61. Recent Scholarship The Journal Of American History, 88.3 The Silverstone, Paul H., civil war navies, 1855–1883. (Annapolis Naval Institute Press, 2001. xx, 218 pp. $49.95, ISBN 155750-894-1.) Heavily illustrated. http://www.historycooperative.org/journals/jah/88.3/rs_5.html

You have not been recognized as a subscriber to JAH online. About 293 words from this article are provided below; about 577 words remain. If you are a individual member of the Organization of American Historians, you may: login here if you have already registered for online access. register your subscription Set up your online account for the first time. If you are not a member of the Organization of American Historians, you can: Join the OAH and receive many member benefits including print and electronic issues of the Journal of American History. Purchase a research pass to gain two-hour access to the entire History Cooperative web site. You will have full access to current issues of the Journal of American History (86.1-present). Note: the Research Pass does not provide access to JSTOR's holdings of the Journal of American History. Instititutions can: Subscribe to this journal and receive print and electronic issues. Activate your existing subscription so that we recognize your IP number ranges. Recent Scholarship Civil War and Reconstruction Bennett, Michael J., "'Frictions': Shipboard Relations between White and Contraband Sailors,"

62. The American Civil War Naval War Union and Confederate navies, From Battles and Leaders of the civil war, this is a good description of both navies. USS Monitor Statistics, Contains such http://www.civilwarhome.com/navalwar.htm

The American Civil War "Naval War" This portion of the Home of the Civil War website is designed to provide the reader with a brief insight into a little known aspect of the late Rebellion, The Naval War. While this portion of the Rebellion is little discussed, both the Federal and the Confederate Navies played a vital part in the war. The early establishment of the blockade and Farragut's capture of New Orleans not only brought about the economic strangulation of the South but also killed any hope the Confederates had of French intervention . The Navy also had a critical role in the strategy that split the Confederacy by capturing the line of the Mississippi. In 1861 the US Navy was in a demoralized condition with its 1,457 officers and 7,600 men scattered all over the globe. Less than half of its 90 ships were ready for active service. Of its meager officer personnel, the following defected to the South: 16 captains, 34 commanders, 76 lieutenants, and 111 regular and acting midshipmen (Miller, VI, 78). Abandonment of the Norfolk Navy Yard, 20-21 Apr.'61, resulted in the loss of 11 ships and 3,000 pieces of ordnance. After Gideon Welles was appointed Sec. of the Navy, he and his assistant Sec., Gustavus V. Fox, built the US Navy in four years from 23 to 641 ships of all types. Chronology of Naval Actions A chronological listing of important naval engagements. Not intended as a complete listing of all of the actions.

63. Civil War "Firsts" As the breeding ground for modern warfare, the civil war has long been known for its Ironclad navies Landmine fields Legal voting for servicemen http://www.civilwarhome.com/civilwarfirsts.htm

Civil War "Firsts" As the breeding ground for modern warfare, the Civil War has long been known for its "firsts." It has been credited with dozens like these: A workable machine gun A steel ship A successful submarine A "snorkel" breathing device A wide-ranging corps of press correspondents in battle areas American conscription American bread lines American President assassinated Aerial reconnaissance Antiaircraft fire Army ambulance corps Blackouts and camouflage under aerial observation Cigarette tax Commissioned American Army chaplains Department of justice (Confederate) Electrically exploded bombs and torpedoes Fixed ammunition Field trenches on a grand scale Flame throwers Hospital ships Ironclad navies Land-mine fields Legal voting for servicemen Long-range rifles for general use Medal of Honor Military telegraph Military railroads Naval torpedoes Negro U.S. Army Officer (Major M.R. Delany) Organized medical and nursing corps Photography of battle Railroad artillery Repeating rifles Revolving gun turrets The bugle call, "Taps"

64. USCWC -- Flags, Navies, And Uniforms/Dress USN civil war Medal The US Navy Shipwreck Inventory Project in the State of Maryland US Navy Uniform Regulations, 1864 The USS Constellation http://www.cwc.lsu.edu/cwc/links/cwinfo3.htm

Civil War Information 3 Flags of the Civil War nd Corps Battle Flag Center Banners of Glory Battle Flags of the Orphan Brigade ... Return to the Link Index Naval and Maritime Information African-American Civil War Sailors Identified The American Civil War Naval War Amphibious Warfare: Nineteenth Century The Anaconda Plan ... The Search for the Civil War Steamboat "J.R. Williams" Confederate Rear Admiral Raphael Semmes Raphael Semmes: Naval Officer C.S.S. Alabama Digital Collection Raphael Semmes and the ... Return to the Link Index Uniforms and Dress Changes of the Uniform of the Army Civil War Coat Finds Way Back to State Civil War Uniforms Course Civil War Watches ... Return to the Link Index Note: We are trying to compile ALL Civil War related links that can be found on the Web. If you know of one that isn't listed here, please fill out our form , so we can add it... Thank You! For Questions/Comments, see our Questions Page Last modified: 12/20/04

65. Ironclads And Blockade Runners For the navies, the American civil war began on April 12, 1861 when Fort Sumter was fired upon and ended on June 23, 1865 with the official raising of the blockade. However, the first shots of the war were really those fired at the steamer Star of the West as she approached Charleston Harbor on January 9, 1861 and the cruiser CSS Shenandoah did not finally haul down her flag until November 7, 1865. http://www.wideopenwest.com/~jenkins/ironclads/ironclad.htm

Ironclads and Blockade Runners Of the American Civil War USS Essex near Baton Rouge, 1863 USS Atlanta (ex-CSS Atlanta ) on the James River, 1864 Last updated on 10 January 2003. The combat of the Merrimac and the Monitor made the greatest change in sea-fighting since cannon fired by gunpowder had been mounted on ships... —Winston Churchill, History of the English-Speaking Peoples For the navies, the American Civil War began on 12 April 1861 when Fort Sumter was fired upon, and it ended on 23 June 1865 with the official raising of the blockade. However, the first shots of the war were really those fired at the steamer Star of the West as she approached Charleston Harbor on 9 January 1861; and the cruiser CSS Shenandoah did not finally haul down her flag until 7 November 1865. In between these dates occurred more naval actions than in the rest of the world combined in the period between 1815 and 1914. Usually thought of as a land war, the American Civil War was also by far the largest naval war of the era. Action occurred in the English Channel, in the Indian Ocean, and the Bering Sea, as well as along the Southern and Northern coasts and up the rivers. Some hardly qualified as skirmishes; some were wholesale battles with major strategic consequences. At the junction of naval warfare and industrial technology were two very special types of ship, the likes of which had hardly ever been seen before in the world. The ironclads were the advent of the modern armored, self-propelled warship, and the blockade runners took wholesale smuggling to new technological heights. Under the immense pressure of war, technology advanced at a breakneck pace. These pages are dedicated to these fascinating ships, their designers, and the valiant crews of both sides who sailed and fought them.

66. Civil War Navy Dispatches OFFICIAL RECORDS OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE navies IN THE war OF THE REBELLION the official navy records of the American civil war — commonly called http://www.wtj.com/archives/acwnavies/

OFFICIAL RECORDS OF THE UNION AND CONFEDERATE NAVIES IN THE WAR OF THE REBELLION The Hampton Roads Battles of March 8th and 9th, 1862. Union Navy Records, October 17, 1861 to March 7, 1862. Covers the construction of the USS Monitor and the preparations (including spying) of the blockade fleet at Hampton Roads. Union Navy Records, Hampton Roads battles. Union Navy and Army telegrams and reports relating to the naval battle fought at Hampton Roads on March 8 and 9, 1862. Includes reports from the steam frigate USS Minnesota and the ironclad USS Monitor. Confederate Navy Records, September 20, 1861 to March 7, 1862. Covers the rebuilding of the steam frigate USS Merrimack into the CSS Virginia, her much delayed provisioning and preparations (also including spying) for the attack on the blockading Union fleet at Hampton Roads. Confederate Navy Records, Report of Flag-Officer Franklin Buchanan - After-action combat report written by the commander of the Confederate ironclad CSS Virginia (former USS Merrimack) after her famous battles at Hampton Roads on March 8 and 9, 1862. www.wtj.com

67. Civil War Naval Forces Index Images of the navies , CS, US Photos; Ships of the civil war Illustrations, descriptions, alphabetically arranged; American Memory, Selected civil war http://www.tarleton.edu/~kjones/navy.html

INDEX OF CIVIL WAR NAVAL FORCES CONFEDERATE AND UNION SHIPS [Go directly to Confederate or Union vessels] General Information, Confederate States and United States navies Bibliography Dictionary of American Naval Fighting Ships Capsule descriptions, various ships by type C.S.N. vessels [ Alphabetical listing 1 Similar page U.S.N. vessels [ Listing, by category of vessel Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion Full text, no index Excerpts Collections: illustrations of individual ships Images of the "Navies", CS, US [ Photos Ships of the Civil War [ Illustrations, descriptions, alphabetically arranged American Memory, Selected Civil War Photos [ Photos Ships of the U.S. Navy [ Illustrations, descriptions, alphabetical Raising the Civil War Gunboats [ General information on sunken vessels and their modern rescue Western Rivers and the Gulf of Mexico General Historical Information Confederate States Navy [ History, from Confederate Military History History Capsule history Confederate Marine Corps [ Reenactors' page: brief notes Casualties, US Naval and Marine personnel [

68. Navies The American civil war. The navies. CSS Alabama, Naval Historical Center The United States Navy in the civil war, Gary Matthews; CSS Virginia Home Page http://www.homepages.dsu.edu/jankej/civilwar/navies.htm

Dakota State University Madison, SD, USA The American Civil War The Navies C.S.S. Alabama, Naval Historical Center C.S.S. Alabama Digital Collection , U of Alabama The Brown Water Navy, Gary Matthews U.S.S. Cairo , USS Cairo Museum, Vicksburg National Military Park, Vicksburg, MS U.S.S. Cairo Photo Album Civil War Navies , Foenander Confederate States Navy , Museum, Library, and Research Institute The Denbigh Project CSS Georgia , photo Hampton Roads Naval Museum U.S.S. Harvest Moon Home Page , Walter Smith History of Confederate Submarine Hunley and Its Rediscovery C.S.S. Hunley , recovery and preservation updates Hunley Web Site , Friends of the Hunley The Hunley in Historical Context Hunley news: Confederate submarine about to rise again Civil War sub brought to surface Sunken Confederate submarine is raised After raising sub ... Post and Courier TNT Movie: The Hunley John's Nautical Links List , "The Mother of all Maritime Links," John Kohnen Index of Civil War Naval Forces , Ken Jones Index of Confederate Naval Vessels , with descriptions Ironclads and Blockade Runners Mariners' Museum Maritime History Virtual Archives Matthew F. Maury

69. Navies Introduction merica’s unpreparedness for the civil war was strikingly evident on the high seas. The meager federal navy had in commission only ninety ships, http://www.civilwar.si.edu/navies_intro.html

70. Online Catalog - Civil War Titles Photographic History of the civil war Text with nonprintable pictures, The military movements of the Armies and navies were studied extensively to http://www.hbar.com/CWTitles.htm

H-Bar Enterprises, Inc. Home Return to Ehistory.com Contact us To Order ... Hardware Requirements Your online source for Books on CD and Digital Printing Services! Civil War Titles New!! Exceptional Value! Special CD Set: Civil War Reference Library 238 Vols The Official Records-128 Vols; Photographic History of the Civil War - Text with nonprintable pictures, no clipart; Confederate Military History; Southern Historical Society Papers; 1 vol. U. S. Grant; 9 vols. Lincoln; 10 vols Jefferson Davis; Special 3 CD Set- $ 89.95 Old Confederate Veteran: 1893-1912 $41.95 The Old Confederate Veteran Magazine was published in the interest of Confederate Veterans in the years following the Civil War. The purpose was to furnish these veterans, as well as the general public, with articles, stories, and pictures on the subject of the Civil War that would appeal to everyone, even Northerners. These magazines are especially useful for those people interested in genealogy and looking for their ancestors who fought in the war, because they contain thousands of names. Naval Official Record - North Atlantic Subset $21.95

71. Naval Warfare Of The American Civil War During the American civil war, dramatic changes in the conduct and nature of war occurred on both Official Records of the Union and Confederate navies http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/uscivilwaratsea/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Military History Naval Warfare U.S. Civil War at Sea Homework Help Military History Essentials Share Your Research ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Military History newsletter! See Online Courses Search Military History Naval Warfare of the American Civil War During the American Civil War, dramatic changes in the conduct and nature of war occurred on both land and sea. However, with the rise of the ironclads, the use of submarines, and the implementation of greater firepower, the navies of the Union and the Confederacy were ushering in an entirely new era of warfare. Learn more about these exciting developments here. Alphabetical Recent Up a category U.S.S. Monitor versus C.S.S. Virginia (Merrimac) On March 9, 1862, military history was made when two ironclad ships met in combat at the battle of Hampton Roads. Read about this inconclusive engagement and its importance to the art of war. Battle of Mobile Bay, 5 August 1864

72. Civil War Battle The invention of ironclads in the civil war set examples for the future of ship of the Northern and Southern navies to the Fighting of the civil war. http://www.studyworld.com/newsite/ReportEssay/History/American\Civil_War_Battle-

Home Studyworld Studynotes Quotes History ... American History "AND" "OR" Civil War Battle Oakwood Mgt. Contact Us

73. CWN Book Reviews The author is an acknowledged expert on the civil war Union Navy and his As is generally understood, the civil war found all navies at the tail end of http://www.civilwarnews.com/reviews/bookreviews.cfm?ID=687

74. Civil War And Pre-Civil War Sites navies of the civil war Gunboats Images of ships and naval battles Ships and Photos Ironclads and Blockade Runners great photos http://www.rochesterschools.com/rms/civwar.htm

Civil War Sites This page was updated 7/18/03 GENERAL RESOURCES The American Civil War Homepage - This is the place to start when researching the Civil War. The History Place/ A Nation Divided - A timeline, links, pictures. Middle School Cybrary: the Civil War - Many, many, many links. American Civil War: Resources on the Internet American Civil War - battles, generals, women, prisons, and much more. Timeline of the Civil War - links and photos The Civil War Homepage Military History: the Civil War - Over 100 links, biographies, battles, general resources, etc. Timeline of the Civil War - with maps Maps of the Civil War - battles, states, etc. Civil War.com - timelime, battles, places, documents and music. GENERALS, PEOPLE Sherman's March to the Sea - letters, journals, diaries, maps and information and links related to Sherman and his march through the South. The Ulysses S. Grant Network

75. Civil War gave a statement to the US civil war Navy on Virginia’s James River, The Official Records of the Union and Confederate navies in the war of the http://www.bjmjr.com/civwar/cvb_freeman.htm

Civil War: African Americans Virginia’s Augustus Freeman Briefs the Union Navy on the James C. V. Brooks (Constance Brooks) Names on Record: A Journal Featuring Virginians of African Descent (Civil War Sailors) I did hear them say that if they got their blow up invention to work they would whip you all out of the river directly – Augustus Freeman , USS Agawam James River, June 1, 1864 I heard it said that Beauregard was to whip the land forces here while Pegram whipped the fleet – that they were to attack together. Pegram was not to stop after whipping the fleet but keep right on to City Point and attack the transports – and Beauregard was to push the army and capture or destroy them - Augustus Freeman , USS Agawam James River, June 1, 1864 Less than a month before Augustus Freeman gave a statement to the U.S. Civil War Navy on Virginia’s James River, Union sailors captured two Confederates ready to blow up the first U.S. Navy vessel crossing a specific unexploded torpedo (now called a mine). That mine in the James River was directly in front of a gunboat which is of great personal interest to this researcher, who (in

76. American Civil War "Official Records" A User s Guide to the Official Records of the American civil war. Official Records of the Union and Confederate navies in the war of the Rebellion. http://www.lib.msu.edu/unsworth/american/civwar/offrec.htm

AMERICAN CIVIL WAR "OFFICIAL RECORDS" SETS Last updated : December 14, 2004 Page Editor: Michael Unsworth "Official Records" Sets: Armies Navies For a detailed description of the sources listed below, see Musick, Michael P. " Honorable Reports Battles, Campaigns, and Skirmishes Civil War Records and Research," Prologue: the Journal of the National Archives ( Fall 1995, vol. 27, no. 3) MAIN ARMIES Print War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies . Washington, D.C.: Secretary of War, Government Printing Office, 1881-1901, 129 vols. MAIN REMOTE Online versions: M aking of America e History The set is organized into four separate topical series: I. Military Operations II. Prisoner of War Documents III. Miscellaneous Records, including Correspondence IV. Miscellaneous Confederate Records. Its three volume atlas is at SPECIAL Oversize E464 .U61 suppl . A one-volume reprint edition is at MAP Supersize Altas G1201.S5 U6 1958.

77. Monitor: The Story Of The Legendary Civil War Ironclad And The Men Whose Inventi So at the very outset of the civil war both Secretaries of the navies, Union Gideon Welles and Confederate Stephen Mallory, started bureaucratic balls http://strategypage.com/bookreviews/152.asp

September 20, 2005 Home Prediction Market HTMW Wars ... Search Book Reviews Return to Book Review Index Monitor: The Story of the Legendary Civil War Ironclad and the Men Whose Invention Changed the Course of Naval History , by James Tertius de Kay New York: Random House/Ballantine Books, 1997. Pp. 247. Illus, diagr, notes, biblio., index. $11.95 paperback. ISBN:0345426355. Although the battle between the USS Monitor and the CSS Virginia/Merrimac on March 9, 1862, has taken on near cult proportions in the United States, published works have largely centered around Monitor and its brilliant design engineer, John Ericsson, as well as accounts of the battle which have heavily depended on the memoirs of acting paymaster William Frederick Keeler. In this short popular history, James de Kay tells well a larger and more interesting story of that fateful encounter. Biographical material on Ericsson is provided. A significant fact is that the Navy Department had held Ericsson in contempt for years as Capt. Robert Stockton had deflected blame to the Swede for a gun explosion that took place on board the USS Princeton in 1844, killing eight, including the secretary of state, the secretary of war, and Col. David Gardiner, father of President John Tyler's fiancée. (Oddly, the light carrier USS

78. The Civil War In Virginia civil war sites in Virginia. Records of the Union and Confederate navies in the war of the Rebellion (from Cornell University Making of America) http://www.virginiaplaces.org/military/civwar.html

@import url(../styles/base.css); Civil War in Virginia Ambrose Bierce is credited with the sardonic comment, "War is God's way of teaching Americans geography..." Site of Civil War Hospital in Mount Jackson, between Winchester and Staunton (most Civil War hospitals were in areas remote from fighting but near railroads, which brought the wounded and supplies... but Mount Jackson was in the middle of the Shenandoah Valley battles in 1864) The physical geography of Virginia affected where the armies marched, where they camped, and where they fought. The war made a lot of places in Virginia special , even "hallowed." Efforts to preserve the special places today reflect the geography of tourism. On to Richmond in 1861 Map of the Virginia Railroads at the Start of the Civil War After First Manassas The 1862 Peninsula Campaign ... Yorktown in the Civil War Links 1864 - The Valley Aflame Alexander Street Press - The American Civil War: Letters and Diaries American Civil War - original sources related to Virginia: Memoirs: Archibald Atkinson, Jr, Surgeon, CSA, 31st Virgina Infantry and 10th Virginia Cavalry,1861-65

79. NARA - Prologue - Prologue Researching Confederate Marines in the civil war By Trevor K. Plante The Official Records of the Union and Confederate navies in the war of the http://www.archives.gov/publications/prologue/2001/winter/confederate-marines-in

var sectionSearchOn = true; @import url("/includes/css/main-import.css"); Skip Navigation NARA Archives.gov Home Subject Index ... FAQs Search Search All NARA Web Pages Search Current Section Only Advanced Search Form Prologue Magazine Home Publications ... Winter 2001 Prologue Prologue Main Page Current Issue Genealogy Notes Selected Articles ... Special Issues Resources Subscribe Now Write for Prologue Contact All Publications ... Bookmark Page Winter 2001, Vol. 33, No. 4 Researching Confederate Marines in the Civil War By Trevor K. Plante A carded record for Pvt. J. F. Flynn of the Confederate States Marines. (War Department Collection of Confederate Records, RG 109) A common reaction that many researchers have when first confronted with a reference to the Confederate States Marine Corps is, "There was a Confederate Marine Corps?" Genealogists familiar with researching Confederate soldiers and sailors rarely, if ever, investigate the Confederate Marine Corps. One of the reasons for a lack of interest in this subject is simple math. One historian has estimated that the Confederate Marine Corps never exceeded more than six hundred marines at a given time and that no more than twelve hundred men served as Confederate marines during the Civil War. At six hundred men, the C.S. Marine Corps was equivalent in size to a Confederate infantry regiment.

80. 8. Texas In The Civil War: Part A (Links To Material About All Or Most Of The Ci Official Records of the Union and Confederate navies in the war of the Rebellion Material about the naval involvement of Texas in the civil war. http://home.austin.rr.com/rgriffin/texhisdocs08a.html

Links to Some Texas History Primary Source Documents on the Internet 8. Texas in the Civil War: Part A (Links to material about all or most of the Civil War era) (Back to Main Page) (Back to Civil War Table of Contents) United States. War Department . The War of the Rebellion: A Compilation of the Official Records of the Union and Confederate Armies (1880-1901). Much material about the military involvement of Texas in the Civil War. If you know the series, volume, and page number(s), find the section titled "Browse the War of the Rebellion by volume." Follow links and directions to the exact page(s) you need. If you do not have a specific document in mind, but wish to search for some name, place, battle, etc., having to do with Texas and the Civil War, find the section titled, "Search The War of the Rebellion" and choose "simple search." Enter your search term. At the next screen, scroll down to the page link or links. Link to document United States. Naval War Records Office. Official Records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion (1894-1922). Material about the naval involvement of Texas in the Civil War. If you know the series, volume, and page number, find the section titled "Browse Official records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion by volume." Follow links and directions to the exact page(s) you need. If you do not have a specific document in mind, but wish to search for some name, place, naval engagement, etc., having to do with Texas and the Civil War, find the section titled, "Search The Official records of the Union and Confederate Navies in the War of the Rebellion" and choose "simple search." Enter your search term. At the next screen, scroll down to the page link or links.

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