61. Criminal Law In The Legal Research Guide Interpol publishes crime statistics in four languages for Interpol member countries. United States sentencing Commission. 12 May 2003. http://www.virtualchase.com/resources/criminal_law.html

Teaching Legal Professionals How To Do Research Home Legal Research Guide Legal Subjects Criminal Law What is criminal law? The resources listed below deal with laws or procedures related to investigating, prosecuting or defending criminals or criminal activity. Find related government agencies Find criminal records 9-11 Commission Report 16 February 2005. Information management company askSam reproduces the text of the 9-11 Commission Report. You can browse it by section or search it by keyword. Search results display with keywords in context. This helpful free resource illustrates the capabilities of askSam's database software. (et) ACLU Legislative Update 21 August 2003. The American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) makes available information about pending legislation on several hot topics, including criminal justice, death penalty, drug policy, free speech and more. Browse the collection by issue or ACLU region. Stay up-to-date with these issues by requesting to receive email updates. (gk) American Antitrust Institute 22 January 2002 , revised 6 May 2005.

62. MeL Justice Crime crime in the United States FBI Annual publication in which the FBI compiles volume Federal sentencing Statistics by State - US sentencing Commission http://web.mel.org/viewtopic.jsp?id=2157&pathid=2659

63. Youth Crime In a 1998 study, 77% of Canadians believed that sentencing of young Youth crime is not a new issue in Canada. The Young Offenders Act came into force in http://142.206.72.67/04/04b/04b_002b_e.htm

@import "/_css/cyb_extra.css"; The State The legal system Crime in Canada Site Map Youth crime See also... Violent crime Youth crime Impaired driving Fraud Crime and technology Most Canadians believe youth crime is on the rise and rank it as a high priority for the justice system. In a 1998 study, 77% of Canadians believed that sentencing of young offenders was too lenient. Youth crime is not a new issue in Canada. The Young Offenders Act came into force in 1984 to make 12- to 17-year-olds more accountable for their actions, replacing the Juvenile Delinquents Act of 1908. Young offender There was a sharp rise in violent crime by youth from 1988 to 1995. As a result, the public’s scrutiny of the law increased. The Young Offenders Act was amended in 1995 to lengthen the maximum sentence for first-degree murder committed by a youth to 10 years and second-degree murder to a maximum seven-year term. Other amendments automatically transferred 16- and 17-year olds charged with violent offences to adult court. On April 1, 2003, the

64. New Jersey Commission To Review Criminal Sentencing - Resources policy issues related to crime and justice. United States sentencing Commission The United States sentencing Commission is an independent agency in the http://sentencing.nj.gov/resources.html

The World Wide Web contains an enormous wealth of information about sentencing policy, law and practice, as well as information about private and public institutions actively engaged in sentencing reform. The New Jersey Commission to Review Criminal Sentencing is committed to bringing information on sentencing to the public, researchers, policy makers and practitioners from a range of viewpoints. Please be advised that the posting of a particular link does not reflect an endorsement of the views or representations contained therein by the Commission. Legal Resources Additional Resources Bureau of Justice Statistics Government. This data is critical to Federal, State, and local policymakers in combating crime and ensuring that justice is both efficient and evenhanded. New Jersey Department of Corrections Compiled statistical reports on offender data can be accessed at this site. Specifically, the New Jersey Department of Corrections maintains statistics on the following: total residents in N.J. State Correctional Institutions, Offenders by Base Offense, Offenders by Total Term at Admission, Offenders by Mandatory Minimum Term, Offenders by Age Group, Offenders by Race/Ethnic Identification, and Offenders by County of Commitment. Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Reports The Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program was conceived in 1929 by the International Association of Chiefs of Police to meet a need for reliable, uniform crime statistics for the nation. In 1930, the FBI was tasked with collecting, publishing, and archiving those statistics. Today, several annual statistical publications, such as the comprehensive

65. Juristat 11 crime comparisons between Canada and the United States 1 sentencing in adult provincial courts A Study of Nine Canadian Jurisdictions 1993 1994 http://www.statcan.ca/cgi-bin/downpub/listpub.cgi?catno=85-002-XIE

66. Juristat 11 crime comparisons between Canada and the United States, preview, (PDF 188K) 1 sentencing in adult provincial courts A Study of Nine Canadian http://www.statcan.ca/cgi-bin/downpub/subscribe.cgi?catno=85-002-XIE

67. Reported Incidents, Convictions, Incarceration And Sentencing In Relation To Ill In the same year, the province with the lowest reported drug crime rate was sentencing. For the year 199697, 64% of persons convicted of drug http://www.parl.gc.ca/37/1/parlbus/commbus/senate/com-e/ille-e/library-e/gerald1

REPORTED INCIDENTS, CONVICTIONS, INCARCERATION AND SENTENCING IN RELATION TO ILLEGAL DRUGS IN CANADA  Prepared For The Senate Special Committee On Illegal Drugs Gérald Lafrenière Law and Government Division 23 May 2002 LIBRARY OF PARLIAMENT REPORTED INCIDENTS, CONVICTIONS, INCARCERATION AND SENTENCING IN RELATION TO ILLEGAL DRUGS IN CANADA INTRODUCTION This paper provides a brief overview of Canadian statistics dealing with reported incidents, convictions, incarceration and sentencing in relation to illegal drug offences in Canada. Most of the information contained in it was obtained from publications prepared by the Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics. Some of the information presented in this paper must be carefully interpreted. While it would be easy to use this information as a basis for drawing conclusions in relation to drug use and the demand for illegal drugs in Canada, it is generally thought that crime statistics reported by police are a reflection of police activity. Thus, these numbers often relate to changes in police tactics and priorities, and are not generally reflective of societal changes.

68. Crime And Law Enforcement - Refdesk.com Hate crime Report from the FBI. Homicide Trends in the United States - This site US sentencing Commission - download Commission research reports and http://www.refdesk.com/crime.html

Search Net Facts Subject Index Facts Encyclopedia Newspapers USA/World ... HOME Search the Web Search Tips Help Support Refdesk FACTS ENCYCLOPEDIA CRIME AND LAW ENFORCEMENT 360-degrees - Perspectives on the U.S. Criminal Justice System Alcatraz Island - offering a close-up look at the historic and infamous federal prison where isolation was a constant of island life. Bureau of Justice Statistics - comprehensive collection of statistics about U.S. crime, victims, criminals, courts, police, jails and prisons. Cop Quest - law enforcement resource for public safety personnel. Cop Net - designed specifically to facilitate the sharing of information between the law enforcement community and the citizens they protect. Cops On Line - action shots of police on the job and memorials for those who've paid ultimate price. Corrections Connection, The - online network for corrections and criminal justice professionals; including associations, prisons, sheriffs, and correctional officers. Crime Coverage - annotated links to online sites that cover various aspects of crime, from the U.S. Bureau of Justice Statistics to the Office for Victims of Crime to the UN Crime and Justice Information Network Crime Magazine - Billing itself as "an encyclopedia of crime," this online magazine features stories on current events as well as analyses of criminal history.

69. TalkLeft: Predicting Future Criminality For Sentencing Purposes The Sunday New York Times Magazine has an article, sentencing by the Numbers, and how some states, like Virginia, now are using crime statistics for the http://talkleft.com/new_archives/009184.html

Premium Blog Ad Blog Ads TalkLeft Classifieds Stats var site="s11talkleft" Distinct visitors The pump don't work 'cause the vandals took the handles Main Sunday :: January 02, 2005 Predicting Future Criminality for Sentencing Purposes The Sunday New York Times Magazine has an article, Sentencing by the Numbers , discussing the junk science of predicting future criminality, and how some states, like Virginia, now are using crime statistics for the same purpose in deciding the length of sentences: In 2002, the Commonwealth of Virginia began putting such data to use: the state encourages its judges to sentence nonviolent offenders the way insurance agents write policies, based on a short list of factors with a proven relationship to future risk. If a young, jobless man is convicted of shoplifting, the state is more likely to recommend prison time than when a middle-aged, employed woman commits the same crime. ....It's not a foregone conclusion that Virginia's method of sentencing is permissible under the Constitution, though no young male offender has brought a court challenge so far. Age and sex are what the law calls ''immutable characteristics,'' and it's a fundamental principle of antidiscrimination law that the government has to tread carefully when it treats people differently because of qualities that are beyond their control. (Being married or holding a job are different, but not entirely so, since these statuses reflect people's opportunities as well as their preferences.) Grits for Breakfast has more criticism of the policy, warning it could violate equal protection guarantees.

70. TalkLeft: The Next Crime Wave and tough sentencing laws are responsible for the drop in crime rate In recent years, 25 states have eased sentencing policies and reinstated early http://talkleft.com/new_archives/005644.html

Premium Blog Ad Blog Ads TalkLeft Classifieds Stats var site="s11talkleft" Distinct visitors The pump don't work 'cause the vandals took the handles Main Saturday :: March 13, 2004 The Next Crime Wave The New York Times has an editorial, Creating the Next Crime Wave that debunks the theory that prosecutors and tough sentencing laws are responsible for the drop in crime rate: The United States has the largest, most expensive and fastest-growing prison system in the world, and it may be unsustainable over the long run. Faced with a national price tag for corrections that exceeds $50 billion per year, states are being forced to re-evaluate the stiff sentencing policies that drove up the prison population to more than 2 million, from 200,000 three decades ago. In recent years, 25 states have eased sentencing policies and reinstated early release and treatment programs for drug offenders, now about a quarter of the nation's prisoners....Over the last decade, national crime rates fell sharply. Prosecutors and the police rushed to take credit, arguing that crime had gone down because criminals had been locked up. If society hopes to maintain that welcome drop in crime, whatever its causes, it must now confront the fact that mass imprisonment creates a huge population of ex-convicts. About 600,000 hit the streets each year with no skills, no place to live and few family connections. These former offenders are almost always ruled out of consideration for decent jobs and are further marginalized by laws that bar them from getting student loans or driver's licenses, from voting and from becoming tenants in public housing developments. Many revert to lawlessness and end up back in prison within a few brief years.

71. Crime And Punishment -- Ready Reference Mandatory Minimum sentencing Definitions and a list of crimes for which Measure 11 Judicial Disposition/sentencing Authority A report of how states are http://www.open.org/~dallashs/crime.htm

Dallas High School Library Supports the academic and personal interests of our students Library Home Search Engines Current Events Reference ... Faculty Crime and Punishment Library Home Current Events Crime and Punishment LInks accurate as of 03-14-05 Gangs Youth Crime Media Violence Sentencing ... Death Penalty Youth Crime Parent Liability: The Basics Though primarily aimed at parents, this Q and A sheds some light on parental liability laws. Parental Responsibility Laws The Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention reports on cases and legislation regarding juvenile crimes requiring parents to make restitution and/or face legal action. Each state or local agency can make their own laws about parent responsibility, but the U.S. does not have a national law. Violence as a Biomedical Problem What causes violent behavior? This report concludes that brain chemistry and other physiological factors may influence aggressive acts. Juvenile Justice Center From The American Bar Association, this site is most useful for its current events pages. Use the site map to find the latest news from the states in their fights against youth crime.

72. NSW Election 2003 - Smh.com.au Mandatory sentencing has already been introduced in Western Australia and the The latest round of crime statistics, due to be released in early March, http://www.smh.com.au/articles/2003/01/26/1043533953106.html

Home National News NSW Election News Monday February 24, 2003 national column 8 spike world ... place an ad extra personal finance travel education subscribe home delivery eNewsletter archives today's edition: am past 10 days site guide Scaring up the votes January 27 2003 Bob Carr and John Brogden share an unstated hope - that crime does pay. In the March 22 election, they expect a dividend of votes from their efforts to exploit community anxiety about criminals. Paola Totaro reports. Mark Findlay remembers the moment vividly. Mid-interview with a "prominent Sydney radio talkback host", the professor of criminology and deputy director of Sydney University's Institute of Criminology was asked why judges in NSW were sentencing fewer people to jail for shorter periods of time. "I told him he was wrong on both counts and in fact, that very day, the Judicial Commission had released new statistics which clearly showed that the reverse was true," says Findlay. "His response was that the stats didn't matter because that's not what the public believe. "What that demonstrated to me was not that the public are stupid nor that the talkback host is particularly cynical. What it showed clearly to me is that the facts about these issues are simply not getting out there.

73. Sexual Assault Sentencing - Online Lawyer Source Information on Sexual Assault sentencing from Online Lawyer Source. Any form of sexual assault is a crime, and only the perpetrator is guilty of taking http://www.onlinelawyersource.com/criminal_law/sexual_assault/sentencing.html

Bookmark Site Refer-a-Friend Print Page Home ... Other Practice Areas Sexual Assault Sexual Assault Sentencing Statistics Victims Criminal Law Select Your State Alaska Alabama Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware D.C. Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Puerto Rico Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Wyoming Legal Resources Contact Our Webmaster Vioxx Lawsuit Settlement Bextra Side Effects ... Zyprexa Side Effects Sexual Assault Sentencing Contact a Criminal Lawyer or State AL AK AZ AR CA CO CT DE DC FL GA HI ID IL IN IA KS KY LA ME MD MA MI MN MS MO MT NE NV NH NJ NM NY NC ND OH OK OR PA PR RI SC SD TN TX UT VT VA WA WV WI WY Despite the high number of sexual assaults that occur in the United States every year, less than half of those arrested for rape are convicted, and 54 percent of all rape prosecutions end in dismissal or acquittal. An FBI Uniform Crime Report from 1990 estimated up to 10 times more than the number of rapes reported actually occurs. Sexual assault, in legal terms, is any forced sexual contact that includes unwanted touching to actual penetration. The National Crime Victimization Survey estimated that 500,000 persons were sexually assaulted in the United States between 1992 and 1993, with 28 percent accounting for attempted rapes and over 33 percent being completed sexually traumatizing assaults. Considering that such a small percentage of rapes and sexual assaults are even reported to begin with, the actual number of sexual assault sentencing accounts for just a small percentage of perpetrators.

74. Pikoli: Response To Articles On Crime Statistics And Conviction Rate Most importantly, the mandatory minimum sentencing legislation (sections 5154 The report is limited to only some targeted crimes; namely murder, rape, http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2003/03081113461002.htm

Home MEDIA RELEASE BY ADV V PIKOLI, DIRECTOR-GENERAL OF THE DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE AND CONSTITUTIONAL DEVELOPMENT, IN RESPONSE TO ARTICLES IN THE STAR NEWSPAPER ("CRIME PAYS, VICTIMS SUFFER", 5 AUGUST 2003; "GOVT ACCUSED OF DODGING CRIME REALITIES - CRIMINALS MORE PROTECTED THAN CITIZENS", 6 AUGUST 2003) In recent statements appearing in various newspapers Government has been accused of dodging crime realities and the impression was created that criminals are more protected than citizens. A research document published by the SA Law Reform Commission (SALRC) is used to support these allegations. The above-mentioned articles are clearly more aimed at sensationalism and politics than at informing the public about what is really happening. These statements fail to give the full picture, are misleading and based on selective reporting: * Most importantly these articles seem to portray that the research reflects the latest crime statistics and conviction rate. * The articles failed to give the background to the research report. * They never mentioned the purpose of the research, the fact that the research was limited or that the report acknowledged in detail that there were concerns with the reliability of the data which was used in the report.

75. Cannabisnews.com: Crime Rate Dropped, But Sentencing Grew Tougher crime Rate Dropped, but sentencing Grew Tougher arrests The number of people behind bars in the United States grew by nearly 77 percent in the 1990s, http://www.cannabisnews.com/news/thread10604.shtml

  Crime Rate Dropped, but Sentencing Grew Tougher Posted by FoM on August 13, 2001 at 10:24:26 PT By Ana Radelat, Gannett News Service  Source: Cincinnati Enquirer The number of people behind bars in the United States grew by nearly 77 percent in the 1990s, but the rise in the nation's prison population seems to be leveling off, a Justice Department study released Sunday said. The study of inmates in local, state, federal and private prisons said more than 2 million people were incarcerated at the end of 2000. In 2000, there were 478 prisoners serving sentences of a year or more per 100,000 U.S. residents. At the end of 1990, the number was 292 prisoners per 100,000 residents. Five states — all relatively small and rural — had increases of more than 10 percent in their incarceration rates in 2000: Idaho, North Dakota, Mississippi, Vermont and Iowa. Of the states, Louisiana had the highest incarceration rate, 801 inmates per 100,000 state residents, followed by Texas, 730, Mississippi, 688, and Oklahoma, 685. The District of Columbia's rate was 971. Minnesota and Maine had the lowest rates. Bureau of Justice statistician Allen Beck said the increase in prisoners amid a declining crime rate could be attributed to tougher federal and state sentencing guidelines, longer sentences and a greater tendency to return parole violators to prison.

76. Links To The World - Criminal Justice sentencing advocacy information can be found through NASA s Links to Other This site also provides a link to the Bureau of Justice Statistics crime and http://www.leg.state.mn.us/lrl/links/criminal.asp

Legislature Home Links to the World Help Advanced Search ... Statutes, Laws, and Rules Links to the World Criminal Justice The sites listed on this page are not created, maintained, or endorsed by the Minnesota Legislature. Minnesota Information Bureau of Criminal Apprehension (BCA) Minnesota crime data including the Minnesota Uniform Crime Reports and the Criminal Justice Information Systems (CJIS) section which has criminal history data. Center for Homicide Research Academic research related to gay homicide issues in Minnesota. Council on Crime and Justice A nonprofit group based in Minneapolis, Minnesota. They are dedicated to using research, demonstration projects, and advocacy to address issues related to crime. They've created the Racial Disparity Initiative Criminal Justice Publications/Guides-Minnesota Crime in Minnesota A guide compiled by the staff of the Minnesota Legislative Reference Library. Criminal Justice Statistics Center Provides access to Crime and Criminals publications.

77. Section 3 - Delegate Workbook - Summit Process - Alberta Summit On Justice harsher sentences for serious crime, consistent sentencing for the crime Canadian Centre for Justice Statistics, Canadian crime Statistics, 1997. http://www.justice.gov.ab.ca/publications/justicesummit/process/dwb/delwork38.ht

Contact Us Delegate Workbook Alberta Summit on Justice Public Confidence In the Justice System The Facts In 1997, an Angus Reid Survey asked Canadians about their confidence in the justice system. The results showed great confidence in police services but a significant lack of confidence in all other categories: 94% of Albertans (86% of Canadians) felt somewhat confident to very confident in their local police. 90% of Albertans (83% of Canadians) felt somewhat confident to very confident in the RCMP. 44% of Albertans (52% of Canadians) felt somewhat confident to very confident in the courts. 37% of Albertans (42% of Canadians) felt somewhat confident to very confident in the prison system. 22% of Albertans (25% of Canadians) felt somewhat confident to very confident in the parole system. 13% of Albertans (26% of Canadians) felt somewhat confident to very confident in the Young Offenders Act. The 1997 Angus Reid survey also showed that Albertans are significantly more concerned about crime-related issues than other Canadians. Thirty-eight per cent of Albertans (compared to 22% among all Canadians) feel crime-related issues are the most important problem in their community. A different 1997 survey showed that 90% of Albertans thought the crime rate had increased or remained the same.

78. Sentencing Revised Computer crime sentencing Guidelines http//nsi.org/Library/Compsec/sentence. Contact list for sentencing commissions for most of the US states. http://talkjustice.com/links.asp?453053935

79. OUP Companion Web Site: Chapter 03 crime and victims, offenders, courts and sentencing, law enforcement, contains a review of crime statistics in the US with sections on http://www.oup.com/uk/booksites/content/0199270368/student/weblinks/ch03

Quick Links About OUP Career Opportunities Contacts Need help? oup.com Search the Catalogue Site Index American National Biography Booksellers' Information Service Children's Fiction and Poetry Children's Reference Dictionaries Dictionary of National Biography Digital Reference English Language Teaching Higher Education Textbooks Humanities International Education Unit Journals Law Medicine Music Oxford English Dictionary Reference Rights and Permissions Science School Books Social Sciences World's Classics OUP UK Companion web sites Criminology Hale et al: Criminology ... Chapter 03 COMPANION WEB SITE Hale et al: Criminology Chapter 03 What do crime statistics tell us? United Kingdom National Statistics: www.statistics.gov.uk/CCI/nscl.asp?ID=5004 www.archive.official-documents.co.uk/document/cm53/5312/cm5312.htm provides the full text of this publication. Home Office Research and Development Statistics: www.homeoffice.gov.uk/rds/bcs1.html provides links to the 2003/2004 British Crime Survey full text and other crime surveys carried out by the Home Office. The British Crime Survey summarises 40,000 responses of persons over 16 with a focus on attitudes to and prevalence of crime. UK Parliament Research Papers: www.parliament.uk/parliamentary_publications_and_archives/

80. IRE Store | Bookstore | Crime Statistics Courts and sentencing Statistics crime and Victimization Statistics contains sentencing statistics including guilty pleas and trial rates, age, http://www.ire.org/store/books/statistics/resources.htm

Reporter Resources Return to the Main Page Good starting points for reporters interested in crime and crime statistics. Federal government sites International crime resources Non-government sites Federal Government Sites Back to Top BJS - Bureau of Justice Statistics Courts and Sentencing Statistics Crime and Victimization Statistics ... BLS - Bureau of Labor Statistics -compiles information on different economic indicators - like consumer price index, unemployment and worker productivity-but also publishes statistics on workplace violence and homicide. U.S. Bureau of Prisons provides information on the number or prisons, prison population (age, race, ethnicity, gender, etc.),sentence imposed, type of offense and statistics on prison staffing in the United States. CDC - Centers for Disease Control and Prevention -the CDC is a federal agency that collects health information, including data on everything from intimate partner violence to violence in the workplace. The National Center for Injury Prevention and Control -has a Web page that will allow you to view the leading causes of death for a state, by year or for a range of years, by age, by race, by sex, and by Hispanic origin. National Center for Health Statistics/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention State Injury Mortality Data -another CDC database that allows you to view the number of deaths/injuries, by age group for a state or for the entire nation.

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