81. Polity IV Country Report 2003: Comoros The comoros have a long history of political instability and military rule.Since gaining independence from France in 1975, this three island state http://www.cidcm.umd.edu/inscr/polity/Com11.htm

Polity IV Country Report 2003: Comoros Score: Change Polity: Democ: Autoc: Durable: Tentative: Yes SCODE COM CCODE Date of Report Polity IV Component Variables XRREG XRCOMP XROPEN XCONST PARREG PARCOMP Date of Most Recent Polity Transition (3 or more point change) End Date 30 April 1999 Begin Date 30 April 1999 Polity Fragmentation: Yes Constitution Executive(s) President Assoumani Azzali; initially seized power, 30 April 1999 ; directly elected 14 April 2002 Legislature Federal Parliament of the Union of the Comoros (33 seats); 18 directly elected, 15 representatives of regional parliaments; most recent elections, 18 and 25 April 2004 Parties opposing Assoumani Azzali: 12 Supporters of Assoumani Azzali: 6 Representatives of regional parliaments: 15 Judiciary Supreme Court Narrative Description: Executive Recruitment Gradual Transition from Self-Selection Despite the democratic transfer of power in 1990, democratic politics in the Comoro islands was far from institutionalized. After numerous coup attempts and serious government instability, in early 1992 President Djohar entered into a pact of reconciliation with his political opponents and established a government of national unity with himself as president and Mohamed Taki as head of government. The government of national unity quickly collapsed as Djohar desperately sought to hang on to power in the face of numerous coup attempts and chronic cabinet instability. In September 1995 the increasingly unpopular president was briefly overthrown by yet another coup led by Denard and his band of mercenaries. Within a week of the coup French troops had restored Djohar to power and established yet another government of national reconciliation.

82. Madagascar Travel Information | Lonely Planet Destination Guide The regional town of Fianarantsoa has developed into a literary capital Arthur Stratton s The Great Red Island is a comprehensive history of Madagascar. http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/africa/madagascar/printable.htm

@import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle.css"; @import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle_structure.css"; @import "/worldguide/css/dmStyle_theme.css"; worldguide shop thorn tree forum travel services ... travel links Explore Madagascar Madagascar Landscapes like a crazy quilt made at mother nature's sewing bee. View Map Click here Feature Attraction Parc National de L'Isalo This park has some of Madagascar's most unique and beautiful scenery. The topography is characterised... more > WORLDGUIDE Introduction See Image Gallery Transport Money Essential Info RELATED Thorn Tree Forum Postcards Travel Links At a Glance Fast Facts Madagascar's forests are a shimmering, seething mass of a trillion stems and dripping leaves and slithering, jumping, quirky creatures out of nature's bag of tricks: lemurs, periwinkles and baobabs, aloes, geckoes, sifakas and octopus trees. Sadly, they are threatened by aggressive deforestation. Travel Services Flights Hostels Hotels ... Travel Insurance lonely planet 2005 about us privacy contact us worldguide ... travel links

83. Contact Us - InterPride regional Directors Jason Pollock Alternate, Region 10 Channel islands, England,Ireland, Isle of Man, Northern Ireland, Republic of Ireland, Scotland, http://www.interpride.org/20/Contact_Us.htm

Home Join Member Login About InterPride Membership Conferences Global Calendar News FAQs Contact Us World Pride Co-Presidents Suzanne Girard Montreal, Quebec, Canada Russell Murphy New York City, New York, USA Secretary Treasurer Don Mills Birmingham, Alabama, USA Suanne Pauley San Diego, California, USA Vice President - Member Services Terry Fleming Gainesville, Florida, USA Vice Presidents - Operations Heimir Petursson Reykjavik, Iceland Pam O'Brien Hyannis, Massachusetts, USA Vice Presidents - Operations David Hill Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA Jamea Zuberi Toronto, Ontario, Canada Regional Directors: Mike Iacono Brian Bonner Alternate: Region 1: Arizona, California, Hawaii, Nevada, Mexico, Utah Regional Directors: Nicole Browning Frank Leonzal Alternate: Jeremiah Megowan Region 2: Alaska, Idaho, Montana, Oregon, Washington, Wyoming Regional Directors: Jorge Saiz Alternate: Region 3: Colorado, Kansas, New Mexico, Oklahoma, Texas Regional Directors: Aaron Stevenson Troy Fienhold-Haasis Alternate: Region 4: Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Michigan, Minnesota, Missouri, Nebraska, North Dakota, Ohio, South Dakota, Wisconsin Regional Directors: Glen-Paul Freedman Tony Tindol Alternate: Region 5: Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Mississippi, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Virginia, West Virginia

84. Handicap International's Activities In The Indian Ocean In the Indian Ocean islands, Handicap International works to improve the You are here Our projects Where we work Indian Ocean regional programme http://www.handicap-international.org.uk/page_368.php

Our work in the Indian Ocean region About us Our projects Ban cluster bombs Asia Appeal ... Links Indian Ocean regional programme Where we work CONTEXT The programme operates within the Indian Ocean region, and more particularly concerns Madagascar, the Comoro Islands and the Republic of Mauritius . In spite of the disparities in these countries’ development, poverty control is a priority for the Madagascan, Comoros and Mauritian governments. National programmes were launched in 2000, in order to stop the progression of situations of social vulnerability, particularly those of disabled people and people living in underprivileged areas of the towns . Our regional programme aims at improving the social participation of disabled people, and supporting the process of local urban development in the region’s towns. BACKGROUND Madagascar We started working in Madagascar in 1987 and the initial focus was on improving access to treatment for disabled people by setting up orthopaedic and rehabilitation services in each province and by rehabilitating the Madagascan Rehabilitation Centre. From 1996 onwards, activities began taking the issue of social integration for disabled people into consideration, and particularly their access to rights, via the creation and promotion of a structured associative movement. Since 1997 we have been running a local urban development project in Antananarivo, Toamasina, Toliary and Mahajanga.

85. INTRODUCTION not of regional areas; generally not oceans, or islands under 1000 square miles The following islands I did no searches on American Samoa, Antigua, http://www.sdc.ucsb.edu/~mary/intro.html

INTRODUCTION The object of this work is to present an introduction to geologic maps, what they are and how they are constructed. The cartobibliography has as its purpose to give a researcher the citations for the major overall maps and series maps. Types of materials were excluded not because the items are not worthy of compilation in a bibliography - they all are! - but simply to keep the publication focused, and capable of being completed in the author's lifetime. The limitations are as follows: Tanaka, Kenneth L.; and Scott, David H. 1987. Geologic map of the polar regions of Mars. Reston VA : U.S. Geological Survey. (Miscellaneous investigations series ; map I-1802-C) - tectonic and structural maps (faults, earthquakes, volcanoes); initially the author did collect tectonic-map cites, and quickly realized that this deserved a publication of its own. e.g.: Sloss, Laurence Louis, 1913- . 1960. Lithofacies maps; an atlas of the United States and southern Canada. New York : Wiley. - geophysical maps and seismic studies - topographic, geomorphic, physiographic maps

86. Regional Genealogy And Local History Research regional Genealogy and Local history Research areas, countries, directories,organizations, Ellis Island American Family Immigration history Center http://www.academic-genealogy.com/regionalgenealogy.htm

LOCAL HISTORY RESEARCH Regional Genealogy and Local History Research: areas, countries, directories, organizations, local ancestry and local history studies. Genealogy and Family History Internet Web Directory Search This Site Regional - World Wide Regional - Continental Sources ... Hispanic - Latino REGIONAL - WORLD WIDE FARM ORIGINS: The basic ancestry and historical setting of mankind since Adam and Eve, in all nations and history of the organization of work have been involved in farming. More of the world's aggregate manpower is devoted to agriculture than to all other occupations combined.” Ref: Britannica Concise Encyclopedia Online Article. Agricultural History on the Internet: A Finding Aid Agricultural History Research Almanac.com - The Old Farmer's Almanac Farm and Agriculture (AgNIC) Portal and Agriscape History of Horticulture: PlantFacts Living History, Agricultural, and Open-Air Museums The Museum of English Rural Life ... UK Country Life * United States Agriculture: Core Historical Literature of Agriculture U nited States history cannot fully be understood without studying its rural life and agricultural heritage.

87. Global Volcanism Program | Volcanoes Of The World | Volcanoes Of The Middle East Volcano Photo National Museum of Natural history Home Page The comoros Islandsand Reunion dominate the eruption record (93% of dated events) in http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/region.cfm?rnum=03&rpage=highlights

88. Agulhas Current Mozambique’s Bazaruto islands, a narrow chain of tidal mud flats, inland salty regional organizations involved in the management of coastal and marine http://na.nefsc.noaa.gov/lme/text/lme30.htm

LME 30: Agulhas Current Listed below is background material on the Agulhas Current Large Marine Ecosystem. To keep this site up-to-date, users are requested to provide relevant information or links to the LME webmaster Brief Description: This LME is characterized by its mixed climate. Situated in the Indian Ocean, it lies off the southeastern margin of the African continent. It includes the continental shelf areas of Mozambique, South Africa, the Comoros Islands, the Seychelles, Madagascar and Mauritius. Its dominant large-scale oceanographic feature is the swift and warm Agulhas current, a western boundary current that forms part of the anticyclonic Indian Ocean gyre. The Global Environment Facility (GEF) is supporting an LME project, presently in the preparation (Block B) stage, for the Agulhas Current and the neighboring Somali Coastal Current LME . Book chapters and articles pertaining to this LME include Andrew et al, 1998, Beckley, 1998, Nguta, 1998, Ragoonaden, 1998, and Tomks Forbes and Cyrus, 1998. I. Productivity:

89. IRIN Africa Southern Africa COMOROS COMOROS Trouble In The Integrated regional Information Networks (IRIN) is a humanitarian news agency Lava flows from the Kartala volcano in the centre of the small island, http://www.irinnews.org/report.asp?ReportID=38294&SelectRegion=Southern_Africa

90. Science Blog -- GENERAL ASSEMBLY HEARS NINE SPEAKERS ON GLOBAL, REGIONAL OUTLOOK Being a small island developing State, comoros faced the same situation. The situation in Afghanistan endangered regional and international security, http://www.scienceblog.com/community/older/archives/L/2000/B/un001511.html

21 September 2000 GA/9777 GENERAL ASSEMBLY HEARS NINE SPEAKERS ON GLOBAL, REGIONAL OUTLOOK The effects of overpopulation and unregulated development would undoubtedly create new pressures on the environment in the coming century, Ioannis Kasoulides, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Cyprus, told the General Assembly this morning as it continued its general debate. Small island States, vulnerable to such phenomena as global warming, the rising water level and the increasing scarcity of water resources, were particularly concerned. Regarding the question of Cyprus, he said reference had been made to so-called “realities” in Cyprus. The one and only reality was the imperative need for peace and reconciliation through a mutually acceptable solution within the parameters of United Nations resolutions. He appealed to the Turkish side to capitalize on the current favourable environment in order to reach a comprehensive settlement, based on Security Council resolutions calling for a bi-zonal, bi-communal Federal Republic of Cyprus, with a single sovereignty, citizenship and international personality, comprising two politically equal communities. Luvsangiin Erdenechuluun, Minister for Foreign Affairs of Mongolia, said the United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD X) had underscored the need to create a legal environment to facilitate transit traffic for landlocked developing countries, improve transit infrastructure and increase efficiency of trade by eliminating transport and bureaucratic bottlenecks.

91. Umrabulo No 18, June 2003 virtually controlled the comoros islands together with a band of French The comoros rapidly became a secret staging post funnelling arms from South http://www.anc.org.za/ancdocs/pubs/umrabulo/umrabulo18/treason.html

SOUTH AFRICAN TREASON ARRESTS RESURRECT GHOSTS OF THE PAST by Stan Winer The subversive strategy of white supremacists currently on trial in South Africa should not be viewed in isolation of past strategic doctrines and a ruthless ensemble of clandestine techniques that underpinned the former apartheid state. The subject may be of some importance, because the present derives from the past and the future from both. It also reflects a central problem not only of history but also of all human experience: the problem of truth and illusion. The strategy of at least 10 South African conspirators currently detained on suspicion of high treason and right-wing terrorism is contained in a document uncovered by investigators. Three senior serving SANDF army officers are among the detained men The document outlines plans by the alleged conspirators to establish a rebel army of about 4 500 to overthrow the government and replace it with a military regime run entirely by white supremacists. The alleged conspirators planned first of all to unleash chaos in the country to cover the rebel army's movements while a 50-man death squad would eliminate "traitors" and blame the actions on black people. The rebel army, to "restore order", would then contrive a 10-day electricity blackout under cover of which airports would be closed, aircraft grounded, and arms depots and combat vehicles seized. A final stage would be the inauguration of a military government.

92. An A-Z Of African Studies On The Internet Bg3 Comoro islands Economic Conditions. comoros and the IMF (IMF Updated Comoro islandsHistory. LES COMORES AVANT LA PÉNÉTRATION FRANCAISE par Mahmoud http://www.lib.msu.edu/limb/a-z/az_bg3.html

An A-Z of African Studies on the Internet Part B-G3 Commission-Dictionaries Back to: A-Z of African Studies The Commission for Africa . "The Commission for Africa was launched by the British Prime Minister Tony Blair in February 2004. The aim of the Commission was to take a fresh look at Africa’s past and present and the international community’s role in its development path." Full Report English French : http://www.commissionforafrica.org/ Commonwealth in Africa (ICS Regional Guide to Africa) http://www.sas.ac.uk/commonwealthstudies/library/libafrica.html Commonwealth Heads of Government Meeting, Durban (Nov. 12-15) 1999 http://www.chogm99.org/ "Communication and Democratization in Africa." University of Florida's Center for African Studies 1997 Carter Lectures http://www.uflib.ufl.edu/hss/africana/jrnlism.html Communist ManifestoZulu Isibophezelo Senhlangano Yamakhomanisi / Karl Marx no-Frederick Engels. (Zulu translation of Communist Manifesto) by BRIAN RAMADIRO, foreword by Neville Alexander. ([Egoli]: WOSA (Workers' Organisation for Socialist Action [2002] 60 pages.

93. Comoros Islands - Definition Of Comoros Islands By The Free Online Definition of comoros islands in the Online Dictionary. Meaning of comoros islands.What does comoros islands mean? comoros islands synonyms, comoros http://www.thefreedictionary.com/Comoros Islands

94. Réunion: Map, History And Much More From Answers.com Ré·un·ion ( reyun y?n, ra-ü-nyô N ) An island of France in the history.Arab sailors used to call this island Dina Morgabin ( Western island ). http://www.answers.com/topic/r-union

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Dictionary Encyclopedia Map Local Time Dialing Code Stats Wikipedia Translations Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping R©union Dictionary R©Â·un·ion rē-yà «n yən, rā-¼-ny´ N An island of France in the western Indian Ocean southwest of Mauritius. Previously uninhabited, it was visited by the Portuguese in the early 16th century and first colonized by the French in the mid-1600s as the Isle de Bourbon. Renamed R©union in 1793, it became an overseas department in 1946. Encyclopedia R©union rā¼ny´N ) , island and overseas department of France (1995 est. pop. 666,000), c.970 sq mi (2,510 sq km), one of the Mascarene Islands, in the Indian Ocean c.430 mi (690 km) E of Madagascar. Saint-Denis (the capital) and Le Port (the leading port) are the chief cities. Land, People, and Economy The island is composed mainly of one active and several extinct volcanoes; its highest point is Le Piton des Neiges (10,069 ft/3,069 m). Le Piton de la Fournaise in S R©union is one of the earth's most active volcanoes. Settlement and cultivation are concentrated in the coastal lowlands. Most of the inhabitants are Roman Catholic and speak a creole patois. Since the 19th cent. sugar has been by far the island's chief product and export. Molasses, vanilla, tobacco, tropical fruits, and rum are also produced. History R©union was known to the Arabs and was visited by the Portuguese in the early 16th cent. The island was uninhabited until settled by the French c.1642; its present mixed population is descended from the French settlers and their East African, Indian, and Indochinese slaves (after 1848, when slavery was abolished, indentured laborers). At first a penal colony, R©union became a post of the French East India Company in 1665. In the 18th cent. the island was an exporter of coffee. It was held by Great Britain from 1810 to 1814. After 1815, when coffee no longer could be produced competitively, sugarcane became the main crop. In 1947 the status of R©union was changed from a colony to an overseas department. In the 1980s and 90s, the citizens of R©union sought greater political autonomy and better wages and working conditions.

95. MSN Encarta - Comoros Island Madagascar more Facts and Figures. Quick information and statisticsfor comoros. Encarta Search. Search Encarta about comoros http://uk.encarta.msn.com/encyclopedia_761566120_3/Comoros.html

MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Search ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Tasks Find in this article Print Preview Related Items Island Madagascar more... Facts and Figures Quick information and statistics for Comoros Encarta Search Search Encarta about Comoros Advertisement Page 3 of 4 Comoros Encyclopedia Article Multimedia 3 items Article Outline Introduction Land and Resources Population Economy ... History B Currency The monetary unit of the Comoros Republic is the Comoros franc (382.25 Comoros francs equalled US$1; early 2005), which is part of the Franc Zone V Government Print Preview of Section Under the 1996 constitution, which replaced the 1992 constitution, the head of state was a president elected by universal suffrage for an unlimited number of six-year terms. The legislature consisted of the Federal Assembly, with 43 members elected to a term of five years. The Senate has been abolished. The prime minister, who headed the government, was appointed by the president. As a result of the growing secession movements in the individual islands, a new constitution was approved in 2001 that provides for greater autonomy for the individual islands of the group, while still retaining them as part of a new Union of Comoros. Presidential elections took place in April 2002 for a federal rotating president as well as presidents for each of the three islands. The presidency was won by Azali Assoumani, who had previously been chief of staff and head of state. Each island also has its own constitution. A new national assembly (the Assembl©e de l’Union) was established and in April 2004 the first legislative lections were held. The assembly has 33 seats, 18 elected in single seat constituencies and 15 representatives from the regional parliaments.

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