41. FlyingFish - Eritrea, Ethiopia, War & Famine; Haile Selassie, Mengistu & IMF A history of the country's move to independence. http://www.flyingfish.org.uk/articles/eritrea/strawbs.htm

FlyingFish HOME Articles Links Contact Why Strawberries And Cream Made Me Cry, or Everything You Wanted To Know About Eritrea But Were Afraid To Ask It was a warm summer's day in 1985. I was facing the prospect of leaving home in order to continue my education at university and, like many others of my age, I was wondering what the big wide world held in store for me. But my immediate concern, reclining at the dining room table, was how full I felt after enjoying a nourishing lunch cooked by my mother. I switched on the TV, to be met, however, by a news report of starving Ethiopians, flies crawling over their eyes and into their mouths. When mother brought me a bowl of succulent strawberries topped with fresh cream, I broke down in tears. On a warm summer's day thirteen years later, a distant memory surfaced while I was reading a newspaper article about how Eritrea (now independent from Ethiopia) was trying to recover from the devastating legacy of years of war, drought and famine. Starvation, strawberries, tears and an infant state's first, uncertain steps on its own - a few pieces from a jigsaw of many thousands. I decided to try to put some of this jigsaw together, to see the wider picture of which these few pieces were a part. The picture turned out to be a case study of how millions of people suffer when trampled by the awesome human and natural forces of political and environmental disaster. Hopefully, it can also be seen as a lesson which warns us of some of the larger pitfalls of political folly and which teaches us to respect the demands of the physical environment while we make our demands upon it.

42. Eritrea - History eritrea travel guide. Find out what is worth to see in eritrea. Read eritrea travel tips. http://www.odyssei.com/travel-tips/9053.html

Select country Afghanistan Akrotiri Albania Algeria American Samoa Andorra Angola Anguilla Antarctica Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Aruba Australia Austria Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belarus Belgium Belize Benin Bermuda Bhutan Bolivia Bosnia-Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Bulgaria Burkina Faso Burma (Myanmar) Burundi Cambodia Cameroon Canada Cape Verde Cayman Islands Central African Republic Chad Chile China Christmas Island Cocos (Keeling) Islands Colombia Comoros Cook Islands Costa Rica Cote dIvoire Cozumel Croatia Cuba Cyprus Czech Republic Democratic Republic of the Congo Denmark Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic East Timor Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Estonia Ethiopia Falkland Islands Faroe Islands Fiji Finland France French Guiana French Polynesia Gabon Galapagos Islands Gambia Georgia Germany Ghana Gibraltar Greece Greenland Grenada Guadeloupe Guam Guatemala Guernsey Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras Hong Kong Hungary Iceland India Indonesia Iran Iraq Ireland Isle of Man Israel Italy Jamaica Japan Jersey Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Latvia Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Liechtenstein Lithuania Luxembourg Macau Macedonia Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Malta Marshall Islands Martinique Mauritania Mauritius Mayotte Mexico Micronesia Moldova Monaco Mongolia Montserrat Morocco Mozambique Namibia Nauru Nepal Netherlands Netherlands Antilles New Caledonia New Zealand Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Niue Norfolk Island North Korea Northern Mariana Islands Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines

43. The History Of Eritrea View information on the history of eritrea and other world countries. http://www.factrover.com/history/Eritrea_history.html

Home All Countries World Newspapers US Newspapers The History of Eritrea Below is a brief history of Eritrea. To find information other than history for Eritrea then visit the Eritrea Country Page Eritrea Government Eritrea People Eritrea Geography ... Eritrea Economy Eritrea History Eritrea officially celebrated its independence on May 24, 1993, becoming the world's newest nation. Prior to Italian colonization in 1885, what is now Eritrea had been ruled by the various local or international powers that successively dominated the Red Sea region. In 1896, the Italians used Eritrea as a springboard for their disastrous attempt to conquer Ethiopia. Eritrea was placed under British military administration after the Italian surrender in World War II. In 1952, a UN resolution federating Eritrea with Ethiopia went into effect. The resolution ignored Eritrean pleas for independence but guaranteed Eritreans some democratic rights and a measure of autonomy. Almost immediately after the federation went into effect, however, these rights began to be abridged or violated. In 1962, Emperor Haile Sellassie unilaterally dissolved the Eritrean parliament and annexed the country, sparking the Eritrean fight for independence that continued after Haile Sellassie was ousted in a coup in 1974. The new Ethiopian Government, called the Derg, was a Marxist military junta led by strongman Mengistu Haile Miriam.

44. Ethiopia History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Italian Administration in eritrea Mussolini s Invasion and the Italian Occupation No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Ethiopia history http://workmall.com/wfb2001/ethiopia/ethiopia_history_index.html

Country Ranks Introduction History Geography People Government Gov. Leaders ... [TOP] Ethiopia History Index http://workmall.com/wfb2001/ethiopia/ethiopia_history_index.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies History Introduction Historical Setting Origins and the Early Periods Early Populations and Neighboring States ... Changes in Soviet Policy and New International Horizons NOTE: The information regarding Ethiopia on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Ethiopia History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Ethiopia History should be addressed to the Library of Congress. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - Enter your e-mail address to receive e-mail when this web site is updated. Your Internet e-mail address: http://workmall.com/wfb2001/ethiopia/ethiopia_history_index.html Revised 04-Jul-02 Photius Coutsoukis

45. Eritrea - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Hyperlinked encyclopedia article covers the history, government and politics, geography, economy, demographics, language and culture of eritrea. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eritrea

Eritrea From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is about the African nation. For the Greek city, see Eretria Hagere Ertra In Detail In Detail National motto : None Official languages Tigrigna Arabic and English Capital Asmara President ... km² Negligible Population Ranked 115th 38/km² ( GDP (PPP) estimate Independence From Ethiopia May 29 May 24 Currency ... Calling Code The State of Eritrea (from the Italian form of the Greek name ΕΡΥΘΡΑΙΑ ( Erythra®a ; see also List of traditional Greek place names ), which derives from the Greek name for the Red Sea ) is a country in northeast Africa . It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The east and northeast of the country has an extensive coastline with the Red Sea . Having achieved independence on May 24 from Ethiopia , it is one of the youngest independent states. Contents History Politics Regions Geography ... edit History Main article: History of Eritrea Eritrea had been ruled by many powers before it was colonised by the Italians in . Previously, the coast was long occupied by the Ottoman Turks , who then left it to their Egyptian heirs in the mid 19th century . The interior, particularly the

46. Journal Of Third World Studies: Eritrea And Ethiopia: The Federal Experience The modern history of eritrea, by and large, draws on Trevaskis bookeritrea A Colony in For these and other misinterpretations of eritrea s history, http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3821/is_200110/ai_n9003782

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Journal of Third World Studies Fall 2001 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for Advocate, The Air Force Journal of Logistics Air Force Law Review Air Force Speeches ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Eritrea and Ethiopia: The Federal Experience Journal of Third World Studies Fall 2001 by Metaferia, Getachew Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Negash, Tekeste. Eritrea and Ethiopia: The Federal Experience. New Brunswick, NJ: Transaction Publishers, 1997. 234 pp. Present day Eritrea, which was called Bahre Negash, was part of Ethiopia until it was renamed and colonized by Italy in 1890. When Italy was defeated during WWII, Eritrea was placed under British mandate (1942-1952). In 1952, Eritrea was federated with Ethiopia; the federation was terminated in 1962 and Eritrea became a province of Ethiopia. This book discusses the conditions that prevailed in Eritrea and Ethiopia immediately before, during and after federation and union of Eritrea with Ethiopia. Continue article Advertisement Negash refutes the Travaskites interpretation and says that there existed a strong pro-Ethiopian sentiment in highland Eritrea and that "the Eritrean government on its own initiative dismantled the federation" [p. 33]. A strong pro Italian movement existed in Eritrea, spearheaded by the Italian community and the half-casts in Eritrea. There was a strong Moslem and pro-Arab movement in Eritrea that tried to link it up with the Moslem world. There was also a strong pro-Ethiopian and Christian movement that reacted to both the pro-Italian and pro-Arab movements. This was the undeniable reality that existed in Eritrea.

47. New African: Eritrea Ruins Of History. (Feature). Access the article, eritrea ruins of history. (Feature). from New African, a publication in the field of News Society, through LookSmart s FindArticles http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_go1654/is_200211/ai_n7244068

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles New African November 2002 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for Advocate, The Air Force Journal of Logistics Air Force Law Review Air Force Speeches ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Save a personal copy of any page on the Web and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free. Get started now. Eritrea ruins of history. (Feature). New African November, 2002 by Richard Greenfield Dahlak Kebr, one of the 200 islands of Eritrea's Dahlak Archipelago in the Red Sea, has some famous ruins dating back to the 2nd century. But only a few local fishermen and historians have been there. Our correspondent, Richard Greenfield, was there recently and brings us this report. Nearly 2,000 years ago, a unique and valuable navigation manual was published. Known as the Periplus, it described the coasts of northeastern Africa as the Erythraean [or Red] Sea and the earliest trade routes to India. Although the author wrote in Greek, he was in all probability an Egyptian sea captain. ...

48. Eritrea - Facts About Eritrea Including Map And Flag Images eritrea history,Geography and Economic information eritrea was awarded to Ethiopia in 1952 as part of a federation. Ethiopia s annexation of eritrea http://www.world-atlas.net/Eritrea

Maps,Flags,History,Geography,Economics World-Atlas [http://www.world-atlas.net] Country List: A B C D ... Eritrea Eritrea - History,Geography and Economic information Eritrea Introduction Eritrea Background: Eritrea was awarded to Ethiopia in 1952 as part of a federation. Ethiopia's annexation of Eritrea as a province 10 years later sparked a 30-year struggle for independence that ended in 1991 with Eritrean rebels defeating governmental forces; independence was overwhelmingly approved in a 1993 referendum. A two and a half year border war with Ethiopia that erupted in 1998 ended under UN auspices on 12 December 2000. Eritrea currently hosts a UN peacekeeping operation that will monitor the border region until an international commission determines and demarcates the boundary between the two countries. Geography Eritrea Location: Eastern Africa, bordering the Red Sea, between Djibouti and Sudan Geographic coordinates: 15 00 N, 39 00 E Map references: Africa Area: total: 121,320 sq km

49. A Short History Of Eritrea and is now in the process of drafting a new constitution and setting up a permanent government. Search Google for another short history of eritrea http://www.abacci.com/atlas/history.asp?countryID=190

50. Asmara - History Of Asmara Asmara was made the capital city of eritrea in preference to Massawa by Governor history of Asmara. Although it would be easy to think of Asmara, http://www.asmera.nl/asmara.htm

Asmera . nl Introduction Churches and mosques Public Buildings Monuments and art ... May 24th 2000 History of Asmara Asmara was made the capital city in preference to Massawa by Governor Martini in 1897. It is by far the largest city in Eritrea, with a population of some 400,000. Asmara sits atop (2,350m) the Eritrean highlands on the eastern edge of the escarpment. Unlike many of the other towns in Eritrea it is relatively undamaged, the Ethiopian forces having fled the city without fighting a full-scale battle at the end of the war. Under thirty years of Ethiopian occupation, the city was allowed to deteriorate, but it still retains its essential beauty and since coming under Eritrean control in 1991 it has been undergoing a rapid improvement in infrastructure, building repairs and repainting. Asmara is possibly the safest African capital for travelers. It is one of the cleanest cities in Africa. The streets are elegantly lined with palms and a string of boutiques, coffee-shops and restaurants reminiscent of southern Italy. In 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 and 2003 I visited Asmara and I walked through the city almost every day. I experienced its beauty, both its tranquility and its activity, its hospitality and its friendliness. I have tried to catch the images of these walking tours in a set of 200 pictures and a brief description.

51. Asmara And Eritrea Asmara and eritrea tourist information. A virtual trip for those who were born in eritrea and now live in the history of eritrea history of eritrea http://www.asmera.nl/

Asmera . nl Asmara and Eritrea A virtual trip to Asmara and Eritrea for those who were born in Eritrea and now live in the Diaspora, for the visitors of Eritrea, for those who stay behind, and those who are just interested. To prove that a LogicaCMG accountant can do more than just play with figures and get drunk in the Baja Beach Club, and there is more in life than dollars, euros and GB pounds. We wish you a nice trip, and maybe once we will meet on Harnet Avenue Asmara. Photobook 'the people of Eritrea' - Anne Alders Asmara Asmara (Asmera) , Eritrea's capital is situated on the eastern edge of Eritrea's highland plateau. Asmara enjoys a great climate, clean and picturesque streets, attractive palm trees, and a reputation as one of the safest, calm and alluring capital cities in Africa. The name is derived from Arbaete Asmara which literally means, in the Tigrinya language, "the four (villages) are united". Massawa The main port serving Eritrea, Massawa (Massaua) became an urban center in ancient times. It is the largest natural deep water port on the Red Sea. Massawa is divided into three parts: Batse, Tualud, and the mainland. The island Batse comprises the ancient historical center with interesting houses, hotels, squares and religious buildings. and is a marvelous place to wander about. Nacfa Nacfa (Nakfa) the major town in the Sahel region of Eritrea, holds a special significance for the Eritrean people, being the home of the EPLF during their struggle for independence from Ethiopia. It is therefore the heart of collective Eritrean self-determination. The Eritrean currency, Nakfa, is named after this town.

52. Eritrea: Ethiopia At War With Itself War with eritrea and the Question of Civil War in Ethiopia. Why should Ethiopia be excluded from those universal laws of history? http://sellassie.ourfamily.com/politics/eritrea.html

Front Page http://sellassie.ourfamily.com Bookmark it! Sellassie Forum Interview with Eritrean President , April 2000 It doesn't look as if the internal conflicts in Ethiopia will have any resolution tomorrow or even in near future. The country entered the era, known in the past as the Era of Princes. Decentralization under different names will continue. The Eritrean Issue is the most obvious example in this process. Africa has to go through a long period of ecomonic development before its people will have people capable of leadership. Right now the people are too poor to think beyond their immidiate needs. Of course, the power in such a situation belongs to those to propogate the ethnic, not mutual causes and this is the basis for further disintegration. Notes Sellassie Cyber Museum Ring Previous Join Next ... Old HS WWW Haile Sellassie Family Web H.I.M. Web-Biography from Sellassie WWW pages HISTORY History pages from Sellassie Family Web FAMILY Origins, Members, Generations, Tree, photos Ethiop Village Books, Music, Art, Gifts References Sellassie WWW sites DIRECTORIES: Listing from all Sellassie sites Eritrea Letters to EthioForum From my email post on EthioForum on Feb. 14, 1999:

53. Travel In Asmara - Eritrea - Africa - History - WorldTravelGate.net®- WorldTravelGate.net®Information about Asmara,eritrea,Africa,history,Gallery,Photos,Restaurants,Hotels,Car Rental,Rentals,Campings,Travel Agencies.! http://www.africatravelling.net/eritrea/asmara/asmara_history.htm

Asmara - History Between 1000 and 400 BC, a semitic group of people known as the Sabeans crossed the Red Sea into the region known as present Eritrea, and intermingled with the Hamitic inhabitants who had migrated from the northern Sudan. The region was then controlled by various foreign invaders such as the Axumite kingdom, the Funji Sultans of Sudan, the Egyptians, the Portugese and the Turks. Each of these foreign occupiers had a distinct impact on the development of present day Eritrea as a nation and in the formation of an Eritrean identity. The former Italian colony of Eritrea was merged into Ethiopia in a federal arrangement brokered by the UN in 1952 and incorporated fully into Ethiopia ten years later. An Eritrean Liberation Front emerged in exile in 1958 and later evolved into the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF). The EPLF led the fight against the communist government of Haile Mengistu Mariam which took control of Ethiopia from the Emperor Haile Selassi in 1974. After a decade of changing fortunes for both the Government and the EPLF, the guerrillas finally expelled government forces from Eritrea in early 1991. The Tigrayan People's Liberation Front, which led the final assault which overthrew the Mengistu regime in 1991, was armed and trained by the EPLF, although relations between the two have not always been good. In 1992 the EPLF-controlled Provisional Government of Eritrea announced a referendum over the future status of the area. With 99.8% support registered in favour of independence at a UN-supervised referendum in April 1993, the EPLF made arrangements to move to full nationhood, which was declared the following month.

54. Travel In Keren - Eritrea - Africa - History - WorldTravelGate.net®- WorldTravelGate.net®Information about Keren,eritrea,Africa,history,Gallery,Photos,Restaurants,Hotels,Car Rental,Rentals,Campings,Travel Agencies.! http://www.africatravelling.net/eritrea/keren/keren_history.htm

Keren - History D uring the 1960's, the Eritrean Liberation Front (ELF) led the Eritrean independence struggle. In 1970, members of the group had a falling out, and a group broke away from the ELF and formed the Eritrean People's Liberation Front (EPLF). By the late 1970's, the EPLF had become the dominant armed Eritrean faction fighting against the Ethiopian government, and Isaias Afwerki had emerged as its leader. Much of the materiel used to combat Ethiopia was captured from the Ethiopian army. By 1977, the EPLF was poised to drive the Ethiopians out of Eritrea. That same year, however, a massive airlift of Soviet arms to Ethiopia enabled the Ethiopian army to regain the initiative and force the EPLF to retreat to the bush. Between 1978 and 1986, the Derg launched eight major offensives against the independence movement. All failed. In 1988, the EPLF captured Afabet, headquarters of the Ethiopian army in northeastern Eritrea, prompting the Ethiopian Army to withdraw from its garrisons in Eritrea's western lowlands. EPLF fighters then moved into position around Keren, Eritrea's second largest city. click to go back

55. Eritrea: Map, History And Much More From Answers.com (Click to enlarge) eritrea (Mapping Specialists, Ltd.) Er·i·tre·a ( er itre ? ) A country of northeast Africa bordering on the Red Sea. http://www.answers.com/topic/eritrea

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Government ... More... On this page: Dictionary Encyclopedia Map Local Time Geography Stats WordNet Wikipedia Translations Best of Web Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Eritrea Dictionary (Click to enlarge) Eritrea (Mapping Specialists, Ltd.) Er·i·tre·a ĕr ĭ-trē A country of northeast Africa bordering on the Red Sea. Once part of the Ethiopian kingdom of Aksum, it became an Italian colony in 1890 and was named after the Roman term for the Red Sea, Mare erythraeum. Captured by the British during World War II, Eritrea later became a federated part (1952) and then a province (1962) of Ethiopia, from which it gained its independence in 1993. Asmara is the capital and largest city. Population: 4,440,000 . Er i·tre an Encyclopedia Eritrea ĕrĭtrē ) , officially State of Eritrea, republic (1995 est. pop. 3,579,000), c.48,000 sq mi (124,320 sq km), NE Africa. It is bordered on the northeast by the Red Sea, on the southeast by Djibouti, on the south by Ethiopia, and on the northwest by Sudan. Eritrea also includes the many islands of the Dahlak Archipelago , which is located in the Red Sea.

56. H-Net Review: Vladimir Shubin The modern history of eritrea is fascinating in its complexity. It included Italian colonisation, British occupation, federation with Ethiopia, http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.cgi?path=106041068671318

57. Africa Book Centre Ltd History Online CatalogueBROWSE BY COUNTRY AND REGIONeritreahistory recent history of eritrea as contested territory among western nations _ Italy, Britain, http://www.africabookcentre.com/acatalog/History_Eritrea.html

Quick search Online Catalogue BROWSE BY COUNTRY AND REGION Eritrea History 1995 Paperback 2003 Paperback 2005 Paperback Online Catalogue BROWSE BY COUNTRY AND REGION Eritrea History

58. Nazret.com :: Ethiopian History Important Dates in Modern Ethiopian history December 2, 1950 by vote of 4610 in UN eritrea was federated with Ethiopia. Union to be achieved September http://nazret.com/history/

Nazret.com Ethiopian News Portal Click here to Convert your phone number to the new format Home News Directory ... About Us His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie Speech His Imperial Majesty Haile Selassie on Time magazine Nov 3, 1930 H.I.M. Haile Selassie speech in Geneva, Switzerland, June 30, 1936 "The Lutheran Hour" interview with H.I.M. Haile Selassie, Christmas 1968 H.I.M. Haile Selassie speech in Buckingham Palace 1954 H.I.M. Haile Selassie's speech League of Nations June 30, 1936 ... 1955 Ethiopian Constituion Important Dates in Modern Ethiopian History October 2, 1935 Mussolini of Facist Italy declared war on Ethiopia October 3, 1935 Italy crossed Mereb river and attacked Ethiopia October 11, 1935 Leage of Nations Assembly met and voted 50 to 4 to condemn Italy. (Austria, Hungary, Italy and Albania opposed) May 2, 1936 Haile Selassie went into exile May 5, 1936 Marshal Badoglio entered Addis Ababa 1757 Italians and 1593 Eritreasn were killed, more than 275,000 Ethiopians were killed. February 1937 More than 30,000 peaceful Ethiopians were massacred in Addis Ababa

59. Eritrea - Hagere Ertra Very brief article on eritrea s history. history of eritrea Political system, economy, culture and society in eritrea and Tigray in the Axumite period. http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/eritrea.htm

Advertise here One World - Nations Online the countries of the world Home Continents Africa Eritrea A virtual destination guide to Eritrea, this page is about many aspects of Eritrea. Search and locate official web sites from the country, and find comprehensive information on the nation in its diversity: The Eritrean culture, history and geography. Get key information on Eritrea's economy, education, science, environment, population, and government. You will have access to news from Eritrea and you may visit Eritrean cities. Find maps and other information for adventure travel and tourism in Eritrea. Note: External links will open in a new browser window. Asmara City Scene Official Sites Maps News Culture ... Additional Links Eritrea Country Profile Flag of Eritrea Background: Eritrea is located in Eastern Africa in the Horn of Africa, to the North of Ethiopia and bordering the Red Sea in Northeast. It has a mixed Afro-Asiatic population that is divided by religion and language. Eritrea is one of Africa's newest independent nations. The former Italian and British colony gained formal independence from Ethiopia, its last colonizer, in 1993. But independence did not end the wars in Eritrea. Conflicts with Yemen and Ethiopia followed. Latest UN reports (2005) warned that the humanitarian situation in Eritrea was deteriorating, mainly due to recurrent drought and the protracted stalemate in the peace process with Ethiopia.

60. Brief Geo-political History Of Eritrea Brief geopolitical history of eritrea. eritrea is one of the newest and most promising nations in Africa. eritrea recently fought and won one of the http://www.eritreadaily.net/Menu/History.htm

History Brief geo-political history of Eritrea Eritrea is one of the newest and most promising nations in Africa. Eritrea recently fought and won one of the longest wars in the world. Following thirty years of bitter armed struggle, Eritrea gained total national independence and became self-governing in 1991 in a stunning defeat of the occupying Ethiopian forces which also helped liberate Ethiopia from the Soviet-backed Ethiopian Regime, Mengistu’s Derg, the last in a series of forceful hindrances (10-years of British occupation, coerced federation with Ethiopia, and the subsequent 30-years of forceful annexation by Ethiopia) to its legitimate quest for de-colonization. Like all African countries as we know them today, Eritrea was established definitively as a separate Nation State as a result of Colonialism: End of Feudalism and ethnic territorialization, and the emergence of Nation States and National identity. There existed no Nation States or countries in Africa prior to the advent of Colonialism (The Scramble for Africa). th province, similar to the way Iraq attempted to annex Kuwait and declare it to its province in 1991.

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