWECA) Summary of Progress The GRENEWECA network was established in 1998. It is therefore in very preliminary stages of project implementation. A number of activities have however been undertaken, some of which are already showing positive outcomes. Following are some of the key achievements: National programme development The Network has supported national workshops in plant genetic resources in The Gambia, Chad and Mauritania in February, March and September 2000. IPGRI and GRENEWECA have contributed to these workshops by providing the organisers with documentation on minimum elements for a functional national programme and information on issues related to the implementation of the Global Plan of Action on genetic resources for food and agriculture. - National Committee meetings were held in Benin, Senegal and Togo. Activities carried out by various partners were presented and discussed, and strategies for coordination in activities developed. - To strengthen the germplasm conservation capacities and communication facilities, the national PGR programmes of Benin, Cameroon, Ghana, Guinea Conakry, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria and Togo were provided with conservation facilities and/or computers with accessories.

47. Greneweca Progress Genetic resources network for west and central africa (GRENEWECA) The germplasmof frafra Hausa potato (Solenostemon rotundifolius) collected in Ghana http://www.ipgri.cgiar.org/regions/ssa/networking/grenewecaprogress.htm

myTitle = "ssatitle" Genetic resources network for west and central Africa (GRENEWECA) Summary of Progress The GRENEWECA network was established in 1998. It is therefore in very preliminary stages of project implementation. A number of activities have however been undertaken, some of which are already showing positive outcomes. Following are some of the key achievements: National programme development The Network has supported national workshops in plant genetic resources in The Gambia, Chad and Mauritania in February, March and September 2000. IPGRI and GRENEWECA have contributed to these workshops by providing the organisers with documentation on minimum elements for a functional national programme and information on issues related to the implementation of the Global Plan of Action on genetic resources for food and agriculture. - National Committee meetings were held in Benin, Senegal and Togo. Activities carried out by various partners were presented and discussed, and strategies for coordination in activities developed. - To strengthen the germplasm conservation capacities and communication facilities, the national PGR programmes of Benin, Cameroon, Ghana, Guinea Conakry, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria and Togo were provided with conservation facilities and/or computers with accessories.

48. Ethnologue: Ghana It is an indigenous deaf sign language, also used by many hearing people. GURENNE (frafra, FAREFARE) GUR 526300 in Ghana (1991 L. Vanderaa CRC) http://www.christusrex.org/www1/pater/ethno/Ghan.html

Ethnologue Areas Africa Ghana 17,543,000 (1995). Republic of Ghana. Formerly Gold Coast, and British Togoland. Literacy rate 36% (1992 UNESCO); 41% (1977 C. M. Brann). Information mainly from GILLBT 1995, Vanderaa 1991. Data accuracy estimate: A2. Christian, traditional religion, Muslim. Blind population 60,418. Deaf institutions: 20. The number of languages listed for Ghana is 72. ABRON (BRONG, BRON, DOMA) ABR Niger-Congo , Atlantic-Congo, Volta-Congo, Kwa, Nyo, Potou-Tano, Tano, Central, Akan. Most speak and understand Asante Twi well. Speakers of one dialect have less comprehension of Twi. 25% to 50% literate. Largely Muslim. Survey needed. ADAMOROBE SIGN LANGUAGE ADS ] Adamorobe, a village in the Eastern Region. The district capital is Aburi. Deaf sign language . 15% deafness in the population; one of the highest percentages in the world, caused by genetic recessive autosome. The age range of the deaf is evenly distributed. They are considered full citizens. The village has been settled for 200 years. It is an indigenous deaf sign language, also used by many hearing people. Most users have no contact with Ghanaian Sign Language. Agriculturalists, firewood traders. ADELE (GIDIRE, BIDIRE)

49. Do North Africans Consider Themselves African? - EgyptSearch Forums Egyptians located in the Baharwiya Oasis and frafra probally have TransSaharan slavetrade or from indigenous Saharans in These people are reffered to as Gnawa http://www.egyptsearch.com/forums/ubbmisc.cgi?action=findthread&forum=Forum8&num

50. Global Village Energy Project Proceeding GVEP africa Facilitators Workshop Short version This is believedto be the first time that an indigenous people s organization has http://www.gvep.org/section/services/actionplans/africa/southafrica/

51. Global Village Energy Project Aid for africa Will it reach farmers, will it power development? This isbelieved to be the first time that an indigenous people s organization has http://www.gvep.org/section/services/actionplans/

52. Gurunsi - Gurunsi Recommended By Swoopon Online. City Ouagadougou (pop 1,300,000) People Mossi, Gurunsi Fulani Language FrenchReligion indigenous beliefs (40 related Gurunsi (socalled frafra), kpeem means http://www.swoopon.com/Swoopon/Gurunsi .htm

Gurunsi Links and Gurunsi Information from Swoopon google_ad_client = "pub-6012845239010776"; google_ad_width = 120; google_ad_height = 600; google_ad_format = "120x600_as"; google_ad_channel =""; google_ad_type = "text"; google_color_border = "FFFFFF"; google_color_bg = "FFFFFF"; google_color_link = "0033FF"; google_color_url = "0033FF"; google_color_text = "000000"; ArtWorld AFRICA - Gurunsi RESOURCES FOR TEACHING IN WORLD ART Introduction Teaching Modules Object Catalogue ArtWorld Community Africa Egypt China Japan India Americas Museology Log in help AFRICA - GURUNSI previous page Africa timeline Africa maps Africa questionnaires Discussions and Debates navigation. Flute. The .... http://artworld.uea.ac.uk/teaching_modules/africa/cultural_groups_ ... Peter Pan ou l'Enfant triste Kathleen Kelley Lainé ... d'habitude... Jean-Pierre Otte-La sexualité d'un plateau de fruits de mer... Teule-Bord cadre... Chabon-Les loups-garous dans leur jeunesse... Home Gabriel Massa Jean-Claude Lauret-Sculptures des Trois Volta : Bobo - Bwa - Lobi - Mossi - Gurunsi... Pierre Sammy Mackfoy-Les illusions de mongou. http://www.absolutessentials.co.uk/Kathleen-Kelley-Lain-Peter-Pan- ...

53. Contevo.com Product Catalog to your decor with this decorated frafra Mask An intensely spiritual people, theLisus carve many tokens patches with a variety of embroidered indigenous designs http://www.contevo.com/products/product_listing.asp?sti=8&di=39&ci=189&si=829&pn

54. VMFA: Office Of Statewide Partnerships By blending actual film of people viewing Roy Lichtenstein’s works with comments by the extraordinary achievements of africa’s indigenous civilizations. http://www.vmfa.state.va.us/osp/film_videoL.html

O F F I C E O F S T A T E W I D E P A R T N E R S H I P S STATEWIDE HOME PAGE STATEWIDE PARTNERS TRAVELING EXHIBITIONS MEDIA RESOURCES ... STAFF DIRECTORY FILM, VIDEO, DVD: ALPHABETICAL LISTINGS A B C D ... Z Film, Video, DVD: L A Lady Named Baybie ED-210 High school through adult Sixty-four-year-old Baybie Hoover and her closest friend, Ginger Brown, both born blind, “pitched” their way from Wichita, Kansas, to New York City by singing religious music on the street with tin cups in hand. The film is a loving portrait of Baybie’s warm, wise, ever-enduring spirit. Mistreated by her stepmother, made pregnant by her uncle, forcibly separated from her child, and sterilized by the state, Baybie has faced trials that would have broken the spirits of other less-determined characters. As an intimate portrait of a woman who has refused to be a victim of life, this film celebrates the human spirit without artificial sentiment. Suggested Classroom Activity: Have students write a portrait of someone in their community whom they have previously overlooked; discuss together how taking a close look at someone can change one’s perspective. Lakota Quillwork: Art and Legend: A Story of Sioux Porcupine Quilling: Past and Present NEW!

55. CountryWatch - File Not Found(404) English (official); indigenous African languages (including Asante Twi, AkuapimTwi, Fante, Ewe, GaAdangme, Nzema, Dagbani, Dagaari, Kasem, frafra, Buli http://www.countrywatch.com/cw_country.asp?vCOUNTRY=66

56. Humboldt-Universität Zu Berlin Ghana, on the southern coast of West africa, is a land of 92098 square miles, On the whole, the practice is fairly common among the frafra and other http://www2.rz.hu-berlin.de/sexology/GESUND/ARCHIV/IES/GHANA.HTM

GHANA Demographics and a Historical Perspective 1. Basic Sexological Premises 2. Religious and Ethnic Factors Affecting Sexuality 3. Sexual Knowledge and Education ... References and Suggested Readings Augustine Ankomah, Ph.D. Demographics and a Historical Perspective A. Demographics Slightly under two thirds of 17.7 million Ghanaians lived in rural areas of the country. Ghana has a young population with 45 percent under age 15, 52 percent between ages 15 and 64, and 3 percent 65 and older. The 1995 birthrate was 44 per 1,000 population, and the death rate 12 per 1,000, giving an annual population growth rate of 3.0 percent. The average life expectancy for newborns in 1995 was 54 years for males and 58 for females. Infant mortality is 82 per 1,000 live births. Ghana has one physician per 22,452 persons. The per capita gross domestic product in 1995 was $1,500. B. A Brief Historical Perspective Ghana was named for an African empire that existed along the Niger River between 400 and 1240 of the Common Era. The country was ruled by Britain for 113 years as the Gold Coast. In 1956, the United Nations approved the merger of the Gold Coast with the British Togoland trust territory. In 1957, it emerged as the first country in black Africa to achieve independence from a European power. Since that time, Ghana has witnessed a seesaw of political power shared between military and elected governments. In the years immediately following independence, schools, hospitals, and roads were built, along with hydroelectric power plants and aluminum plants by President Nkrumah, but the economic situation deteriorated between the 1970s and late 1980s. J.J. Rawlings, a flight lieutenant who took over the administration of the country through a military coup in 1979 and again in 1981, won the national election and was sworn in as president in 1993.

57. Notes On Literacy The use of recorded text material for stories in frafra primer construction, byNancy Schaefer Short notes Training of indigenous artists, by Jo Machin http://www.sil.org/lingualinks/literacy/OtherResources/NotesOnLiteracy/Contents.

Notes on Literacy Complete Table of Contents Summary Notes on Literacy is published quarterly by the Summer Institute of Linguistics. It includes articles, case studies, reports, book reviews, and announcements of general interest to literacy workers. It is meant to serve field literacy programs by sharing practical and theoretical information with literacy field workers around the world. NOL, 19651969 (Volumes 17) Number 1 (1966) [TOC] The strategy of a literacy program, by Sarah C. Gudschinsky 1. The complete literacy program 2. Suggested strategy Writing a health book in Amuesha, by Martha Duff Number 2 (1968) [TOC] Highlights of the 1967 Vietnam workshop: Syllable teaching, by Sarah C. Gudschinsky Examples of syllable teaching Literacy and social problems, by E. Margaret Sheffler 1. Establishing literacy classes Working through community leaders Working through existing units of social structure Teaching adults first Separate classes for men and women Book reviews, by Sarah C. Gudschinsky World literacy manual Simple reading material for adults: Its preparation and use ABC of literacy Number 3 (1968) [TOC] A test for orthographic ambiguity, by

58. Mana - indigenous peoples in Comparative Perspective http://www.scielo.br/scielo.php?pid=S0104-93131997000200004&script=sci_arttext&t

59. Food Security And Ag-Biotech (FS-AgBiotech) News For subSaharan africa, the researchers believe that population growth will to conserve 7 yam species, 300 cassava accessions, and the frafra Potato. http://www.merid.org/fs-agbiotech/displaydate.php?month=8&year=2001

60. Rutgers University Libraries: Subject Research Guides: Media Collections: Africa Step by step La is an indigenous coastal community in Accra, the capital of This program looks at the difference the South African Homeless People s http://www.libraries.rutgers.edu/rul/rr_gateway/research_guides/media_collection

@import url(/rul/includes/04rul-style2.css); NOT LOGGED IN ASK A LIBRARIAN SEARCH WEBSITE SITE INDEX ... ALUMNI LIBRARY Jane Sloan Media Librarian jsloan@rci.rutgers.edu June 2005 Research Resources: Subject Research Guides: Media Collections: Africa, South of the Sahara This guide is a browsing aid to selected titles in the video/DVD collections at Rutgers Libraries. The most up-to-date, accurate, and complete information regarding the libraries' holdings is available only through IRIS , our online catalog. 2 dollars with or without a condom "Ethiopia has become to the Arab world what Thailand is to European tourists. Prostitution in Ethiopia has increased incredibily in recent years. In one section of Addis Ababa, some 130,000 girls support themselves by selling their bodies. Most of them are under eighteen, and many even under fourteen. In this probing documentary we meet the victims, girls that have been orphaned, or thrown out by their families, or are hoping to find a better life. They are compelled to turn to prostitution to survive. The young ones don't even earn enough money to buy food. The older ones earn more but yearn to work the luxury hotels as high class prostitutes. Virtually all the girls are HIV positive. Condoms are seldom used, even though they are distributed free in many places. Customers, believing the youngest girls are HIV-free, seek them out, which in turn keeps lowering the age of girls becoming HIV infected.". 1 videocassette (40 min.) : 1996

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