21. MICROSCOPY-UK / MICSCAPE - Insect Insights. Insect Eyes. Honeybee Legs. insect INSIGHTS. by Dave Walker. This month flea circus! fleas are wingless, blood-sucking insects of the Order Siphonaptera http://www.microscopy-uk.net/mag/artjun98/insecin2.html

INSECT INSIGHTS by Dave Walker This month - flea circus! T he second in an occasional series which takes a look at some of the features and fascinating adaptations of insects which can be easily seen with a low power microscope. Suppliers of prepared slides of the subjects discussed are provided. (See footnote if animated flea circus left isn't displayed). Fleas seem to get a 'bad press', which is hardly surprising as they are unwanted 'guests' on our pets or in our houses. They are or have been the vectors of a number of serious diseases including Bubonic Plague, i.e. the Black Death of the Middle Ages which killed one quarter of the population of Europe. However, they are amazing insects and as we like to celebrate the wonders of the miniature world 'warts and all' here on Micscape, this month we take a closer look at these fascinating critters. Flea factfile - some itchy facts about fleas (source and quotes from Enycylopaedia Britannica 15th edition, 1993 printing, entry for 'flea' in Micropaedia) fleas are 'wingless, blood-sucking insects of the Order Siphonaptera'

22. News And Information On Termites, Pests And Insects/Buzzwords fleas can also live yearround in a warm house. for introducing these insect pests onto residential properties, where pets can encounter them. http://www.terminix.com/Fun/Buzzwords/index.cfm?fuseaction=main&newsID=47

23. Gordon's Flea Page An Introduction to the biology, classification and ecology of fleas. Skip back to where you came from. Back to the insect Orders http://www.earthlife.net/insects/siphonap.html

The Siphonaptera, or Fleas Big fleas have little fleas, Apon their backs to bite 'em, And little fleas have lesser fleas, and so, ad infinitum. This well known little ditty offers us, not only an interesting insight into a fascinating aspect of life in general, but also a glimpse into the success with which these small creatures have brought themselves to our attention in the past. Introduction Fleas are small laterally compressed (flattened from side to side) holometabolous (having a complete metamorphosis) insects. They are all apterous (flightless [from a = not, and pteron = wing]). They have no eyes though 2 simple ocelli may be present. Their antennae are short and stout and their adult mouthparts are adapted for piercing and sucking. The larvae are eruciform and apodous meaning they look like a caterpillar with no legs. The adults are all blood sucking ectoparsites a parasite which lives on the outside of its host) of mammals and birds, while in general the larvae are detritivores feeding on minute particles of discarded organic matter still adhering to the host, or on the substrate of a commonly used sleeping place or nest. The bodies of both adults and larvae have many backward pointing hairs, it is these, and the powerful leg muscles which make it so hard to hold a flea between you finger tips, they always slip out. Fossil fleas have been recorded from the Lower Cretaceous.

24. About Fleas By Flea Scare Naturals With Flea Animation fleas are wingless, insect predators which, in the adult stage, feed solely on the blood of warmblooded animals, birds and mamals. http://www.fleascarenaturals.com/aboutfleas.html

Home About About Fleas About Catnip ... Pet Care Links About Fleas Fleas are wingless, insect predators which, in the adult stage, feed solely on the blood of warm-blooded animals, birds and mamals. Fleas may transmit certain disease-causing organisms, including tapeworms and bacterium that cause bubonic plague. There are approximately 11,000 species of fleas and about 240 species which occur in the United States. The female flea may lay her eggs on the host animal, in or around the nest, den, lair or other sleeping quarters of it's host. When deposited on the fur or feathers of it's host, the eggs will roll off onto the ground, because the eggs are dry. Legless larvae will scavenge among the dust, debris and dried blood from the adult flea. Flea Scare Naturals sells non-toxic flea repellent on our Product page. Other web sites with information on Fleas Microscopic pictures of fleas Insect Insights For more information E-mail: Flea Scare Naturals L.P, Quilcene, WA., 98376-0507; Fax: (360) 765-0339 Home About Flea Scare About Fleas About Catnip ... Pet Care Links var site="sm7fleascare" Flea Scare Naturals

25. Flea Control - Get Rid Of Fleas TREATING FOR fleas IN THE HOME. 1. The use of insect growth inhibitors and residual insecticides. Frequently dust, sweep, vacuum, and mop all surfaces http://www.doyourownpestcontrol.com/fleas.htm

Home Online Store Product Catalog FLEAS AND FLEA CONTROL View Basket Treating for Fleas in the Home Treating for Fleas Outside the Home Treating for Fleas on the Pet Odor Destroyer for Urine and Feces ... Contact Information Quick Links: On Line Store Ants Flies Roaches ... Termites More Pests: On Line Store Bed Bugs Black Widow Spiders Boxelder Bugs ... Yellow Jackets All Pest Control Products : On Line Store(All Products) Aerosols : All Aerosols CB 80 Invader HPX Precor 2000 / Ultracide ... Total Release Bombs Baits for Insects: All Baits for Insects Ant Baits Ant Bait Kits Fly Bait-Maxforce ... Treating for Fleas on the Pet Fleas are parasites, feeding directly on humans or other warm blooded animals. Usually you or your pet serve as these hosts. A flea can jump 7 to 8 inches vertically and 14 to 16 inches horizontally. A skin reaction to a flea bite appears as a slightly raised and red itchy spot. Sometimes these sores bleed. Fleas usually require warm and humid conditions to develop.

26. Fleas Flea control, information and products for surface and pets. Recommended insect growth inhibitors. FLEA FIX PRECOR. Recommended residual insecticides http://www.doyourownpestcontrol.com/INFO/pick-fleas.htm

FLEAS AND FLEA CONTROL FleasInside the Home FleasOutside the Home FleasOn the Pet Frontline Plus for Dogs and Cats Odor Destroyer for Urine and Feces Fleas are parasites, feeding directly on humans or other warm blooded animals. Usually you or your pet serve as these hosts. A flea can jump 7 to 8 inches vertically and 14 to 16 inches horizontally. A skin reaction to a flea bite appears as a slightly raised and red itchy spot. Sometimes these sores bleed. Fleas usually require warm and humid conditions to develop. Due to the flea cycle and weather conditions, many people don't realize they have a flea problem until they return home from vacation or after a move to new premises and are confronted by hungry fleas. There are several types of fleas, but the most common is the cat flea, even on dogs. Fleas are attracted to body heat, movement, and exhaled carbon dioxide. APPEARANCE: The average size ranges from 1/12 to 1/6 inch long. They are very small and have no wings.

27. Fleas | Insect Ecology & Veterinary Parasitology | University Of Bristol The fleas are small, wingless, obligate, bloodfeeding insects. Over 95% of flea species are ectoparasites of mammals, while the others are ectoparasites of http://www.bio.bris.ac.uk/research/insects/fleas.html

Biological Sciences Research Site sections Home Ectoparasite Research Endoparasite Research Research opportunities For information on:- Mites Adult flies Myiasis Fleas ... Cestodes Fleas (Siphonaptera) The fleas are small, wingless, obligate, blood-feeding insects. Over 95% of flea species are ectoparasites of mammals, while the others are ectoparasites of birds. The order is relatively small with about 2,500 described species, almost all of which are morphologically very similar. Adult fleas usually live in temporary association with their host; flea morphology, physiology and behaviour are intimately associated with hosts that are only intermittently available, temporary episodes of feeding and the microhabitat of the nest, burrow or dwelling of the host animal. Mammals and birds which do not build nests, or return regularly to specific bedding, lairs or burrows generally do not have fleas. Hence, fleas are common on rodents, bats, carnivores and rabbits and virtually absent on ungulates. Through their close association with the habitations of humans and their companion and domestic animals, a number of species of flea have become distributed worldwide and now proliferate in previously inhospitable habitats. Many species of flea are able to parasite a range of hosts. This, combined with their mobility, which allows them to move easily between hosts, makes them parasites of considerable medical and veterinary importance and makes them difficult to control. Once on their host, fleas feed daily or every other day. Females require significantly more blood than males. Blood-feeding may have a range of damaging effects on the host animal, causing inflammation, pruritus or anaemia. Fleas may also act as vectors of bacteria, protozoa, viruses and tapeworms. Flease are also important as agents of cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions, particularly in cats and dogs.

28. Berkeley Parents Network: Insect Bites She said that it looked more like insect bites ie fleas or mites (possibly from birds in the eaves since we don t have pets). We had borrowed an infant http://parents.berkeley.edu/advice/health/insect_bites.html

Berkeley Parents Network Home Members Post a Msg Reviews ... Search Insect Bites Berkeley Parents Network Advice Advice about Health > Insect Bites Bug Bites on Mom Only Mysterious bites Toddler getting bitten at night Itchy bumps on 7-year-old (insect bites?) ... Nighttime bug bites See also: Dust Mites Flea Bites Head Lice Mosquito Bites ... Household Pests Bug Bites on Mom Only May 2004 I have been reading the archives searching for answers to a perplexing problem. I am being bitten while I sleep by what I think are mosquitos. For the first time in my life, some of bites swell up into red welts while others look just like average mosquito bites. My husband, who sleeps right next to me, has not been bitten at all. Neither has my toddler. I usually find one mosquito in our room but haven't seen then anywhere else in our house. As the archives suggested, I have checked my bed - it's not bed bugs. No one else is being bitten so it doesn't sound like rat mites or scabbies. I have called Mosquite Abatement. I'm taking B Vitamins and eating nutritional yeast. I have a fan pointed at our bed. Yet, I have a new bites every few days. We rent so I can't make any serious changes to the house like installing screens or putting in a ceiling fan. Why is it that I am the only one in the house the mosquitos want? Could this have anything to do with my nursing or a hormonal imbalance? Could I have developed an allergy to mosquito bites? What can I do to ensure I am not devoured while I sleep? Does mosquito netting really keep them out (my husband and I each get out of bed at least once during the night). Are there traps I can set in my bedroom? And why is it only our bedroom that has the issue when there are no screens on any of our windows (most are the crank style that can't have screens). This is starting to affect my sleep as I wake up, imagining I am being bitten and then can't fall back to sleep. Any advice you have would be most appreciated. Tired of the late night snack

29. GreenHead Insect Repellent Repellent for mosquitos, flies, gnats, bees, deer flies, nosee-ums, chiggers, ticks and fleas. Donate insect Repellent to our troops in Iraq and Kuwait http://www.greenheadfly.com/

doYourThing('main.html') Insect Repellent for mosquitos, flies, gnats, bees, deer flies, no-see-ums, chiggers, ticks and fleas. ORDER NOW! Retail Locations West Nile Virus Track Order ... 10 ITCH-FREE TIPS Compare our Product: Product name % Active DEET GREENHEAD Cutter Backwoods OFF! OFF! Skintastic Skin So Soft (Avon) Product name Time it works GREENHEAD minutes OFF! Deep Woods minutes OFF! Skintastic minutes OFF! Skintastic for Kids minutes Skin-So-Soft Bug Guard Plus (Avon) minutes Buzz Away minutes Skin-So-Soft Bug Guard (Avon) minutes Skin-So-Soft Bath Oil minutes Skin-So-Soft Moisturizing Suncare minutes Gone Original Wristband seconds Repello Wristband seconds Gone Plus Repelling Wristband second s *Based on the study done by the New England Journal of Medicine Stings and bug bites are caused by the Black Fly population because of the cessation of the use of bug spray chemicals to control over population of Flea s and other insect repellants.

30. We Rank Insect Repellents For Mosquitoes, Flies, Bees, Wasps, Ticks, Fleas, Chig Why is GreenHead Brand the best insect Repellent for fleas you can buy? For more information about mosquitoes, please click on the link title below http://www.greenheadfly.com/fleas.html

Get Rid of Fleas Now! Why is GreenHead Brand the best Insect Repellent for fleas you can buy? For more information about mosquitoes , please click on the link title below: Insect Repellent Mosquito Control Flea and Tick Repellent If you need more information about fleas , you will find a very informative website at DAK Pharmaceuticals mosquitoes fleas ticks ... insect repellent This Page is created by Dynamic Web Promotion Software - Submission 2000

31. Welcome To Healthypet.com! The flea is a hardy insect with a lifespan of six to 12 months. You can spray your yard with insecticide, or you can battle fleas with their natural http://www.healthypet.com/library_view.aspx?ID=28&sid=1

32. GARDENING : Other : Insect Control : DIY Network Ask your veterinarian about new products such as insectgrowth regulators, which interrupt the growth cycle of fleas so larvae won t turn into adults. http://www.diynetwork.com/diy/ip_other/article/0,2029,DIY_13970_2268568,00.html

SEARCH GARDENING Index Flowers General Information Container Gardening ... Wildlife SPONSOR LINKS Insect Control From " " episode DIR-120 advertisement Figure A Insects and other pests can be a real hassle during the warmer months. Here are a few tips to help you minimize the intrusion from these unwanted visitors. A caulk gun ( figure A ) is very helpful in keeping pests out of the house. Caulk around as many openings as possible. Pay particular attention to door frames, foundations and windows. Keep all dry goods in airtight containers. Clean spills promptly. Residue from sweet drinks can attract ants. Wash your dishes regularly, and empty your garbage frequently to keep food waste from attracting flies and ants. New houseplants sometimes harbor insects. Keep new plants isolated from your other plants. Coping With Fleas Fleas can be a real problem in spring and summer. When the temperature and humidity begin to rise, adult fleas begin to emerge. To deal with flea problems, start with your pets. Use a gentle flea-control shampoo and work the suds well into the animal's fur. Then rinse well. Never use shampoo designed for humans on your pets. It can irritate their skin. Insecticidal soaps such as those containing citrus oils can be very effective in helping to control flea problems.

33. Control Yellow Jackets, Mosquitoes, Wasps, Fire Ants, And Hornets With Natural A stinging insects such as Mosquitoes, Wasps, Hornets, Yellow Jackets, fleas, insect Control Mosquitoes, fleas, Wasps, Yellow Jackets, Fire Ants and http://www.saferbrand.com/biting&stinging/bitingandstinginghome.htm

Search Insect Control Articles Frequently Asked ?s Yellow Jackets Fleas ... Instructions for All Products Biting and Stinging Insects VICTOR® POISON-FREE® and Safer® products manage and eliminate biting and stinging insects such as Mosquitoes, Wasps, Hornets, Yellow Jackets, Fleas, and Hobo Spiders. Click on the biting insect or spider in the menu for products we recommend to solve your problem. The Fire Ant Fact: Fire Ants infest more than 310 million acres and 12 states in the Southeastern United States. Fact: Expansion of these aggressive, venomous ants continues westward at a rate of about 120 miles per year. Fact: Almost everyone stung by a fire ant experiences some sort of a reaction to the venom, but 16 percent of people experience life-threatening reactions. Here are links to more helpful information on the Fire Ant - Spreading Like Wildfire: Risk of Fire Ant Attacks Increases as Insect Population Spreads Gives you information on Biology, Identification, History, Habitat, and More. Learn more about Safer® Brand Fire Ant Killer Keep Mosquitoes Away There are several ways to prevent mosquitoes from attacking your, your children and pets, and your yard. Use these tactics to

34. Zodiac Fleatrol TM Carpet Upholstery Insect Control Products that combat fleas, ticks, and other insects in your home. Control multiple stages of fleas, mosquitoes, ticks and other insects, http://www.drsfostersmith.com/product/prod_display.cfm?pcatid=12359&N=2001 11338

35. IPCO Network Pest And Insect Information fleas Order of insects called Siphonaptera, which means wingless siphon. fleas are one of the more important groups of insect pests because they not http://www.ipconetwork.org/pests/bsshow.mv?g.rcno=30

36. Taking The Bite Out Of Fleas And Ticks fleas and ticks and attack your cat or dog and pass infections on to your children, including Lyme Fighting fleas and Ticks • insect Stings and Bites http://pediatrics.about.com/cs/pharmacology/l/blfleas_ticks.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') zfs=0;zCMt='a12' About Pediatrics Pediatrics Essentials ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Pediatrics newsletter! See Online Courses Search Pediatrics Taking the Bite out of Fleas and Ticks Fleas are truly devoted to their work. In one day, a single flea can bite your cat or dog more than 400 times. Join the Discussion Have questions? Ask the Pediatrician. Pediatrics Guide Related Resources Don't Let the Bugs Bite Prevention of Insect Bites and Stings Treatments for Insect Bites and Stings Insect Repellents ... Poison Ivy Elsewhere on the Web Fighting Fleas and Ticks Insect Stings and Bites Bee, Wasp and Insect Stings Insect Stings ... Lyme Disease During that same day, the flea can consume more than its body weight of your pet's blood. And before it's through, a female flea can lay hundreds of eggs on your pet, ensuring that its work will be carried on by generations to come. Fleabites may be merely a nuisance to some pets, but to others, they can be dangerous. They can cause flea allergy dermatitisan allergic reaction to proteins in flea saliva. A pet's constant scratching to rid itself of fleas can cause permanent hair loss and other skin problems. A pet can get a tapeworm if it eats a flea that has one. And flea feasts on your pet's blood can lead to anemia and, in rare cases, death.

37. BED BUG PRODUCTS insect Growth Regulators A new technology in the management of fleas is the use FOR FLEA CONTROL The active ingredient in this concentrate is an insect http://www.bug-guy.com/bed_bug_products.htm

The Bug-guy Click here to request Bugaboo Service See recent newspaper article on Bugaboo Is there a relationship between insects and disease? Payment processing by either toll free fax line 1 866 344-7279 or Cart status Just $3.95 Flat rate shipping Free! if over $100.00 Home Up Products To Control Bed Bugs D-Force HPX DEMIZE CARPET SPRAY EXCITER Pyrethrin Concentrate ... Steri-Fab® DEMIZE CARPET SPRAY 16 oz. aerosol Adulticide plus IGR. Convenient Aerosol treats 1000+ sq ft. The only aerosol that kills all four stages of fleas Insect Growth Regulator is stable in ultraviolet light (sunlight) and can be used in patios, near windows, in kennels, in shaded runs etc. Pleasant citrus fragrance Safe for plants, furniture, carpets Safest of aerosols for use in areas with aquariums, birds, reptiles and other delicate pets (with recommended precautions) Aerosol Carpet Spray contains Permethrin (a botanical flea killer for quick and safe killing of fleas), an Insect Growth Regulator for prevention of re-infestation, and citrus-based penetrating adulticide to kill flea eggs, larvae, and pupae in a one-step indoor application. It also contains Linalool (Linalool is found in lavender flowers and is one of the constituents of lavender oil) Prevents flea and roach reproduction for up to 5 months Contain Insect Growth Regulators (IGR) To disallow the eggs to mature. Insect Growth Regulators (IGR) Generally have very little toxicity to mammals since it disrupts the growth and development processes specific to insects. Can cause sterilization of adult insects. They contain

38. Insect Research & Development Ltd | Fleas The most common is the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis. fleas are small, wingless, ectoparasitic insects measuring between 18mm. http://www.insectresearch.com/fleas.html

Fleas Home Contact our staff Conference facilities Email us Order: Siphonaptera Common Fleas: Cat Flea Ctenocephalides felis Dog Flea Ctenocephalides canis Human Flea Pulex irritans What are fleas? There are about 2000 species of fleas worldwide. The most common is the cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis . Fleas are small, wingless, ectoparasitic insects measuring between 1-8mm. They are laterally flattened with clearly segmented bodies and large hind legs adapted for jumping. They possess piercing and sucking mouthparts. Their colouring ranges from yellow to chestnut brown depending on the species. Where do they live? Fleas are not generally host specific. The cat flea, Ctenocephalides felis , can be found on a wide range of hosts from cats and dogs, through to camels and cattle. They are not adverse to biting humans and will happily live in association with them. There is, however, a human flea, Pulex irritans, which is quite rare and can also be found on a variety of hosts including badgers, pigs and foxes. Fleas can be found in the fur, feathers or sleeping areas of their hosts depending on the host's activity. In the home the cat flea is commonly found on both the cat, its bedding, or favourite area to lay in. How do they breed?

39. Insect Photos Bedbugs, Caterpillars. fleas, Lice, Midges. Mites, Mosquitoes, Scorpions. Spiders, Ticks Tussock Moth Tunga (Jigger Flea) Tick Bite Reaction http://medent.usyd.edu.au/photos/insect photos.htm

Department of Medical Entomology Photographs Ants Bedbugs Caterpillars Fleas ... Chigger Mite Mosquitoes Common Mosquitoes of Southeastern Australia Around the home Along the coast Inland regions Aedes aegypti Aedes alternans Aedes alternans Aedes notoscriptus ... Culex australicus (not in SE Australia, but included since Ae. aegypti is an important vector elsewhere) Other Mosquito Photographs Mosquitoes of Australia Blood fed mosquitoes Male and Female ... top of page

40. Fleas? - Sergeant's Pet Products Adult fleas are small, brownish insects flattened from side to side. A new technology in the management of fleas is the use of insect growth regulators http://www.sergeants.com/animals/flea_tick/flea.asp

About Sergeant's FAQ Contact Us Site Map ... Home There are four distinct developmental stages of the flea: eggs, larvae, pupae and the adult flea. Flea infestations include all stages of the flea life cycle. You may be surprised to learn that adult fleas only make up about 1% of an infestation, that means 99% are pre-adult fleas lurking around. These pre-adults consist of the following: * Flea Eggs account for approximately 34% of the infestation. * Flea Larvae account for approximately 57% of the infestation. * Flea Pupae account for approximately 8% of the infestation. Flea Eggs: Flea Larvae: Flea Pupae: Adult Fleas: 1. Treat the Environment

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