41. Online NewsHour: Conflict In Central Africa-- December 24, 1996 Charlayne HunterGault reports on ethnic conflict in Rwanda and burundi. of Cameroon to Ugandaall the way to South africa, in the same culture. http://www.pbs.org/newshour/bb/africa/december96/africa_12-24.html

THE HEART OF THE MATTER December 24, 1996 In the troubled heart of Africa, there are a number of factors feeding the multiple crises in Rwanda, Zaire and Burundi, where millions have been killed or turned into refugees. Charlayne Hunter-Gault reports on ethnic conflict in Rwanda and Burundi. Crisis in Central Africa index March 25, 1998: President Clinton visits Rwanda. Jan. 7, 1998: Hutus and Tutsis take up fighting again. Sept. 2, 1997: An interview with author Philip Gourevitch Dec. 24, 1996: A historical perspective on Rwanda and Burundi. Nov. 29, 1996: Rwandan refugees return home Browse the NewsHour's coverage of Africa Rwanda Information Exchange The U.N. International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda The 1994 Genocide, from Frontline Human Rights Watch on Rwanda Embassy of the Republic of Rwanda CHARLAYNE HUNTER-GAULT: In the spirit of the holidays, Marie Rose Malik is trying to remember how to play the “First Noel.” (music in background) It was long ago and far away that Marie Rose Malik, now in her thirties, first took piano lessons in a place called Rwanda, a place she remembers for its beauty and its community. MARIE ROSE MELIQUE: When I think about it, I remember also in the old days, Rwanda is representative of Africa, and Rwandawhen other man took powerwhen he took power, people did what they called convened with the world, convened to work together, so Rwanda was developing quickly, quickly, quickly.

42. AFRICAN FILMS AND AUDIO CDs burundi. CAMEROON The Sultan s Burden Filmakers Library, video, 50min., 1/2 $295; African survivors produced the distinctive Garifuna culture and http://www.nevada.edu/~gbp/media-africa.html

MEDIA FOR PEOPLES OF AFRICA 1/24/98, Call numbers are for the UNLV library. VIDEOS BURUNDI Gito L'Ingrat (Gito the Ungrateful). [1993. 90 min. video. comedy of intellectual rediscovering his own country after studying in Europe. Burundi] CAMEROON The Sultan's Burden [Filmakers Library, video, 50min., 1/2" $295; Sultan Issa Maigari ruler of northern Cameroon privince of Adamawa, served by liveried bodyguard of servants and slaves, lives in extraordinary thatched palace with harem of wives and concubines and thirty children. Filmed as the first democratic elections in Cameroon were about to be held. DT578.4 .M33] GHANA Ashanti Market Women [Filmakers Library, 55 min. video, $445; "men are polygamous and the women are subordinate. In the Kumasi market place, however, the women reign supreme. These assertive women have evolved their own power structure to settle all disputes over price and quality." DT507.A7] Healers of Ghana, The [DT545.45 A27 H42, 1/2" VHS, Films for the Humanities and Sciences, (58 min.); Bono (Akan) ethnic group; good footage of curing rituals with some explanation] In Danku the Soup is Sweeter: Women and Development in Ghana. [Filmakers Library.1/2", 30 min. video, $295. Group of women given access to credit by Canadian Development Agency; in UNLV library, processing]

43. NystromNet.com The Swahili culture and language developed in East africa when overseas trading Throughout the histories of burundi and Rwanda, there has been tension http://www.nystromnet.com/index.cfm?fa=Maps.main

44. Juakali Kambale, Congolese Welcome Swahili As Official African Language Newsgroups soc.culture.african,soc.culture.southafrica The Great Lakesregion - comprising the DRC, Rwanda, burundi and Uganda—have resorted to http://www.hartford-hwp.com/archives/35/281.html

Documents menu Newsgroups: soc.culture.african,soc.culture.south-africa,soc.culture.african.american,soc.culture.zimbabwe Subject: kiSwahili: waCongo Thrilled Date: Mon, 09 Aug 2004 23:26:05 -0700 Organization: Webplus NEWS server Congolese Welcome Swahili As Official African Language By Juakali Kambale, Inter Press Service (Johannesburg), 9 August 2004 The Organisation of African Unity (OAU), which has been replaced by the 53-nation African Union (AU), had approved Swahili as a working language several years ago. The pan-African body adopted Swahili as its working language during its annual heads of state summit in the Ethiopian capital, Addis Ababa in July. Having originated along the shores of the Indian Ocean, Swahili is a mixture of Arabic and local languages that was spoken mostly in Tanzania. A number of neighbouring countries such as Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, the Comoros, Mozambique, Malawi and DRC, also adopted the language as their own. Swahili, alongside English, is an official language in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda. Swahili is one of the four vernacular languages used in radio and television in the Congo. The others are Lingala, spoken mostly in the northern provinces of Equator and Oriental, and in the capital, Kinshasa; Kikongo, spoken in the west, mostly in Kinshasa and Lower Congo province; and Tshiluba, spoken in the two south-central provinces of Kasai.

45. People And Culture (from Burundi) --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia People and culture (from burundi) burundi is a rugged land where people live its neighbor Rwanda) one of the most densely populated countries in africa. http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-225354

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Land and Climate People and Culture Economy History and Government Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products Burundi Student Encyclopedia Article Page 3 of 5 People and Culture Dr. Nigel Smith/The Hutchison Library Burundi... (75 of 1124 words) var mm = [["Jan.","January"],["Feb.","February"],["Mar.","March"],["Apr.","April"],["May","May"],["June","June"],["July","July"],["Aug.","August"],["Sept.","September"],["Oct.","October"],["Nov.","November"],["Dec.","December"]]; To cite this page: MLA style: "Burundi."

46. Burundi --  Encyclopædia Britannica burundi republic in eastcentral africa south of the Equator, covering an area of In both Rwanda People and culture from the burundi article http://www.britannica.com/eb/article?tocId=9108325

47. Africa People Tanzania, Uganda, burundi, and Rwanda with link to Teaching Swahili. The Middle East and North africa The culture, Geographical Setting, http://www.calacademy.org/research/library/biodiv/biblio/afcul.htm

African People Bibliography CALIFORNIA ACADEMY OF SCIENCES LIBRARY World Wide Web Resources Books Children's Books Periodicals World Wide Web Resources For Kids Africa Discovery, Understanding and Conservation at the Field Museum of Chicago In addition to exhibits on Africa's natural history, art, and culture, the site has an image gallery. Africa News Weekly news summaries cover the entire continent. Africa: One Continent. Many Worlds An on-line exhibit from the African collections of the Field Museum of Natural History and Natural History Museum of Los Angeles County. Africa Online Country-specific information on business, education, health, sports, travel, organizations, some current news. Africa Research Central A gateway to the archives, libraries, and museums with important collections of African primary sources. Africa: South of the Sahara A major website with an annotated set of web links that can be searched or browsed by topic or country. African Art Resources A listing of annotated web links on visual arts, dance, music, and literary arts. African Studies at Penn A major website for nearly all topics relating to the people and resources of Africa.

48. Culture History Of Africa African culture History and Archaeology Cultural history and archaeology fromAfrica. Rwanda, burundi, Kenya, Libya, Cameroon and Gabon. http://archaeology.about.com/od/africa/

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help Archaeology World Atlas Africa Homework Help Archaeology Essentials Ancient Daily Life ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the Archaeology newsletter! See Online Courses Search Archaeology Culture History of Africa Cultural history and archaeological studies from the continent and countries of Africa. Alphabetical Recent African Diaspora Archaeology Network From Christopher Fennel at the University of Chicago, a website dedicated to the archaeology and cultural history of the migration of peoples from out of Africa. World Atlas: Africa The World Atlas of Archaeology was developed in the late 1990s for this website, and is currently under revitalization. Here is the index page for culture history of the continent, and separate country pages. Afar Triangle The Afar Triangle is the name given to the region of Ethiopia known for the identification of very old hominid remains, especially the Australopithicus afarensis. Africa South of the Sahara From North Park University, a collection of articles linked to a timeline on culture history of the sub-saharan part of the continent.

49. MSN Encarta - Related Items - Burundi Q A About africa arts, culture, and religion Bujumbura, formerly Usumbura,city in western burundi, capital of the country and of Bujumbura Province http://encarta.msn.com/related_761573494/Burundi.html

var fSendSelectEvents = true; var fSendExpandCollapseEvents = true; var fCallDisplayUAText = false; MSN Home My MSN Hotmail Shopping ... Sign In Web Search: Encarta Subscriber Sign In Help Home ... Upgrade your Encarta Experience Search Encarta Related Items from Encarta Burundi capital city Hutu-Tutsi power sharing arts, culture, and religion business and economy ... , formerly Usumbura, city in western Burundi, capital of the country and of Bujumbura Province, at the northeastern end of Lake Tanganyika.... View article Exclusively for MSN Encarta Premium Subscribers. Join Now © 2005 Microsoft MSN Privacy Legal Advertise Feedback ... Help

50. AdmiNet - Burundi top Art, culture. burundi Artists and Bands AfroCaribbean Musics burundi africa News Online - burundi ABP L AGENCE BURUNDAISE DE PRESSE http://www.adminet.com/world/bi/

options Spreading information all over the Net AdmiNet World Africa Burundi Government Links with other countries Parliament Political organisations ... Thanks Burundi information The government of Burundi Governments on the WWW: Burundi Presidence de la Republique Le Gouvernement National Anthem of Burundi ... National Flag Links with other countries Embassies and Consulates of Burundi to other countries: Canada China Democratic Republic of Congo France ... USA Foreign Chambers of Commerce and Industry : Parliament Assemblee Nationale Political organisations An African Politics Classroom: Burundi Political Leaders: Burundi Political Resources on the Net - Burundi Cities and Towns Burundi Administrative Map Agriculture Burundi Breweries Finance Convert currencies into Burundi Franc (BIF) Banque de la Republique de Burundi Banque Commerciale du Burundi SARL Banque Populaire Law International Constitutional Law: Burundi Index Burundi: Internet Law Library Art, Culture

51. Eastern Africa, 1600-1800 A.D. | Timeline Of Art History | The Metropolitan Muse The East African interior, in presentday Rwanda, burundi, Uganda, and western Kenya The introduction of Luba political culture, as well as millet and http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/09/sfe/ht09sfe.htm

Encompasses present-day Sudan, Ethiopia, Eritrea, Djibouti, Somalia, Kenya, Uganda, Rwanda, Burundi, Kenya, Tanzania, northern Zambia, northern Malawi, and northern Mozambique See also Central Africa Guinea Coast Southern Africa , and Western and Central Sudan Christian Ethiopia's political and territorial decline, which began in the sixteenth century, continues throughout this period due in part to encroachment by pastoral peoples and emergent Muslim states such as Harar, in western Ethiopia. Efforts to unify the Ethiopian Church and restore security and prosperity to the kingdom produce a period of artistic florescence centered at the capital city of Gondar. Along the East African coast, first Portugal and then the sultanate of Oman gain control of Swahili economic centers; Mombasa, in modern-day Kenya, becomes an important state in the eighteenth century under Omani rule. The East African interior, in present-day Rwanda, Burundi, Uganda, and western Kenya and Tanzania, witnesses the development of large states made powerful by trade and improved agriculture. At this time, emblems of leadership imported from the coast and Central Africa are adopted for use throughout the region. Architecture displaying Islamic influences is built of stone or fossilized coral in Swahili settlements such as Mogadishu, Mombasa, Lamu, Zanzibar, and Kilwa. Windows and doorways are typically framed with

52. SAISPHERE 2003 Other african states are mediators in burundi, Congo, Liberia and Sudan, In that sense, africa can be said to have a culture of negotiation, http://www.sais-jhu.edu/pubaffairs/publications/saisphere/winter03/zartman1.html

Dimensions of Diplomacy by I. William Zartman The Rhetoric and Reality of American Foreign Policy by Piero Gleijeses Unilateral and Multilateral Peacemaking in the Middle East by Saadia Touval Helping a President Broker Peace: Camp David 25 Years Later Holding Court at the Palais Wilson by Ruth Wedgwood Diplomatic Dilemmas in Korea by Kent E. Calder Diplomacy vs. Disease by Scott Barrett Transatlantic Tensions by Daniel S. Hamilton U.S. Trade Diplomacy: Playing the Regional Card by Michael G. Plummer India and Pakistan Challenge American Diplomacy by Walter Andersen Diplomacy in Africa by I. William Zartman Proud to Be a Diplomat by Marisa Lino Diplomacy in Action at the Hopkins-Nanjing Center by Kathryn Mohrman The World Needs SAIS … and SAIS Needs You A Message From the Dean Thank-You’s Be an Ambassador for SAIS ... What We’ve Heard The Bookcase: Recent Faculty and Staff Publications Diplomacy in Africa by I. William Zartman I n the ups and downs of diplomacy in Africa, this is a good moment. Burundi, whose latest round of political conflict broke out in 1993 with the assassination of the country’s first Hutu president, saw the peaceful succession of a new Hutu president and the accession of the major group of rebels, the Hutu Front for the Defense of Democracy (FDD), to a peace and power-sharing agreement in October 2003. The half-century of civil war in Sudan is being brought to an end by framework and security agreements signed in Machakos, Kenya. Rebellions in Congo have been brought into a national unity cabinet under the authority of the central government in the Final Act of April 2003 of the Inter-Congolese Dialogue, in somewhat of a reversal of the July 1999 Lusaka agreements and April 2002 Sun City accords but still in a positive direction.

53. TRAVEL.com ® ... Regional:Africa:Burundi:Society And Culture TRAVEL.com local travel guides, low fares for airline tickets, hotels reservations,car rentals, travel deals, cruises and vacation packages, weather. http://www.travel.com/Regional/Africa/Burundi/Society_and_Culture/

Welcome to... Flights Hotels Condos Cars ... Shopping Mall Search More Hotel Deals! Lodging.com Venere.com Special Deals Rentals Hotel Sampler Africa Asia Caribbean Central America ... South America Travel Tools Advisories (USA Gov't) ATM Locator Currencies Converter Driving Directions ... wx.travel.com - Sampler Our International Sites .au English AUD .ca English CAD .de Deutsch EUR .fr Français EUR .it Italiano EUR .mx Español USD .nl Nederland EUR .nz English NZD .sg English USD .uk English GBP .us English USD All Countries Regions USA USA Cities ... South America Share Your Travel Knowledge or Ask a Question in our Forums. Write a review of a hotel, restaurant, or local places of interest. Give your suggestions on what to see or do at places you have visited or in your local area. Top Regional Africa Burundi Society and Culture Aid and Development History Human Rights and Liberties Results 1 - 8 of at least 8 Bishops of the Anglican Co anglicanafrica.org/burundi.ht Names and addresses of the bishops listed by Province. Burundi - A Cultural Profi settlement.org/cp/english/bur Information on country, culture and everyday life offered by Citizenship and Information Canada to inform Canadian citizens about immigrants from Burundi.

54. Attacks On The Press 2003: Africa burundi made some progress toward peace in 2003, but ceasefires remained fragileand especially in trying to break the culture of impunity in burundi. http://www.cpj.org/attacks03/africa03/burundi.html

Overview Angola Burundi Cameroon ... Zimbabwe BURUNDI B urundi made some progress toward peace in 2003, but cease-fires remained fragile and civilians continued to bear the brunt of fighting between Hutu rebels and the Tutsi-dominated army. At the end of April, under intense international pressure, Tutsi President Pierre Buyoya stepped down in favor of his Hutu vice president, Domitien Ndayizeye, in accordance with the Arusha peace accords of August 2000. A cease-fire signed in December 2002 by the largest Hutu rebel group, Forces for the Defense of Democracy (FDD), failed to end the war. However, in November 2003, the same group signed a South Africa-mediated peace deal with the government, providing for power sharing in politics and the security forces. At the start of 2004, the National Liberation Forces (FNL), the only group remaining outside the peace process, agreed to talks with the government. The government has shown some sympathy toward press freedom issues, notably with the enactment of a new media law in late 2003 that journalists generally hailed as an improvement on previous press legislation. However, problems in the peace process have often been accompanied by attempts to censor the media and ban communication with rebel groups. This happened under both Buyoya and Ndayizeye. In March, Buyoya banned all private radio stations from broadcasting interviews and statements from the FDD and FNL rebel groups that were continuing to fight. In September, Ndayizeye’s government closed the popular private station Radio Isanganiro for seven days after it aired a debate featuring Pasteur Habimana, an FNL spokesman. A letter from Communications Minister Albert Mbonerane accused the station of "endangering national unity" by putting Habimana on the air. In solidarity with Radio Isanganiro, three other private radio stations, Bonesha FM, Radio Publique Africaine (RPA), and CCIB FM, announced that they would not broadcast any government news or statements for the duration of Radio Isanganiro’s closure.

55. African Studies: Burundi african Studies. Email africa @libraries.cul.columbia.edu. Bullet WWW VirtualLibrary. Bullet Department home burundi Education and culture http://www.columbia.edu/cu/lweb/indiv/africa/cuvl/burundiedu.html

CU Home Libraries Home Search Site Index ... Help Search Library Catalog: Title (start of title) Journal (start of title) Author (last, first) Keyword (and, or, not, "") Subject Go To CLIO >> Find Databases: Title Keywords Title (start of title) Keywords Go To Databases >> Find E-Journals: Title (start of title) Title Keywords Subject Keywords Go To E-Journals >> Search the Libraries Website: Go To Advanced Website Search >> About the Libraries Libraries Collections Digital Collections Hours Directions to Columbia Map of Campus Libraries More... Catalogs CLIO (Columbia's Online Catalog) Other Catalogs at CU and Nearby A-Z List of Library Catalogs Course Reserves More... E-Resources Citation Finder Databases E-Journals E-Books E-Data E-News E-Images Subject Guides More...

56. Burundi Drummers (bloggingburt.blog-city.com) The United States has no national interests in Central africa! burundi online,Belgian burundi culture links, Le burundi Quotidien, Watch burundi and http://bloggingburt.blog-city.com/burundi_drummers.htm

Login Console email password create free account Search advanced search About me Breaking the ice Entries By Category 55 African countries Artists Books Films ... Xai Xai Reading List Georges Perec Italo Calvino John Sandford Mary Renault ... Willa Cather Movie theater Andalusian Dog Apocalypse Now Autumn Tale Jeremiah Johnson ... The Straight Story Road trip stops Canby, Minnesota Half Moon Bay, California Hannibal, Missouri Marvao, Portugal ... Zermatt, Switzerland Friends All those at SeaCarrier My brother I My Brother II My fave teen in the world ... Sara Good company Frugal Binky Twelve Black Code Monkeys Glasgow Dave Blog-City stuff Neighborhood Rss Feeds Archives September 2005 August 2005 July 2005 June 2005 ... July 2003 Hit Counter Total: 45137 Last Reset: 02:07, 3 Jul 03 Mailing List Keep my email private September 2005 S M T W T F S Blogmania! Blog City var site="sm6bloggingburt" http://www.makepovertyhistory.org Blogs I revisit Blighty Blog Children, Chores and Chocolate Crankee, Sez Who? Hoarded Ordinaries ... Blogging Burt "The ultimate truth of jigsaw puzzles: despite appearances, puzzling is not a solitary game; every move the puzzler makes, the puzzle-maker has made before; every piece the puzzler picks up, and picks up again, and studies and strokes, every combination he tries, and tries a second time, every blunder and every insight, each hope and each discouragement have all been designed, calculated, and decided by the maker." (Georges Perec) 1 online friend paying a visit Burundi Drummers H 55 African countries email link African Art Can art thrive when everything else is dying? The answer is of course no. I have decided to start with

57. Books: Africa: North, South, East, West, Central And Horn: Art, Culture, Music & africa General Art, culture, music, religion, folklore and parables, history, Central africa burundi, Cameroon, Central african Republic, Chad, Congo, http://www.ibike.org/bibliography/africa/

Bibliography / Book List: Africa If you link to Barnes and Noble from the links in the bibliography and purchase something, the International Bicycle Fund will benefit slightly from your purchase. Thank you for your support. To help you get information on topics we cover we provide the following bibliographies / book lists. We welcome you comments and suggestions for additional materials to add. Introduction Africa: General Children's Books Central Africa ... Africa General: Art, culture, music, religion, folklore and parables, history, economics, development, literature, politics and philosophy. Central Africa : Burundi, Cameroon, Central African Republic, Chad, Congo, Dem Rep of Congo (Zaire), Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Rwanda, East Africa : Kenya, Sudan, Tanzania, Uganda Horn of Africa : Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Somalia North Africa : Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia Southern Africa : Angola, Botswana, Lesotho, Malawi, Madagascar, Mozambique, Namibia, South Africa, Swaziland, Zambia, Zimbabwe West Africa : Benin, Burkina Faso, Gambia, Ghana, Guinea, Guinea Bissau, Ivory Coast, Liberia, Sierra Leone, Mali, Mauritania, Niger, Nigeria, Senegal, Togo

58. ISS Publications: African Security Review Delegates, Dialogue and Desperadoes; The AU Mission in burundi; Swaziland; Military culture in South africa; Instability in Lesotho A Search for http://www.iss.co.za/Publications/Asrindex.html

The African Security Review is the ISS quarterly journal. It provides a regular high-quality forum for the dissemination of research findings and information through the publication of research reports, policy papers and articles on security and related issues in sub-Saharan Africa. The Review was previously published as the African Defence Review (1994) and the Southern African Defence Review (1992-1993). AFRICAN SECURITY REVIEW ASR Contribution Instructions aFRICAN DEFENCE REVIEW / SOUTHERN AFRICAN DEFENCE REVIEW Volume 14 No 2 2005 HTML - pending / PDF Version: Volume 14 No 1 2005 HTML PDF Version: Top ... PDF Version: Who Guards The Guards? International Criminal Court; International Human Rights Protection in Situations of Conflict and Post-Conflict; Guinea-Bissau; Somalia; Overview of Security Reform Processes in the DRC; The Pan-African Parliament; Botswana Defence Force; Rethinking Conflict Trajectories; Consolidating Peace and Security in Africa; Prepare and Participate; Assessing the Stability Pack for the Great Lakes Region; Book Reviews Volume 13 No 3 2004 HTML PDF Version: Armed Non-State Actors in Africa and the Ban on Anti-Personnel Landmines; Guns and Butter; Micro-Disarmament in West Africa; Peace in Sudan; Establishing a New Army for the DRC; The United Nations Mission in Burundi (ONUB); United Nations Security Council Reform; New Terrorism; Coups and Coup Attempts in Africa; The Africa Clearing House; Private Military Firms in Africa; Zimbabwe; Book Reviews

59. African News 22-08-2002 - A PART 1/4 From africa to burundi Lastly, the leaders commit themselves «tocontinue to promote a culture of dialogue and to work together in order to http://ospiti.peacelink.it/anb-bia/week_2k2/020822a.htm

60. Turkish Community: Turkish Web Directory the entire directory, only in africa/burundi. Top Regional africa burundi (82) Usenet. soc.culture.african news - Deja http://www2.turkishpress.com/directory/apexec.pl?etype=odp&passurl=/Regional/Afr

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