61. Journal Of Paleontology -- Table Of Contents (January 1 1987, 61 [ 1]) James E. Sorauf The rugose coral Tabulophyllum traversensis from the Onate Formation Craig S. Feibel Fossil fish nests from the Koobi Fora Formation http://jpaleontol.geoscienceworld.org/content/vol61/issue1/

Quick Search: advanced search GSW Home GeoRef Home My GSW Alerts ... SEARCH TABLE OF CONTENTS Receive this page by email each issue: [Sign up for eTOCs] Contents: January 1 1987, Volume 61, Issue 1 [Index by Author] Other Issues: ARTICLES Find articles in this issue containing these words: [Search ALL Issues] To see an article , click its [Full Text] link. To review many abstracts , check the boxes to the left of the titles you want, and click the 'Get All Checked Abstract(s)' button. To see one abstract at a time , click its [Abstract] link. ARTICLES: Francoise M. Debrenne, Roland A. Gangloff, and Jean G. Lafuste Tabulaconus handfield; microstructure and its implication in the taxonomy of primitive corals Journal of Paleontology 1987 61: 1-9. [Citation/Abstract] [Order Hardcopy of Full Text via AGI/GeoRef] Yves Plusquellec and William J. Sando The microstructure of Michelinia meekana Girty, 1910 Journal of Paleontology 1987 61: 10-13. [Citation/Abstract] [Order Hardcopy of Full Text via AGI/GeoRef] James E. Sorauf The rugose coral Tabulophyllum traversensis from the Onate Formation (Middle Devonian) of the Mud Springs Mountains, New Mexico

62. ANT Photo Library - Australian Wildlife And Environment, And Animals Of The Worl fish over 840 species from Australia and around the World - Coral Reef fish Archaeology and paleontology- Archaeological sites and digs - Dinosaur http://www.antphoto.com.au/main/subjects.htm

advanced search search return to search results Subjects Covered by ANT Listed below are some of the main subjects that we cover at ANT Photo Library. It is not a definitive list but a guide. If you cannot find images of the subjects you are looking for on this web site, please contact us to find out if we cover it. Agriculture, Farming and Horticulture Animals Archaeology Birds ... Wildlife, Special Groups Agriculture, Farming and Horticulture - Alternative crops - Alternative Fruit-growing - Alternative livestock farming - Bee keeping - Beef Cattle - Cattle Stations - Dairy Cattle - Droving - Farm machinery - Farms and Homesteads. - Fish farming - Grazing and pastureland. - Irrigation - Mainstream crops - Mainstream Fruit-growing - Market Gardening - Mountain Stockmen - Sheep farming - Tree plantations - Vineyards back Animals back Birds back Fish - over 840 species from Australia and around the World - Coral Reef Fish - Dangerous fish - Deep-sea fish - Fresh water fish - Piranhas - Poisonous fish - Sea-Horses - Sharks - Stonefish back - over 450 species from Australia and around the World - Burrowing Frogs - Catching Insects - Corroboree Frogs - Gastric Brooding Frog - Jumping - Mating - Poison-dart Frogs - Spawning - Treefrogs

63. Crustacea Section, Natural History Museum Of Los Angeles County components for fish and invertebrates; development of associated coral reef Implement research programs associated with scleractinian corals and http://crustacea.nhm.org/people/trautwein/

NHMLAC Crustacea Lab Staff Research ... Collections Sandra Erika Trautwein Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County Research and Collections/Crustacea 900 Exposition Blvd., Los Angeles, CA 90007 Telephone 1.213.763.3473 email: strautwein@lbaop.org Research Interests My primary interests rest in evolutionary biology, particularly in the systematic, phylogenetic, and biogeographic relationships among marine invertebrates. My graduate thesis focused on the phylogenetic relationships of scleractinian coral families. Curriculum Vitae EDUCATION University of Charleston, SC M.S., Marine Biology Towson State University, MD B.S., Biology , Concentration in Marine Biology PROFESSIONAL EMPLOYMENT January 1997 - present CURATOR OF FISH AND INVERTEBRATES LONG BEACH AQUARIUM OF THE PACIFIC 100 AQUARIUM WAY, LONG BEACH CA 90802 Supervisor responsible for exhibit design, animal husbandry of marine fish and invertebrates, and supervision of 12 full time staff. Hiring and management of husbandry personnel; husbandry and maintenance of over 10,000 Pacific marine specimens; design and development of exhibits and associated life support systems including interpretive components for fish and invertebrates; development of associated coral reef research projects. June 1996 to January 1997 INDEPENDENT CONTRACTOR CONSERVATION INTERNATIONAL 1015 18TH ST., SUITE 1000, WASHINGTON, DC 20036

64. Biology Resources Cnidarians Cnidaria corals, Sea Anemonies, Jellyfish, etc. Nematodes NEODAT InterInstitutional Database of fish Biodiversity in the Neotropics http://www.geocities.com/peterroberts.geo/biology.htm

Life Sciences General Biology Biochemistry Botany Medicine ... Physiology (including Cell Biology) Main Site Index Search Page General Reference Start Page General Biology General Images, Movies, Animations, etc. Biophysics Biogeoscience ... History of Biology General Natural History Museums The Biology Project Virtual Library: Biosciences MIT's Biology Hypertextbook ... Ergito Biology Textooks Online Requires (free) Registration Beyond Bio 101: The Transformation of Undergraduate Biology Education BEN BioSciEdNet Science.bio.org news Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Symposia on Quantiative Biology NASA's Life Sciences Data Archive Entrez The Life Sciences Search Engine BIOME Biology Links PubCrawler Medical and Molecular Biology Databases ... Specialty Dictionaries: Biology Images, Movies, Animations, etc. BioImage LTSN Bioscience ImageBank Bio-DiTRL BioMedia Associates ... Biodic Worlds largest Ultrastructure images gallery online ARS Image Gallery Scanning Probe Microscopy See also: Scientific Imaging Biological Procedures Online BioVisa NIH Model Organisms for Biomedical Research ... Biolinux See also: Mathematics Homepage Artificial Life Zooland Algorithmic Botany See also: Biophysics Biophysics Educational Resources See also: Biochemistry Biogeoscience biogeosciences.org

65. H- Paleontology And Geology Glossary: H Helicoprion was an ancient fish from the Late Paleozoic (it appeared during Horn coral is a type of large, hornshaped coral (order Rugosa) that lived http://www.zoomdinosaurs.com/subjects/dinosaurs/glossary/indexh.shtml

EnchantedLearning.com is a user-supported site. As a bonus, site members have access to a banner-ad-free version of the site, with print-friendly pages. Click here to learn more. (Already a member? Click here. ZoomDinosaurs.com Dinosaur and Paleontology Dictionary A B C D ... Z Click on an underlined word for more information on that subject. If the dinosaur or paleontology term you are looking for is not in the dictionary, please e-mail us H HABITAT A habitat is a space (which includes food, water and shelter) suitable for the survival and reproduction of an organism. HADEAN EON The Hadean Eon lasted from 4.6 to 3.9 billion years ago. This "Rockless Eon" was the time when the Earth's continental and oceanic crusts were solidifying. The name Hadean was coined by the geologist Preston E. Cloud in the 1960s. HADROCODIUM Hadrocodium ( meaning "heavy or full head") was a tiny mammalian ancestor about the size of a paperclip. It is the earliest-known animal with such mammal-like features. This shrew-like quadruped had a long tail, a long snout, delicate teeth, three middle ear bones, a powerful jaw hinge, matching upper and lower teeth, a large brain case, and five-toed feet. Hadrocodium was an insectivore (insect-eater) that may have been nocturnal (most active at night). It lived about 195 million years ago. A skull (half an inch (12 millimeters) long) was found in the Lufeng Basin in Yunnan, China, in 1985 (it was only recently determined that it was a new species). The type species is Hadrocodium wui

66. K-12: Biology : MARINE LIFE (GENERAL) Stunning color views from a living reef aquarium featuring corals, invertebrates and tropical fish with live views, archived images, timelapse movies and http://www.ceismc.gatech.edu/busyt/bio_marine.shtml

Biology AMPHIBIANS BIRDS CELL ... Teachers' Reference Section MARINE LIFE (GENERAL) Aquarium FAQ Lots of info with easy to read/click Table of Contents. Site index: fins.actwin.com/index.php Glossary of aquarium terms: fins.actwin.com/glossary.php Cold Seeps: A Tour Through the Cold-Seep Habitats in the Gulf of Mexico Wonderful photographs enrich this visit to biotic communities that don't require photosynthesis to get along. From Penn State University. www.bio.psu.edu/People/Faculty/Fisher/cold_seeps/ Deep Sea Pages Explains the nature of ecosystems in the deep sea. Discusses adaptations by deep sea fish to withstand the physical pressure of their environment. Plenty of creature pictures and explanatory diagrams of ocean terrain. Some will find the appearance of these deep sea creatures very strange. By a Whitman College professor of biology. Good place to get started: people.whitman.edu/~yancey/deepsea.html#diagram

67. Science -- Science Collections: Paleontology (So far, one invertebratea coralis included. Too much and you can kiss those fish goodbye. www.consecol.org/Journal/vol3/iss2/art4. Dinomite. http://www.sciencemag.org/cgi/collection/nw_paleo?page=3&display=summary

68. News Of The Centre For Coral Reef Biodiversity ecology, geology, paleontology, climatology and economics. Dr. David Bellwood (fish Ecologist), Director Centre for Coral Reef Biodiversity, http://www.jcu.edu.au/school/mbiolaq/ccrbio/Tsv forum.htm

International Forum on Threats to Coral Reefs Centre for Coral Reef Biodiversity, Townsville October 14-19, 2002. Coral reefs worldwide are under increased pressure, from run-off of nutrients and pollution from land, from widespread overfishing, and from global warming. Of these three major threats, the first two are relatively well studied. We know the problems reasonably well, and we know how to go about resolving them - by regulating land use and by preserving brood stocks inside marine protected areas. Generally management of fishing and runoff is a local issue that can be resolved at the state or national level. In contrast, the damaging effects of climate change on coral reefs are not well understood, although the link between greenhouse gas emissions, climate change and coral bleaching is already well established. Global warming presents scientists with a huge intellectual challenge, which will require teams of researchers working hard together at unprecedented geographic scales. Management of global warming, in particular controlling greenhouse gas emissions, is a global challenge to all nations. In response to this challenge, the Centre for Coral Reef Biodiversity at James Cook University initiated a Forum, entitled "Managing Coral Reefs in the face of global change". We received funding from the QLD government, and invited 15 scientists from the USA, Europe and Australia to tackle this broad issue. We particularly invited world-leaders from an unprecedented range of scientific fields, including ecology, geology, paleontology, oceanography, climatology, and economics, to work together for the first time as a team. The idea was to combine our respective skills and expertise, for example, to inform predictions of future changes in coral reefs using evidence from past climate impacts recorded in the fossil record.

69. Refereed Publications Determinants of social organization in a coral reef fish, the blue tang, J. paleontology 75 546563. PANDOLFI, JM, JACKSON, JBC and GEISTER, J. 2001. http://www.mcgill.ca/bellairs/publications/refereed/

var GJSBrowserName = 'Unknown'; var mcgilllogo_Off = new Image(119,29); mcgilllogo_Off.src = "http://upload.mcgill.ca/global/new_options/mcg_0.gif"; var mcgilllogo_On = new Image(119,29); mcgilllogo_On.src = "http://upload.mcgill.ca/global/new_options/mcg_1.gif"; var sectionlink_Off = new Image(136,53); sectionlink_Off.src = "http://upload.mcgill.ca/global/sections/sectionlink0_en_0.gif"; var sectionlink_On = new Image(136,53); sectionlink_On.src = "http://upload.mcgill.ca/global/sections/sectionlink0_en_1.gif"; Sign in Tuesday, September 20, 2005 Prospective students Student information ... Larger Smaller Sign in Home Bellairs Institute Publications ... Publications Refereed publications Technical reports Theses From the archives Contact us Refereed publications GILBERT, M., RASMUSSEN, J.B. and KRAMER, D.L. 2005. Estimating the density and biomass of moray eels (Muraenidae) using a modified visual census method for hole-dwelling reef fauna. Environmental Biology of Fishes (In Press) MORGAN, I.E. and KRAMER, D.L. 2005. Determinants of social organization in a coral reef fish, the blue tang, Acanthurus coeruleus. Environmental Biology of Fishes (In Press)

70. NOAA Ocean Explorer: Gulf Of Mexico Deep Sea Habitats Image courtesy of Dr. Andre Friewald, Institute of paleontology, Deepsea corals are an important part of deep-sea ecosystems because their branches http://oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/explorations/03mex/background/coral_diversity/cora

Mission Plan Education seaweeds Connecting The Dots ... Information Dr. William Schroeder has documented several occurrences of Lophelia in the Gulf of Mexico. He will be assessing the spatial distribution of these communities using the remotely operated vehicle. Image courtesy of Dr. Andre Friewald, Institute of Paleontology, Erlangen University, Germany. Click image for larger view. Diversity of Deep Sea Corals Peter Etnoyer, Scientist Sponsored by the Marine Conservation Biology Institute eggs on bubblegum corals ( Paragorgia sp.). Skates need these corals in the same way that eagles need trees. Deep-sea corals are long-lived, slow-growing archives of global change, uniquely adapted to life in extreme environments. We are only beginning to understand their diversity, range and distribution in United States waters. One of the objects of this cruise is to document the diversity of deep sea corals in the Gulf of Mexico. Last year, we documented over 100 species in the Northeast Pacific, more than the number of hard coral species in the entire Caribbean Sea! We found very different communities than those in the Atlantic and Caribbean. Our understanding of a species range and distribution (or biogeography) is limited by the extent of the collections we keep in our museums. If no one from Alaska bothered to send a coral species to the Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History or the California Academy of Sciences, for example, we would not know that deep-sea corals exist in Alaska. Fortunately, Alaskan scientists and fisheries observers keep good records. We have a good understanding of the many species found in those cold, dark waters.

71. Deep-sea Coral Statement Ariel Poholek, BS, Florida fish and Wildlife Conservation Commission, Florida, USA Axel Munnecke, Ph.D., Institute of paleontology, Erlangen, Germany http://www.mcbi.org/DSC_statement/sign.htm

1,136 Scientists Call for Protection of Deep-Sea Corals Scientists' Statement on Protecting the World's Deep-sea Coral and Sponge Ecosystems As marine scientists and conservation biologists, we are profoundly concerned that human activities, particularly bottom trawling, are causing unprecedented damage to the deep-sea coral and sponge communities on continental plateaus and slopes, and on seamounts and mid-ocean ridges. In recent years scientists have discovered deep-sea corals and/or coral reefs in Japan, Tasmania, New Zealand, Alaska, California, Nova Scotia, Maine, North Carolina, Florida, Colombia, Brazil, Norway, Sweden, UK, Ireland and Mauritania. Because research submarines and remotely operated vehicles suitable for studying the deep sea are few and expensive to operate, scientific investigation of these remarkable communities is in its very early stages. But it is increasingly clear that deep-sea corals usually inhabit places where natural disturbance is rare, and where growth and reproduction appear to be exceedingly slow. Deep-sea corals and sponges may live for centuries, making them and the myriad species that depend on them extremely slow to recover from disturbance. Unfortunately, just as scientists have begun to understand the diversity, importance and vulnerability of deep-sea coral forests and reefs, humans have developed technologies that profoundly disturb them. There is reason for concern about deep-sea oil and gas development, deep-sea mining and global warming, but, at present, the greatest human threat to coral and sponge communities is commercial fishing, especially bottom trawling. Trawlers are vessels that drag large, heavily weighted nets across the seafloor to catch fishes and shrimps. Scientific studies around the world have shown that trawling is devastating to corals and sponges. As trawlers become more technologically sophisticated, and as fishes disappear from shallower areas, trawling is increasingly occurring at depths exceeding 1,000 meters.

72. Marine Life Books Pisces Guide to Watching fishes/Understanding Coral Reef fish Behavior Long (vertebrate paleontology, Western Australian Museum, Perth) describes the http://www.planet-pets.com/bookmrne.htm

Marine Life Books Books regarding marine life. Each book has a review. Books are available in hardcover, paperback or both. When you decide to purchase a book click the button at the end of the review and it will take you directly to Amazon.com. There you will find the price of the book and instructions on how to order it. We can locate hard to find books too. For auto-notification of new books... Pisces Guide to Caribbean Reef Ecology by William S. Alevizon PAPERBACK Pisces Guide to Watching Fishes/Understanding Coral Reef Fish Behavior by Roberta Wilson, James Q. Wilson cgavitt@mailhost.tcs.tulane.edu from New Orleans, Louisiana, 08/29/97 A must-read for avid scuba divers PAPERBACK Reef Fish Identification: Florida Caribbean Bahamas by Paul Humann, Ned Deloach (Editor) American Society of Ichthyologists, Aug. 8, 1995 You will want to have this book with you if you plan any serious fishwatching or teaching in the geographical area of coverage. It is in a class by itself. PAPERBACK The Rise of Fishes : 500 Million Years of Evolution by John A. Long

73. CBPDS - ICTIOLOGIA ON-LINE Cyanide effects on coral reefs and marine fish in the Phillipines International Marinelife Great white shark exhibit UC Berkeley Museum of paleontology http://www.antares.com.br/~cbpds/icti-online.htm

COCIEN-CBPDS http://cttmar.univali.br/~garoupa http://cttmar.univali.br/~plataforma Ictiologia Academy of Natural Sciences Cornell ichthyology page Eleotris pisonis Eleotris pisonis FishGopher project fan-out wais search of fish gophers Ichthyology US National Museum of Natural History Ichthyology FishScope zebrafish developmental biology movies Oostethus lineatus Oostethus lineatus Zebrafish Information Server Zebrafish information links from Harvard Biolabs Zebrafish Server Banco de Dados de Peixes Neotropicais (NEODAT) Neodat gopher Neodat Project NeoDat News newsletter providing communication between NEODAT and the ichthyological community Neodat project bibliographic records Neodat project collection records search via Muse server Neodat Reference Database inter-institutional database of fish biodiversity in the tropics Aquaculture at University of Tasmania Center for teaching and research in aquaculture AquaNIC Aquaculture Network Information Center AQUARIUM discussion list for home fish aquaria Aquarium Cichlid home page Clown Loach: A Fish Homepage Cold Spring Harbor Fish Hatchery and Aquarium FINS the Fish Information Service on aquarium fish from Active Window Productions, Cambridge, MA

74. The Silurian paleontology The Silurian Period was one of the shorter periods of the geologic time scale. Within the Silurian rocks, we find the first coral reefs, http://www.paleoportal.org/time_space/period.php?period_id=14

75. Texas Memorial Museum: Template For NPL Pages Nonvertebrate paleontology collections at the Texas Memorial Museum. Glossary Genus of scleractinian coral known from the Upper Jurassic to the Recent. http://www.tmm.utexas.edu/npl/glossary.htm

var MenuLinkedBy='AllWebMenus [2]', awmBN='DW'; awmAltUrl=''; Glossary Your Subtitle (Look for links to other pages at the ends of some definitions) Accessions This word is used by museum professionals to refer to new objects added to a museum's permanent collections, whether purchased, donated, or collected. The process of accessioning each group of newly acquired objects involves assigning it a unique registration number and recording information about what it consists of and how it was acquired. Age The age of a specimen can be stated in two ways. Relative age places the specimen in order with respect to other fossil specimens, rocks or geologic events, but does not provide an actual number or years. Absolute age is a measurement in years. ( Texas Geologic History Amethyst Purple quartz (Si0 Ammonoid Any cephalopod of the subclass Ammonoidea, including ammonites, ceratites, and goniatites. ( Ammonoids Ammonites An ammonoid of the order Ammonitida, in which the suture pattern is complex (both the lobes and the saddles are intricately folded). They range in age from the Ordovician to the Cretaceous. ( Ammonoids Aragonite A orthorhombic form of calcium carbonate (CaCO ), less stable than the rhombohedral form (

76. Collections - Natural History Canadian paleontology Conference 2001, London (Ont.), Program and Abstracts No.11, p. 6566. Canada, is a coral. Journal of paleontology, 74179-180. http://www.manitobamuseum.ca/mu_natural_hist.html

Museum Collections Home General Information ... Register On-Line The Museum's Natural History collections are developed and maintained as a 'specimen library' of plants, animals, fossils, rocks and minerals for the province. Specimens are used for reference and research, in public and school programs, and in exhibitions. More than 200,000 specimens are stored in secure, climate-controlled conditions. As the provincial repository, a large portion of the Museum's collections is Manitoba material, but there are also many significant specimens from other parts of the world. Overview of the collections Publications Public Inquiries Overview Botany About 40,000 plant specimens. The Museum's herbarium is the second largest in Manitoba. Of the approximately 1,600 species of vascular plants occurring in the province, about 1,400 are represented in the botany collections. The wood collection, some 2,200 specimens from around the world, is one of the largest in Canada. The Museum also has small seed, cone and fruit collections. Geology About 11,000 lots (batches). The geology collections emphasize minerals, and vertebrate and invertebrate fossils from throughout Manitoba and from other parts of the world. Minor collections include fossil plants, rocks, specimens of extraterrestrial origin, lapidary and economic geology.

77. GEOLOGY AND GEOGRAPHY OF THE NEW YORK BIGHT Before this century fishermen reported that coral reefs existed in the NY Large fish and mammal vertebrae. Modern bone can turn black fairly quickly. http://www.geo.hunter.cuny.edu/bight/fossil.html

PALEONTOLOGY AND BEACH FOSSILS OF THE NEW YORK BIGHT This web page is a short collection of images of fossils collected from Rockaway Beach (Queens, NY), Staten Island, and Sandy Hook (NJ). The conclusion that some of these items are actually of antiquity is purely subjective. Taphonomy Taphonomy is the study of how (and why) fossils are preserved. Modern geologic processes can take practically any bone or shell material and give it a "fossil" appearance. For instance, modern shells commonly become attached to iron debris (shipwrecks, bottle tops, etc.) as seawater reacts with the iron to form rust. In addition, shell accumulations in the highest tidal range are subjected to frequent wetting and drying by rain or highest tides. This infrequent wetting of shell material causes calcite and aragonite to dissolve and then precipitate as microcrystalline calcite cement upon drying. These processes that cement modern shell material are essentially the same processes that helped to preserve shells and organic remains as fossils in the geologic past. Several additional important geologic processes related to fossils should also be noted. First, vertebrate bones and teeth consist of porous apatite (a calcium phospate mineral). When exposed to seawater minerals precipitate within pores and ion substitution replaces some of the spaces within the aragonite mineral lattice. The net result is that bone material tends to become darker in color, harder, and more brittle with time (if it isn't eaten or dissolved in organic acids in the sediment first!).

78. Introduction To Cnidaria Sea anemones, medusae, jellyfish, corals. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/cnidaria/cnidaria.html

Introduction to Cnidaria Jellyfish, corals, and other stingers. . . Cnidarians are incredibly diverse in form , as evidenced by colonial siphonophores , massive medusae and corals , feathery hydroids , and box jellies with complex eyes Yet, these diverse animals are all armed with stinging cells called nematocysts. Cnidarians are united based on the presumption that their nematocysts have been inherited from a single common ancestor. The name Cnidaria comes from the Greek word "cnidos" , which means stinging nettle. Casually touching many cnidarians will make it clear how they got their name when their nematocysts eject barbed threads tipped with poison. Many thousands of cnidarian species live in the world's oceans, from the tropics to the poles, from the surface to the bottom. Some even burrow. A smaller number of species are found in rivers and fresh water lakes. There are four major groups of cnidarians Anthozoa , which includes true corals, anemones, and sea pens; Cubozoa , the amazing box jellies with complex eyes and potent toxins; Hydrozoa , the most diverse group with siphonophores, hydroids, fire corals, and many medusae; and

79. The Ordovician An overview of the period from the UC Berkeley Museum of paleontology. http://www.ucmp.berkeley.edu/ordovician/ordovician.html

The Ordovician 490 to 443 Million Years Ago The Ordovician period began approximately 510 million years ago, with the end of the Cambrian , and ended around 445 million years ago, with the beginning of the Silurian . At this time, the area north of the tropics was almost entirely ocean, and most of the world's land was collected into the southern super-continent Gondwana . Throughout the Ordovician, Gondwana shifted towards the South Pole and much of it was submerged underwater. The Ordovician is best known for the presence of its diverse marine invertebrates, including graptolites trilobites brachiopods , and the conodonts (early vertebrates). A typical marine community consisted of these animals, plus red and green algae, primitive fish, cephalopods, corals, crinoids, and gastropods. More recently, there has been found evidence of tetrahedral spores that are similar to those of primitive land plants, suggesting that plants invaded the land at this time. From the Early to Middle Ordovician, the earth experienced a milder climate in which the weather was warm and the atmosphere contained a lot of moisture. However, when Gondwana finally settled on the South Pole during the Late Ordovician, massive glaciers formed causing shallow seas to drain and sea levels to drop. This likely caused the mass extinctions that characterize the end of the Ordovician, in which 60% of all marine invertebrate genera and 25% of all families went extinct. Click on the buttons below to learn more about the Ordovician.

80. Largest No-Fishing Zone Declared In Great Barrier Reef Coral Reef fish. The Great Barrier Reef Marine Park Authority has recently designated one third of the park as a notake zone, making it the largest fully http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/06/0615_040615_tvgreatbarrierreef_2

Site Index Subscribe Shop Search Top 15 Most Popular Stories NEWS Front Page Environment Health Offbeat ... Video in the News SPECIAL SERIES The Genographic Project Pulse of the Planet National Geographic Channel RESOURCES (What's this?) Contact Us Front Page National Geographic Channel Largest No-Fishing Zone Declared in Great Barrier Reef Coral reefs are found in more than a hundred countries: Globally, they are home to over 4,000 species of fish, 700 species of coral, and thousands of other animals and plants. Reefs are considered a treasure chest for medical researchers; act as a living breakwater, sheltering coastlines from the open ocean; and provide income and food for millions of people. The threats to coral reefs are as numerous as the benefits they provide: overfishing, coastal development, untreated sewage, agricultural runoff, and global warming foremost among them. Eleven percent of the world's reefs are already destroyed, 20 percent are considered seriously damaged. Scientists estimate that another 32 percent may be lost over the next 30 years if human threats are not reduced. Which is what the new legislation in Australia aims to achieve in a big way.

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