81. Interfaith Calendar Reference Page The Page Entitled Www Please go to www.interfaithcalendar.org/confucianism.htm. or www.interfaithcalendar.org/Daoism.htm. Thank you for using www.interfaithcalendar.org http://www.interfaithcalendar.org/ConfucianismTaoism.htm

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82. Bibliography On Confucianism Transition to Neoconfucianism Shao Yung on Knowledge and Symbols of Reality. Chiao Hung and the Restructuring of Neo-confucianism in the Late Ming. http://www.hamilton.edu/academics/Asian/templebiblio.html

Bibliography on Confucianism Thomas A. Wilson Sources on Confucius, his cult, and the intellectual traditions that trace their origins to him Analects . 1979. Trans. D. C. Lau. Middlesex, Eng.: Penguin Books. Alitto, Guy. 1979. The Last Confucian . University of California Press. Ariel, Yoav, trans. K'ung-ts'ung'tzu: The K'ung Family Masters' Anthology . Princeton: Princeton University Press. Barrett, T. H. 1992. Li Ao: Buddhist, Taoist, or Neo-Confucian? Oxford: Oxford University Press. Berthrong, John H. 1998. Transformations of the Confucian Way . Boulder: Westview. Bol, Peter. 1992. "This Culture of Ours": Intellectual Transitions in T'ang and Sung China . Stanford: Stanford University Press. Black, Alison. 1989. Man and Nature in the Philosophical Thought of Wang Fu-chih . Seattle: University of Washington Press. Birdwhistell, Anne. 1989. Transition to Neo-Confucianism: Shao Yung on Knowledge and Symbols of Reality . Stanford: Stanford University Press. Li Yong (1267-1705) and Epistemological Dimensions of Confucian Philosophy . Stanford: Stanford University Press. Brooks, E. Bruce and A. Taeko Brooks. 1998.

83. Confucianism confucianism, a religion of optimistic humanism, has had a monumental impact upon One of the central figures in confucianism is Mengtzu (Latinized into http://www.greatcom.org/resources/handbook_of_todays_religions/03chap04/default.

Handbook of Today's Religions Confucianism Home What is a Cult? The Characteristics of Cults The Beliefs of Orthodox Christianity ... Print this page Confucianism, a religion of optimistic humanism, has had a monumental impact upon the life, social structure and political philosophy of China. The founding of the religion goes back to one man, known as Confucius, born a half-millennium before Christ. History The Life of Confucius Although Confucius occupies a hallowed place in Chinese tradition, little is verifiable about his life. The best source available is The Analects, the collection of his sayings made by his followers. Long after his death much biographical detail on his life surfaced, but most of this material is of questionable historical value. However, there are some basic facts that can be accepted reasonably to give an outline of his life. Confucius was born Chiu King, the youngest of 11 children, about 550 B.C., in the principality of Lu, which is located in present-day Shantung. He was a contemporary of the Buddha (although they probably never met) and lived immediately before Socrates and Plato. Nothing is known for certain concerning his ancestors except the fact that his surroundings were humble. As he himself revealed: "When I was young I was without rank and in humble circumstances." His father died soon after his birth, leaving his upbringing to his mother. During his youth Confucius participated in a variety of activities, including hunting and fishing; but, "On reaching the age of 15, 1 bent my mind to learning."

84. A Ready Defense - Confucianism One of the central figures in confucianism is Mengtzu (Latinized into Mencius) who confucianism is not a religion in the sense of man relating to the http://www.greatcom.org/resources/areadydefense/ch26/default.htm

CONFUCIANISM Chapter 26 Back to previous page C onfucianism, a religion of optimistic humanism, has had a monumental impact on the life, social structure and political structure of China. The founding of the religion goes back to one man, known as Confucius, born a half-millennium before Christ. The Life of Confucius Although Confucius occupies a hallowed place in Chinese tradition, little is verifiable about his life. The best source available is The Analects, the collection of his sayings made by his followers. Long after his death much biographical detail on his life surfaced, but most of this material is of questionable historical value. However, there are some basic facts that can be accepted reasonably to give an outline of his life. Confucius was born Chiu King, the youngest of eleven children, about 550 B.C., in the principality of Lu, which is located in present-day Shantung. He was a contemporary of the Buddha (although they probably never met) and lived immediately before Socrates and Plato. Nothing is known for certain concerning his ancestors except the fact that his surroundings were humble. As he himself revealed: "When I was young I was without rank and in humble circumstances." His father died soon after his birth, leaving his upbringing to his mother. During his youth, Confucius participated in a variety of activities, including hunting and fishing; but, "On reaching the age of 15, 1 bent my mind to learning."

85. Confucianism In the Orient Buddhism and confucianism eventually became complementary to each other as in the West Christianity and philosophical inquiry have for the http://kfz.freehostingguru.com/article12.php

CONFUCIUS AND SOCRATES The Teaching of Wisdom by Sanderson Beck Introduction When contemplating what philosophical contribution can be made to education, one way to begin is to look at the origin of the word "philosophy," which derives from Greek, and means literally "the love of wisdom." In Plato's Phaedrus, Socrates says that those whose ideas are based on the knowledge of the truth and who can defend or prove them, when they are put to the test by spoken arguments, are to be called not merely poets, orators, or legislators, but are worthy of a higher name, befitting the serious pursuit of their life. However, we cannot give them the name of "wise," since only God is worthy to be called wise. Therefore we call these lovers of wisdom "philosophers."1 Before we examine some of the ideas about wisdom expounded throughout the history of philosophy, let us first explore the nature of wisdom through our own investigation. What is the origin and source? How does it work? What are its goals and values?

86. Confucianism BC) confucianism was primarily a system of ethical precepts for the proper An Overview of confucianism by Michael A. Ashby Confucius was born in 551 http://kfz.freehostingguru.com/

Confucius and Confucianism Named for at 6th century B.C. Chinese teacher and thinker, K'ung Fu-tzu, whose Latinized name is Confucius, Confucianism is one of the three religions that form the traditional heritage of China (together with Taoism and Buddhism). read more Neo-Confucianism as propagated by Zhu Xi (1130-4200, in Japanese, Shushi) of Song China became the most influential doctrine in shaping the thought and behavior of the Japanese people. This was in part due to the state sanction and encouragement given to its teachings. Tokugawa Ieyasu and his successors found its ideal of orderly submission to the authorities well suited to the bakufu's desire to maintain a stable political and social order. read more In its early form (before the 3d cent. B.C.) Confucianism was primarily a system of ethical precepts for the proper management of society. It envisaged man as essentially a social creature who is bound to his fellows by jen, a term often rendered as humanity,?or human-kind-ness.?Jen is expressed through the five relations overeign and subject, parent and child, elder and younger brother, husband and wife, and friend and friend. Of these, the filial relation is usually stressed. read more The Confucian tradition has a long historical legacy in East Asia extending from China across Korea and Japan and into Vietnam. The influence of Confucianism has been significant in political thought and institutions, social relationships and ritual exchange, educational philosophy and moral teaching, cultural attitudes, and historical interpretation. Indeed, Confucian values still play an important part in East Asian life despite the striking inroads of modernization and westernization.

87. Confucianism, Confucius confucianism, the philosophical system founded on the teaching of Confucius confucianism became the basis of the Chinese State during the Han Dynasty http://mb-soft.com/believe/txo/confuciu.htm

Confucianism, Confucius General Information Confucianism, the philosophical system founded on the teaching of Confucius (551 - 479 BC), dominated Chinese sociopolitical life for most of Chinese history and largely influenced the cultures of Korea, Japan, and Indochina. The Confucian school functioned as a recruiting ground for government positions, which were filled by those scoring highest on examinations in the Confucian classics. It also blended with popular and imported religions and became the vehicle for articulating Chinese mores to the peasants. The school's doctrines supported political authority using the theory of the mandate of heaven. It sought to help the rulers maintain domestic order, preserve tradition, and maintain a constant standard of living for the taxpaying peasants. It trained its adherents in benevolence, traditional rituals, filial piety, loyalty, respect for superiors and for the aged, and principled flexibility in advising rulers. BELIEVE Religious Information Source web-site Our List of 1,000 Religious Subjects

88. The Ways Of Confucianism David S. Nivison, The Ways of confucianism Investigations in Chinese confucianism is one of the most influential philosophical traditions in the world, http://faculty.vassar.edu/brvannor/ways.html

The Ways of Confucianism David S. Nivison, The Ways of Confucianism: Investigations in Chinese Philosophy , edited with an introduction by Bryan W. Van Norden (La Salle, Il.: Open Court Press, 1996). Paperback: $19.95. Hardcover: $46.95. ISBN: 0-8126- 9340-X (Paper), ISBN: 0-8126-9339-6 (Cloth). You can order this book directly from the WWW! Confucianism is one of the most influential philosophical traditions in the world, with profound and challenging insights on human nature, virtue, ethical cultivation and the foundations of both morality and civilization. In this collection of essays, most never before published, David S. Nivison presents nuanced and subtle interpretations of key thinkers from over two thousand years in the Confucian movement, ranging from Confucius himself, through his early proponents, Mencius and Xunzi, and on to medieval and late imperial Confucians, including Wang Yangming, Dai Zhen and Zhang Xuecheng. Critics and even some fans of Confucianism at times present the tradition as a dry and monolithic movement. In contrast, Nivison brings out the exciting variety within Confucianism, manifested in often hotly contested debates over key issues: Is human nature good or evil? Does knowledge guarantee right action, or can humans do what is wrong when they know what is right? What role should teachers, classic texts, and our own moral intuitions play in ethical cultivation? In elucidating these issues, Nivison brings to bear a rare combination of skills in both sinology and the Western philosophical tradition. He expertly wields the methodological tools of both classical philology and Anglo-American philosophy to weave a fascinating account of how Confucians have grappled with deep human issues, responded to their intellectual rivals (both inside and outside Confucianism), and evolved.

89. Syllabus For Phil 210 Neoconfucianism is one of the most influential intellectual movements in This course (which is offered every spring) introduces Neo-confucianism from http://faculty.vassar.edu/brvannor/Phil210/

Philosophy 210 Neo-Confucianism and Chinese Buddhism Spring 2004 Mr. Van Norden Office Hours: Wed 3-4 or by appointment Email: My username is "brvannorden" at host "vassar.edu". Office: Rockefeller Hall 207 Office Phone (and voice mail): 437-5538 WWW: http://faculty.vassar.ed u/brvannor About This Syllabus You can consult this syllabus online at this URL (which you may want to "bookmark"), and if you have a computer of your own that can access the WWW, you can also download this syllabus to your home computer. (If you download the "source" code, you can direct your browser to open the downloaded file, and then read this syllabus exactly as it appears at this site.) Of course, you can also print out a copy of this syllabus. Last updated April 3, 2004. Course Description Neo-Confucianism is one of the most influential intellectual movements in China (and all of East Asia). It combines subtle metaphysics and a precise commentarial tradition with a demanding self-cultivationist ethic. This course (which is offered every spring) introduces Neo-Confucianism from a philosophical perspective. Because Neo-Confucianism draws heavily on Buddhist metaphysical ideas, we shall also briefly discuss Theravada and Mahayana Buddhism. The course format consists of lecture and discussion, as well as extensive reading of primary texts (in translation). There will be several written assignments in this course, but no midterms of final exam. Philosophy 110 (which is offered every fall) is a useful precursor to this course, but is not a prerequisite. No familiarity with Chinese history, philosophy, or language is assumed, but previous experience with philosophy of some kind

90. Confucianism In Korea Although confucianism was introduced to Korea before Buddhism, its ideological According to Chong, li (principle) was the basic concept of confucianism, http://www.asianinfo.org/asianinfo/korea/rel/confucianism.htm

Home About Us Search Back to Religion/Philosophy in Korea Confucianism in Korea Although Confucianism was introduced to Korea before Buddhism, its ideological flowering occurred later through the introduction of Neo-Confucianism during the late-Koryo and early-Choson periods. For this reason, we will look at five Confucian thinkers from the Choson period. Chong To-jon (1342-1398), styled Sambong, was a thinker who played a central role in overthrowing the Koryo Dynasty and establishing the new Choson Dynasty on the basis of Neo-Confucianism. In his teachings, he elucidated Confucian orthodoxy, claiming that Buddhism and Taoism stood outside of the Confucianism orthodoxy and were thereby heterodox. According to Chong, li (principle) was the basic concept of Confucianism, ki (material force) the basic concept of Taoism and mind, that of Buddhism. Since ki and mind only operated based on li , they could not be used as a basis for philosophy. Chong thus claimed that Taoism and Buddhism were one-sided and incomplete heterodoxies which should be abolished and replaced with orthodox Confucianism. In works such as Choson kyonggukchon , Chong advocated a reordering of society to accord with the times. As a reformer, he advocated social change based on enlightened government and Confucian orthodoxy. Through his efforts, Neo-Confucianism was established as the ideology of the newly formed Choson Dynasty.

91. Confucianism - Jongmyo Royal Ancestral Shrine confucianism is a moral and religious system from China started by Kongfuzi, confucianism, with these practical social concepts, was surpassed by http://media.graniteschools.org/Curriculum/korea/confucian.htm

Confucianism - Jongmyo Royal Ancestral Shrine Confucianism is a moral and religious system from China started by Kongfuzi, under the Pinyin system, c.551-479 B.C., Chinese sage more commonly known as Confucius, who created sayings known as the Analects and other ancient commentaries. These moral concepts taught how to treat other people. This was similar to the Golden Rule. Confucianism, with these practical social concepts, was surpassed by Buddhism from the 3rd to 7th century A.D., Confucianism had a revival under the Tang Dynasty of China (618-907). The Song Dynasty (960-1279) developed a modified version of Confucianism, based on beliefs of Zen Buddhism and during the Ming Dynasty, under the Pinyin system, (1368-1644) meditation became a part of Confucianism. With the overthrow of the monarchy in 1911-12, Confucianism declined. Although Confucianism was introduced to Korea during the Three Kingdoms era (57 B.C.-A.D. 668) even before Buddhism, its ideological flowering occurred later through the introduction of Neo-Confucianism during the early period of the Joseon Dynasty (1392-1910). In 1910 Japan formally annexed Korea. While under Japanese colonial rule until 1945, all of Korea's religions were suppressed. Jongmyo was built by King T'aejo in 1395, the fourth year of his reign. Jongmyo has been used for Confucian memorial rites since that time.

92. Tolerance.it confucianism (a term used for the first time by the Jesuits in the 17th century As a religion, confucianism was opposed to all forms of popular worship http://www.tolerance.kataweb.it/eng/cap_due/uno/religioni/confucianesimo.html

INTRODUCTION DIFFERENT YET EQUAL RELIGION A world of religions Are we religious animals? Various attitudes THIS IS MY PLACE MALE AND FEMALE ... List of religions / Confucianism Number of followers and their geographical distribution Confucianism (a term used for the first time by the Jesuits in the 17th century CE) is one of the three Chinese faiths (the other two being Daoism and Buddhism ). Outside of China, the major Confucian community is found in Southern Korea. History The canon The number of books included in the Confucian canon is not fixed (certain texts have been considered classics in some periods, and not in others). One of the better-known subdivisions is the one that refers to the "Five Classics" (Wu Jing) and the "Four Books" (Si Shu). The "Five Classics" include: the Spring and Autumn Annals (Chunqiu: a history of the state of Lu), written by Confucius himself in the manner of a chronicle; the Shijing ("Classic of Odes") and the Shujing ("Classic of History"), two anthologies collected by Confucius; the "Classic of Changes" (Yijing), the description of a divinatory system based on 64 hexagrams and on the principle of yinyang;

93. Confucianism - Godulike - An Irreverent Look At The Faith Industry confucianism Combining the circle of life with the circle of learning. Hopefully, all for the good. http://www.godulike.co.uk/faiths.php?chapter=25&subject=intro

94. Confucianism: A Bibliography [to The Song Dynasty] By Colin Jeffcott, Publicatio General studies on confucianism or themes relevant to its context. The Study of confucianism as a Religious Tradition Notes on Some Recent http://www.anu.edu.au/asianstudies/publications/confbib.html

National Institute for Asia and the Pacific ANU Home Search ANU Faculty of Asian Studies ... Publications Confucianism: a Bibliography [to the Song Dynasty] by Dr Colin Jeffcott This list was originally compiled by Dr Colin Jeffcott, Centre for Asian Societies and Histories , Faculty of Asian Studies, Australian National University. It is meant as a collaborative venture: if you have an item you think should be included, please send it to: Colin.Jeffcott@anu.edu.au Table of Contents 1. Collections of essays on Confucianism in general 2. General studies on Confucianism or themes relevant to its context. 3. Early Confucianism 4. Confucianism: Han to Tang ... 8. Links to some other Relevant Pages 1. Collections of essays on Confucianism in general Eber, Irene, ed. Confucianism: The Dynamics of Tradition . New York, 1986. Fairbank, J.K., ed. Chinese Thought and Institutions. Chicago, 1957. Nivison, David S., and Arthur F. Wright, ed.

95. "Confucianism" In Question: A Bibliographical Guide By Colin Jeffcott, Publicati It tries to point you to work directly concerned with confucianism itself, The first item is list of books and articles directly on confucianism itself, http://www.anu.edu.au/asianstudies/publications/bibguide.html

National Institute for Asia and the Pacific ANU Home Search ANU Faculty of Asian Studies ... Publications "Confucianism" in Question: a Bibliographical Guide Compiled by Dr Colin Jeffcott Centre for Asian Societies and Histories , Faculty of Asian Studies, Australian National University. This guide is designed to provide help in finding reading which will contribute to youir understanding of the history and nature of Confucian thought and practice. It tries to point you to work directly concerned with Confucianism itself, but also to the varying contexts which are essential to any full understanding of its nature. Confucianism The first item is list of books and articles directly on Confucianism itself, covering its history in China down to the Song dynasty, on the Internet: 1. Confucianism: a bibliography http://www.anu.edu.au/asianstudies/publications/confbib.html For more general books, and some articles, the first reference to use is: 2. The American Historical Association's

96. I Love GOD : Confucianism Mencius, Xunzi, and others sustained confucianism, but it was not influential until Dong confucianism was then recognized as the Han state cult, http://www.ishwar.com/confucianism/

Bahai Buddhism Christianity Confucianism ... Zoroastrianism Confucianism Up ^ Books eBooks Forums Confucian Sacred texts: Holy Confucian Analects Holy Mencius Doctrine of the Mean The Great Learning About Confucianism: Scholarly tradition and way of life propagated by Confucius in the 6th-5th century BC and followed by the Chinese for more than two millennia. Though not organized as a religion, it has deeply influenced East Asian spiritual and political life in a comparable manner. The core idea is ren ("humaneness," "benevolence"), signifying excellent character in accord with li (ritual norms), zhong (loyalty to one's true nature), shu (reciprocity), and xiao (filial piety). Together these constitute de (virtue). Mencius, Xunzi, and others sustained Confucianism, but it was not influential until Dong Zhongshu emerged in the 2nd century BC. Confucianism was then recognized as the Han state cult, and the Five Classics became the core of education. In spite of the influence of Taoism and Buddhism, Confucian ethics have had the strongest influence on the moral fabric of Chinese society. A revival of Confucian thought in the 11th century resulted in Neo-Confucianism, a major influence in Korea during the Choson dynasty and in Japan during the Edo period.

97. Confucianism An Introduction to confucianism by Dr. Meredith Sprunger confucianism and Taoism Digital Texts Resources confucianism General Info http://www.mhhe.com/mayfieldpub/lawhead/chapter5/confucianism.htm

Confucianism "An Introduction to Confucianism" by Dr. Meredith Sprunger Confucianism and Taoism Digital Texts Resources Confucianism General Info "Confucianism" by Judith A. Berling ... Confucianism General Info and . McGraw-Hill Higher Education is one of the many fine businesses of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc.

98. Confucianism Links Early confucianism (chapter 3 from an online textbook, Topics in Premodern Chinese History, by Gregory Smits see also chapter 9, Later confucianism) http://www2.kenyon.edu/Depts/Religion/Fac/Adler/Reln471/LINKS471.htm

Department of Religious Studies Joseph Adler Links for Confucianism Practicing Taijiquan / T'ai-chi ch'uan in the outer garden of the Taipei Confucian Temple (click image for larger view). Early Confucianism (chapter 3 from an online textbook, Topics in Premodern Chinese History , by Gregory Smits see also chapter 9, Later Confucianism Confucian Lexicon (in Chinese) and Images (Lao Sze-kwang) Confucius (a pretty good general site) Confucian E-texts (Chinese texts) Confucius Publ. Co. (a few texts, lots of pictures) Confucius 2000 (an excellent site containing much current scholarship on Confucianism in the PRC, reflecting the re-evaluation of Confucianism occurring there today, including its religious dimensions but unfortunately in Chinese only) Four of the Five Classics (trans. James Legge) Classic of Songs Shijing / Shih Ching : English Introduction, Chinese Preface by Zhu Xi / Chu Hsi, text in Chinese and English)

99. URI Kids :: World Religions confucianism. World Religions. How did confucianism begin? A Chinese philosopher named K ung Futzu or Confucius, the Westernized version, believed that a http://www.uri.org/kids/other_conf.htm

s Confucianism How did Confucianism begin? A Chinese philosopher named K'ung Fu-tzu or Confucius, the Westernized version, believed that a society could become perfect, if the people who lived in it exhibited "beautiful conduct." Confucius was born in 551 B.C.E. He had a government job which he gave up to devote his life to teaching people how to behave. Today over five million people, mostly in China and the Far East, practice Confucianism. What did Confucius teach people? Confucius taught people five basic ideas about behavior: Always be considerate to others. Respect your ancestors. Try for harmony and balance in all things. Avoid extremes in behavior and emotion. If you live in peace and harmony, then you will be in contact with the spiritual forces of the universe, including nature. Confucius taught five basic virtues: 1) kindness 2) righteousness 3) sobriety 4) wisdom 5) trustworthiness Confucius also taught that your well-being depends directly on the well-being of others. This principle is called Jen. Jen stresses the importance of showing courtesy and loyalty to other people. Those who practice Confucianism also believe the family and family values are very important. Children are taught to be very respectful of their parents and are taught to obey their parents.

100. Religion: Learn About The Different Religions Of The World Religion is a site, which has many facts about the major religions of the world. Religions included are Christianity, Hindu, Islam, confucianism, http://www.comedition.com/AAAA/Religion/ConfucianismReligion.htm

Confucianism Religion Religion at All American Family Home Search Feedback The Mall ... Quick-Shopping Search This Site Recommend Religion To A Friend! Click Here Religion Index Religion Home Religion Summary Calendars Christianity ... To Genealogy Other Sites Home Computers Family FamilyShopping ... Young Adults Shopping Services Auto Accessories Auto Dealers Auto Price Auto Rental ... Drug Store s Flowers Hotels Internet Domains Jewelry ... Women's Clothing Where To Shop Auto Accessories Department Store Entertainment Financial Services ... Telecom " It Taken from the Confucianism Page Religion in Contemporary Japanese Society Find an overview of religions in the nation. The profiles cover Shinto, Buddhism, Confucianism, Christianity and new religions. Ron Turner's Confucianism Page Explore the history of this Chinese thought system, or learn about this scholar's thoughts on the difference between ideology and religion.

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