21. Kakuma - Turkana, Dueling Struggles: Africa's Forgotten Peoples DUELING STRUGGLES africa s Forgotten peoples. DANIEL CHENG YANG One of theoldest civilizations on Earth, the indigenous peoples of Turkana have lived http://pangaea.org/kakuma_turkana/kakuma.htm

P A N G A E A INSIDE PREVIEW KAKUMA - TURKANA DUELING STRUGGLES: Africa's Forgotten Peoples DANIEL CHENG YANG With Foreword by HIS HOLINESS THE DALAI LAMA and Introduction by SABER AZAM United Nations Peacekeeping Operations O ne of the oldest civilizations on Earth, the indigenous peoples of Turkana have lived isolated in Kenya’s remote northwest for thousands of years. Existing in the tormented, civil war-torn heart of the continent, their way of life is now threatened by the added pressure of Kakuma Refugee Camp. Families from Sudan and East Africa, fleeing violence in their homelands, have sought sanctuary here since 1992. The dueling struggles for the sparse resources of this unforgiving region touched author and photographer Daniel Cheng Yang. With passion, dedication and compassion, he conveys the harsh reality of refugee life in his imagery—the plight of the over 40 million refugees in the world today—and the conflict between ancient traditional and contemporary civilizations. A powerful, moving documentary of forgotten peoples, Daniel’s work has gained international attention for its depth of human expression and been shown in Paris at the Louvre, as well as in New York and Yokohama. At the author’s request, a portion of book proceeds will go to fund food and supplies for the more than 81,000 refugees at Kakuma.

22. Indigenous Peoples And The Law: Homepage An online institute of law affecting indigenous peoples. This appeal, in theConstitutional Court of South africa, relates to a claim to land and http://www.kennett.co.nz/law/indigenous/

Last updated: Monday, 19 September 2005 Regular Features Reader Letters Archived Articles Indigenous Sites New Zealand sites Alexander Turnbull Library - Tapuhi Auckland City Library - Iwi Index Context.co.nz Conservation - Maori Issues ... Waitangi Tribunal Overseas links Aboriginal Studies Agreements, Treaties and Negotiated Settlements Project ALGA Native Title Policy Papers Australian Aboriginal Sites ... UN Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues Search Engines Google Online World Resources Handbook Researching Indigenous Rights under International Law Database of tertiary institutions ... Ask Indigenous Peoples and the Law is an online institute of law affecting indigenous peoples. It aims to provide links to the best and latest articles available on the internet. Original essays and considered reader responses are also published on this site. It was founded by Andrew Erueti and Tom Bennion Editor: Rebecca Paton Web design: Kennett Bros Hosted by: Victoria University of Wellington Supported by New Zealand Harold Maniapoto and Dr Tui John Adams, on behalf of the Aotearoa Institute, have filed a claim in the Waitangi Tribunal alleging that the Crown has breached the Treaty of Waitangi in its recent dealings with Te Wananga o Aotearoa through its pursuit of "racially divisive policies".

23. IPACC - Indigenous Peoples Of Africa Coordinating Committee Daniel Ole TINAAYI, Maasai, Kenya, Deputy, EastHorn of africa The indigenouspeoples of East africa are hunter-gatherers and pastoralists who predate http://www.ipacc.org.za/easthorn.asp

Kenya, Sudan, Uganda, Tanzania, Ethiopia Regional Representatives: Mary SIMAT Maasai, Kenya Deputy Chairperson, East-Horn of Africa Daniel Ole TINAAYI Maasai, Kenya Deputy, East-Horn of Africa Jennifer KOINANTE Yiaku, Kenya Gender, East-Horn of Africa Regional Review: Kenya is engaged in a major exercise to review land policy issues. Long-term treaties between Britain and the Maasai came to an end in 2004 sparking conflicts in parts of southern Kenya. In 2004, 22 people were killed in the conflict between pastoralists and encroaching agricultural communities in the Rift Valley. New violence in 2005 involved allegations of government troops killing herders. Indigenous peoples of Kenya, with IPACC support, were active in the process of constitutional review in 2003-2004. In 2004, the emphasis has been on the National Land Policy formulation. Indigenous peoples were not initially involved but following protests they have been included by the National Land Commission as a representative delegation of both hunter-gatherer and pastoralist peoples. Vice Chairperson of IPACC, Mary Simat was interviewed on television representing indigenous issues in discussion with the Permanent Secretary. Mrs Simat has emphasised that urban policy makers do not know the situation on the ground for rural indigenous peoples. Land tenure issues require sensitivity to indigenous cultures and sustainable economic strategies. Mrs Simat leads a working group of herders and hunters who have been invited to join a government reference group on land issues.

24. IPACC - Indigenous Peoples Of Africa Coordinating Committee Daniel Ole TINAAYI, Maasai, Kenya, Deputy EastHorn of africa Priscilla deWet Fox, Khoisan, South africa, Gender Southern africa http://www.ipacc.org.za/resources/institutional/exec.asp

IPACC Executive Committee - 2003 to 2005 Name Ethnic Group Representing Hassan ID BELKASSM Chairperson Amazigh, Morocco Representative: North Africa Mohammed IKBARNE Amazigh, Algeria Deputy: North Africa Samia SLIMANE Gender Amazigh, Algeria Gender: North Africa Mary SIMAT Deputy Chairperson Maasai, Kenya Representative: East-Horn of Africa Daniel Ole TINAAYI Maasai, Kenya Deputy: East-Horn of Africa Jennifer KOINANTE Yiaku, Kenya Gender: East-Horn of Africa Poem MOONEY Khoisan, South Africa Representative: Southern Africa Mathambo NGAKAEAJA Naro San, Botswana Deputy: Southern Africa Priscilla de Wet Fox Khoisan, South Africa Gender: Southern Africa Mohamed EWANGAYE Tuareg, Niger Representative: West Africa Saoudata ABOUBACRINE Tuareg, Burkina Faso Deputy: West Africa Sada ALBACHIRE Tuareg, Niger Gender: West Africa Vital BAMBANZE Batwa, Burundi Representative: Central Africa Colette MIKILA D.R. Congo Deputy: Central Africa Hawe BOUBA Mobororo, Cameroon Gender: Central Africa Dr. Nigel CRAWHALL Director of Secretariat Ms. Mala MAREACHEALEE Operations Manager Mr. Dewald COETZEE

25. FPcN Friends Of Peoples Close To Nature Main theme “indigenous peoples and the international and domestic protection SOUTH africa NEW REPORT FINDS SAN PEOPLE FAST LOSING HOPE (May 13, 2005) http://www.fpcn-global.org/

fPcN News Feed webmail forum ... chatroom defenders of free tribal life Main Menu Home Search Topics Our Ethos ... FAQ Our Categories ACTION NEEDED: (Jul 02, 2005) Events (Nov 27, 2004) fPcN's Opinion (Mar 22, 2005) Letters (Feb 09, 2005) News (May 30, 2005) Press Releases (Apr 21, 2005) Projects (Mar 03, 2005) Reports (Sep 03, 2005) Statements (Aug 23, 2005) Visuals (Sep 14, 2005) Login User name Password Remember me Log in Problems? New User? Sign Up! Wednesday, September 14, 2005 West Papua - background slideshow West Papua slideshow http://www.arena.org.au/WP/wpMovie.swf Read more... Comments? Saturday, September 03, 2005 The West Papua Report August 2005 The following is the 18th in a series of regular reports prepared by the Robert F. Kennedy Memorial Center for Human Rights (CHR)-West Papua Advocacy Team providing updates on developments in West Papua. The CHR has monitored and reported on the human rights situation in West Papua since 1993 when Indonesian lawyer Bambang Widjojanto received the annual RFK Human Rights Award. Note: For more information, please contact:

26. FPcN Friends Of Peoples Close To Nature Sengwer Arm Sengwer indigenous peoples with guns to guard their lives and SOUTH africa NEW REPORT FINDS SAN PEOPLE FAST LOSING HOPE (May 13, 2005) http://www.fpcn-global.org/index.php?&catid=8

27. Kenya | MADRE: An International Women's Human Rights Organization In Kenya, as in the rest of africa, indigenous peoples generally distinguishthemselves based on their presentday position as peoples who share and http://www.madre.org/countries/Kenya.html

@import "/common/madre2.css"; Home About Programs Articles ... Print Text size: A A A Where We Work Colombia Cuba Guatemala Haiti ... Get emails with the latest news and analysis from MADRE Search the MADRE site! © Alissa Haselbach Kenya Country Overview In Kenya, Indigenous Peoples are fighting to retain their human rights, including collective control of their ancestral lands. Much of these lands have been seized for game parks, forest preserves, tourism, agribusiness and military bases. In the Samburu district, for example, 80 percent of land is “protected” by the state, leaving the Samburu people only 20 percent, which they manage using sustainable methods. Use of any “protected” area in Samburu district during difficult drought conditions must be negotiated with state authorities. Illegal arrests by wildlife park and forest officials are common and those arrested usually do not speak English (the language of the law) well enough to defend themselves. Related Materials MADRE Programs in Kenya MADRE's Sister Organizations in Kenya US in Africa: Partnership or Pillage? Indigenous Women and Sustainable Development ... The Other Half: Women and HIV/AIDS (Babatunde Osotimehin, New York Times) Bush Overstates Africa Aid Increase (David Bryden, Foreign Policy in Focus)

28. "Charter Of The Indigenous And Tribal Peoples Of The Tropical Forests (IAIP Char Legalise the ownership of lands used by nonindigenous peoples who live within the problems of the indigenous and tribal peoples are similar in africa, http://www.mtnforum.org/resources/library/citpt92a.htm

Charter of the Indigenous and Tribal Peoples of the Tropical Forests (IAIP Charter) Penang, Malaysia 15 February 1992. Principles, goals and demands Respect for our rights Territory Decision-making Development policy Forest policy Biodiversity and conservation Intellectual property Research Institutions Education Resolution of the Conference WE THEREFORE RESOLVE Charter and Resolution signed and approved by The Charter has subsequently been supported by the following organisations Article 1. We, the indigenous-tribal peoples of the tropical forests, present this charter as a response to hundreds of years of continual encroachment and colonisation of our territories and the undermining of our lives, livelihoods and cultures caused by the destruction of the forests that our survival depends on. Article 2. We declare that we are the original peoples, the rightful owners and the cultures that defend the tropical forests of the world. Article 3. Our territories and forests are to us more than an economic resource. For us, they are life itself and have an integral and spiritual value for our communities. They are fundamental to our social, cultural, spiritual, economic and political survival as distinct peoples. Article 4.

29. IMD 1993 1993 Museums and indigenous peoples . International Museum Day 1993 in WhatMuseums for africa? Heritage in the Future / Quels musées pour l Afrique? http://icom.museum/imd_93.html

Advanced Search What is ICOM Mission Headquarters Code of Ethics for Museums Statutes ... Press Releases Governing Bodies Committees Become a member Activities Committees Calendar International Museum Day General Conferences Fighting Illicit Traffic Capacity Building Community Involvement ... Risk Management Resources What is ICOM Governing Bodies Executive Council General Assembly Advisory Committee Working Groups Committees Become a member Activities Committees Calendar International Museum Day General Conferences Fighting Illicit Traffic Capacity Building Community Involvement ... Risk Management Resources Governing Bodies Committees National Committees International Committees Regional Organisations Affiliated Organisations Become a member Activities Committees Calendar International Museum Day General Conferences Fighting Illicit Traffic Capacity Building Community Involvement ... Risk Management Resources

30. DECLARATION OF INDIGENOUS YOUTH (Durban-South Africa, August-September, 2001) De igual formalas Conferencias u Encuentros Internacionales dan poca y en muchas http://www.treatycouncil.org/section_21183.htm

International Indian Treaty Council CONSEJO INTERNACIONAL DE TRATADOS INDIOS “WORKING FOR THE RIGHTS AND RECOGNITION OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES" DECLARACION DE LA JUVENTUD DE LOS PUEBLOS INDIGENAS SOLICITAMOS A LOS ESTADOS DAR ESPECIAL ATENCION DE LA DISCRIMINACION A LOS NINOS, NINAS Y JOVENES DE LOS PUEBLOS INDÍGENAS (Durban-Sud Africa, Agosto-Septiembre, 2001) DECLARATION OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES YOUTH WE REQUEST THAT STATES GIVE SPECIAL ATTENTION TO THE DISCRIMINATION OF INDIGENOUS CHILDREN AND YOUTH.. Nosotros los jóvenes de los Pueblos Indígenas participantes de la Cumbre Mundial de la Juventud, Foro Mundial de ONG, de la Conferencia Mundial contra el Racismo, la Discriminación Racial, la Xenofobia y todas las formas de intolerancia, reunidos en Durban, Sudáfrica del 26 de agosto al 07 de septiembre de 2001, adoptamos las propuestas contenidas en la presente declaración siendo las reflexiones y el aporte de los participantes, y a través de los cuales exigimos el fin del racismo contra los Pueblos Indígenas particularmente a los niños, niñas y jóvenes y el reconocimiento pleno de nuestros derechos. We, the Indigenous youth participants of the Youth Summit, NGO Forum of the World Conference Against Racism, Xenophobia, Racial Discrimination and related intolerance, having met in Durban, South Africa from August 26 to September 7, 2001, adopt the following proposals contained in this declaration which constitute the thoughts and contributions of the participants, and demand the end to racism towards the Indigenous Peoples particularly towards children and youth as well as the complete recognition of our rights.

31. Expert Seminar On Indigenous People And The Administration Of Justice Mrs. Maureen Tong (South africa) indigenous peoples and the administration ofjustice the south african case study HR/MADRID/IP/SEM/2003/BP.2 (English) http://www.unhchr.ch/indigenous/backgroundpapers.htm

Main Working Groups Calendar of meetings Special Rapporteur ... List of Organizations Publications The Rights of Indigenous Peoples (Fact Sheet #9/Rev.1) United Nations Guide for Indigenous Peoples Links International Decade International Day Committee on the Rights of the Child, Indigenous Children Discussion Day Expert Seminar on Indigenous People and the Administration of Justice, organized by the OHCHR in cooperation with the Universidad Nacional de Educación a Distancia ( UNED Madrid 12-14 November 2003 Background papers submitted by Experts Theme 1 : Discrimination against indigenous peoples in the justice system – examples,experiences, and governmental, administrative and judicial measures to ensure equitable justice system Mr. James W. Zion (United States of America)

32. Africa Anthropology The indigenous peoples Rights Question in africa This statement by MoringeParkipuny, Member of Parliament, Ngorongoro, Tanzania, was made before the http://www.archaeolink.com/indigenous_anthropology_africa_i.htm

Indigenous Studies - African Anthropology Home Ancient African Civilization African Archaeology To General Resources - Africa, African Anthropology - To General Resources - Australia Aboriginal People - To General Resources - Native Americans - To African Tribal Resources - To Native American Tribal Resources - To Native South Americans - To Indigenous Asian General Resources - To Pacific/Oceanic Resources By peoples Akan Akuapem Akye Anyi ... Zulu To Anthropology General Index Please Note: If you sometimes get an error message when clicking on a large text link, don't give up. Try the URL link instead. There are times when the large text link doesn't "take" for some reason, thus the built-in redundancy. Thank you. Acacia Initiative: International Development Research Centre (IDRC) Centre de recherches pour le développement international (CRDI) (3.1) "The Acacia Initiative: Communities and the Information Society in Africa Program Initiative is an international program to empower sub-Saharan communities with the ability to apply information and communication technologies (ICTs) to their own social and economic development." - From International Development Research Centre - Africa Program http://www.aaas.org/international/africa/

33. African Indigenous People Kassena africa, african Anthropology General Resources. By peoples Kassena People Kassena peoples belong to a larger subset of peoples in the area of http://www.archaeolink.com/african_indigenous_people_kassen.htm

Kassena Home Africa, African Anthropology General Resources By peoples Akan Akuapem Akye Anyi ... Kassena People "Kassena peoples belong to a larger subset of peoples in the area of southern Burkina Faso and northern Ghana collectively known as Gurunsi. This term is applied to these peoples, who share common histories, languages, and political structures, but it also carries pejorative overtones in local usage. Most of Gurunsi live in modern day Burkina Faso, and the degree to which recent Kassena history differs from their northerly neighbors, such as the Nuna, Bwa, and Winiama, is because they live in modern day Ghana." You will find material related to art, culture, history, religion, political structure and more. - From University of Iowa - http://www.uiowa.edu/~africart/toc/people/Kassena.html Web archaeolink.com Top of Page

34. History Of Liberia A Time Line See the remarks on the colonization of the western coast of africa by the and participate in elections was extended to Liberia s indigenous peoples. http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/gmdhtml/libhtml/liberia.html

History Of Liberia: A Time Line After the struggle for liberty in the American Revolution, free and enslaved African Americans faced continued hardship and inequality. A number of white Americans, for a variety of reasons, joined them in their efforts to resolve this complex problem. One possible solution (advocated at a time when the assimilation of free blacks into American society seemed out of the question) was the complete separation of white and black Americans. Some voices called for the return of African Americans to the land of their forebears. 1815-1817 Black Colonization - African-American Quaker and maritime entrepreneur Paul Cuffee (or Cuffe) financed and captained a successful voyage to Sierra Leone where he helped a small group of African-American immigrants establish themselves. Cuffee believed that African Americans could more easily "rise to be a people" in Africa than in America with its system of slavery and its legislated limits on black freedom. Cuffee also envisioned a black trade network organized by Westernized blacks who would return to Africa to develop its resources while educating its people in the skills they had gained during captivity. Cuffee died in 1817 without fully realizing his dream. - The partial success of Paul Cuffee's African venture encouraged white proponents of colonization to form an organization to repatriate those free African Americans who would volunteer to settle in Africa. Prominent Americans such as Henry Clay, John Randolph of Roanoke, and Justice Bushrod Washington were members of the American Colonization Society (ACS) during its early years. Many free African-Americans, however, including those who had supported Paul Cuffee's efforts, were wary of this new organization. They were concerned that it was dominated by Southerners and slave holders and that it excluded blacks from membership. Most free African-Americans wanted to stay in the land they had helped to build. They planned to continue the struggle for equality and justice in the new nation. See African-American Mosaic:

35. Dialogue Between Nations: Program Guides The problematic qualification of who are indigenous peoples also World Councilof Churches, Representative of Australia; indigenous peoples of africa, http://www.dialoguebetweennations.com/navigation/N2N2003PG.htm

2003 Permanent Forum Program Guide 2003 Permanent Forum on Indigenous Issues Dialogues Foro Permanente Para Las Cuestiones Indigenas Dialogos Real Audio Español/Spanish Antonio Segundo Jacanamijoy Tisoy Inga Otilia Lux di Coti Maya Kiche Real Audio English/Inglés Ida Nicolaisen Danish Lucy Mulenkei Maasai This conversation takes us on a journey which touches upon the issues of land, tradition and cultures, as well as their concerns confronting pastoralists within the confines of States who like people to be settled, as Ida reminds us. The problematic qualification of "who are Indigenous Peoples" also arises in this dialogue. Ida, in her role as a member of the Permanent Forum sees that there is a great willingness in the UN bodies to work on these issues. The need for a media strategy to move beyond the walls of the UN is also addressed. Real Audio Español/Spanish Marcos Terena Terena Viktor Kaisiepo "Kamassan"

36. Business & Human Rights : Indigenous Peoples by Working Group of indigenous Minorities in Southern africa (WIMSA), indigenous peoples Development Plan. also refers to Credit Suisse First http://www.business-humanrights.org/Categories/Issues/Groups/Indigenouspeoples

@import "/stylesheet-site.css"; skip to content Main page content starts here Indigenous peoples Category navigation ( skip to results Issues Groups Indigenous peoples Options for this topic: All General materials Websites Laws Enforcement ... Awards Showing items of sort by: original publication date date added to site title good link broken link See also: BHP lawsuit (re Papua New Guinea) Biotechnology BP lawsuit (re Alaska) Cambior lawsuit (re Guyana) ... Texaco/Chevron lawsuits (re Ecuador) ES Muevan las industrias [Chile] 14 septiembre 2005 Como si no fuese suficiente con la desigual distribución del ingreso, la población más postergada absorbe gran parte del tóxico manejo de las fábricas. [se refiere a Celulosa Arauco] Related topics ... BOTSWANA: Bushmen’s last stand as armed police raid reserve Survival International 12 Sep 2005 Gana and Gwi Bushmen who have returned to their land were today ordered to leave within ten days. Armed police and wildlife scouts are camped in the Bushmen's reserve, and are threatening to shoot them dead...Survival's director Stephen Corry said today... ‘...The outside world won't turn a blind eye to their destruction - which is now tantamount to genocide. Tourists to Botswana and those who buy diamonds from De Beers are now complicit in this, the greatest of crimes.' [PDF] De Beers Calls for a Halt to Survival International’s Deliberate Deception De Beers 01 Aug 2005 Related topics ...

37. Indigenous Peoples Highlights indigenous peoples on the Gateway a community promoting knowledge Kenya,Organization of indigenous peoples of africa (OIPA); Mirian Masaquiza, http://topics.developmentgateway.org/indigenous/highlights/viewAllHighlights.do

English Home About Us My Gateway Feedback ... Indigenous Issues All Highlights Next Highlight Description Increasing Indigenous Participation in MDG-Based Poverty Reduction Programs A status report recently released by the World Bank reveals no substantial progress in poverty reduction over the last decade for indigenous groups living in Bolivia, Ecuador, Guatemala, Mexico and Peru. Such findings for indigenous people, among the poorest and marginalized groups worldwide, are the basis of a recent call to more actively promote indigenous issues in country-level poverty reduction strategy programs (PRSP) aimed at meeting Millennium Development Goals by 2015. Several factors have been cited to increase indigenous participation in PRSPs. Because data for indigenous groups is typically not disaggregated from general country population studies, UNDP calls for the development of dedicated databases and mapping of indigenous peoples and their organizations; active inclusion of indigenous issues in project and programming cycles; and the establishment of indigenous support groups within a country’s civil society sector. Resources cite Mexico’s National Survey of Employment in Indigenous Areas in 1997, Venezuela’s indigenous census in 2001 and the founding of UNIPACK, an indigenous support group in Kenya, in 2004. In all cases, responsibility for integrating indigenous issues into poverty reduction programs lies with national governments. One study concludes that governments often fail “to recognize the link between ethnicity and poverty,” while another states that engagement with indigenous peoples is a "political act ultimately subject to approval by Governments." Indigenous women are particularly marginalized because they are poor, women and indigenous.

38. Rock Chalk Boycott! The effects of this 500 year campaign against the indigenous peoples in the of indigenous peoples, and it doesn t matter whether they re from africa, http://www.larryville.com/articles/rcboycot.htm

Rock Chalk Boycott! I think it's not right that a university should condone this sort of portrayal, because not only is it insulting and degrading, but it's this sort of beliefs that laid the basis for manifest destiny, the belief that native peoples, indigenous tribal peoples were inherently inferior, that we had no right to live on this land, and that we should leave so that other people could live here who deserved it more. Shanna Estigoy People are perfectly comfortable putting on their blinders, not worrying about race issues, about cultural issues, about issues that are at the core of American democracy. That's the frightening aspect of it. Dan Wildcat There's a handful of us here tonight who got to view it (the skit)... even if I wasn't a Native American, I would feel offended because it's just in bad taste. Once again it shows that there's an elitist group of people who can take anybody's culture take intellectual theft, cultural theft they can take our spiritual ways and make fun of them. And they get away with it. Elyse Towey How do people get power? That's what we're doing here. We're saying no, you can't treat us this way. You can't get your laughs this way, on our account. And how on earth does this give us respect or honor?

39. Bank Information Center USA indigenous peoples letter to IDB requesting adoption of an indigenous peoples Klong dan Wastewater Treatment Plant Contractor to be hit with suit. http://www.bicusa.org/bicusa/misc_resources.php

BIC is not responsible for any 'sponsored links' that appear on this Google search. Many documents on this site are in Adobe PDF format. Get Adobe Reader Français Español Other Languages Miscellaneous Resources Work at BIC BIC is currently seeking a Manger of Finance and Operations. See our Employment and Internships page for more information. Read More Las Direcciones del Directorio Ejecutivo del BID Read More Donate to BIC Read More Datos sobre el nuevo grupo #7 del Eje Amazonas: Acceso a la Hidrovía del Morona-Marañón-Amazonas Read More IIRSA Projects: Some Facts about the new Project Cluster #7 of the Amazonian Hub: Acceso a la Hidrovía del Morona-Marañón-Amazonas Read More Extractive Industries Review Update- April 26, 2005 Read More Sign up for BIC Email Lists Read More Civil Society Guide to IFI Policy Reviews Read More La Evaluación del Banco Mundial crítica el Préstamo de la Soya en la Amazonia Read More Minutes of the Meeting of the Bank Information Center Board of Directors- January 18, 2005 Read More Rede Brasil statement on agreement between the IDB and Tractebel energy company Read More Movement of Dam-affected People press release on IDB Brazil office occupation Read More test russian Read More test form Read More Thank You Read More Communique of a One-Day CSOs Roundtable on the IMF's Report on the 2005 Article IV Consultation in Nigeria Read More ANEEJ letter to WB Nigeria Country Director re: CAS consultation Read More Test of Recursos Read More World Bank/IMF Spring Meetings 2005: Information for Civil Society

40. Empowerment, Marginalization And ‘Community-Integrated’ GIS Struggles for Land in Mpumalanga, South africa. Trenton africa World Press.Mark, D. 1993. GIS, indigenous peoples, and epistemological diversity. http://www.ncgia.ucsb.edu/varenius/ppgis/papers/harris.html

(Draft – comments are welcomed and appreciated) Community-Integrated GIS for Land Reform in Mpumalanga Province, South Africa Trevor Harris and Daniel Weiner Department of Geology and Geography West Virginia University 425 White Hall Morgantown West Virginia 26506-6300 Tel. (304) 293-5603 Fax (304) 293-6522 Email: Tharris2@wvu.edu Dweiner@wvu.edu I. Introduction II. GIS, Society, and Community The social theoretic critique of GIS is now well established and can be summarized as focusing on a number of issues including: the perceived positivism and hegemonic power relations embedded within GIS (Abler, 1993; Aitken and Michel, 1995; Lake, 1993; Openshaw, 1991, 1992; Pickles, 1995; Smith, 1992; Taylor, 1990, 1991; Taylor and Overton, 1991, 1992; Taylor and Johnston, 1995) the claimed value-neutral and objective nature of GIS (Openshaw, 1991, 1992) the apparent pre-eminence given to data and facts and the retreat from knowledge with resultant regional and data inequities (Goodchild, 1991; Taylor, 1990; Openshaw, 1991, 1992; Pickles, 1995). the (anti) democratic nature of GIS brought about by the existence of differential access to data and technology (McHaffie, 1995; Obermeyer, 1993; Pickles, 1991; Edney, 1991)

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