141. AFROL Background - Ebola The ebola virus was first identified in a western equatorial province of Sudan and Between June and November 1976 the ebola virus infected 284 people in http://www.afrol.com/Categories/Health/backgr_ebola.htm

Ebola - the killer virus Related items News articles 18.03.2002 - Ebola toll still rising in Gabon and Congo 08.01.2002 - Gabon seals off "Ebola province" 02.01.2002 - Ebola death toll in Gabon and Congo rises to 23 09.12.2001 - Ebola outbreak in Congo Kinshasa and Gabon? ... 15.10.2000 - Ebola breaks out in Uganda Pages News, Africa Health News Background Ebola - the killer virus In Internet WHO MSF «Ebola is often characterised by the sudden onset of fever, weakness, muscle pain, headache and sore throat» WHO Ebola Haemorrhagic Fever is one of the most virulent viral disease known to humankind, causing death in 50-90% of all clinically-ill cases. This frightening and highly contagious disease causes its victims to bleed to death. The disease has its origins in the jungles of Africa and Asia and several different forms of Ebola virus have been identified and may be associated with other clinical expressions, on which further research is required. The Congo strain of the virus is the most deadly to date, proving fatal in just under 90% of those who contracted.

142. CNN.com - Experts: Slower Rate Of Ebola Infections - Feb. 26, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/02/26/congo.ebola.ap/index.html

The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Experts: Slower rate of Ebola infections Story Tools BRAZZAVILLE, Republic of Congo (AP) An Ebola outbreak in Republic of Congo has killed 79 people but appears to be slowing down, health investigators said Wednesday. The rate of new infections has started tapering off in the quarantined region of Cuvette West, where the deaths have occurred, World Health Organization spokesman Iain Simpson said in Geneva. Last week, health officials registered only eight new cases compared to as many as 25 in previous weeks. Nearly 100 people are still battling the disease. "I'm not suggesting that we won't see more cases, because we probably will," Simpson said. "But we're hopeful that the number of new cases will still drop." The viral disease is one of the world's deadliest, causing rapid death through massive blood loss in up to 90 percent of those infected. Ebola spreads through bodily fluids. Primates, hunted by many central Africans for food, can carry the infection. Villagers believing the disease to be a curse initially fled from emergency medical workers earlier this month.

143. Marburg Vs. Ebola - Ebola Wins. By Daniel Engber More than 100 people in Angola have died so far in an outbreak of the deadly Marburg virus, a close relative of ebola. If you have to fall sick with a viral http://slate.msn.com/id/2115923/

placeAd(1,'slate.news/slate') Print E-mail Discuss Newsletters ... About Us Search Slate Advanced Search placeAd(3,'slate.homepage/slate') placeAd(6,'slate.homepage/slate'); explainer Answers to your questions about the news. Marburg vs. Ebola Ebola wins. By Daniel Engber Posted Tuesday, March 29, 2005, at 3:19 PM PT More than 100 people in Angola have died so far in an outbreak of the deadly Marburg virus, a close relative of Ebola. If you have to fall sick with a viral hemorrhagic fever from the Marburg-Ebola family, which one should you choose? Go with Marburg . Though we don't know very much about how these viruses work, history suggests that between a quarter and half of all people who get Marburg die from it; there is a 90 percent mortality rate among those who contract Ebola. These numbers may be revised in light of the Marburg outbreak in Angola, however. Early reports indicate a mortality rate of nearly 100 percent. Symptoms of the two diseases are very similar. Both begin with the sort of muscle pain, fever, headaches, and nausea that you might see in response to any viral infection. About five days later, a rash appears on the chest and back, and the victim's face may appear vacant and expressionless, as the virus begins to affect the brain. Both Marburg and Ebola are hemorrhagic fevers, which means they cause bleeding from multiple organs within the body. In the grisly later stages of the illness, the victim may start to ooze blood from orifices or the sites of injections. Continue Article placeAd(2,'slate.homepage/slate')

144. CNN.com - Health - Officials Await Tests On Possible Ebola Victim - February 7, CNN http://cnn.com/2001/HEALTH/02/07/ebola.canada/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Danish Japanese Korean Arabic Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW Officials await tests on possible Ebola victim WEB EXCLUSIVE Bill Delaney: Ebola scare in Canada HAMILTON, Ontario Health officials are awaiting test results to determine if a woman who traveled to Canada from Africa is ill with the Ebola virus. Doctors at Henderson Hospital have run a complete battery of tests on the woman, including tests for other hemorrhagic fevers, but said in a news conference they may never find out what disease the woman is suffering from. "We many never know" what she has, said Dr. Douglas MacPherson of Health Canada, the national health department. "But in terms of the diagnostic testing, we will have a yes/no type response certainly out of Winnipeg, within the two or three day frame that we were talking about," he added. If the woman turns out to have the Ebola virus, it would be the first known case of the often-fatal disease in North America.

145. WHO Pleads With Saudi Arabia To Let In Ugandan Pilgrims CNN http://cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/01/18/uganda.ebola.ap/index.html

146. CBC News: Vaccines Protect Monkeys From Ebola, Marburg: Study Last year, Dutch biotechnology firm Crucell announced an ebola vaccine it developed successfully protected monkeys during trial tests. http://www.cbc.ca/story/science/national/2005/06/05/monkey-vaccines050605.html

CBCCat = "Sports,News,Arts,Kids,Interactive"; Sports = "Hockey,Baseball,Football"; News = "Canada,World,SciTech,Local,Consumers,SpecialReports,Business"; Arts = "ArtsNews,Infoculture,Music,Books,ArtsFeatures"; Kids = "CBC4Kids,PreSchool,Teachers"; Interactive = "MessageBoards,Forums,Games,Media"; CBC is currently experiencing a labour disruption. Go to the official CBC negotiations site. View CBC's updated programming schedules. Vaccines protect monkeys from Ebola, Marburg: study Last Updated Mon, 06 Jun 2005 09:33:56 EDT CBC News Canadian and American researchers are reporting a discovery in fighting the diseases caused by the deadly Ebola and Marburg viruses. They've developed two vaccines that protected monkeys from the viruses, according to a study published in this month's online edition of the journal Nature Medicine. Dr. Steven Jones While it's a promising discovery, a human vaccine could still be at least five years away, said Steven Jones, one of the Canadian scientists involved in the study. The world's largest known outbreak of Marburg virus is blamed for killing 335 people in Angola since last fall.

147. CNN.com - Ebola Outbreak Kills 29 In Africa - Dec. 18, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/HEALTH/conditions/12/18/ebola.ap/index.html

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Autos SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters Your E-mail Alerts RSS ... Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com Ebola outbreak kills 29 in Africa Story Tools GENEVA, Switzerland (AP) The fifth outbreak in two years of the deadly Ebola virus in a remote area of central Africa has so far killed 29 people, the U.N. health agency said Wednesday. HEALTH LIBRARY Health Library YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Follow the news that matters to you. Create your own alert to be notified on topics you're interested in. Or, visit Popular Alerts for suggestions. Manage alerts What is this? But the outbreak appears to be coming under control, with no one currently sick in northwest Republic of Congo, said Dr. Pierre Formenty, a World Health Organization expert who has just returned from the region. WHO cannot declare the outbreak formally over until February, and there is still the danger that it could recur because animals in the area are still dying, Formenty said. The current outbreak is believed to have begun when four young hunters ate a wild boar they found dead in the forest. He said residents of the affected villages of Mbanza and Mbomo are beginning to trust the health workers more. In the past they had refused to give blood for testing, fearing that the health workers were using it for black magic and to spread the disease.

148. Ebola Milestone: Disease Blocked In Monkeys - Health & Science - International H Scientists trying to develop vaccines against the deadly Marburg and ebola viruses in Africa are reporting an important milestone, a new type of vaccine http://www.iht.com/articles/2005/06/06/news/virus.php

Subscribe to the newspaper ARTICLE TOOLS CHANGE FORMAT PRINT PAGE EMAIL ARTICLE Business Asia by Bloomberg ... Results of U.S. sex survey surprise the experts LANGUAGE TOOLS Language Tools What is this? English Definitions English->Spanish English->French English->German English->Italian Eng->Portuguese Powered by Ultralingua ARTICLE TOOLS CHANGE FORMAT PRINT PAGE EMAIL ARTICLE ) FONT ( ) FONT Ebola milestone: Disease blocked in monkeys By Denise Grady The New York Times MONDAY, JUNE 6, 2005 NEW YORK Scientists trying to develop vaccines against the deadly Marburg and Ebola viruses in Africa are reporting an important milestone, a new type of vaccine that prevents the diseases in monkeys. Successfully immunizing monkeys is an essential step toward producing vaccines for people. Two new vaccines, one for Marburg and one for Ebola, were 100 percent effective in a study of 12 macaques being published Monday in the journal Nature Medicine. Monkeys given just one shot of the vaccine and later injected with a high dose of the virus did not even get sick. Normally, all the animals would be expected to die. The Marburg and Ebola viruses are closely related, and in both people and monkeys they cause hemorrhagic fevers that can be fatal within a week. There is no vaccine or treatment for either disease. Death rates in people can be high, sometimes exceeding 80 percent or 90 percent.

149. DNA Ebola Vaccine ebola vaccine shows promise in new study NEW YORK Guinea pigs that were injected with genes from the ebola virus gained protection against infection, a possible step toward creating an ebola vaccine for people. http://www.usatoday.com/life/health/general/vaccinat/lhgva008.htm

150. VOA News - Report: Scientists Successfully Test Ebola, Marburg Vaccines On Monke Report Scientists Successfully Test ebola, Marburg Vaccines on Monkeys. http://www.voanews.com/english/2005-06-06-voa64.cfm

var gMenuControlID=0; var menus_included = 0; var jsPageAuthorMode = 0; var jsSessionPreviewON = 1; var jsDlgLoader = '/english/loader.cfm'; var jsSiteID = 13; var jsSubSiteID = 1; var kurrentPageID = 145025; document.CS_StaticURL = "http://author.voanews.com/english/"; document.CS_DynamicURL = "http://author.voanews.com/english/"; A trusted source of news and information since 1942 Text Only Search VOA English V OICE OF A MERICA VOA Home VOA English Regions/Topics Subscribe to E-mail ... Read Editorials Report: Scientists Successfully Test Ebola, Marburg Vaccines on Monkeys By Margaret Besheer Washington 06 June 2005 Besheer report (Real Audio) - Download 1.09MB Listen to Besheer report (Real Audio) Ebola virus Researchers in the United States and Canada report they have successfully tested a vaccine against the Ebola and Marburg viruses, two of the world's deadliest infectious diseases. The news comes as health officials in Angola battle a Marburg outbreak that has killed nearly 350 people this year. In a study published in the current issue of the journal Nature Medicine , scientists report that they have successfully tested two new vaccines on macaque monkeys.

151. CNN.com - Ebola Outbreak Kills 39, Infects 63 More In Uganda - October 18, 2000 CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/10/18/uganda.ebola.02/index.html

world africa Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Ebola outbreak kills 39, infects 63 more in Uganda

152. Ebola – A Serious Threat ebola breakouts in Africa have been widely reported. But ebola s use as a bio weapon has not. A small amount of ebola (variety Marburg) released into the http://www.newsmax.com/archives/articles/2001/10/12/82239.shtml

Home Money Jokes Links ... Shop September 20, 2005 Web NewsMax.com Powered by Hurricane Rita Now Cat 2 - Track Here Ebola – A Serious Threat Col. Byron Weeks, M.D., Ret. Wednesday, Oct. 17, 2001 Dr. Weeks has had a distinguished medical and military career with the U.S. Air Force Medical Corps. He began military service as the youngest flight surgeon in the U.S. Air Force during the Korean War. After 15 years of military service, during which he served in senior posts, including Hospital Commander at Bitburg Air Force Base, Germany, Dr. Weeks retired and entered private practice. During the past two decades, he has focused his studies on the threat of biological and chemical agents as weapons of war. Dr. Weeks has lectured and written numerous articles on infectious diseases and biological warfare. A significant problem in dealing with biological attacks is that we may not be aware we have been subjected to such an attack until several days or weeks later. There would be no warning until the first deaths had taken place and the medical community had properly ascertained the cause of death.

153. WHO Team In Gabon To Help Contain Ebola Outbreak CNN http://cnn.com/2001/WORLD/africa/12/11/gabon.ebola.reut/index.html

154. CNN.com - Death Toll In Uganda Ebola Outbreak Rises To 90 - November 5, 2000 CNN http://www.cnn.com/2000/WORLD/africa/11/05/uganda.ebola.ap/index.html

world africa Editions myCNN ... Feedback CNN Sites CNN CNN Europe CNNfn CNNSI myCNN CNNfyi AllPolitics Languages Search CNN.com CNNSI.com CNNfn.com The Web WORLD TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Gates pledges $100 million for AIDS Davos protesters face tear gas ... MORE TOP STORIES Thousands dead in India; quake toll rapidly rising Israelis, Palestinians make final push before Israeli election Davos protesters face tear gas MORE ... MORE MARKETS 4:30pm ET, 4/16 DJIA NAS SPORTS Jordan says farewell for the third time ... LOCAL EDITIONS: CNN.com Europe change default edition MULTIMEDIA: video video archive audio multimedia showcase ... more services E-MAIL: Subscribe to one of our news e-mail lists Enter your address: DISCUSSION: chat feedback CNN WEB SITES: CNNfyi.com CNN.com Europe AsiaNow Spanish ... Korean Headlines TIME INC. SITES: Go To ... Time.com People Money Fortune EW CNN NETWORKS: CNN anchors transcripts Turner distribution SITE INFO: help contents search ad info ... jobs WEB SERVICES: Death toll in Uganda Ebola outbreak rises to 90 Workers from St. Mary's Lacor Hospital in Gulu disinfect the coffin of an Ebola victim in northern Uganda

155. CNN.com - Health - Vaccine Protects Monkeys From Ebola Infection - November 29, CNN http://cnn.com/2000/HEALTH/11/29/ebola.feig/index.html

MAIN PAGE WORLD U.S. WEATHER ... ABOUT US CNN TV what's on show transcripts CNN Headline News CNN International ... askCNN EDITIONS CNN.com Asia CNN.com Europe set your edition Languages Spanish Portuguese German Italian Danish Japanese Korean Arabic Time, Inc. Time.com People Fortune EW Vaccine protects monkeys from Ebola infection From Christy Feig CNN Medical Correspondent (CNN) For the first time researchers have found a potential vaccine for the Ebola virus. The vaccine was tested only in monkeys, but it could be a significant development because doctors currently have nothing to treat or prevent infections. The current Ebola outbreak in Uganda has killed 145 people. Since it first appeared in 1976, the virus has killed more than 800, infecting nearly 1,100. The disease causes its victims to bleed to death within days of infection. ALSO Meet one of the CDC experts who went to Uganda to help control the Ebola outbreak there The vaccine was created by Dr. Gary Nabel and colleagues at the Vaccine Research Center at the National Institutes of Health. Research appears in the journal Nature. "We found that it's possible to protect against the lethal effects of the Ebola virus in a primate model. By vaccinating animals ahead of time against Ebola virus we were able to prevent them from dying from the infection when they were challenged with virus," said Nabel.

156. Virology Project (Courtesy of http//medicine.tamu.edu/mmim923/ebola/ebola.html) ebola THESIS WEBSITE BIOS 424A WEBSITE. PLEASE CLICK ONE OF THE BELOW TO EMAIL FOR http://www.biosci.ohiou.edu/virology/Ebola/

BIOS 424A VIROLOGY WEB POSTER PROJECT (Courtesy of http://medicine.tamu.edu/mmim923/ebola/ebola.html (Courtesy of http://www.umdnj.edu/umcweb/hstate/fall97/bacteria.html k to source BACKGROUND/EPIDEMIOLOGY VIROLOGY TRANSMISSION/PREVENTION SYMPTOMS ... BIOS 424A WEBSITE PLEASE CLICK ONE OF THE BELOW TO EMAIL FOR COMMENTS OR QUESTIONS ABOUT THIS SITE KELLY ADAMCEK MEGAN EANES SAMANTHA SHAW

157. WHO Tries To Return To Ebola Area In Gabon CNN http://cnn.com/2002/WORLD/africa/01/11/un.ebola.ap/index.html

158. EBOLA ebola Fever The African Emergency. International Journal of Trauma Nursing 2002. Bray M, Mahanty S. ebola hemorrhagic fever and septic shock. http://www.brown.edu/Courses/Bio_160/Projects2004/ebola/refs.html

References Articles or websites from which pictures were taken are also cited here. Baize, S. et al. Defective humoral response and extensive intravascular apoptosis are associated with fatal outcome of Ebola virus-infected patients. Nature Med. 5, 423-426 (1999) Bosio CM, Aman MJ, Grogan C, Hogan R, Ruthel G, Negley D, Mohamadzadeh M, Bavari S, Schmaljohn A. Ebola and Marburg viruses replicate in monocyte-derived dendritic cells without inducing the production of cytokines and full maturation. J Infect Dis. 2003 Dec 1;188(11):1630-8. Epub 2003 Nov 14. Bruce, J, et al. Ebola Fever: The African Emergency. International Journal of Trauma Nursing 2002. 8 (36): 36-41. Bray, M. Defense against filoviruses as biological weapons. Antiviral Research 2003, 57: 53-60. Bray M, Mahanty S. Ebola hemorrhagic fever and septic shock. J Infect Dis. 2003 Dec 1;188(11):1613-7. Epub 2003 Nov 14. Bray, M. et al Hematological, biochemical and coagulation with a mouse-adapted variant of Ebola Zaire virus. Journal of comparative pathology 125: 243-253 (2001) Bray M. et al. A mouse model for evaluation of prophylaxis and therapy of Ebola hemorrhagic fever. Journal of Infectious Diseases. 178: 651-661 (1998)

159. CNN.com - Ebola Outbreak Controlled, Say WHO - Feb. 25, 2003 CNN http://cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/02/25/congo.ebola.reut/index.html

The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Special Reports SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters CNNtoGO SEARCH Web CNN.com Ebola outbreak controlled, say WHO Story Tools GENEVA, Switzerland (Reuters) The toll from the Ebola outbreak in Congo has risen to 75 deaths among 93 cases, but is believed to be under control, the World Health Organization (WHO) said Tuesday. The outbreak in the Kelle and Mbomo districts near the central African country's border with Gabon is thought by scientists to have been caused by the consumption of infected monkey meat. The WHO last Wednesday put the death toll at 64. Ebola killed at least 73 people in Congo and Gabon in an epidemic from October 2001 to February 2002. It is passed on by infected body fluids and certain strains can kill between 50 and 90 percent of its victims through massive internal bleeding, The number of victims exceed those reported from Congo and Gabon a year ago and came from an investigating team of WHO and government experts deployed in the remote northwest area. "It would be unrealistic to say that we've seen all the cases, but it is realistic to say that we have seen most," WHO spokesman Ian Simpson told Reuters.

160. CHAART Ebola Virus In Zaire ebola Virus in Zaire. ebola virus. Beginning with the January 1995 outbreak of ebola virus in Kikwit, Zaire, the CHAART staff have been working with http://geo.arc.nasa.gov/sge/health/projects/ebola/ebola.html

Ebola Virus in Zaire Beginning with the January 1995 outbreak of Ebola virus in Kikwit, Zaire, the CHAART staff have been working with investigators from the Special Pathogens Branch at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention ( CDC ) in Atlanta to generate images of the area where the first Ebola cases were found. The investigation in Kikwit was initially hampered to a great extent by the lack of accurate and up-to-date maps. The CDC team expressed a need to (1) accurately identify the location of exposure and residence of human patients, (2) geographically reference the collection of vertebrate and invertebrate materials from the ecological investigation, and (3) correlate these collections with underlying landscape and faunal characteristics. The long-term goals of the collaboration are to use remotely sensed environmental information to supplement observations of the basic ecology of the field sites, and to utilize a geographic information system to relate these data with other epidemiological information to investigate the temporal and spatial elements of the outbreak. As part of this collaboration, CHAART scientists have provided the CDC team with several image products, generated from archived SPOT multispectral data and current Landsat Thematic Mapper data . Vegetation indices, as well as

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