1. English Civil War - Oliver Cromwell english civil war oliver cromwell Oliver Cromwell was born on April 25th 1599. His family had become wealthy following the dissolution of the http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

2. Oliver Cromwell Lord Protector Of England (1599-1658) Oliver Cromwell Lord Protector of England Bunyan, author of Pilgrim's Progress served under his command in the English Civil War, and John http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. The Oliver Cromwell Website Welcome to the Oliver Cromwell Website Cromwell timeline Cromwell - a brief biography Cromwell FAQ's The English Civil Wars Cromwell Quotes http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

4. English Civil War - Table Of Contents English Civil War The Adventures of Charles I. Execution of the King. Oliver Cromwell. Rumblings. Foreign Affairs. Parliament and Cromwell http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. History Of The Monarchy The Stuarts Charles I The Civil War, what Sir William Waller (a Parliamentary general and Thomas Fairfax and Oliver Cromwell handed him to the English http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

6. Civil War - Home The English Civil War was a truly profound political event in seventeenth century Europe. This website offers detailed analysis of the personalities http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. The Pamphleteers Protestant Champion As a Civil War hero, conqueror of the Irish and Scots, and later as Lord How and why Oliver Cromwell was cast in the role of English savior is http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Modern History Sourcebook Commonwealth Instrument Of Government council, have the power of war and 2000 marks of lawful English money; That Oliver Cromwell, Captain abuse not this liberty to http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. Internet Modern History Sourcebook Constitutional States Civil War and Revolution. Oliver Cromwell Turned Upside Down An early antiwar tract, written during the second round of the English Civil http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. The Causes Of The English Civil War The Causes of the English Civil War Charles I Oliver Cromwell. The English Civil War has many causes but the personality of Charles I must http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. BBC - History - The English Civil War Home page for civil war section of BBCi History. oliver cromwell by JohnMorrill. Effective but ruthlessly singleminded, is it surprising that cromwell http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/englishcivilwar/index.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index WEDNESDAY 21st September 2005 Text only BBC Homepage History Homepage Topics Ancient Norman Conquest English Civil War World War One ... Other Conflicts Resources Interactive Content Reading Room Timelines Historic Figures ... History for Kids Practical History Archaeology Family History History Trails Community Messageboard Newsletter About This Site About the BBC ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! Choosing Sides by Mark Stoyle What divided 'dissolute' Royalists from 'inelegant' Roundheads in the English Civil War? Find out how friends became foes, and what happened as the conflict raged. Which side would you have chosen? Get talking in the Message Board Personalities Oliver Cromwell by John Morrill Effective but ruthlessly single-minded, is it surprising that Cromwell remains one of the country's most controversial historic figures? The Personality and Political Style of Charles I by Richard Cust Find out how the pious self- belief and strong-willed leadership of Charles I were the very qualities that contributed to his downfall. The Execution of Charles I by Ann Hughes How could a nation execute its king? Uncover the background to an extraordinary chapter in British history.

12. BBC - History - The Civil War In The West wars and Conflict The english civil war Articles. Choosing Sides in theenglish civil war oliver cromwell The Execution of Charles I http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/englishcivilwar/west_01.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index WEDNESDAY 21st September 2005 Text only BBC Homepage History Homepage Topics Ancient Norman Conquest English Civil War World War One ... Other Conflicts Resources Interactive Content Reading Room Timelines Historic Figures ... History for Kids Practical History Archaeology Family History History Trails Community Messageboard Newsletter About This Site About the BBC ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! The Civil War in the West By Dr John Wroughton The west of England was a hotbed of action during the Civil War. Dr John Wroughton examines why Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire were so fiercely contested by both royalists and parliamentarians. Page 1 of 6 1. Caught in the conflict 2. Divisions 3. Balance of power 4. Increased pressure ... Print entire article Caught in the conflict '...no more than 20-25% of the adult males in the country actually fought...' The counties of Gloucestershire, Somerset and Wiltshire were of prime importance during the Civil War for the supply of food, uniforms and munitions. The area also controlled vital routes by road and river and the three lucrative ports of Bristol, Minehead and Gloucester. It is hardly surprising, therefore, that the western counties were fiercely contested and constantly alive with the movement of troops. It should be remembered, however, that the war was not a total war in the modern sense, involving the whole population, but rather a war between two competing armies which manoeuvred around the country fighting occasional battles, frequent skirmishes and numerous sieges. Indeed, it is estimated that no more than 20-25% of the adult males in the country actually fought at some time in the war.

13. The Causes Of The English Civil War Charles I oliver cromwell. The english civil war has many causes but the personalityof Charles I must be counted as one of the major reasons. http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/english_civil-war.htm

The Causes of the English Civil War Charles I Oliver Cromwell The English Civil War has many causes but the personality of Charles I must be counted as one of the major reasons. Few people could have predicted that the civil war , that started in 1642, would have ended with the public execution of Charles. His most famous opponent in this war was Oliver Cromwell - one of the men who signed the death warrant of Charles. No king had ever been executed in England and the execution of Charles was not greeted with joy. How did the English Civil War break out? As with many wars, there are long and short term causes. Long term causes The status of the monarchy had started to decline under the reign of James I . He was known as the "wisest fool in Christendom". James was a firm believer in the "divine right of kings". This was a belief that God had made someone a king and as God could not be wrong, neither could anyone appointed by him to rule a nation. James expected Parliament to do as he wanted; he did not expect it to argue with any of his decisions. However, Parliament had one major advantage over James - they had money and he was continually short of it. Parliament and James clashed over

14. The English Civil War The english civil war 1642 to 1649 oliver cromwell was appointed the leaderof Parliament’s cavalry. Parliament made an alliance with the Scots which http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/civil_war_england.htm

The English Civil War 1642 to 1649 The king, Charles , raised his standard at Nottingham in what is accepted by historians as a sign by the king that he intended to fight Parliament for power in England. His support came from the nobility, large landowners, the church and from people in the north and west of England. In October, a battle was fought at Edgehill but neither side won it and from a military point of view it was an indecisive battle. Oliver Cromwell was appointed the leader of Parliament’s cavalry. Parliament made an alliance with the Scots which threatened Charles from the north. Both sides won minor battles but none of them were decisive. The king’s Royalist army was heavily defeated by Parliament at Marston Moor in Yorkshire. Charles lost control of the north of England. The New Model Army was formed by Parliament. This exceptionally well trained force inflicted a severe defeat on the army of Charles at Naseby. The king lost his guns and ammunition at the end of this battle. Charles surrendered to the Scots in the hope that Parliament would fall out on what to do after Naseby. There was conflict in Parliament on how the church in England should be run.

15. Oliver Cromwell - English Civil Wars - Year 8 - SchoolHistory.co.uk Flashpaper resource on this site - to what extent was oliver cromwell a hero or of his life with information about the civil war and his Protectorship. http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/cromwell.html

Home Year 8 Cromwell Oliver Cromwell document.write(day + " " + todaysdate + " " + month + " " + year); You are 1 of 65 current users Online lesson [This site] Online lesson where pupils examine sources about Oliver Cromwell and enter their own interpretations. Local Heroes Still fully in development, this is part of a broadband project with student and expert presentations, accompanied by information, dynamic maps and interactive games. Oliver Cromwell - Hero or Villain? Flash-paper resource on this site - to what extent was Oliver Cromwell a hero or a villain? An overview with images and information to help students decide. Can be used online or printed off. Overview Excellent overview of Oliver Cromwell from Britannia.com - provides a detailed summary of his life with information about the Civil War and his Protectorship. The Cromwell Association Home page of the Cromwell Association - offering Oliver Cromwell's internet portal. A comprehensive Cromwell site with information on all aspects of his life. Information from the Victorian web Good summary of Oliver Cromwell's life, but too difficult for direct pupil use - only for the more able.

16. English Civil Wars - Year 8 - SchoolHistory.co.uk The english civil wars, Brief summary from the larger cromwell site. oliver cromwell Hoop Shoot Historical Duckshoot Early civil war http://www.schoolhistory.co.uk/year8links/civil.html

Home Year 8 English Civil Wars English Civil Wars 1642-51 document.write(day + " " + todaysdate + " " + month + " " + year); You are 1 of 66 current users War Part of the channel 4 site covering the recent history series, this section concentrates on the Civil War. Excellent and accessible information, together with a timeline, provides a splendid overview (although the timeline can be difficult to stop!). English Civil War From the BBC History site, a very detailed and excellent summary and information about the English Civil War. More coming soon with the new Civil War programs. The Sealed Knot A civil war re-enactment society whose pages include a very useful summary and history of the English Civil Wars. This information will provide a sound introduction to the period. The English Civil Wars A site that provides an excellent introduction. Some very detailed information at times but clear navigation and good explanation make this site extremely beneficial.

17. English Civil War - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia The term english civil war (or wars) refers to the series of armed Among themembers elected was oliver cromwell. The new Parliament drew up the http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/English_Civil_War

English Civil War From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. The term English Civil War (or Wars ) refers to the series of armed conflicts and political machinations which took place between Parliamentarians and Royalists from until . The first ) and the second civil wars pitted the supporters of King Charles I against the supporters of the Long Parliament , while the third ) was between supporters of Charles II and supporters of the Rump Parliament . The third war ended with the Parliamentary victory at the Battle of Worcester on September 3 Contents Introduction Background The King's aspirations Parliament in the English constitutional framework ... edit Introduction The wars inextricably mingled with and formed part of a linked series of conflicts and civil wars between and in the kingdoms of England Scotland and Ireland , which at that time shared a monarch but formed distinct countries with otherwise separate political structures. Those recent historians who aim to have a unified overview (rather than treating parts of the other conflicts as background to the English Civil War ) sometimes call these linked conflicts the Wars of the Three Kingdoms . Some have also described them as the " British Civil Wars ", but this terminology can mislead: the three kingdoms did not become a single political entity until the

18. Oliver Cromwell - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Unfinished portrait miniature of oliver cromwell by Samuel Cooper, 1657. At the outset of the english civil war, cromwell began his military career by http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oliver_Cromwell

Oliver Cromwell From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Unfinished portrait miniature of Oliver Cromwell by Samuel Cooper Oliver Cromwell April 25 September 3 ) was an English military leader and politician. After leading the overthrow of the British monarchy , he ruled England Scotland , and Ireland as Lord Protector from December 16 until his death, which is believed to have been due either to malaria or poisoning. He was born in Huntingdon . He matriculated at Sidney Sussex College, Cambridge which was then a recently-founded college with a strong puritan ethos. However he left without taking a degree, probably on the death of his father. At the outset of the English Civil War , Cromwell began his military career by raising a cavalry troop, known as the Ironsides Cavalry , which became the basis of his New Model Army . Cromwell's leadership in the Battle of Marston Moor (in ) brought him to great prominence. As a leader of the Parliamentarian cause, and commander of the New Model Army , (informally known as the Roundheads ), he defeated King Charles I , thus bringing to an end the monarchy 's claims to absolute power.

19. Lecture 7: The English Civil War The english civil war was as much the response to the effects of the Biography of oliver cromwell, with links The inspiring force of the New Model Army http://www.historyguide.org/earlymod/lecture7c.html

Lecture 7: The English Civil War What an inequitable thing it is for one man to have thousands, and another want bread, and that the pleasure of God is, that all men should have enough, and not that one man should abound in this worlds good, spending it upon his lusts, and another man of far better deserts, not be worth two pence, and that it is no such difficulty as men make it to be, to alter the course of the world in this thing, and that a few diligent and valiant spirits may turn the world upside down, if they observe their seasons, and shall with life and courage ingage accordingly. - attributed to William Walwyn The English Civil War was as much the response to the effects of the Reformation as it was a response to the needs of the rising middle classes, the landed gentry. The war itself involved the king, Parliament, the aristocracy, the middle classes, the commoners, and the army. The War tested the prerogative of the king and challenged the theory of divine right. War raged between Parliamentarians, Royalists, Cavaliers and Roundheads and every religious sect in England. The years before 1640 in England were years of national disillusionment. The gap between the court and Protestant elements widened, the golden age of drama and literature was over, the religion of the court and at Oxford and Cambridge seemed diffused, and scientific ideas, though popular in London and at Oxford and Cambridge, as yet had received no official recognition. In the meantime, censorship grew more severe, and lawyers became the patrons and consumers of art. For the most part, energies which had been devoted to literature in the mid-to-late 16th century were now channeled into political and theological concerns. The Civil War was both religious and political, as well as social and economic. But it was also a legal battle between the king and his subjects.

20. English Civil War - Oliver Cromwell english civil war. oliver cromwell When the civil war began in 1642, cromwellwas sent to organise the defence of Norfolk. http://historyonthenet.com/Civil_War/oliver_cromwell.htm

//Dynamic-FX slide in menu v6.5 (By maXimus, maximus@nsimail.com) //Site: http://maximus.ravecore.com/ //For full source, and 100's more DHTML scripts, visit http://www.dynamicdrive.com History Products from Amazon English Civil War Oliver Cromwell Oliver Cromwell was born on April 25th 1599. His family had become wealthy following the dissolution of the monasteries by Thomas Cromwell and had changed their name from Williams to Cromwell in recognition of the man that had made their fortune. He attended Cambridge University where he gained a reputation for his committment to Puritanism. In 1620 he married Elizabeth Bourchier and the couple had two sons. In 1628 he became Member of Parliament for Huntingdon. In 1640 he was elected to the Long Parliament as Member for Cambridge, although he played no prominent part in the government. When the Civil war began in 1642, Cromwell was sent to organise the defence of Norfolk. He was noted for his organisational skills and bravery and when the East Anglian counties formed the Eastern Association, Cromwell was put in charge of the cavalry. His reputation was further enhanced when his cavalry made a notable contribution to the Battle of Marston Moor. When the New Model Army was formed, Cromwell was made General of the Horse and he played an important part in the defeat of the King in the Battle of Naseby.

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