61. Violent Behavior And The Brain - Do We Know It All? Further research on the biological causes of violent behavior has pointed This research demonstrates a link between brain damage and criminal violence http://serendip.brynmawr.edu/bb/neuro/neuro98/202s98-paper1/Katz.html

This paper reflects the research and thoughts of a student at the time the paper was written for a course at Bryn Mawr College. Like other materials on Serendip , it is not intended to be "authoritative" but rather to help others further develop their own explorations. Web links were active as of the time the paper was posted but are not updated Contribute Thoughts Search Serendip for Other Papers Serendip Home Page Biology 202 ... 1998 First Web Reports On Serendip Violent Behavior and the Brain - Do we know it all? Ingrid Katz The DMZ, which runs through Central Vietnam is a place where undisputed violence was unleashed for over a decade in the late sixties and early seventies. During the year that I worked in Vietnam, I often returned to this spot to watch the American Veterans, who would stand at the top of Marble Mountain, withered, with vacant stares out towards the stretch of beach known only to the Americans as China. It was mystifying to consider the sharp contrast that must have seemed all too apparent to them as the sounds of war loomed in their memories and the calm ocean stretched out before them now so serenely. It was then that I first started to consider what causes man to become so enraged as to commit atrocities of the mind, body and soul. Violence - pure and simple, is intrinsic to humanity. It almost goes unnoticed as a way of life in many communities. Drive through North Philadelphia on a spring afternoon and witness what appears to be life disappearing, receding under the concrete and graffiti. Look closer and witness the bullet holes in the walls of homes and cars. Still, there are other communities, such as North Brooklyn, where the rate of crime has been diminishing for the past twenty-five years. It seems, in fact, that violent crime does not behave as predicted. Social scientists have begun to suggest that, in fact, violent crime needs to be viewed much like an infectious disease. Simultaneously, neurobiologists have developed intricate research models and techniques to examine whether or not there are biological triggers that cause individuals to act violently.

62. Paper On Genetics And Criminal Responsibility There seems to be evidence of a genetic component in criminal behavior. we might discover social and environmental causes for criminal behavior, http://www.philosophy.umd.edu/Faculty/PGreenspan/Res/gen3.html

GENES, ELECTROTRANSMITTERS, AND FREE WILL Click for abstract P. S. Greenspan University of Maryland pg20@umail.umd.edu There seems to be evidence of a genetic component in criminal behavior. It is widely agreed not to be "deterministic"by which discussions outside philosophy seem to mean that by itself it is not sufficient to determine behavior. Environmental factors make a decisive differencefor that matter, there are nongenetic biological factorsin whether and how genetic endowment manifests itself phenotypically. Moreover, even if its manifestation were inevitable, its bearing on criminal behavior apparently turns on general personality traits on the order of "impulsivity" that under different conditions of life could take very different forms. My concern in this paper is not with "genetic determinism"; it should be obvious that the notion makes sense only if determinism admits of more limited (and less worrisome) forms than the one involving universal causal necessitation that philosophers have in mind by the term. Instead I want to ask whether current accounts of the link between genes and criminal behavior would manage to undermine free will anyway, even apart from worries about determinism. I shall eventually suggest that some of the other terms in this area should also be pried apart. In particular, the genetic accounts in question may well be thought to undermine freedom and yet to allow for responsibility in the sense of blameworthiness. Omitting reference to issues raised by the philosophic literature (but inserting some parenthetical cautions against misinterpretation), my discussion can be summed up in capsule form as follows:

63. Marijuana And Hemp Story Prohibition Causes Harm (Page 8 Of 10) Prohibition is the number one cause of America s exploding prison population . but adult use of marijuana is considered criminal behavior. Why? http://www.cannabis.com/untoldstory/hemp_8.shtml

DOES PROHIBITION CAUSE MORE HARM THAN MARIJUANA? Recently, narcotics officers raided the house of a suspected marijuana dealer in Wisconsin. The unarmed suspect, who offered no resistance, was shot to death in front of his 7-year-old son . His crime? Possession of 1 ounce of marijuana. In Oklahoma, a wheelchair-bound paraplegic who used medicinal marijuana to control muscle spasms caused by his broken back was sentenced to 10 years in prison . His crime? Possession of 2 ounces of marijuana. Another Oklahoma man is serving 75 years in prison for growing only 5 marijuana plants. (These are not misprints.) Prohibition is the number one cause of America's exploding prison population. Many non-violent drug offenders are now serving longer prison sentences than murderers, rapists, and other violent criminals. It costs taxpayers $30,000 per year to imprison just one non-violent drug offender. Politicians are spending billions of tax dollars to build new prisons and jails so more and more non-violent drug offenders can be warehoused. Meanwhile, funding for education and other services are being strained. Reducing drug abuse is a desirable goal, but law enforcement methods used to obtain that goal are counterproductive. Prohibition costs billions to enforce, creates a black market that generates violence and corruption, and makes criminals out of millions of productive and harmless adults. Adult use of alcohol and tobacco is accepted, but adult use of marijuana is considered criminal behavior. Why?

64. Online Master Of Advanced Study In Criminology, Law And Society - The Department The Department of Criminology, Law and Society focuses on the causes, manifestations,and consequences of criminal behavior; methods of controlling criminal http://www.seweb.uci.edu/distance/mas-cls/about.php

QuickLinks Online Master's in CLS Home About CLS Dept Program Overview ... Tell Me More! The Dept. of Criminology, Law and Society School of Social Ecology University of California, Irvine Irvine, CA 92697-7080 Introduction The Department of Criminology, Law and Society focuses on the causes, manifestations, and consequences of criminal behavior; methods of controlling criminal behavior; and the relationships and interactions between law, social structure and cultural practices. Courses include overviews of American legal systems, forms of criminal behavior, legal theory, social science and the law, criminological theory, victimology, and regulatory issues, in addition to substantive areas of law such as family, criminal, environmental, immigration, procedural, and constitutional law. The Department of Criminology, Law and Society (CLS) has established itself as one of the nation's top programs in criminology, criminal justice, and legal studies. Established as a formal department with it's own Ph.D. program in 1992 within the School of Social Ecology, CLS faculty have trained numerous undergraduate and graduate students over almost three decades. Graduates work in both the public and private sectors, and at colleges and universities around the country. The CLS curriculum offers a broad array of topics for both undergraduate and graduate study which are central to crime and its control, social policy, and the law. In keeping with one of the main tenets of Social Ecology, faculty and students approach these subjects from a multidisciplinary perspective.

65. Demon Possession Handbook: Part 2, Causes And Effects Demons and criminal behavior Ted Bundy and Jeffrey Dahmer possession demonscause violent criminal behavior in what may otherwise be normal people. http://diskbooks.org/part2.html

Share the Gospel with the children of the world for just pennies! One US dollar will provide the Book of Hope to three children. ... The Passion of the Christ? Part 2: Causes and Effects of Demon Possession Demon Possession Handbook for Human Service Workers DiskBooks One Click to request a free download of Demon Possession Handbook Your Right to Know the Facts before You Kill Your Baby Adoption versus Abortion J. F. "Jeff" Cogan Click to use Sublingual B-12 and make money while you do! Kudos from Readers Main Table of Contents ... Kudos from Readers Table of Contents for Part 2: Causes and Effects of Demon Possession 1. Interest in the occult 2. Demonic favors 3. Demonic games Columbine HS Massacre ... 9. Demons and criminal behavior (Portions of an execution-eve interview between Ted Bundy and Dr. James Dobson) 10. Sex crimes against children 11. Repressed childhood memories of sexual molestation 12. Rise of Suicide among Teenagers ... 16 What about psychic hotlines? Click to learn about . . . Listening to Christian Internet Radio 24/7 World-wide One Click to request a free download of Demon Possession Handbook Table of Contents for Part 2: Causes and Effects of Demon Possession 1. Interest in the occult

66. STATS First, no one knows what causes criminal behavior. The study looked at riskfactors, not causes. But a statistical association does not mean that the http://www.stats.org/record.jsp?type=news&ID=250

67. The Graduate School At NDSU criminal Justice, Deviant behavior, Social Disorganization, Evaluation Research Assumptions, causes, and policy implications of criminological theories. http://www.ndsu.edu/gradschool/bulletin/d_criminal.html

HOME BULLETIN RESEARCH GENERAL INFORMATION ... APPLY ONLINE Graduate Faculty Criminal Justice Faculty Carol Archbold, Ph.D. University of Nebraska-Omaha, 2002 Research Interests: Police Studies, Race and the Criminal Justice System, Alternative Dispute Resolution and the Criminal Justice System, Qualitative Research Methods Jeffrey A. Bouffard, Ph.D. University of Maryland, 2000 Research Interests: Correctional Rehabilitation, Crime Prevention, Rational Choice Theory, Community Corrections Leana Allen Bouffard, Ph.D. University of Maryland, 2001 Research Interests: Life course theory, Quantitative Methods, Military Service and offending, Violence against Women Thomas D. McDonald, Ph.D. Southern Illinois University, 1972 Research Interests: Criminal Justice, Deviant Behavior, Social Disorganization, Evaluation Research Kevin M. Thompson, Ph.D. University of Arizona, 1986 Research Interests: Delinquency, Quantitative Methods, Alcohol and Drugs, Juvenile Drug Courts

68. Criminology (CJA 330) Online Course - ELearners.com This course highlights the causes of crime, criminal behavior systems, societalreaction to crime, and criminological methods of inquiry. http://www.elearners.com/course/40335.htm

Criminology (CJA 330) Online Course Information Criminology (CJA 330) Social Sciences Criminal Justice Course Title: Criminology (CJA 330) School: University of Phoenix Online Description: Criminology is an introductory course in the study of crime and criminal behavior, focusing on the various theories of crime causation. This course highlights the causes of crime, criminal behavior systems, societal reaction to crime, and criminological methods of inquiry. Topics and Objectives include: What Is Criminology?, Research Methods, Theory Development, and Patterns of Crime, Classical and Neo-Classical Thought, Biological Roots of Criminal Behavior, Psychological and Psychiatric Foundations of Criminal Behavior, Social Structure Theories and Social Process Theories, Conflict Theories, Types of Crime, The High-Tech Offender, Criminology, Social Policy, and Future Directions. Learning Format: Online Education Level: Undergraduate - upper Language: English Credits: Institutional Accrediting Agency: North Central Association of Colleges and Schools Address: 3157 E. Elwood Street

69. Democracy Project: Democracy Project The Real Root causes . Just a day after I posted on the ongoing British crime we try to understand criminal behavior and take action against criminals, http://www.democracy-project.com/archives/000993.html

Home Mission People Grassroots ... Links Podcasts: Declaration of Independence info@democracy-project.com P.O. Box 9316 Wilmington, DE 19809 Powered by MovableType 3.15 Syndicate RSD RSS 1.0 RSS 2.0 Support the Democracy Project: var site="s12demproj" My Ecosystem Details January 5, 2005 The Real "Root Causes" Just a day after I posted on the ongoing British crime wave , it's a pleasure to report that Wilmington, Del., mayor James Baker understands the real causes of crime as thoroughly as do the scholars at Civitas , the British nonprofit responsible for a critical report on Britain's approach to fighting crime. In his second inaugural address, Mayor Baker drove straight to the heart of the urban crime problem; James Q. Wilson couldn't have put it any better. Some of the pertinent text can be found in this morning's Wilmington News-Journal . But the entire speech, about 2,800 words, is peppered with wise insights. It isn't online yet, but the Mayor's communications director was kind enough to forward a copy of it, and you may access it by clicking on the "Read more" link at the bottom of this post. Here are some choice excerpts: And: Shakespeare wrote, “The voice of parents is the voice of God’s. For to their children, they are heaven’s lieutenants.” I believe that if our children are left to gather their knowledge of life from their peers or from popular culture from entertainment or media, then only ignorance and despair will prevail. We constantly hear give them jobs, centers, and more recreational programs, as if these will answer the problems we see with us today, showing gross ignorance of the real problems. If not these demands, it is just give us more police, another misunderstanding of the real problem.

70. Free Will often couched in terms of responsibility for moral and criminal behavior. The sequence of causes leading to a person being blown off a cliff by the http://skepdic.com/freewill.html

Robert Todd Carroll SkepDic.com Click to order from Amazon free will Free will is probably located in the pre-frontal cortex, and we may even be able to narrow it down to the ventromedial pre-frontal cortex. Stephen Pinker, How the Mind Works We don't have free will, but we do have free won't. Richard Gregory (quoted in Blackmore, Consciousness: An Introduction p. 131) Free will is a concept in traditional philosophy used to refer to the belief that human behavior is not absolutely determined by external causes, but is the result of choices made by an act of will by the agent. Such choices are themselves not determined by external causes, but are determined by the motives and intentions of the agent, which themselves are not absolutely determined by external causes. Traditionally, those who deny the existence of free will look to fate, supernatural powers, or material causes as the determinants of human behavior. Free will advocates, or libertarians

71. The Criminal Justice System And Individuals With ADD/ ADHD LD What are the causes of criminal behavior? Is there a link to certain disabilities?Answers to these questions and information concerning disabilities may http://www.add.org/articles/cjaddld.html

72. Web Abstracts Results demonstrated (a) higher rates of criminal behavior (ie, general delinquency Research findings regarding the causes and treatment of delinquency, http://www.musc.edu/fsrc/Publications/abstractdelinquent.htm

Delinquency Publications Delinquency Delinquency refers to illegal activities committed by a minor. Such acts can be divers on their seriousness and their effects on others. At the low end of seriousness continuum are status offenses, which are behaviors that are not illegal if performed by an adult (e.g., truancy, running away). At the upper end of the continuum are serious criminal offenses, such as robbery, rape, and aggravated assault. In the middle range are illegal activities such as burglary, disorderly conduct, and petty larceny. This chapter focuses on the criminal activities found in the middle to the upper range of the seriousness continuum. A detailed explication of the conclusions reached in this chapter can be obtained in two recent reviews of the literature on delinquency. The Family Relations, Peer Relations, and Criminal Activities of Caucasian and Hispanic-American Gang Members Assessing Violent Offending in Serious Juvenile Offenders The convergent validity of the two most frequently used methods for assessing violent offending in juveniles (i.e., self-reports and arrests) was evaluated. Participants were 87 serious juveniles and their maternal figures, primarily from disadvantaged families. Validation measures tapped established behavioral, family, and peer correlates of delinquency. Results failed to support the ability of either arrests for violent crimes or self-reported violent offenses to index violent criminal behavior accurately. Several methodological features of the study support our hypothesis that the findings were not spurious. Procedural and conceptual implications of the findings are discussed.

73. Crime, Police, And Root Causes The observed relation might suggest that police cause crime. the effectprobably reflects a higher productivity of criminal behavior relative to that of http://www.cato.org/pubs/pas/pa-218.html

Home About Us Experts Newsroom ... Contribute Search Advanced Search Help Publications Books Policy Studies Regulation Cato Audio ... White Papers Contribute Click here to learn more about supporting the Cato Institute. Liberty on the Web Elcato.org (Spanish) Misbahalhurriyya.org (Arabic) Cato.ru (Russian) Cato Offerings Pocket Constitution Email Updates Cato Audio Cato Store ... Cato University September 20, 2005 Daily Commentary Offset Opportunity by Chris Edwards Archives Today's Hot Topic Hurricane Katrina Daily Dispatch Americans Reach into Their Pockets School Choice for Katrina Displaced North Korea: Two Steps Forward, One Step Back Archives Cato Policy Analysis No. 218 November 14, 1994 Crime, Police, and Root Causes by William A. Niskanen William A. Niskanen is chairman of the Cato Institute and editor of Regulation magazine. Executive Summary This paper presents a statistical analysis of the relations between crime rates and the level of public safety resources, controlling for the major conditions that affect each variable. Major findings include the following. * Crime in the United States is much higher than that reported to police but has probably not increased over the past 20 years.

74. Criminology and ideological factors in the causes and treatment of criminal behaviors . Surveys programs designed to reduce criminal behavior and risk factors http://www.sou.edu/cgi/deptcat5.cgi?dept=CRIM&year=2005

75. NCAHF - Position Paper On Diet And Criminal Behavior Diet and criminal behavior, National Council Against Health Fraud Position Paper . brain allergies are a major cause of violence and criminal behavior. http://www.ncahf.org/pp/diet.html

NCAHF Position Paper on Diet and Criminal Behavior The National Council Against Health Fraud (NCAHF) believes that misinformation is presently being used to exploit some popular beliefs that are not factual. We therefore endorse the following statements: Nutritionally adequate and acceptable diets should be available for all institutionalized individuals. Nutritional adequacy must be determined on the basis of accepted dietary principles. Valid evidence is lacking to support the claim that diet is an important determinant in the development of violence and criminal behavior. Valid evidence is lacking to support the hypothesis that reactive hypoglycemia is a common cause of violent behavior. Inappropriate dietary treatment based on unfounded beliefs about the relationships between diet and criminal behavior can have harmful effects. It can result in nutritional deficiencies and/or excesses. It can detract from efforts toward identification of effective treatment and prevention of the true causes of aberrant behavior. It can lead to the dangerous belief that diet, rather than the individual, has control over and responsibility for his/her behavior.

76. Social Biology: Human Ecology, Crime, And Crime Control: Linking Individual Beha The ecological paradigm is useful for understanding the behavior of animals, for understanding criminal behavior and crime control holistically. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3998/is_200304/ai_n9188061

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Social Biology Spring 2003 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for ASA News ASEE Prism Academe African American Review ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Human Ecology, Crime, and Crime Control: Linking Individual Behavior and Aggregate Crime Social Biology Spring 2003 by Savage, Joanne Vila, Bryan Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. ABSTRACT: The paper extends previous research published by Cohen, Machalek, Vila, and others on the evolutionary-ecological paradigm for understanding criminal behavior. After reviewing literature related to human ecology and crime, the paper focuses on elements relevant to human ecology-biology, development, and ecological factors-and their role in criminal behavior. Major emphasis is placed on the linkages between individual factors and macro-level crime using chronic offending as a case in point. The principles of evolutionary ecology then are used to discuss counterstrategies to crime, and the prospects for protection/avoidance, deterrent, and nurturant strategies in light of evidence on chronic offending. INTRODUCTION

77. NATURE AND CAUSES OF CRIME NATURE AND causes OF CRIME. Thesis the intention behind an action, On theother hand many criminal behaviors are not considered bad while many http://www.termpapergenie.com/nature_crime.html

NATURE AND CAUSES OF CRIME Home About Term Papers Categories FAQs ... Custom Term Papers Can't find your paper Click here to get a custom non-plagiarized term paper from a top research company NATURE AND CAUSES OF CRIME Thesis: the intention behind an action, impact of the social culture, psychological development and many other factors plays an important role to determine the actions of a person to be criminal or deviant. However, many actions, which are basically illegal but due to certain circumstances are not considered to be criminal and deviant. Similarly certain deviant behaviors are not taken as deviant offences due to various logical and just reasons. Crime is related to the violation of rules and law of any state while deviance is concerned with the violation of social norms. However, social norms differ from culture to culture and are the codes of conduct that any specific culture considers to be normal. For instance, in the Muslim countries sexual intercourse with out the bond of marriage is a crime while in the western part of the globe this is the social right of every individual and not a crime if done with mutual consent.

78. Psychology Today Primed For Crime There s lots of criminal behavior that is not seen in the criminal system o Are poor parenting practices the cause of conduct disorders or are there http://cms.psychologytoday.com/articles/pto-19930701-000008.html

79. Psychology Today S Conditions Center Compulsive Gambling Severe family problems, financial ruin, and criminal behavior to support thehabit may result. The cause for this behavior is unknown. http://cms.psychologytoday.com/conditions/gambling.html

80. Encyclopedia Of Criminology Examination of the various factors that cause or are associated with crime. These essays examine the extent and types of criminal behavior, http://www.routledge-ny.com/ref/criminology/introduction.html

(Note: Introduction is taken from uncorrected proofs. Changes may be made prior to publication.) Crime and the threat of victimization are inescapable realities of contemporary society. Crime is so commonplace that prevention and security measures are viewed as natural and necessary precautions in both public and private life. A considerable and growing percentage of public resources are allocated for juvenile delinquency prevention initiatives, law enforcement training and technology, corrections, substance abuse treatment and numerous other aspects of criminal justice. Crime has also spawned privatized security, loss prevention, investigation, and rehabilitation industries, indicators of a socially embedded problem that cannot be altogether remedied by public efforts. The Encyclopedia of Criminology presents contributions that reflect the field's multidisciplinary composition and its theoretical and methodological plurality. The primary objective is to provide a comprehensive, digestible, and authoritative overview of traditional and contemporary topics that comprise criminology in a single reference publication. Previously focused primarily on theoretical concerns, criminology today is broadly oriented, from continued attention to the causes of crime, their interrelationships, and exploration of criminal processes to the address of crime, typically approached along the three prongs of the criminal justice system, law enforcement, the courts, and corrections.

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