81. History Of Hemp In Finland In the long history of hemp cultivation, Southern and Western finland were once planted much more densely. Finnish use Hemp was a versatile plant in finland http://mojo.calyx.net/~olsen/HEMP/IHA/iha03115.html

History of hemp in Finland Erkki Laitinen Voionmaankatu 24 B, FIN-40100 Jyväskylä, Finland Arrival in Finland Hemp, a crop plant found all over the world, has been cultivated for at least 3,000 years. It was grown in India during the years 800-900 B.C, and was the first fiber plant to be used in China. In Europe, hemp became known a little later than in Asia. Its use is mentioned at the end of the 'golden' period of Greece and during Roman times, approximately 2,000 years ago. At that time, hemp was already being cultivated throughout the Mediterranean region, according to historic documents. Recent scientific investigations have, however, changed established opinions on the age of hemp cultivation in Europe. Evidence of hemp cultivation in the area of modern Switzerland, Austria and Germany during the period of 800-400 BC, has been suggested from the analysis of soil samples from these regions. It may be assumed that with continuing paleoecological ( i.e. , research on pollen from lake sediments) and macro-fossil ( i.e.

82. Stunts Finland - History A short professional history. I was born in Jyväskylä, finland on December 5th, 1971. Since I was a little boy, my biggest dream was always to become a http://www.kolumbus.fi/stuntsfinland/history.html

A short professional history Since I was a little boy, my biggest dream was always to become a stuntman for movies. I spent my teenage years studying the profession, practicing and gathering information. A video camera and drawing equipment were important when learning the profession, because I have always been interested in awakening emotional reactions with visual storytelling, in action, drama as well as comedy. With that project, I moved to the capital area in Finland and started my career as a professional stunt coordinator. Since then, I have coordinated and performed stunt scenes for the following movies: The Tough Ones, Tommy and the Wildcat, Return to Plainfields and Kites over Helsinki. In the TV field, I have worked in the following series: Trabant Express, High Voltage and Secret Lives. My biggest foreign project at the moment is the North European joint production "I am Dina". You can get my up-to-date CV by clicking here Before starting work as a professional stunt coordinator, I adopted a principle I have never strayed from: no film shot is worth more than somebody's life or health. Thanks to this principle and appropriate work methods, I have not suffered any accidents so far, but the principle has never affected the feel or appearance of my stunt scenes either.

83. European Forest Institute - Forest Information Services Network For Europe (FINE finland s vast forests a short history of forest use. The harvest of wood has developed gradually. It was affected by multiple different factors such as http://www.efi.fi/fine/Finland/history.html

Forest Information Services Network for Europe Finland's vast forests - a short history of forest use The harvest of wood has developed gradually. It was affected by multiple different factors such as for example socio-political causes, personal needs, labour policy, production costs, forest equipment, harvesting methods and education. The early days Blacksmiths of the Stone Age gradually became able to produce efficient axes for woodcutting. Wood was cut by axe in order to build houses and to manufacture tools and household utilities. Trees were well respected in those days. A habit was that before starting to cut a tree it was "knocked down" with the back of axe to prevent it from feeling pain during cutting. The axe had become the most important tool. It was the key to forest. With the axe the "lock" of the forest was opened and man was able to harvest trees more efficiently for his own needs. Without forests and the axe as tool it would have been very difficult, most likely impossible, to inhabit the northern country of Finland. Slash-and-burn cultivation According to pollen analysis

84. History Of Finland Comprehensive online resources about the history of finland. http://history1900s.about.com/library/world/blxfinland.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help 20th Century History Homework Help ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the 20th Century History newsletter! See Online Courses Search 20th Century History History of Finland Background Notes: Finland Historical information from the United States Department of State. Britannica.com: Finland History A lengthy encyclopedic history from Britannica.com. Use the outline below the article to navigate through the complete text of this extensive encyclopedia entry. Chronology of Finnish History A fantastic timeline from prehistory through the 20th century, from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Country Study: Finland This comprehensive book-length information from the Library of Congress includes an entire chapter (chapter one) of history of the country. Flags of the World: Finland Information, images, and available history of the current and past flags of the country. Geography and Maps of Finland A plethora of geographical information and online maps from the About Geography site.

85. ☞ Finland, History Bulletin Board Index finland history index Classifieds1000 World Message Board We have no messages for finland, history yet. Please share your thoughts or a ask a question http://board.classifieds1000.com/Finland/History

Finland Finland Directory Finland Real Estate Listings Furniture Finland 'History' index Classifieds1000 World Message Board All listings are the responsiblity of the posters; keep in mind, anyone can post anything! Buy or Sell Online Without the Fear of Fraud Never buy or sell without using an Escrow Service Add this site to Favorites Home Amigos! ... Fun in the Sun (Carribean Vacations and More) Finland History bulletin board message index. Click on a message to read or reply to it. Scroll down or click here to post a new message. We have no messages for Finland, History yet. Please share your thoughts or a ask a question. Add New Message to Finland, Expat Discussion Board Please submit a new discussion here. HTML is not allowed and you are encouraged to seperate your paragraphs with a double blank line for readablity. Please make sure your message is relevant to Finland and the selected topic. Everything you enter will be published. Location: Finland Subject: Topic: Select Topic Art and Artists Business Cars Entertainment Expat Export For Sale Gay History Import Investments Jobs Life Miscellanous News Headlines Politics Real Estate Retirement Sports Technology Travel Wanted Name: E-Mail: Optional (please add link to our directory first) Web Link: Link Title: Message: Submit Message. Please do not post the same message more than once.

86. ☞ Finland Travel, Business, Real Estate, For Sale, Jobs, Technology, Histo homes for sale in finland * finland real estate * finland land for sale * finland expat * land for sale in finland * licorice history * finland licorice http://board.classifieds1000.com/Finland

Finland Finland Directory Finland Real Estate Listings Furniture Finland Topic Index Classifieds1000 World Message Board All listings are the responsiblity of the posters; keep in mind, anyone can post anything! Buy or Sell Online Without the Fear of Fraud Never buy or sell without using an Escrow Service Add this site to Favorites Home Amigos! ... Fun in the Sun (Carribean Vacations and More) Most Recent 20 Finland Messages Page 1 Jobs looking for a job Fri Mar 11 10:22:31 2005 (By: emil ) Replies: 12 Last reply at: Mon Sep 19 05:29:23 2005 (By: ahsan For Sale Seat Ibiza Sport 2004 for sale Sun Sep 18 14:31:34 2005 (By: Anatoli ) Replies: Jobs german Computer Scientist with strong personality Thu Sep 8 17:10:22 2005 (By: Ralf Schuengel ) Replies: Jobs Job Required Tue Jun 7 14:16:26 2005 (By: Usha ) Replies: 1 Last reply at: Thu Aug 25 12:02:11 2005 (By: ateeb Ahmed Business Tue Aug 16 22:16:54 2005 (By: Sidney Kaylen S ) Replies: Cars Used carparts from all brands Wed Aug 3 07:43:18 2005 (By: Jos ) Replies: Entertainment music Thu Jul 28 17:19:07 2005 (By: john smith ) Replies: Entertainment music Thu Jul 28 17:18:57 2005 (By: john smith ) Replies: Gay bed and breakfast in Finland Wed Jul 20 16:04:29 2005 (By: Stephen ) Replies: Real Estate How do i go about buying land in Finland Fri May 20 09:47:29 2005 (By: Tim Collins ) Replies: Jobs geograghy Tue Mar 8 17:24:18 2005 (By: shon ) Replies: 2 Last reply at: Mon Apr 25 08:56:09 2005 (By: oluwafemiolumide Sports what kind of sports there are?

87. Specialty Travel: For 25 Years, The #1 Source For Adventure And Special Interest Film Festivals, Film/Film history, Fishing/Flyfishing, Flightseeing, Flyin Charters Search Results finland / history Tours. NORDIC COMPANY, THE http://www.specialtytravel.com/operators/operator.cgi?geo_code=120&act_code=662

88. Journal Of Interdisciplinary History, Volume 34, 2004-2003 - Table Contraception finland history 19th century. Contraception finland history 20th century. Abstract. finland s fertility decline started in http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_interdisciplinary_history/toc/jih34.2.ht

89. Journal Of Women S History, Volume 13 - Table Of Contents finland history 20th century. Family farms finland history 20th century. Sexual division of labor finland history 20th century. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/journal_of_womens_history/toc/jowh13.2.html

90. The Virtual Jewish History Tour - Finland Cyber encyclopedia of Jewish history and culture that covers everythingfrom antiSemitism to Zionism. It includes a glossary, bibliography of web sites and http://www.jewishvirtuallibrary.org/jsource/vjw/Finland.html

The Virtual Jewish History Tour Finland Prehistory of the Community The territory which is now Finland was for more than half a millenniumuntil 1809part of the Swedish Kingdom. Under Swedish law, Jews of that period were allowed to settle only in three major towns in the Kingdom, none of them being situated in the territory of Finland. In 1809, as a consequence of the defeat of Sweden in the Russian-Swedish war of 1808-9, part of the Napoleonic Wars, Sweden lost control of Finland and an autonomous Grand Duchy of Finland was established within the Russian Empire. The Swedish constitution and legal system was, however, maintained in the Grand Duchy, and the prohibition on Jewish settlement in Finland thus continued. Arrival of Jews in the Czar's Army Finnish Jewish history effectively began in the first half of the 19th century when Jewish soldiers (so-called cantonists), who served in the Russian Army in Finland, were permitted to stay in Finland by the Russian military authorities following the soldiers' discharge. Subsequently, the

91. Axis History Factbook: Finland Information on (almost) all aspects of the Third Reich and its allies during the Second World War. http://www.axishistory.com/index.php?id=35

92. Country Study Finland Social Studies finland A good overview of finland, history, government, statistics and more. history of finland A collection of events and documents related to http://www.archaeolink.com/country_study_finland_people_his.htm

Finland People History Culture Home Afghanistan Social Studies Albania Social Studies Algeria Social Studies ... Vietnam Social Studies You may find additional information about the country of your choice in the sections for Archaeology Anthropology or Ancient Civilizations Finland Tourism Please Note: If you sometimes get an error message when clicking on a large text link, don't give up. Try the URL link instead. There are times when the large text link doesn't "take" for some reason, thus the built-in redundancy. Thank you. Go to Finland Capital City Helsinki City Profile CIA - The World Factbook Finland _ A Detailed look at Finland including history, culture, political structure, economics and many other topics. - From US Central Intelligence Agency - http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/fi.html Colleges and Universities - Finland List of schools with direct contact links to each. - From Christina DeMello - http://www.mit.edu:8001/people/cdemello/fi.html

93. History Of Finland A Selection Of Events And Documents history of finland Swedish rule c. 1200-1809. Arma Magni Ducatus finlandiæ. To the top history of finland - Russian rule 1809-1917 http://www.histdoc.net/history/history.html

Updated on 27 February, 2005 History of Finland: A selection of events and documents Document language: Sisällysluettelo/Contents in Finnish Urkunder till Finlands historia History of Finland - Swedish rule c. Arma Magni Ducatus Finlandiæ. The arms of the Grand Duchy of Finland, as pictured in 1591 on the pedestal of Gustav Vasa's tomb in Uppsala Cathedral, Sweden. Pope Innocentius IV's Letter of Protection to the Confessors of the Christian Faith in Finland 27 August 1249. A Letter of Protection by King Birger Magnusson for womankind in Karelia on Oct. 1, 1316. A letter (1539) by Martin Luther to the Swedish king Gustavus Vasa, original in Latin with a Swedish translation. The king searched a tutor to his son, and Luther recommends also the Finn Michael Agricola, who later in 1548 translated the New Testament ( excerpt ) into Finnish. April 20, 1539. The first printed Bible in Finnish. (National Library Treasures). Georg North's short description The Peace Treaty between Sweden and Russia May 18, 1595. The Duchy of Estonia was recognized to belong to Sweden and the eastern border of Finland was defined through this treaty. Even though its final signatories, the Russian Tsar Fyodor Ioannovich (died 1598) and the Swedish King Sigismund (deposed 1599) never signed the treaty, it was put into effect right after the negotiations. Parallel old Swedish text included.

94. Pauli Kruhse S Homepage history of finland A selection of events and documents. Pope in 1249, finland a fayre Countrye 1561, the text of the Peace Treaty of Teusina between Russia http://www.histdoc.net/

Welcome to Pauli Kruhse's homepage 1896. A view of the city of Turku, the ancient capital of Grand Duchy of Finland. (Click for a bigger image Source: I.K. Inha, "Finland i bilder". 1896. Archive: Eduskunnahoone (in Estonian) Herman Liikanen garibaldino finlandese ... to the Finnish language Local and personal: Photos and notes about Lauttasaari - the urban area I live in. Sveaborg and the Crimean War Also an overview to the local history: The Unknown Soldier optical telegraphy the fortifications of 1914-17 and air raids on Helsinki in 1944. A brief vita. Tekijänoikeus. Upphovsrätt. Feel free to send your comment or suggestion using the enclosed form. History of Finland: A selection of events and documents Pope in 1249, Finland a fayre Countrye 1561, the text of the Peace Treaty of Teusina between Russia and Sweden 1595, scientists in Lapland 1736, the solemn declaration of Alexander I of Russia 1809, the text of the Peace Treaty of Fredrikshamn between Russia and Sweden 1809, Sveaborg and the Crimean War 1854-55, maps of 1855, an illustrated tour in Helsinki of 1896 with 34 photos (recent ones included, too), the address of 1,050 prominent European personalities 1899, Nicholas II and his abdication, Declaration of Independence 1917, Lenin, Stalin and Trotsky recognize Finland's independence 1917, non-aggression pact of 1932, The Winter War, a war time song of 1942 (audio) etc. Maps, pictures, sounds, ...

95. A Virtual Travel To Finland - Suomi - Republiken Finland - Suomen Tasavalta Comprehensive site about finland s history by Ministry for Foreign Affairs of finland. Main outlines of Finnish history Article about finland s past. http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/finland.htm

Advertise here One World - Nations Online the countries of the world Home Continents Europe Finland A virtual destination guide to Finland, this page is about many aspects of this Nordic country. Search and locate official web sites from Finland, and find comprehensive information on the nation in its diversity: The Finnish culture, history and geography. Get key information on Finland's economy, education, science, environment, population, and government. You will have access to news from Finland and you may visit Finnish cities. Find maps and other tourism information for sightseeing, travel and holidays in Finland. keywords: national pages of finland, suomi, finish newspapers, tourist information for Finland, Finland tourism, Official Sites Map News Culture ... Additional Links Finland - Suomi - Finlande - Finlandia Country Profile Flag of Finland Background: Ruled by Sweden from the 12th to the 19th centuries and by Russia from 1809, Finland finally won its independence in 1917. During World War II, it was able to successfully defend its freedom and fend off invasions by the Soviet Union and Germany. In the subsequent half century, the Finns have made a remarkable transformation from a farm/forest economy to a diversified modern industrial economy; per capita income is now on par with Western Europe. As a member of the European Union, Finland was the only Nordic state to join the euro system at its initiation in January 1999. (Source: CIA - The World Factbook) border countries: Norway Sweden Russia , maritime border with

96. About Helsinki - A Brief History Of Helsinki Helsinki was proclaimed the Finnish capital in 1812 and finland s only university, which had been founded in Turku history of finland Top of the page http://www.hel.fi/english/info/

About Helsinki History Brief facts Brochures ... International activities A Brief History of Helsinki The town of Helsinki was founded by King Gustavus Vasa of Sweden (which Finland belonged to for many centuries) as a new trading post in southern Finland and a competitor to Tallinn in Estonia, the Hanseatic city on the opposite shore of the Gulf of Finland. The King then ordered the burghers of Rauma Ulvila Porvoo and Tammisaari to move to Helsinki; the date on which this order was issued, 12.6.1550, is regarded as the date on which the city was founded. Growth was slow, for despite the King's order, the medieval trading traditions were slow to change. Due to the wars in Russia, the Baltic countries and Germany, Helsinki was nevertheless a strategic military centre, a point of embarkation for troops and a winter haven for the navy. In time, the site of the town on the mouth of the River Vantaa proved unfavourable, and in 1640 a decision was made to move it further south to the Vironniemi headland, nowadays known as Kruununhaka near the city centre.

97. WHKMLA : History Of Finland, ToC Main Outlines of Finnish history, from Virtual finland A Web history of finland, by Pasi Kuoppamaeki An Outline history of finland, by Joni Maekivirta http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/scandinavia/xfinland.html

Sweden Russia First posted on June 19th 2002, last revised on February 5th 2005 Finland 1525-1809 Finland 1809-1864 Finland 1864-1914 Finland 1914-1918 ... Finland 1969-1990 Historical Atlas, Finland Page List of Wars : Finland BR> EXTERNAL FILES CIA World Factbook : Finland ; BBC Country Profile : Finland ; Country Profile : Finland, from Eurodata Virtual Library History : Finland Library of Congress, Country Studies : Finland Main Outlines of Finnish History, from Virtual Finland A Web History of Finland, by Pasi Kuoppamaeki An Outline History of Finland, by Joni Maekivirta Timeline of Finnish History, from Nordic Usenet , from timelines.ws , a website exploiting US newspaper articles, very detailed on the 20th century; from BBC News Chronology of Catholic Dioceses : Finland, from Kirken i Norge Biographies of Finnish Saints, from Oekumenisches Heiligenlexikon , in German Political Resources on the Net : Finland For the Record 2000 : Finland , from UN Human Rights System Wars of Finland, 1800-1999, from Armed Conflict Events Data History of the Finnish Red Cross, from

98. Consulate General Of Finland, New York - History history. Tar, immigration and investment promotion. During the 19th century, finland was an autonomous Grand Duchy of Russia. http://www.finland.org/doc/en/NY/history.html

Mission Statement Personnel Residence History History Tar, immigration and investment promotion The first consul generals of the independent Finland (1917) were nominated to London and New York during the summer of 1921. The core work in New York was to help immigrants, as approximately 290,000 Finns immigrated to the United States between 1900 and 1929. During the 1960s and 1970s, estate matters were among the key activities of the consulate. As the ranks of the first immigrant generation grew thinner, the consulate served as the legal link between deceased immigrants and their heirs in Finland. Presently the consulate has three main objectives. One of the main goals is to strengthen economic ties between Finland and the United States through, for instance, inviting investments. The second is to promote Finnish culture and to work as a catalyst for Finnish-American cultural exchange. The third is to serve well the Finns, Americans and citizens of other countries in consular matters under our jurisdiction. Back to top Last update 7.7.2004

99. Embassy Of Finland, Washington, Consulates General Of Finland, New York And Los Main Outlines of Finnish history The Prehistory of finland finland 500 years on the Map of Europe finland s Leap Into Democracy 1906 http://www.finland.org/doc/en/about/general/history.asp

General information Geography Climate People ... For Travellers About Finland General information History Kings and czars before presidents Swedish influence reached Finland together with catholic missionaries in the 12th century, and by the 14th century, most of Finland was under Swedish rule. In the following years, Finnish soldiers became a part of the Swedish armies that dominated Northern Europe in the 17th century. When Sweden lost Finland to Russia in 1809, Finland became an autonomous Grand Duchy of Russia. The head of state thus became a Russian czar, yet the Finns were allowed to keep the administration established under Swedish rule. Finland became independent on December 6, 1917 in the aftermath of World War I and the Russian Revolution. A Finnish kingdom was considered briefly, but the majority favored a republic. At last, a president became head of state. The early stages of building the republic were not easy, due largely to the breakout of civil war in 1918. Approximately 300,000 Finns emigrated to the U.S in the following years. Finland faced its toughest test for sovereignty in November 1939 as the Soviet Union sent in troops to conquer the nation. In the ensuing Winter War, Finland held its independence and maintained control of most of its land against an enemy that had looked invincible.

100. History Of The Finnish Sauna And The Nordic Bath finland was merely a quiet buffer between the Swedish and Russian empires and had It contained a brief history of bathing customs around the world, http://www.cyberbohemia.com/Pages/historyofnordic.htm

Site Content Search All about digital imaging Favorite Project ... Return to main Sweat page MEDITERRANEAN BATHS Visiting the modern Hammam in Ankara and lstanbul Early Greek and Roman Batths Mass Bathing in the Balnea and Thermae The Islamic Hammam is Born ... Private Sweat Bathing Cubicles FINNISH SAUNA A Visit in the Dead of Winter History of the Nordic Bath Sauna in Europe Sauna in Japan Sauna in America NATIVE AMERICAN SWEAT LODGE Joining Running Foot in a Navajo Sweat Lodge A Guest at an Oglala Sun Dance Ceremony History of Sweat Lodges ... The Sweat Lodge Joins the Modern World RUSSIAN BANIA A Boisterous Bath in Leningrad History of the Great Russian Bath Bannik, the Spirit of the Bania The Birth Bania ... BUILD YOUR OWN F INNISH SAUNA History of the Nordic Bath A foreigner's view of the Finns savusauna in 1799. Giuseppe Acerbi, the Italian traveler, is shown peering in on the left. From Sweat The Finns go back thousands of years to central Asia when nomadic tribes began their migration eastward and northward, to populate southwestern Russia, Slovakia, Hungary, Lithuania, Estonia, and finally Suomi, as they call their land. ORIGIN OF THE SAUNA When BC met AD the itinerant Finns were establishing fur trade with Central Europe and gave up their wandering ways. As their numbers increased, they moved inland, turning to the soil for sustenance. Anthropologists know little about the Finns before the Middle Ages; therefore, the origin of the sauna is in question. Have they always had some form of sweat bath? Were they the progenitors of sweat bathing across Europe and Asia? Did they share the idea with American Indians before they crossed the Bering Straits?

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