81. Periodical Cicada, Magicicada Septendecim - A Guide To Common Insects And Diseas Periodical cicada Magicicada septendecim. USDA Forest Service. 1979. A guide to common insects and diseases of forest trees in the northeastern United http://www.forestpests.org/northeast/periodicalscale.html

Home About Us Partners Help Search: Advanced Search Forest Pests of North America Insects Diseases Weeds Other Agents ... Forest Pest Images Periodical Cicada Magicicada septendecim USDA Forest Service. 1979. A guide to common insects and diseases of forest trees in the northeastern United States. Northeast. Area State Priv. For., For. Insect and Disease Management., Broomall, PA. p. 123, illus. Oaks, hickory, honey locust, dogwood, apple, and peach seem to be the most susceptible to cicada attack, but several other tree species, such as elm, ash, sweetgum, sycamore, yellow-poplar, walnut, and redbud, may be affected. The adult female causes the damage by using her sawlike ovipositor to lay eggs in the bark of branches. The most serious damage, which appears in the form of flagging, wilting, and broken branches, is found on young, transplanted trees in nurseries and orchards. Females lay eggs in pockets in the bark during April and May. When the eggs hatch, the nymphs fall and enter the ground, feeding on the roots of many plants. When nymphs are full grown, they emerge from the ground, climb on some object, and molt to become adults. The adults are about 1½ inches long. The female is completely black on top, while the male has four to five abdominal segments that are orange-brown on top. Sometimes the nymphal cast skin can be used to determine the causal agent of branch injury. Each generation requires 13 to 17 years. Damage; Oviposition slits

82. Insect Sounds From The Forests Of Northern Thailand sounds of cicadas and crickets in the wild recorded in the forests of Northern Thailand. insects sounds from the forests of Northern Thailand. cicadas http://www.thaibugs.com/sounds.htm

insects sounds from the forests of Northern Thailand cicadas Aola bindusara Ayuthia spectabile Cicada ventriroselus Cryptotympana aquila ... ndubia interemata D u ndubia nagarasingna Dundu b ... Meimuna new M eimuna tavoyana O rientopsaltria cantavis Platylo m i ... Pompona scitula P omponia dolorosa Pomponia fuscuoides Pomponia intermedia P omponia intermedia Pomponia linearis Salvazana mirabilis Tosena albata ... a cicada gets going To s ena albata lowland cicada cicadas from doi inthanon: number 1 number 2 number 3 ... Doi Pui unidentified evening cicadas: number 1 number 2 other unidentified cicadas: number 1 number 2 ... the blessed silence when the cicadas have stopped crickets cricket chirping According to local lore, a cricket chirping outside your house means a visitor will be calling. crickets in rhythm c horus of frogs with crickets more cricket rhythm other insects carpenter bee carpenter bee and cricket blue bee looking for a flower to alight on longhorn beetle ... death's head hawk moth other creatures chorus of squirrels and frogs 1.26 MB

83. The Summer Of Singing Cicadas - February - Scribbly Gum - ABC Science Online Australian cicadas are the loudest insects in the world, and right now Black Princes, Another littleknown fact is that cicadas suffer from insect VD. http://www.abc.net.au/science/scribblygum/February2001/default.htm

ABC Home Radio Television News ... print friendly The Summer of Singing Cicadas Names In suburbia Pets Sound ... photos The Green Grocer is the loudest insect in the world. Image: Max Moulds, Australian Museum [ more pics There are just under 2000 species of cicada around the world. In Australia around 220 species have been identified, most of which belong to the one large Cicadidae family. Their sudden appearance in the summer months, mysterious feeding habits and striking song have attracted attention to cicadas for thousands of years. Most children in Australia have climbed backyard trees to collect these noisy insects and kept them in an old shoe box lined with leaves. They don't bite, they aren't regarded as a pest and they're harmless to humans. But there's a lot more to our shrill summertime visitors than meets the eye. Colourful Names The common names for cicadas vary widely around the world. In Australia, children were the first to coin the common name for many cicadas - names that have been dutifully passed down from generation to generation of cicada hunters. Probably the best known and most mysterious is the Black Prince Psaltoda plaga ) followed closely by the Green Grocer Cyclochila australasiae ). Other popular names include the

84. Periodical Cicada, Magicicada Septendecim (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) @ Insect Images periodical cicada. Insects Rasping, Piercing and Sucking Insects Insecta (Hexapoda) Hemiptera Cicadidae Magicicada septendecim (Linnaeus) http://www.insectimages.org/browse/subimages.cfm?SUB=267

85. Bug Bites - Baltimoresun.com Cicadas are the truffles of the insect world, says Gaye Williams, an entomologist with the Maryland Department of Agriculture in Annapolis. http://www.baltimoresun.com/news/health/bal-fo.cicada19may19,0,2586993.story?col

86. Soon, The Deafening Calls To That One In A Gazillion (washingtonpost.com) By itself, a male cicada pumps out a fair amount of noise for a bug. following the lead taken by cicadas in some warmer southern states the insects http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/articles/A29974-2004May15.html

thisNode = 'metro/specials/cicadas'; commercialNode =''; var SA_Message="SACategory=" + thisNode; Hello Edit Profile Sign Out Sign In Register Now ... Subscribe to SEARCH: News Web var ie = document.getElementById?true:false; ie ? formSize=27 : formSize=24 ; document.write(''); Top 20 E-mailed Articles washingtonpost.com Metro Special Reports ... Cicadas Soon, the Deafening Calls To That One in a Gazillion By Cameron W. Barr Washington Post Staff Writer Sunday, May 16, 2004; Page C01 By itself, a male cicada pumps out a fair amount of noise for a bug. But a few thousand of them, packed wing-to-wing on tree branches, can sound at close range as loud as a subway train entering a station. Or a screaming child. Or a jackhammer. So that is the volume: maximum. And the quality of the sound? Otherworldly. "Organic white noise," says David Kane, a Silver Spring composer. Christine Simon, one of the country's premier cicada experts, a precisely spoken evolutionary biologist, resorts to Hollywood to find a metaphor. A mass of singing cicadas, she says, sounds like "flying saucers from a 1950s sci-fi film." For the next few weeks, in the District and 15 eastern states, the insects' droning-hissing-clicking roar will become the outdoor soundtrack of this spring and early summer.

87. Cicadas Of Michigan Cicadas are insects belonging to the family Cicadidae in the order Homoptera. Cicadas are recognizable by their large size ( 1 inch) and clear wings held http://insects.ummz.lsa.umich.edu/fauna/Michigan_Cicadas/Michigan/Index.html

The University Of Michigan Museum of Zoology Insect Division Cicadas of Michigan Page About Cicadas: About This Page: This page illustrates the ten cicada species known from the state of Michigan. The pictures show (from left to right) male dorsal view, male ventral view, female dorsal view, and female ventral view. The scale in the photographs is 1 cm long. Click below each picture to hear male calling songs of each species [8-bit 22kHz AIFF or WAV]. We have provided whole calling songs when possible; species with very long repetitive songs are represented by a smaller fragment to keep the file size manageable. Also keep in mind that insect sounds vary with temperature, particularly in temporal qualities. See the Diceroprocta vitripennis and Tibicen linnei calling song samples below for examples of temperature effect. Identification: You can scroll down this page to identify a cicada specimen, or you can click here to use modified versions of the dichotomous identification keys included in Alexander et al. (1972). The photographs, sound files, and keys in this web resource cannot be considered to be a substitute for the opinion of a trained entomologist; they should be used for tentative identification only. No two specimens of a species are identical, and variation in cicadas of such characters as coloration patterns and size can be substantial. Note: The cicadas featured on this page have wide distributions, with geographic variation in song and appearance. Some of the songs and specimens on this page were obtained from outside the state of Michigan and thus may differ slightly from typical Michigan specimens, although any such differences are unlikely to cause confusion among these species. Colors (especially green) may not be accurate, due to the photographic process used and the state of preservation of the museum specimens.

88. Bugs As Food: Humans Bite Back The emergence of billions of cicadas in the US next month has some people Most of the world s people eagerly munch on insects, which are low in fat, http://news.nationalgeographic.com/news/2004/04/0416_040416_eatingcicadas.html

Site Index Subscribe Shop Search Top 15 Most Popular Stories NEWS Front Page Environment Health Offbeat ... Video in the News SPECIAL SERIES The Genographic Project Pulse of the Planet National Geographic Channel RESOURCES (What's this?) Contact Us Front Page Bugs as Food: Humans Bite Back By Maryann Mott for National Geographic News April 16, 2004 Imagine sitting down to the dinner table and being served a bowl of thick, slimy larvae. It's enough to make most Americans' stomachs turn. But in other countries that same meal makes people's mouths water. In Thailand, open-air markets sell silkworms, grasshoppers, and water bugs by the pound. Movie theaters in South America sell roasted ants as snacks instead of popcorn, and Japanese supermarkets stock their shelves with aquatic insect larvae. Survivor or Fear Factor. Contestants gobble down stink beetles, leeches, and cave spiders while viewers watch, squirming in disgust. But what many viewers don't realize is that they have more in common with contestants than they think. "It's estimated that the average human eats one pound (half a kilogram) of insects each year unintentionally," says Lisa Monachelli, director of youth and family programs at New Canaan Nature Center in Connecticut.

89. Insects In Kansas Insects with gradual metamorphosis include true bugs, roaches, cicadas, leafhoppers, lice, termites, mantids, earwigs, crickets, grasshoppers and walking http://www.gpnc.org/insects.htm

are in the Class Insecta within the Phylum Arthropoda. have three body parts - head, thorax and abdomen do not have bones! Instead they have an exoskeleton The primary compound in the exoskeleton which gives it stiffness and strength is chitin have six legs. have one or two pairs of wings as an adult (with some exceptions). have one pair of antennae (singular - antenna) on the head. have two compound eyes made up of many small simple eyes called ommatidia (singular - ommatidium) In addition, most insects have one to three simple eyes called ocelli (singular - ocellus) transform as they grow through a process called metamorphosis The most advanced types of insects go through four stages - egg, larva, pupa and adult. This is called complete metamorphosis. The larval stage does little except eat and grow. Larvae may be slow-moving like a worm or caterpillar or they may have be fairly active with well-developed feelers and legs. Ordinarily a larva has a constant appearance throughout its life. But a few species of insects (mainly certain beetles and flies) have more than one kind of larva! These are said to undergo hypermetamorphosis.

90. Virtual Exhibit On Canada´s Biodiversity - Focus On Insects a site about Canadian biodiversity with a focus on insects. Special Characteristics Cicadas are recognized by their characteristic shape and large size http://collections.ic.gc.ca/biodiversity/family/Cicadidae.html

Habitat Adults: terrestrial Immatures: terrestrial Feeding Habits Adults: phytophagous Immatures: phytophagous Size: 25 to 50 mm Flight : strong flier North American Species: 9 in Canada Homoptera Cicadidae Cicadas Front Wings: membranous Hind Wings: membranous Mouthparts: sucking Antenna Length: shorter than body Antenna Shape: straight Front Legs: unmodified Hind Legs: unmodified Special Characteristics: Cicadas are recognized by their characteristic shape and large size. The antennae are very short and bristlelike. Comments: These insects are famous for their very loud songs. The sound is produced by the males and each species has its own song. When handled or disturbed they also emit a disturbance squawk or protest sound. Some cicadas have a very long life cycle, with immatures spending several years underground feeding on the roots of trees. Species: Tibicen canicularis (Harr) Common Name: Dog-day cicada Distribution: Comments: Adults appear each year in July and August. Eggs are linserted into the twigs of trees and shrubs. This can cause the terminal part of the twig to die. In years when adults are numerous, the egg laying can do a lot of damage to young trees.

91. Cicadas And Leafhoppers Entomology Image Gallery Cicadas and Leafhoppers. Cicadas and Leafhoppers. Aphids Aphid mummy Aphids and molted skins Aphids on corn tassel http://www.ent.iastate.edu/imagegal/homoptera/

Previews: Off On Entomology Department Image Gallery Insect Zoo ... Cicadas and Leafhoppers Cicadas and Leafhoppers Aphids Aphid mummy Aphids and molted skins Aphids on corn tassel ... Iowa State University Entomology Department . Last modified July 10, 2002 by John VanDyk

92. University Of Kentucky Entomology For Kids Only male cicadas sing. Their songs are produced by two drumlike organs called tymbals, Insects All Year cartoon courtesy of C. Ware, copyright 1998 http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/Entomology/ythfacts/allyr/cicadas.htm

[Home] [For Kids] [Bugfood!] [Mystery Bug] ... [For Teachers and Parents] University of Kentucky Department of Entomology How Cicadas Sing by Stephanie Bailey Entomology Extension Specialist We've entered the dog days of summer. With the heat and humidity come the sights and sounds of the dog day cicadas. Cicadas are very distinctive, both for their large black and green bodies and for the songs they sing throughout afternoons and evenings. Only male cicadas sing. Their songs are produced by two drumlike organs called tymbals which are attached to powerful muscles on the underside of the abdomen, next to the thorax. The "eardrums" or tympana lie behind the tymbals. When the muscles attached to the tymbals are tensed and then released, the tymbals resonate, producing the characteristic song. The mechanism is similar to tapping a metal lid many times in succession. Different species of cicadas produce slightly different songs. By "singing," the cicadas are able to congregate nearby populations of males and females of the same species. Cicada taken from University of Kentucky Extension Publication 4DC-04SA, A Key to Insect Orders

93. Periodical Cicadas In Kentucky Cicadas are distinctive insects with sucking mouthparts and two pairs of clear wings Cicadas are the loudest of insects. Males produce their sounds with http://www.uky.edu/Ag/Entomology/entfacts/trees/ef446.htm

University of Kentucky Entomology EntFacts Information Sheets PERIODICAL CICADAS IN KENTUCKY by D. W. Johnson and L. H. Townsend Extension Entomologists Cicadas are distinctive insects with sucking mouthparts and two pairs of clear wings that are held roof-like over the body. They tend to stay in the tops of trees so we usually hear these noisy insects more than we see them. Several cicada species occur in Kentucky and all spend most of their multi-year life cycle underground where the immature stages feed on sap from tree roots. Periodical cicadas are those that have spectacular adult emergences, or "broods", which occur at predictable (13-year or 17-year) intervals. There are twelve 17-year broods, most in the northen states. Three 13-year broods occur mostly in the south and midwest. Broods are designated by Roman numerals. Most cicada species are not periodical so some adult cicadas can be seen every year. The adults are out for 2 to 6 weeks to mate and lay eggs, then they die. Periodical cicadas can cause significant injury to trees in orchards and nurseries, brambles and woody ornamental plants. To most Kentuckians, a brood emergence is no more than an interesting curiosity or temporary nuisance. They cannot sting and are not known to carry any plant diseases. While the mass emergence is striking, the racket produced by these insects also is impressive. Cicadas are the loudest of insects. Males produce their sounds with specialized abdominal structures called tymbals. The calls primarily are used to attract females but an "alarm" noise is produced if a cicada is caught. Apparently the long life cycles and synchronized emergences of periodical cicadas allow them to escape natural control by predators that range from birds to spiders to snakes. In emergence years, cicada numbers can be so high that predators apparently can eat all they want without significantly reducing the population. Consequently, predators cannot build up in response because these cicadas are available as food only once every 13 or 17 years.

94. NCSU: ENT/ort-17 CICADAS Cicadas are medium to large insects with long, transparent wings held peaked over the body when at rest. The antennae are two short bristles. http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/ent/notes/O&T/shrubs/note17/note17.html

CICADAS CAUTION- This note was developed for North Carolina and may not apply to other areas. General Information Biology Control Other Resources General Information Magicicada species and others, Cicadidae, HOMOPTERA Cicadas are sometimes incorrectly called harvest-flies or "locusts". (They are not flies and true locusts are Old World grasshoppers). Cicadas are medium to large insects with long, transparent wings held peaked over the body when at rest. The antennae are two short bristles. The annual dog-day cicadas Tibicen sp.) which occur every summer, are large, stout, dark insects with lighter markings and greenish margins on the wings. Some of the dogday cicadas are 2 inches long including the wings. At least seven species of Tibicen are found in North Carolina. One species of Cicada and the petite Melampsalta calliope also occur here. The harmless, but intimidating cicada killer wasps are predators of annual cicadas. There are several species of periodical cicadas Magicicada ). Disagreements still exist about the separation of some of these as distinct species. Some emerge on 13-year cycles and some emerge on 17-year cycles. Brood emergences usually contain more than one species. The periodical cicadas are all similar in appearance: 1 to 1.5 inches long including the wings. The eyes, legs and margins of the wings are orange. Periodical cicadas sing and fly in spring, whereas other species of cicadas are active during the summer.

95. Animal Inventory (Insects)--Homoptera: Cicadas, Hoppers, Psyllids, Whiteflies, A Nature The Hilton Pond Center s Hompoteran checklist includes species of cicadas and other homopterans found locally. http://www.hiltonpond.org/ChecklistHomopteraMain.html

Nature, hummingbirds, birds and bird banding, wildflowers, and trees at Hilton Pond Center-the Web's most comprehensive site for plants, animals, and natural history of the Piedmont HOME: www.hiltonpond.org GENERAL INFO CONTENTS RESEARCH ... MISCELLANY - ANIMAL INVENTORY - HOMOPTERA: CICADAS, HOPPERS, PSYLLIDS, Dog-day Cicada, Tibicen pruinosa The following species of Cicadas, Hoppers, Psyllids, Whiteflies, Aphids and Scale Insects (Homoptera) have been positively identified at Hilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History We are just beginning our formal survey of homopterans, so please check back later for the results of our work. (Photos and/or other information are available by clicking on underlined common names below.) NOTE: If you have expertise in homopteran identification and would like to help survey the species at Hilton Pond Center , please contact us at RESEARCH CICADIDAE (Cicada Family) Dog-day Cicada Tibicen pruinosa (photo above) Up to Top of Page Back to Insect Main Page Back to Animal Inventory If you found this information useful or interesting, please Support Hilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History It's painless, and YOU can make a difference!

96. Cicadas (DesertUSA) All about the insects, Cicadas, their scientific names, common names, description, behavior, range, habitats and life cycle. http://www.desertusa.com/mag98/july/papr/du_cicada.html

Cicadas Genera Magicicada Tibicen That humming, buzzing chorus of insects heard on summer nights is usually due to cicadas small, stout-bodied, large-headed insects with sucking mouth parts. Cicadas are usually green with red and black markings. They are an inch or more in length and have 2 pair of wings. Cicadas also have a 3-jointed beak, an abdomen of six segments, prominent compound eyes, and three eyes (ocelli). Range Mojave, Great Basin, Chihuahuan and Sonoran deserts throughout the southwest. Habitat Desert, grasslands and woodlands up to 5,000 feet. Description Cicadas are of the Family Cicadidae , Order Homoptera . They represent the genera Magicicada and Tibicen . About 1,500 species of cicadas are known, usually occupying deserts, grasslands and forests. More than 100 species are found in North. The Dog-Day Cicada ( Tibicen ) appears yearly in midsummer, but there are also periodic cicadas. The most common of these is the black and green Harvest Fly, which matures in two years. The best-known of these is the 17-Year Cicada ( Magicicada ), which lives only in the United States. After 17 years of dormancy underground, this species emerges for 5 weeks of activity in the sunlight, and then dies. With the exception of the termite queen, this cicada is probably the longest living insect. The 17-year Cicada is often incorrectly called the 17-year Locust. True locusts are grasshoppers.

97. Children And Cicadas The local or school library may have books about cicadas, or insects in general. At the Salt the Sandbox site, there s a nice list of books for children and http://www.agnr.umd.edu/HotTopics/Cicadas/cicada_kids.htm

Helping Children Enjoy the Cicadas Susan K. Walker, Ph.D. Family Life Specialist Get Ready for the Cicadas of 2004 This year’s visit from the Brood X cicadas is a terrific opportunity to acquaint children with a natural science phenomenon and learn more about insects. Exploring information about cicadas and the seventeen year pattern of their behavior, and observing them during the six week period of their emergence can be fun and interesting. For some children, learning more about the insects before they arrive mid-May may help to calm their fears. Insects can be scary to young children and the sight of a swarm of cicadas can be fairly frightening. So, learning about cicadas with the family will help them prepare for an unusual event that they will experience, and likely hear other children talking about. Helping children learn more about cicadas The internet is a great source of information about cicadas. Some sites also feature web pages created by children, easy fact sheets and fun activities. There's a lot of fun to be learned at the Cicada Hunt at Salt the Sandbox. . This site features children doing a cicada hunt, and learning about them. There are some very good pictures and has fun activities, including puzzles and games. Photos of actual children looking at cicadas may help young children see themselves as explorers of the insects.

98. Order Homoptera - Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids And Allies - BugGuide.Net An online resource devoted to North American insects, spiders and their kin, offering identification, images, and information. http://bugguide.net/node/view/63

@import url(misc/drupal.css); @import "themes/bugguide/bugguide.css"; Register Log In Home Guide ... Help Clickable Guide BugGuide Transition Please Read Taxonomy Browse Info Images Links Books Data ... Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies (Homoptera) Order Homoptera - Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies Classification Classification Kingdom Animalia (Animals) Phylum Arthropoda (Arthropods) Superclass Hexapoda (Hexapods) Class Insecta (Insects) Subclass Pterygota Order Homoptera (Cicadas, Hoppers, Aphids and Allies) login or register to post comments Contributed by Troy Bartlett on 16 February, 2004 - 1:32pm Last updated 5 March, 2004 - 6:14pm : Dedicated naturalists volunteer their time and resources here to provide this service. We strive to provide accurate information, but we are mostly just amateurs attempting to make sense of a diverse natural world. If you need expert professional advice, contact your local extension office. Click the contributor's name for licensing and usage information. Troy Bartlett , unless otherwise noted. Printer Friendly Version Site Map Contact

99. CICADAS - 1966 Encyclopaedia Of New Zealand CICADAS. In New Zealand this tropical group of singing insects is represented by one genus, Melampsalta, and they occupy all the available habitats from the http://www.teara.govt.nz/1966/C/Cicadas/Cicadas/en

CICADAS In New Zealand this tropical group of singing insects is represented by one genus, Melampsalta , and they occupy all the available habitats from the coastal rocks and partly fixed dunes, to subalpine scree and rock. M. leptomera , a very thin-bodied, rather drab insect with a very weak song, lives as an adult deep in clumps of marram grass and pingao. M. cruentata , with a red-banded abdomen, green veins on the wings, and a red or pink base to the wings, is reluctant to take flight and is found on fixed dunes and low altitude clearings in the bush throughout New Zealand. Its song is accented in the first note with a long series of unaccented notes following. Although the insect is usually only about 1.4 cm long, material in collections suggests the presence of giant races, almost 1.8 cm long, in several localities. A particular feature of this insect is a very high proportion of males to females. The commonest cicada both in North and in South Islands, M. mudta , is found in open country and is very variable in colour. Its song is shrill and consists of an initial accented note followed by three or four unaccented notes, the whole set repeated continuously. Moderately timid, it usually takes flight on close approach. The colour of the male varies from pale brown, through black-banded deep green, to red brown and nearly black, a yellow or silvery median stripe from the head to the tip of the abdomen being a characteristic feature. The veins of the wings are pale to dark red brown and the base of the wings is buff. The female is invariably much larger than the male, and varies in colour from ochre through pale olive to pale green.

100. CNN.com - Cicadas leave bounty Of Nutrients For Forests - Nov 25, 2004 Every 17 years, billions of cicadas cause a loud stir in almost one third Scientists now say the insects also leave a lasting and positive impact after http://www.cnn.com/2004/TECH/science/11/25/CICADAS/

International Edition MEMBER SERVICES The Web CNN.com Home Page World U.S. Weather ... Autos SERVICES Video E-mail Newsletters Your E-mail Alerts RSS ... Contact Us SEARCH Web CNN.com Cicadas leave bounty of nutrients for forests Even in death, insects help ecosystem thrive By Marsha Walton CNN var clickExpire = "-1"; The insects have bright red eyes and tiny hooks on their legs. RELATED NEXT: The science of 'Storm Season 2004' on Sat. 3 pm EST and Sun. 5 pm. YOUR E-MAIL ALERTS Cool Science United States or Create your own Manage alerts What is this? (CNN) Every 17 years, billions of cicadas cause a loud stir in almost one third of the United States. Scientists now say the insects also leave a lasting and positive impact after they die. "Even as dead bugs they are still influencing these forest ecosystems," said Louie Yang, whose research is published this week in the journal "Science." Benefits of the cicadas-as-fertilizer include faster growing trees, and bigger seeds in some flowers for several years following the cicadas emergence. Scientists call short, dramatic bursts of new resources, like the billions of cicada carcasses, "resource pulses." But unlike other pulses, such as those that occur randomly after El Nino year rainfalls, researchers can predict the appearance of cicadas almost to the day. That makes this phenomenon a lot easier to study.

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