1. Euro Information Links. Archive. Contact Us. Homepage. The euro is the currency of twelve Member States of the European Union. Welcome to the Treasury's euro http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

2. The Euro Our Currency The Euro Our Currency Welcome to the European Union's website on the euro, Europe's single currency. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. The EURO - Europes's New Currency The EURO is Europe's new currency, to be launched in 1999 and to replace European currencies between JanuaryJune 2002. This page contains facts and http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

4. Euro Conversion FAQ For I.T. Systems, Euro Currency, Euro Archive Answers to Frequently Asked Questions on the euro currency and the impact of the euro changeover on Information Technology. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. Http//www.microsoft.com/typography/faq/faq12.htm http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

6. Currency Calculator The $300 Mini Acct . Free Practice Acct Services Currency Trading Course More Links . Euro Information . Bookmark help . Frequent http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. FEE Euro Information Service - The Single European Currency Contains news updates legal issues and events concerning the Euro currency. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Euro 2002 Information Campaign Information, history of the rollout of the Euro, pictures of the coins and banknotes. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

9. The Euro for the euro. Information for organisations. Children's zone. Background to the euro. News and events. Partners' area. Click here to open http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. China To Let Companies Buy Foreign Currency; Yen, Dollar, Euro In of China Governor Zhou Xiaochuan said today the dollar, euro, yen and South Korean won are the main components of the currency basket used to http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

11. EURO Currency Converter, Foreign Currency Euro Conversion, Current Exchange Rate eurocalc, euro converter, Gratis euro Calculator, calculates currency euro and emu Questions answered on emu, economics, and the euro and web rings http://www.sysmod.com/eurocalc/eurocalc.php

Type the amount in the box for the currency you want to convert from. Click 'Convert' to see the equivalent in the other currencies. EuroCalc exchange rates updated document.write(updated) 14:15 CET from the ECB Currency Amount Currency Amount Euro U.S.A.: Dollar Japan: Yen Denmark: Crown Britain: Pound Sweden: Krone Switzerland:franc Iceland: Kronur Norway: Kroner Bulgaria: Leva Cyprus: Pound Czech: Koruny Estonia: Kroon Hungary: Forint Latvia: Lat Lithuania: Lita Malta: Lira Poland: Zloty Slovenia: Tolar Slovakia: Koruny Australia: Dollar Canada: Dollar Convert Show Rates Click here to add this converter to your Favorites Would you like to display this calculator on your web site? Contact us and if it meets our editorial guidelines , we'll email you the instructions. The old version showing the pre-2002 legacy European currencies may be accessed here Most popular euro links on the sysmod.com web site: EMU Index the general euro index page with a list of recommended books on the Euro Euro FAQ - answers questions on the technological challenges of euro transition Euro Software links : symbol, converters, calculators

12. European Monetary Union Costs and benefits of a common currency. http://homepage.ntlworld.com/peter.micklem/euro/euroindex.htm

Economic theory behind European Monetary Union (EMU) Quickjump Contents Fixed Exchange Rates Optimum Currency Areas Costs and Benefits European Monetary System Transition to EMU Fiscal Policy and EMU The European Central Bank Costs of UK Policy Bibliography European economic integration has created the largest trading block in the World. The most recent phase of this integration is European Monetary Union whereby twelve EU member states have united to form a single currency area. These pages offer a concise explanation of the economic theory behind the key aspects. Problems of fixed exchange rates Optimum Currency Areas Costs and Benefits of monetary integration The European Monetary System and anti-inflationary performance ... Sitemap s="na";c="na";j="na";f=""+escape(document.referrer) Page last modified March 2002. email

13. Euro Conversion FAQ For I.T. Systems, Euro Currency, Euro Archive This site describes emu, strategies, euro compliance specification, Answers to Frequently Asked Questions on the euro currency and the impact of the http://www.sysmod.com/eurofaq.htm

Systems Modelling Ltd. Euro/IT FAQ Home Spreadsheet Best Practices Consulting Book List ... Search Related Pages: BASDA Accreditation Euro Certification Euro Workshop Euro documents ... Euro software [ Euro/IT FAQ ] EMU/euro FAQ Euro web links National euro info E-Day 2002 ... Euro Articles Sections on this page: FAQ Mail list Rounding Triangulation ... Case Studies Euro conversion FAQ Answers to Frequently Asked Questions on the euro currency and the impact of the euro changeover on Information Technology. This page is maintained by Patrick O'Beirne of sysmod.com , author of the book+CD " Managing the Euro in Information Systems : Strategies for success" available from Amazon (The revision history of this document is at the bottom) Last update: June 2004, reformat tables Patrick O'Beirne also provides consulting services in spreadsheet model design, review, audit, and testing. Other euro-related pages in this web site Euro Conversion Calculator to convert currencies of all 25 EU Members EMU Index the general euro index page with a list of recommended books on the Euro Euro Software links : symbol, converters, calculators

14. EuroPolls Index: Debating European Economic And Monetary Union (EMU) | The Singl News and open online debate forum on the single european currency, the euro; features MEPS and pro and anti-emu organisations. http://www.europolls.co.uk/

Please click to visit gajarvis's Europolls web site. http://easyweb.easynet.co.uk/gajarvis/emudebate/index.htm

15. Economic And Financial Affairs - The Euro: Our Currency - Origins Of Euro Arrow Origins of the euro Final stage of emu birth of the euro The euro became the new currency for eleven Member States and a single monetary policy http://europa.eu.int/comm/economy_finance/euro/origins/origins_6_en.htm

en EUROPA European Commission Economic and Financial Affairs ... Origins of the euro Final stage of EMU - birth of the euro Contact Search Sitemap Notes and Coins ... FAQs Related Welcome Sitemap Glossary Contacts The €uro: Our Currency Origins of the euro: Final stage of EMU - birth of the euro 1 January 1999: Birth of the euro The euro became the new currency for eleven Member States and a single monetary policy was introduced under the authority of the ECB, heralding the third and final stage of monetary union. Legally, the participating national currencies had ceased to exist and became ‘non-decimal sub-divisions’ of the euro. Euro area financial markets switched to the euro, including foreign exchange, share and bond markets. New euro area government debt was exclusively issued in euro as from that day. The three year transition period before the introduction of euro notes and coins began, with the principle of ‘no compulsion, no prohibition’ meaning people and businesses had the freedom to carry out transactions in euro, but were under no obligation to do so. 20 June 2000: Decision on Greek membership of euro area EU Heads of State and Government meeting at the Feira European Council decided that Greece had fulfilled the convergence criteria and would join the euro from January 2001. The rate for conversion of Greek drachma to the euro was also announced.

16. XE.com - Information On The Euro Currency The european Economic and Monetary Union (emu) euro currency Unit Union (emu) decided to give up their own currencies and adopt the euro (EUR) currency http://www.xe.com/euro.htm

xe.com About the New "Euro" Currency http://www.xe.com/euro.htm Links XE.com Home Currency Services Site Map Tell a Friend Svenska Advertisement - To advertise on this page, click here The European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) Euro Currency Unit On January 1, 1999, eleven of the countries in the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU) decided to give up their own currencies and adopt the Euro (EUR) currency: Austria, Belgium, Finland, France, Germany, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands, Portugal, and Spain. Greece followed suit on January 1, 2001. The Vatican City also participated in the changeover. This changeover is now complete. It is worth noting that any place that previously used one or more of the currencies listed below has now also adopted the Euro. This applies to the Principality of Andorra, the Principality of Monaco, and the Republic of San Marino. This of course applies automatically to any territories, departments, possessions, or collectivities of Euro-zone countries, such as the Azores, Balearic Islands, the Canary Islands, Europa Island, French Guiana, Guadeloupe, Juan de Nova, the Madeira Islands, Martinique, Mayotte, Reunion, Saint-Martin, Saint Pierre and Miquelon, to name just a few. Euro bank notes and coins began circulating in the above countries on January 1, 2002. At that time, all transactions in those countries were valued in Euro, and the "old" notes and coins of these countries were gradually withdrawn from circulation. The precise dates that each "old" currency ceased being legal tender are noted in the table below.

17. The Euro - Europe's Single Common Currency The euro Official Home Page of the future single currency. The British Government s Policy on Economic and Monetary Union (emu) An outline of the http://www.ex.ac.uk/~RDavies/arian/euro.html

The Euro - Europe's Single Common Currency "If you think the speculators can't get at the countries within EMU, think again. It won't be long before our derivatives geniuses dream up a new synthetic currency. Where there is motive, there will always be opportunity." Linda Davies The quotation is from a speech on the Psychology of Risk, Speculation and Fraud , at a conference on the Future of European Monetary Union in Amsterdam. For the first time since the fall of the Roman Empire most of Europe has a single, common currency. The US dollar faces the first challenge to its hegemony since it displaced the British pound sterling as the world's most important currency after the First World War. However, if the Euro is to assume a wider role it will have to flourish in its own continent and survive challenges to the stability of European economies first. What are the prospects for European monetary union? This page contains links sources expressing a variety of viewpoints for and against.

18. The Euro Currency And EMU - Political Arguments For And Against The euro debate and the single currency Political Arguments For and Against. http://www.theeurodebate.co.uk/arguments/political.htm

The Euro Debate.co.uk feedback@TheEuroDebate.co.uk in English: TheBigProject.co.uk/news Should Britain join the European single currency? tell a friend Home Euro Facts - countries, coins and timetable The Road to the Euro ... Books about the euro Arguments - Political Introduction Political Economic Business/Trade For Against Consumers Precedents Links to in-depth analysis At almost every stage of the European Union's evolution Britain has adopted a cautious and hesitant stance, only to decide belatedly that closer involvement would be beneficial. The result has been then that during some of the most formative periods of the EU's development Britain has been on the outside and unable to influence events. Hardly surprising therefore that she so often seems at odds with the culture of the EU and its institutions, seeing them as being dominated by the Germans and the French. The euro is just another example of a phase of integration to which Britain will probably eventually sign up, but which she is currently having no say in shaping. The longer that Britain takes a sceptical approach to the euro the less likely that the project will evolve to her liking. Eurosceptics claim that the single currency is merely a step towards the political union of Europe and that by participating Britain would be tied-in to that process. There is no basis for this argument, since Britain would be under no obligation to develop closer political ties with the EU or to give up her sovereignty. Swapping the pound for the euro does not entail surrendering political independence.

19. The Euro Currency And EMU - Trade And Business; Arguments For And Against The euro debate and the single currency Trade and Business; Arguments For and Against. http://www.theeurodebate.co.uk/arguments/trade.htm

The Euro Debate.co.uk feedback@TheEuroDebate.co.uk in English: TheBigProject.co.uk/news Should Britain join the European single currency? Have Your Say Home Euro Facts - countries, coins and timetable The Road to the Euro ... Books about the euro Arguments - Trade Introduction Political Economic Business/Trade For Against Consumers Precedents Links to in-depth analysis By joining the single currency British businesses will enjoy the benefit of a fixed exchange rate with Britain's biggest single trading partner i.e. the eurozone. The benefit of a fixed exchange rate is that it provides companies with the ability to plan and budget for future activity and expansion since: a) It becomes possible to more accurately predict the future costs of producing goods in the UK for European markets by removing the factor of a potentially volatile exchange rate between the pound and the euro. b) The value of a transaction will not have changed due to currency fluctuations during the time that elapses between the signing of a deal and the receipt of payment. At present, a British company selling goods or services to a eurozone customer runs the risk of eventually receiving payment in a currency which has subsequently devalued against the pound.

20. European Monetary Union And The Euro Martin Ricketts, an emu consultants, has an online euro currency converter on his trilingual site promoting his emu booklet. http://www.stern.nyu.edu/~nroubini/Emu/Emu.htm

Homepage on European Monetary Union and the Euro Prepared by Nouriel Roubini This website is member of the V i s i t E u r o p e ! QUESTIONS FOR DISCUSSION NOTES ON EUROPE, EMU and EURO Recent articles from The Economist Click here to get the Economist articles Recent articles from the Financial Times A guide to EMU Peter Martin: Emu's new horizons Robert Chote: The euro-creature The Financial Time Page on EMU: a large collection of articles and materials (to access this page you need a free registration with the Financial Times that can be obtained cliking here US views on EMU Larry Summers: a view of the EMU from the US Treasury Robert Peston: Note of confusion on single currency in the UK ... UK: Government unity strained by Emu Recent articles from the Wall Street Journal Why Monetary Unions are Good foor Small Open Economies The Euro, Another Look: An Editorial Page Comment Can 11 Eurostates Find Harmony? Does It Matter? Recent analyses from the Morgan Stanley Global Economic Forum EMU Insights EMU: The Death of the Convergenge Trade EMU: Political Dynamics in the Euro-zone EMU: Three Challenges for Fiscal Policies (I) ... EMU: Inflation and The ECB's Credibility WEB LINKS TO EURO and EMU RESOURCES (from the Financial Times EMU homepage) Organisations: The European Monetary Institute web site provides an overview of the institute and contact addresses.

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