41. Entrez PubMed Across most of the World s coastal zone there has been a geographic transitionfrom naturally vegeta http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

42. NITROGEN LOADING FROM COASTAL WATERSHEDS TO RECEIVING ESTUARIES: NEW METHOD AND NITROGEN LOADING FROM COASTAL watersheds TO RECEIVING estuaries NEW METHOD ANDAPPLICATION. I. Valiela,a G. Collins,b J. Kremer,c K. Lajtha,d M. Geist,e B. http://www.esajournals.org/esaonline/?request=get-abstract&issn=1051-0761&volume

43. Coastal Program--U.S. Fish And Wildlife Service Restore America s estuaries is holding their Inaugural National Conference Service s efforts in bays, estuaries and watersheds around the US coastline. http://www.fws.gov/cep/cepcode.htm

Coastal Program Partnering for Coastal Conservation Contact us Service internet policies What's New: Check out " The Coastal Program FY 2002 Highlights " for examples of recent projects. Take a look at our overview fact sheet [both in PDF]. Restore America's Estuaries is holding their Inaugural National Conference April 13-16, in Baltimore. To find out more visit their web site The Coastal Program focuses the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service's efforts in bays, estuaries and watersheds around the U.S. coastline. The purpose of the Coastal Program is to conserve fish and wildlife and their habitats to support healthy coastal ecosystems. The Service provides funding through the program to 16 high-priority coastal ecosystems. The program is guided by 4 goals: Serve coastal communities by providing assessment and planning tools to identify priority habitats that should be protected and restored. Conserve pristine coastal habitats through voluntary conservation easements and locally-initiated land acquisition.

44. NYCanal - Governor Announces Preservation Of 26,000 Adirondack Acres estuaries and watersheds that will help guide policies for conservation and In addition, the Rivers and estuaries Center will feature unique http://www.nycanal.com/pressrelease/hudsonvalleywaterfrontproject.html

NYcanal Travel/Lodge Events Towns ... Hot Topics 2004 News Headlines 2004 NYS Canal Conference To Cruise Into Glens Falls, NY 9/16 Hiker-Kayaker Completes 700 Mile Journey Via Historic NYS Canal System 9/15 $2.65 Million For Recreation, Preservation And Waterfront Revitalization Projects 7/26 Draft Implementing Agreements For Protection Of Great Lakes Water Resources 7/19 ... Hudson Valley EPF Grants for 10 Waterfront Projects 2/14 2001 News Headlines Tugboat Nominated To Registers Of Historic Places 9/ 7 NYS Canal System opens 5/7 Plan To Revitalize NY Canal System 1/12 Funding To Preserve New York's Heritage 1/12 ... Preservation of 26,000 Adirondack Acres 1/4 2000 News Headlines Lake Champlain Management Plan 12/15 Trail Segment Open in Oriskany Area 11/16 NYS to Promote Tourism 11/13 Rehabilitate Buffalo Inner Harbor 10/26 ... $4.5 Million to Protect Waterways 2/28 1999 News Headlines Cayuga Indian Land Claim 8/27 Historic Preservation Grants 8/26 Verona Beach Dock Wall 8/5 Billions For NYS Enviro 8/3 ... Rehabilitation Of Locks 34 and 35 1/14 1998 News Headlines Hudson River Almanac Vol. IV 12/2

45. Header.gif (101497 Bytes) In time, reports will be provided for all county watersheds. estuaries watersheds Wetlands Benthic Index of Biotic Integrity http://www.montgomerycountymd.gov/content/dep/Watershed/home.asp

Text Version Home Help Site Map ... Montgomery County’s Commitment to Anacostia Watershed Restoration This report describes Montgomery County’s efforts to repair stream environments damaged by inadequately controlled stormwater runoff in the County’s older established watersheds. Illustrations of typical sedimentation and habitat loss damages are provided along with examples of remedial projects that have been built to restore habitat features and enable support to more diverse aquatic communities. Examples are provided of projects the Department of Environmental Protection has constructed or has under design in the Sligo Creek, Northwest Branch, Paint Branch, and Little Paint branch watersheds. These streams flow into the regional Anacostia watershed, where partnership watershed restoration efforts are being cooperatively pursued by Montgomery County, Prince George’s County, and the District of Columbia. The report presents information on number of stream restoration and stormwater retrofit projects that have been built or programmed to address problems in Montgomery County’s Anacostia tributaries, along with related information on funding, the number of stream miles restored, and watershed acres protected by new stormwater management controls. Biological Monitoring Watershed Restoration Watershed restoration is the process of returning damaged streams to conditions that are healthier, cleaner, and more natural for wildlife and aquatic life and people. Better streams and rivers means an improved quality of life for those who live, work, and play in the community. Restoring and rehabilitating streams brings many benefits to the entire county as well as to neighborhoods adjacent to streams.

46. MHBNL Introduction Our estuaries have been impacted by human activity for several centuries. scale natural changes in estuaries and watersheds and five centuries of http://www.smast.umassd.edu/MHBNL/introN.php

Home Overview Current Progress Papers/Reports ... Synthesis and Summary: May 2003 ^ Click on the image. Background and Problem Our estuaries have been impacted by human activity for several centuries. In recent years public concern over the apparent poor health of many estuaries has been growing, and consequently have resulted in a proliferation of laws and regulations intended to protect our estuaries. However, only by carefully linking cause and effect can we develop appropriate, cost effective, focused remedies for correcting, modifying, or mitigating effects. Impacts on the Mt. Hope Bay Ecosystem: Human Population Growth and Coastal Development Water Quality Changes power plant effluent pollutants nutrient enrichment freshwater discharge Climate Variability Habitat Loss/Change Natural Variations in Fish and Invertebrate Populations Biological Community Change prey populations predator populations competitor populations Fishing Mortality and Other Impacts Our Vision for the MHBNL Strategic Goals: To develop a facility for the study of anthropogenic influences on estuaries in general.

47. WATERSHEDS Can you visualize the major rivers draining the watersheds of the US? The drainage areas of estuaries can also be enormous. http://www.woodrow.org/teachers/esi/1997/02/Watersheds/index.HTM

WATERSHEDS ARE US by Scott Martin, Larry Johnson and Julie Stoughton The U.S. EPA defines a watershed as "a geographic area in which water, sediments, and dissolved materials drain into a common outlet" - a stream, lake, estuary, aquifer, or ocean. This area is also called the drainage basin, drainage area, or catchment of the receiving water body. Sometimes the word watershed is used to refer to a watershed boundary, or dividing line. In this sense, for example, the North American Continental Divide - the boundary between all waters flowing to the Atlantic Ocean and the Pacific Ocean - can be called a watershed. Can you visualize the major rivers draining the watersheds of the US? Click on the US map above to check your ideas How many major river drainage systems can you find? Which of these major river drainages (if any) includes your town? How does elevation affect river drainage? In this view, the lower elevations are represented by blue and yellow ( coastlines and valleys);the middle elevations (plains and foothills) are orange, green and brown; and the higher elevations (mountains and alpine peaks) are shown in lavender and white.

48. EPA > Oceans, Coasts, & Estuaries > Coastal Watersheds Factsheets General information on the components and functioning of coastal watersheds, andmanagng coastal resources. Tips on how you can help protect your coastal http://www.abuse.com/environment/EPA_Home/Water/Wetlands_Oceans_amp_Watersheds/O

Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Water Coastal Watershed Factsheets Coastal Watershed Factsheets You can order this document online from the National Service Center for Environmental Publications (NSCEP) For mail in requests: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency EPA Publications Clearinghouse P.O. Box 42419 Cincinnati, Ohio 45242 For telephone requests: 1-800-490-9198 (Toll Free) 1-513-489-8190 (Local) For email requests: ncepimal@one.net (orders by e-mail) Factsheets: Your Coastal Watershed The Beach and Your Coastal Watershed Near Shore Waters and Your Coastal Watershed Coral Reefs and Your Coastal Watershed ... Contact Us

49. EPA > Water > Wetlands, Oceans, & Watersheds > Oceans, Coasts, And Estuaries > H Environmental Protection Agency; Oceans, Coasts, and estuaries . Oceans, watersheds Oceans, Coasts, estuaries Habitat Protection Coral Reefs http://www.abuse.com/environment/EPA_Home/Water/Wetlands_Oceans_amp_Watersheds/O

Habitat Protection Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Water Habitat Protection Coral Reefs U.S. Coral Reef Task Force Executive Order on Coral Reef Protection On June 11, 1998 President Clinton issued Executive Order 13089 on Coral Reef Protection "to preserve and protect the biodiversity, health, heritage, and social and economic value of U.S. coral reef ecosystems and the marine environment." The presidental directive was issued as part of the National Ocean Conference , a meeting of U.S. ocean policy makers convened to mark the International Year of the Ocean. The Executive Order directs all federal agencies to protect coral reef ecosystems to the extent feasible, and instructs particular agencies to develop coordinated, science-based plans to restore damaged reefs as well as mitigate current and future impacts on reefs, both in the United States and around the globe. Coral Reef Task Force The Executive Order on Coral Reef Protection establishes the interagency U.S. Coral Reef Task Force

50. QUALIFICATIONS sound management and restoration plans for rivers, estuaries and watersheds . geomorphic mapping and surveying in rivers, watersheds and estuaries. http://city.ci.st-helena.ca.us/images/aad/FinalFloodCD/Attachment 3_Professional

Qualifications Mitchell Swanson has over eighteen years of experience in hydrology, hydraulic studies, geologic hazards, and geomorphology related to restoration and resource management in rivers, streams, coastal estuaries, and wetlands. This experience includes the development, management and completion of comprehensive technical and planning studies for a full range of private and public sector clients. Mr. Swanson specializes in the development of technically and environmentally sound management and restoration plans for rivers, estuaries and watersheds . These studies often involve the coordination of many disciplines by including biological sciences, hydraulic engineering, land use planning, economics, landscape architecture and environmental planning. In the present era of conflict between environmental regulation and society's need for flood control and utilization of water resources, Mr. Swanson has become a recognized expert in conflict resolution between governmental agencies, and public and private interests. Mr. Swanson has first hand knowledge of international management techniques used by public water resource agencies in England and Germany to help resolve problems faced by flood control engineers and resource agencies.

51. Being In Place have taken a toll on the nation s estuaries yet few direct linkages have been With less than 20% development of watersheds PCP levels were above the http://www.beinginplace.org/html/environment_estuaries.htm

ENVIRONMENT The Capital's Series on Cheasapeake Bay Watershed Restoration Fund Stormwater Management Stormwater Management (online brochure) Will the Bay Survive Our Impact? Linking Watersheds and Estuaries Treepeople The Value of Trees ... Living with Water (Requires Macromedia Flash Player) Biological Exploration t Linking Watershed Land-use Patterns to Estuarine Indicators Dennis Whigham Smithsonian Environmental Research Center Edgewater, MD Science question Direct and indirect effects of human activities have taken a toll on the nation's estuaries yet few direct linkages have been identified between human activities on land and responses in estuarine ecosystems. The Atlantic Slope Consortium (ASC) is one of five national projects funded in EPA's Estuarine and Great Lakes (EaGLe) initiative within the Science to Achieve Results (STAR) program. The goal of the EaGLe's initiative is to 'develop the next generation of ecological indicators that can be used in a comprehensive coastal monitoring program across the country's coasts'. The research Contributions to environmental outcomes The ASC research is providing a comprehensive list of potential estuarine indicators. They are also obtaining the first comprehensive information on thresholds of watershed disturbance that result in a degradation of estuarine resources. Threshold information is important because it can potentially be used to determine how much watershed development can occur in order to avoid estuarine degradation. Threshold information could also be used to identify areas where successful management and restoration would have the potential to reverse the consequences of previous development.

52. ET 01/01: Airborne Nitrogen Contributes Pollution To US Estuaries to coastal streams and estuaries once the nitrogen is deposited in watersheds . nitrogen inputs to the watersheds and water surfaces of US estuaries. http://www.sdearthtimes.com/et0101/et0101s12.html

Airborne nitrogen contributes pollution to US estuaries provided by US Department of the Interior The study, published by the American Geophysical Union (AGU) and released last month, sheds new light on the role of the atmosphere as a source of pollutants to downstream estuaries. "This study provides important new information about how coastal watersheds process atmospheric nitrogen and about the amounts of atmospheric nitrogen that enter estuaries," said Richard Alexander, a USGS hydrologist and expert on nutrients who coauthored the study. "There are important scientific and policy questions about the role of atmospheric nitrogen in causing coastal water-quality problems. This information can help local resource managers determine sources of nitrogen entering estuaries. This improved understanding of the links between air deposition of nitrogen and coastal water quality also leads to a better scientific basis for steps to minimize coastal pollution sources." This national study of the watersheds that drain to 40 major US estuaries reported the highest atmospheric contributions a quarter to about a third of the nitrogen in streams along the northeastern and Mid-Atlantic coasts, including streams flowing to the Long Island Sound and Chesapeake Bay. Atmospheric contributions were also nearly this large in many streams along the Louisiana Gulf coast, which corresponded to the locally high levels of atmospheric deposition of nitrogen in this region. A USGS study published earlier this year reported that the atmosphere accounts for a similar percentage of the nitrogen (nearly 20 percent) in the waters of the Mississippi River that flow into the Gulf of Mexico.

53. Southwest Conservation District - Long Island Sound Nonpoint Source Education is a water quality monitoring effort that is actively engaged in the scientificmonitoring of local estuaries and watersheds in lower Fairfield County. http://www.conservect.org/southwest/lis.shtml

About Us Technical Services Education Publications ... Events Long Island Sound Nonpoint Source Education Currently under development with support from a NPS educational grant from the Office of Long Island Sound Programs Download NPS publications : useful information for homeowners and others concerned about their impacts on Long Island Sound and its watersheds. Quantities of print publications are available through the Southwest Conservation District. Long Island Sound NPS information available online: http://dep.state.ct.us/olisp/index.htm Connecticut Department of Environmental Protection, Office of Long Island Sound Programs. http://www.longislandsoundstudy.net Long Island Sound Study. http://www.savethesound.org Save the Sound is dedicated to the restoration, protection, and appreciation of Long Island Sound and its watershed through advocacy, education and research. http://www.soundkeeper.org/ Soundkeeper, preserving Long Island Sound. http://www.soundwaters.org/ SoundWaters, protecting Long Island Sound through education. http://www.norwalkriver.org/

54. Harbor Watch/River Watch At Earthplace, Westport CT a wa ter quality monitoring e ffort that is actively engaged in t he scientificmonitoring of local estuaries and watersheds in lower Fairfield County. http://www.earthplace.org/environment/water_quality.html

HOME Directions Program Calendar Things to See ... Resources Earthplace 10 Woodside Lane P.O. Box 165 Westport, CT 06881 203-227-8909 Fax info@earthplace.org Building Open 9 AM - 5 PM Monday - Saturday 1 - 4 PM Sunday Grounds Open Daily 7 AM - Dusk formerly The Nature Center for Environmental Activities HARBOR WATCH/RIVER WATCH HW/RW In the News Volunteering Internships Resources ... View a Movie about Harbor Watch/River Watch If you are experiencing problems playing the movie, please download the free latest Windows Media player Harbor Watch / River Watch (HW/RW) is a wa ter quality monitoring e ffort that is actively engaged in t he scientific monitoring of local estuaries and watersheds in lower Fairfield County. Earthplace lies geographically within the ecologically important Long Island Sound (LIS) watershed. Since the mid '80s, the LIS watershed has attracted much interest and effort with respect to the restoration of its health and the i mprovement of its biological integrity.

55. Periodicals On Environmental Issues Of The Offshore Oil And Gas Exploration And aquaculture, seafood marketing and trade, marine mammals, recreation, pollution,oil and gas, coastal land use, estuaries and watersheds. http://www.offshore-environment.com/journals3.html

Offshore- environment.com Recommend this site to a colleague Environmental Impact of the Offshore Oil and Gas Industry by Stanislav Patin - a unique summary of world-wide studies on the environmental issues associated with offshore oil and gas exploration and development Learn more ORDER NOW! Highly recommended by the Offshore-Environment.com! Offshore Oil and Gas and Environmental Journals Previous Page (E-L) M Marine and Freshwater Research - multidisciplinary studies such as those in biogeochemistry. Marine and Petroleum Geology - marine and petroleum geology. Marine Chemistry - all chemical aspects of the marine environment, with emphasis on the dynamic approach. Marine Ecology - all aspects of the ecology of marine organisms and ecosystems, both pelagic and benthic. Marine Ecology Progress Series (MEPS) - all aspects of marine ecology, fundamental and applied, covering microbiology, botany, zoology, ecosystem research, biological oceanography, ecological aspects of fisheries and aquaculture, pollution, environmental protection, conservation, and resource management. Marine Environmental Research - chemical, physical, and biological interactions in the oceans and coastal waters, including the extent, persistence, and consequences of change and the recovery from such change in natural marine systems; biochemical, physiological, and ecological consequences of contaminants to marine organisms and ecosystems; biogeochemistry of naturally occurring and anthropogenic substances; models that describe and predict the above processes; monitoring studies, and others.

56. Introduction To Natural History research will enable information and data respecting estuaries and rivers/watersheds including all of the Bay s associated estuaries and watersheds. http://www.stfx.ca/research/gbayesp/NH_introduction.htm

Back To Natural History Table of Contents INTRODUCTION TO NATURAL HISTORY Outcomes and Deliverables Background and Context This report presents the preliminary outcomes of research focused on the St. Georges Bay Ecosystem that has been supported by a contract from the Department of Fisheries and Oceans, Canada Oceans Act Office (#F530080009). The research, as specified in the terms of the supporting contract, has been focused on achieving the following 'Statement of Requirement' objectives. Gather and assimilate available secondary information respecting the geology, water quality, biology, human settlement and human use of the Antigonish, Pomquet and Tracadie, Margaree, and Mabou estuaries and the coastal zone area between Pleasant Bay and Lismore, Nova Scotia . Gather and assimilate available secondary data respecting coastal, estuarine and river fisheries, e.g., alewive, eel and salmon, including sport recreational fisheries. Document contemporary land use practices and patterns associated with the coastal zones, estuaries and the lower reaches of the major rivers, including where possible descriptions and assessments of agricultural, industrial and settlement sourced pollutants.

57. About Beach Watchers Monitor beaches, marine estuaries and watersheds; Collect shoreline and coastaldata; Evaluate water quality; Survey shorelines to determine extent of http://www.beachwatchers.wsu.edu/about/

Washington State University Home HOME Intertidal Organisms EZ-ID GUIDES ... SUPPORT BEACH WATCHERS About Beach Watchers MISSION STATEMENT WSU Beach Watchers are trained volunteers dedicated to protecting and preserving the fragile environment of Puget Sound through research, education, public awareness, and example. WHAT BEACH WATCHERS DO STUDY Monitor beaches, marine estuaries and watersheds Collect shoreline and coastal data Evaluate water quality Survey shorelines to determine extent of artificial hardening (bulkheading) Develop protocols for measuring and recording scientific data about beaches Learn team-building in the Washington State University Adventure Challenge Program TEACH Develop community education programs Publicize environmental information Speak to community service groups Participate in school science days Teach sustainable land use Recruit property owners to join Shore Stewards LEAD Conduct tours of the land, forest and sea Encourage composting, water conservation, recycling and waste reduction Serve on citizen committees on the environment Promote beach etiquette to protect fragile beach plants and creatures Promote a stewardship ethic among the public Lead interpretive tours of Fort Casey State Park and Admiralty Head Lighthouse PUBLISH Publish a teacher's handbook on how to conduct successful beach field trips Maintain a newsletter and website Publish marine environmental guides and training manuals ORGANIZE Organize and sponsor Sound Waters, an annual, one-day community university on the environment

58. Premier's Office: Measuring Progress once the index has been developed, the monitoring network be expanded toinclude other estuaries in watersheds exposed to heavy resource land use. http://www.gov.pe.ca/roundtable/index.php3?number=69437&lang=E

59. Wells Reserve: Research in Gulf of Maine estuaries, coastal habitats, and adjacent coastal watersheds, of salt marsh estuaries and coastal watersheds in the Gulf of Maine. http://www.wellsreserve.org/research.htm

HOME RESEARCH EDUCATION STEWARDSHIP ... NEWS Wells NERR Research Overview The Wells NERR research department studies and monitors change in Gulf of Maine estuaries, coastal habitats, and adjacent coastal watersheds, and produces science-based information needed to protect, sustain, or restore them. In a typical year, the program directs or assists with more than 20 studies involving dozens of scientists, students, and staff from the Reserve, academic and research institutions, resource management agencies, and environmental and conservation groups. Wells NERR scientists participate in research, monitoring, planning, management, and outreach activities locally, regionally, and nationally. The program supports field research along Maine's southwest coast from the Kennebec River to the Piscataqua River, including nearshore and offshore waters of the Bigelow Bight. Within this region, effort is focused on the coastal compartments from Kittery to Cape Elizabeth, which are characterized by numerous marsh-dominated estuaries and barrier beaches. Jump to Scientific Publications Wells NERR Research Themes Estuarine Water Quality Water quality is monitored continuously at several stations with automated instruments as part of the System-wide Monitoring Program, as well as bimonthly at 15 to 20 stations through the Watershed Evaluation Team (WET) volunteer monitoring program. These data 1) have allowed us to identify several bacterial "hot spots," 2) are used to identify and open areas safe for shellfishing, and 3) have uncovered a relation between tides and low dissolved oxygen levels. Our water quality work has contributed to the designation of several "Priority Watersheds" in coastal southern Maine by the Maine Department of Environmental Protection. Our partnership with Maine Sea Grant and the University of New Hampshire has identified species-specific sources of bacterial contamination in our coastal watersheds.

60. News Release: Young Seafloor Fish Drive Wells Reserve Research information needed to sustain or restore Gulf of Maine coastal habitats andresources, especially those found in salt marsh estuaries and watersheds. http://www.wellsreserve.org/news/2002-10-29_nec.htm

HOME NEWS HOME www.wellsreserve.org/news/2002-10-29_nec.htm YOUNG SEAFLOOR FISH DRIVE WELLS RESERVE RESEARCH WELLS, MAINE - Scientists at the Wells National Estuarine Research Reserve are responding to concerns over the viability of Gulf of Maine fish stocks. They are investigating food and habitat associations of juvenile groundfish in estuarine, nearshore, and offshore areas of southern Maine. Dr. Richard MacKenzie and Dr. Michele Dionne are the principal investigators for the project, which is funded by a $262,542 grant from the Northeast Consortium Cooperative Research Program. "We are building baseline information on estuarine and coastal bottom habitats as well as the fish and invertebrates that live there," explained MacKenzie. "This data is essential for ecology-based management of wild fish populations," he added. MacKenzie and Dionne have established transects extending seaward from the Piscataqua, Webhannet, Kennebunk, and Saco rivers into the Bigelow Bight, and set up additional transects on Jeffrey's Ledge. Local commercial fishermen were recruited as project partners. MacKenzie says their knowledge and experience are vital to the project's success. Their vessels are ideal at-sea sampling platforms and the fishermen and their families get trained in sample collection and processing. Fishing industry liaison Dave Gallagher introduced MacKenzie and Dionne to the men who are now involved in field work.

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