81. World History Archives: History Of Ecuador World history Archives history of ecuador. history of ecuador. Hartford Web Publishing (Haines Brown) is not the author of the documents in World http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/42a/index-a.html

History of Ecuador Hartford Web Publishing (Haines Brown) is not the author of the documents in World History Archives and does not presume to validate their accuracy or authenticity. History of South America Economy and environment Urgent Action: Maxus to resign deal threatening Huaorani (Ecuador) From a report written by Accion Ecologica y Amazonas. 27 September, 1996. Aim is to discourage the Ecuadorian government from renewing its contract with the US Maxus oil company because of its devastation of the environment and harm to the indigenous Huarorani. More than Meets the Media Eyes By Michael Pearlman, NY Transfer News Collective, 18 February, 1997. Re general strike of 5 February in response to government measures, including neoliberalism. Communities occupy Bishimetals mining installations - demand an end to mining project By Ivonne Ramos, Presidenta, Accion Ecologica. 16 May, 1997. Accusation the mining failed to consult with local communities on environmental impact as required by law. Also background into by South and Meso American Indian Rights Center (SAIIC). Society Documents for Native Americans of Ecuador Politics Ecuadorean strike enters second day, protest to continue

82. Inti Travel And Tours - Galapagos, Amazon, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Antar history and photography tours to Galapagos, ecuador and Peru. Highlights excursions to the Andes and Amazon regions. http://www.discovergalapagos.com/intitravel/

Antarctic Expeditions Amazon Rainforest Adventures Galapagos Ecuador ... Peru and Bolivia Family Travel Guides Log Photo Journal All of our tours depart on a weekly basis throughout the year With over 25 years of experience in South America, we are proud to present a combination of pleasurable, interesting and exciting trips that will introduce you to the diversity of landscape, wildlife and people that make the Galapagos Islands and the South American countries of Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia and Brazil such wonderful places to visit. All of our trips are guided by licensed tourist guides who are intimately familiar with (and sensitive to) the nature, culture and people of the places we visit. Our passengers are transported by cars, vans or buses depending on the size of the group. We will always take the time we need for you to enjoy the scenery, people and food along the way. We are able to operate most of our trips on a per request basis for as few as two people (one for Galapagos). We do our best to accommodate all language requests. If you are interested in a custom designed tour, trip or adventure for you or your group, please use the Reservation Form to contact us for more information.

83. The History Guy: Ecuador-Peru Border War Of 1941 A brief description of the war between ecuador and Peru in 1941. Designed as a resource for students, researchers and history buffs. http://www.historyguy.com/Ecuador-Peru_War_of_1941.html

Flag of Ecuador The History Guy Ecuador-Peru Border War Flag of Peru Home Military History Historical Personalities Email ... Site Map Web www.historyguy.com Ecuador and Peru share a long border made up largely of jungle and high mountains. As is the case with many such borders around the world, disputes arise and conflict breaks out. In this century, these Latin American neighbors have fought three times, (1941, 1981 and 1995), over the area known as the Cordillera del Condor region. After much bloodshed and, since 1995, much negotiating, these Andean nations are set to sign a peace accord on October 26, 1998. Research and material for this page supplied by Joe Halcli. Page Menu Click on the menu bar below to navigate this page. Name of Conflict Belligerents Conflict Dates Conflict Type ... Click to search for books on This War or any topic of your choice. Links on Conflict NAME OF CONFLICT: Ecuador-Peru Border War BELLIGERENTS: Ecuador vs.

84. Ecuador Country Information And Maps, Mr Roses Flower Company Learn more about ecuador s history. http//www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/ historyof-ecuador. Learn more about ecuador s Politics http://www.mr-roses.com/ecuador.html

:: Location Climate People Economy Photos National Anthem "Salve, Oh Patria" The author of the lyrics, Juan Leon Mera, later served as president of the Ecuadoran Senate. The song was composed by Antonio Neumane. The anthem was officially adopted in 1886 Hear Music Spanish lyrics CHORUS: Salve, Oh Patria, mil veces! Ya tu pecho, tu pecho, rebosa Gozo y paz ya tu pecho rebosa; Y tu frente, tu frente radiosa Y tu frente, tu frente radiosa Los primeros los hijos del suelo Que soberbio, el Pichincha decora Y vertieron su sangre por ti. Y esa sangre fue germen fecundo a millares surgir, a millares surgir. Geography of Ecuador Ecuador is located on the northwest coast of South America. It is bound by Colombia to the north, Peru to the east and south as well as the Pacific Ocean to the west. The country can be divided into four topographical regions. 1- The coastal plain or Costa which descends from the Andes Mountains with rolling hills in the north, to a broad lowland basin that reaches the Pacific Ocean. The coastal plain is also a rich agricultural belt.

85. History Of Ecuador Provides a history of ecuador from the 15th Century to the present time. http://www.historyofnations.net/southamerica/ecuador.html

History of Ecuador Site Links Home Search this Site History Posters Africa ... Privacy Policy Advanced indigenous cultures flourished in Ecuador long before the area was conquered by the Inca empire in the 15th century. In 1534, the Spanish arrived and defeated the Inca armies, and Spanish colonists became the new elite. The indigenous population was decimated by disease in the first decades of Spanish rulea time when the natives also were forced into the "encomienda" labor system for Spanish landlords. In 1563, Quito became the seat of a royal "audiencia" (administrative district) of Spain. After independence forces defeated the royalist army in 1822, Ecuador joined Simon Bolivar's Republic of Gran Colombia, only to become a separate republic in 1830. The 19th century was marked by instability, with a rapid succession of rulers. The conservative Gabriel Garcia Moreno unified the country in the 1860s with the support of the Catholic Church. In the late 1800s, world demand for cocoa tied the economy to commodity exports and led to migrations from the highlands to the agricultural frontier on the coast. A coastal-based liberal revolution in 1895 under Eloy Alfaro reduced the power of the clergy and opened the way for capitalist development. The end of the cocoa boom produced renewed political instability and a military coup in 1925. The 1930s and 1940s were marked by populist politicians such as five-time president Jose Velasco Ibarra. In January 1942, Ecuador signed the Rio Protocol to end a brief war with Peru the year before. Ecuador agreed to a border that conceded to Peru much territory Ecuador previously had claimed in the Amazon. After World War II, a recovery in the market for agricultural commodities and the growth of the banana industry helped restore prosperity and political peace. From 1948-60, three presidentsbeginning with Galo Plazawere freely elected and completed their terms.

86. Country: Ecuador | EThemes | EMINTS Learn about ecuador and its geography, history, people, government, and more. Read about the Amazon rainforest and the Andes Mountains. http://www.emints.org/ethemes/resources/S00001248.shtml

About eMINTS Communities Equipment eThemes ... eThemes Country: Ecuador Contact eThemes@emints.org if you have questions or comments about this resource. Printer-friendly version Please preview all links before sharing in class with students. Title: Country: Ecuador Description: Learn about Ecuador and its geography, history, people, government, and more. Read about the Amazon rainforest and the Andes Mountains. Also learn about the famous Galapagos Islands. Includes maps and many photographs. There are links to eThemes Resources on South America, ancient civilizations, rainforests, and the Galapagos Island sea turtles. Grade Level: Resource Links: World Factbook: Ecuador This site has a map of Ecuador plus information about the country's geography, people, government, economy, and more. Flag of Ecaudor: Yahooligan's Reference Here is a picture of Ecuador's flag. Click on "Ecuador" to find out about the country's government, economy, and more. Click on "map" to see a map of Ecuador. Ecuador: An Introduction Learn about Ecuador's history and culture by using the link at left. This site has information about popular tourist attractions in Ecuador.

87. Ecuador: Map, History And Much More From Answers.com (Click to enlarge) ecuador (Mapping Specialists, Ltd.) Ec·ua·dor ( ek w?dôr ) A country of northwest South America on the Pacific Ocean. http://www.answers.com/topic/ecuador

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Government ... More... On this page: Dictionary Encyclopedia Map Local Time Geography Dialing Code Currency Stats WordNet Wikipedia Translations Best of Web Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Ecuador Dictionary (Click to enlarge) Ecuador (Mapping Specialists, Ltd.) Ec·ua·dor ĕk wə-d´r A country of northwest South America on the Pacific Ocean. Once part of the Incan Empire, it was conquered by the Spanish in 1534 and later became subject to Peru and New Granada. The area achieved independence from Spain in 1822 but formed a part of Greater Colombia until 1830, when it became a separate country. Quito is the capital and Guayaquil the largest city. Population: 13,200,000 . Ec ua·dor i·an Encyclopedia Ecuador ĕk wəd´r ) [Span.,=equator], officially Republic of Ecuador, republic (1995 est. pop. 10,891,000), 109,483 sq mi (283,561 sq km), W South America. Ecuador is bounded on the north by Colombia, on the south and east by Peru, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean. The capital is Quito ; the largest city and chief port is Guayaquil Land and People The Andes, dominating the country, cut across Ecuador in two ranges and reach their greatest altitude in the snowcapped volcanic peaks of Chimborazo (20,577 ft/6,272 m) and Cotopaxi (19,347 ft/5,897 m). Within the mountains are high, often fertile valleys, where grains are cultivated, and the major urban centers, such as Quito

88. Country Study Ecuador Social Studies From Library of Congress http//countrystudies.us/ecuador/ ecuador A guide to law, constitution/s, legal history, international agreements and more. http://www.archaeolink.com/cultural_studies_ecuador_people_.htm

Ecuador People History Culture Home Afghanistan Social Studies Albania Social Studies Algeria Social Studies ... Vietnam Social Studies You may find additional information about the country of your choice in the sections for Archaeology Anthropology or Ancient Civilizations Ecuador Tourism Please Note: If you sometimes get an error message when clicking on a large text link, don't give up. Try the URL link instead. There are times when the large text link doesn't "take" for some reason, thus the built-in redundancy. Thank you. CIA - The World Factbook Ecuador A Detailed look at - including history, culture, political structure, economics and many other topics. - From US Central Intelligence Agency - http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/ec.html Country Profile: Ecuador "Traditionally an agrarian country, Ecuador's economic profile changed radically after the 1960s, when the discovery of oil and the promulgation of an industrial development law set off rapid growth and brought about great progress in the spheres of health, education and housing." A general overview including history, political structure, culture, leaders, media, and more. - illustrated - From BBC - http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/americas/country_profiles/1212882.stm

89. Study Abroad Ecuador Page Culture ecuador s culture is largely rooted in its history, Learn about ecuador s history while shopping in preIncan marketplaces. http://info.iiepassport.org/Archive/EcuadorIIE.html

ECUADOR FAST FACTS: POPULATION: 13,710,234 (July 2003 est.) CAPITAL: Quito CURRENCY: U.S. Dollar RELIGIONS: Roman Catholic, Other LANGUAGE: Spanish, Amerindian Languages MAJOR EVENTS: Independence Day (August 10), Easter (Spring), Christmas (December 25), Carnival (Spring), and Corpus Christi (June) Ecuador at a Glance... Land and Climate : Ecuador, located on the Pacific Ocean, between Colombia and Peru, has four different climate zones. You will find coastal lowlands, Andean mountains and highland, Amazonian Jungles in eastern Ecuador, and the Gal‡pagos Islands in the Pacific. The Andes have caused earthquakes and landslides, and there is even some volcanic activity in the two ranges surrounding Ecuador's central valley, which is home to the bulk of its population. The lowlands experience floods, and there are periodic droughts in Ecuador as well. Over 300 species of mammals can be found in Ecuador, and there are 58 species of bird that can be found there as well. There are also many species of fish, including the electric eel, stingray and piranha, swimming in the waters of the Galapagos Islands. Ecuador has two primary seasons, wet and dry, but local weather can depend greatly on where you are at the time.

90. Adventure Life Ecuador Trips Explore The Diverse Ecuadorian Culture And History history. Visit the Ingapirca Inca ruins of ecuador with Adventure Life The history of preInca ecuador is lost in a misty tangle of time and legend, http://www.adventure-life.com/ecuador/ecuador_history.php

contact us Ecuador Tours Home Testimonials In the News About Us ... Lodging South America Amazon Tours Argentina Tours Bolivia Tours Chile Tours ... Peru Tours Central America Belize Tours Costa Rica Tours Guatemala Tours Panama Tours Antarctica Antarctica Tours Extensions Extend your Ecuador travel a few more days with an Ecuador extension. Icon Legend Please click to see a detailed explanation of these icons used throughout the site. Escort Escorted Unescorted Difficulty Easy Moderate Challenging When to Travel Excellent Very Good Unpredictable Unavailable Specials Register for Adventure Weather Map of Ecuador ... culture History The history of pre-Inca Ecuador is lost in a misty tangle of time and legend, and the earliest historical details date back only as far as the 11th century AD. It is commonly believed that Asian nomads reached the South American continent by about 12,000 BC and were later joined by Polynesian colonizers. Centuries of tribal expansion, warfare and alliances resulted in the relatively stable Duchicela lineage, which ruled more or less peacefully for about 150 years until the arrival of the Incas around 1450 AD. Despite fierce opposition, the conquering Incas soon held the region, helped by strong leadership and policies of intermarriage. War over the inheritance of the new Inca kingdom weakened and divided the region on the eve of the arrival of the Spanish invaders.

91. SIM Country Profile: Ecuador ecuador—with a 5000year history— was conquered by the Incas only about 100 years Political Stability ecuador has a marked history of instability. http://www.sim.org/country.asp?cid=24&fun=1

92. History Of Ecuador - MavicaNET The history Guy ecuadorPeru Border War of 1941 - English ecuador Galapagos Travel - A Brief history of ecuador - English http://www.mavicanet.com/directory/eng/24246.html

selCatSelAlt="Deselect category"; selCatDesAlt="Select category"; selSitSelAlt="Deselect site"; selSitDesAlt="Select site"; MavicaNET - Multilingual Search Catalog MavicaNet Lite - Light version Catalog Belarusian Bulgarian Croatian Czech Danish Dutch English Estonian Finnish French German Greek Hungarian Icelandic Irish Italian Latvian Lithuanian Norwegian Polish Portuguese Romanian Russian Serbian (cyr.) Serbian (lat.) Slovak Spanish Swedish Turkish Ukrainian Regional South America Ecuador Regional ... History of Latin America, Spanish America History of Ecuador Sites Sister categories ... Columbus, Christopher (1451-15... Coronado, Francisco Vazquez de... Economy: Ecuador Ecuador: Literature Galapagos Islands Historical Persons: Latin Amer... History of Argentina History of Bolivia History of Brazil History of Chile History of Colombia History of Falkland Islands History of French Guiana History of Guyana History of Mexico History of Paraguay History of Peru History of Suriname History of Uruguay History of Venezuela History: Caribbean Search Systems: Equador Soto, Hernando de (1496-1542)

93. Language Crossing - History Of Ecuador Travel to ecuador and learn Spanish in Quito, ecuador. Language Crossing has a collection of information about ecuador, including history, news, facts, http://www.languagecrossing.com/ecuador/about/history.html

new menu (mainmenu_MENU_ITEMS, mainmenu_MENU_POS); Vocabulary Signup Enter your email address to receive free weekly Spanish vocabulary. San Martin and Bolivar met in Guayaquil, Ecuador to decide how they would govern the newly independent Americas. Ecuadorians voting on election day - voting is mandatory for everyone 18 and older in Ecuador. Since elections are mandatory in Ecuador, the people receive these cards to verify that they voted. The ink on the index finger is to prevent a person from voting twice in the same election. Home Destinations Ecuador About Ecuador History History of Ecuador Pre-Conquest Spanish Conquest The indigenous people that survived the Spanish invasion were put to work making the Spanish wealthy. Ecuador became a province of the Spanish empire, with the administration based out of Lima, Peru. Ecuador later became the province of Nueva Grenada in Colombia. There were few uprisings until the fight for independence. Independence Gran Columbia Modern Times Ecuador is split politically with the conservatives mainly in Quito and the liberals in Guayaquil on the coast. Democracy has prevailed continually in Ecuador except for brief periodic military intervention. The current president of Ecuador is Lucio Gutierrez.

94. Hispanic American Historical Review, Volume 83, 2003 - Table Of Contents Indians of South America Government policy ecuador history 19th Land reform Law and legislation ecuador history 19th century. http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/hispanic_american_historical_review/toc/hahr83.4.ht

Hispanic American Historical Review 83:4, November 2003 Contents Contributors Correspondence Index to Volume 83 Articles Frazier, Lessie Jo, 1966- Cohen, Deborah. Mexico '68: Defining the Space of the Movement, Heroic Masculinity in the Prison, and "Women" in the Streets [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Student movements Mexico Mexico City History 20th century. Prisoners Mexico Mexico City Political activity History 20th century. Political leadership Mexico Mexico City History 20th century. Masculinity Mexico Mexico City History 20th century. Women Mexico Mexico City Social conditions 20th century. McCann, Bryan. Carlos Lacerda: The Rise and Fall of a Middle-Class Populist in 1950s Brazil [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Lacerda, Carlos. Populism Brazil History 1945-1954. Middle class Brazil Political activity History 1945-1954. Brazil Politics and government 1945-1954. Williams, Derek. Popular Liberalism and Indian Servitude: The Making and Unmaking of Ecuador's Antilandlord State, 1845-1868 [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Indians of South America Government policy Ecuador History 19th century.

95. The Americas, Volume 59 - Table Of Contents ecuador history 19th century. Land tenure Law and legislation ecuador history 19th century. Book Revews. Coatsworth, John H., 1940 http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/the_americas/toc/tam59.1.html

The Americas 59.1, July 2002 A Quarterly Review of Inter-American Cultural History Contents Contributors Inter-American Notes Articles Schwartz, Stuart B. [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Saloman, Frank, ed. Cambridge history of the native peoples of the Americas. Vol. 3, South America. Schwartz, Stuart B., ed. Indians of South America History. Butler, Matthew. [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Cristero Rebellion, 1926-1929. Langer, Erick Detlef. The Eastern Andean Frontier (Bolivia and Argentina) and Latin American Frontiers: Comparative Contexts (19th and 20th Centuries) [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Frontier and pioneer life Gran Chaco History. Smith, Michael M. The Mexican Secret Service in the United States, 1910-1920 [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Mexico History Revolution, 1910-1920 Secret service United States. Espionage, Mexican United States History 20th century. O'Connor, Erin. Widows' Rights Questioned: Indians, The State, and Fluctuating Gender Ideas in Central Highland Ecuador, 1870-1900 [Access article in HTML] [Access article in PDF] Subjects: Widows Legal status, laws, etc. Ecuador History 19th century.

96. A2Z Languages - Ecuador - Country Guide - History Of Ecuador This page contains a brief history of ecuador. Spanish language school listings, language study abroad opportunities, plus other educational and programs in http://www.a2zlanguages.com/Ecuador/countryguide/ecuador_history.htm

Program Locations Argentina Austria Bolivia Brazil Chile Canada Costa Rica Dominican Republic Ecuador France Germany Greece Guatemala Italy Mexico Peru Portugal Puerto Rico Russia Spain Switzerland Venezuela Country Guide: History Archaeological evidence, indicates the presence of indigenous people in Ecuador for many thousands of years before the expansion of the Incas from Peru in the 1400s. It is generally accepted that the earliest inhabitants were Asian nomads who crossed what is now known as the Bering Strait some 25,000 years ago and began reaching the South American continent by about 12,000 BC. It is believed that several thousand years later, trans-Pacific colonization by the island dwellers of Polynesia added to the population. Although Stone Age tools found in the Quito area have been dated to 9000 BC, the oldest signs of a more developed culture date back to 3200 BC. These belong to the Valdivia period and consist mainly of ceramics, especially small figurines, found in the central coastal area of Ecuador. Examples of these can be seen in the major museums of Quito and Guayaquil. Early Tribes The 11 th century AD saw two dominant tribes: Caras in the coastal areas and Quitus in the highlands. Later there was a peaceful expansion and these people became collectively known as the Shyri nation and were the dominant force in the Ecuadorian highlands until about 1300.

97. Specialty Travel: For 25 Years, The #1 Source For Adventure And Special Interest Film Festivals, Film/Film history, Fishing/Flyfishing, Flightseeing, Flyin Charters, Fly/Drive Packages Search Results ecuador / history Tours http://www.specialtytravel.com/operators/operator.cgi?geo_code=103&act_code=662

98. Historical Text Archive Links Latin America Ecuador Brief history by Jeff Haycraft. ecuador haciendas (688 clicks) Description Photos of ecuadorian hacienda; ecuador, history of (755 clicks)...... http://historicaltextarchive.com/links.php?op=viewslink&sid=71

99. A Short History Of Ecuador The area that is now ecuador, inhabited by Indian tribes, is conquered by the Spain forms in Presentday Colombia, Venezuela and ecuador New Granada. http://www.electionworld.org/history/ecuador.htm

The area that is now Ecuador, inhabited by Indian tribes, is conquered by the Inca Empire in 1487. After it discovered by Spain in 1526 it is conquered in 1534. Spain forms in Present-day Colombia, Venezuela and Ecuador New Granada . New Granada becomes in 1564 part of the Viceroyalty of Peru . In 1718 New Granada becomes the separate Viceroyalty of New Granada . From 1724 until 1740 New Granada is temporarely reincorporated into Peru. The territory proclaims independence from Spain in 1812 as the United Provinces of New Granada , but is reconquested by Spain in 1816. New Granada regains independence in 1819 as the Republic of Grand Colombia In 1830 the area that is now Ecuador secedes from Grand Colombia as the State of the South of Colombia , the same year renamed State of Ecuador and in 1835 Republic of Ecuador . Ecuador is ruled by a small landowning oligarchy. The 19th century is marked by instability, with a rapid succession of rulers. The conservative Gabriel Garcia Moreno unifies the country in the 1860s. He and his co-partisans dominate the country. A coastal-based liberal revolution in 1895 under José Eloy Alfaro Delgado of the Partido Liberal Radical (Radical Liberal Party, PLR) reduces the power of the clergy and opens the way for further development. The Alfaro line is continued by Leonidas Plaza Gutiérrez in 1901 and Lizardo García Sorroza in 1905. Alfaro regains power in 1906. He is forced to resign in 1911, but when his successor Emilio Estrada y Carmona dies, he returns. A civil war between factions of the liberals breaks out. This chaos in 1912 when Plaza regains the presidency and continues the PLR rule. He is succeeded by Alfredo Baquerizo Moreno in 1916, José Luis Tamayo Terán in 1920 and Gonzalo Segundo Córdova y Rivera in 1924. The end of the cocoa boom leads to renewed political instability and a military coup in 1925.

100. Ecuador Media, Art And Culture ecuador News, Art, history Culture @ EscapeArtist.com. Art, history Culture of ecuador News, Media, Art history in ecuador @ EscapeArtist.com http://www.escapeartist.com/ecuador3/art.htm

Index for Ecuador Index for South America - Look at photos of Incan artifacts including gold, masonry and pottery. Books on their history are available for sale. Arte y Cultura - ExploringEcuador Carlos Monsalve - Carlos Monsalve - features paitings, sketches, and sculptures by the Ecuadoran artist. Cocina Riojana - Cocina Riojana - Recetas de la Cocina Tradicional Riojana Indigenous People in Ecuador - Indigenous People in Ecuador - Represents the interests of the indigenous peoples in Ecuador. Site includes bulletins, interviews, and background material. Consejo Nacional de Cultura del Ecuador - Consejo Nacional de Cultura del Ecuador Ecuador - Ecuador - World History Archives Ecuador: Country Study - U.S. Library of Congress Ecuaserver - Ecuaserver Exploring Ecuador - Exploring Ecuador - Exploring Ecuador is a guide with geographic, artisanal, commercial and touristic information of Ecuador. "A whole Planet in just One Country... a whole Country in just one Page". Iglesia de Valvanera - Iglesia de Valvanera Languages of Ecuador - Languages of Ecuador - Ethnologue Database, 12th Edition

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