41. HyperWar: The U.S. Army Campaigns Of World War II: Burma, 1942 Illustrated history of the United States Army's operations in burma, 7 December 194126 May 1942. http://www.ibiblio.org/hyperwar/USA/USA-C-Burma/index.html

Burma, 1942 The U.S. Army Campaigns of World War II General Stilwell's party hikes from Burma to India. (National Archives) Introduction World War II was the largest and most violent armed conflict in the history of mankind. However, the half century that now separates us from that conflict has exacted its toll on our collective knowledge. While World War II continues to absorb the interest of military scholars and historians, as well as its veterans, a generation of Americans has grown to maturity largely unaware of the political, social, and military implications of a war that, more than any other, united us as a people with a common purpose. Highly relevant today, World War II has much to teach us, not only about the profession of arms, but also about military preparedness, global strategy, and combined operations in the coalition war against fascism. During the next several years, the U.S. Army will participate in the nation's 50th anniversary commemoration of World War II. The commemoration will include the publication of various materials to help educate Americans about that war. The works produced will provide great opportunities to learn about and renew pride in an Army that fought so magnificently in what has been called "the mighty endeavor." World War II was waged on land, on sea, and in the air over several diverse theaters of operation for approximately six years. The following essay is one of a series of campaign studies highlighting those struggles that, with their accompanying suggestions for further reading, are designed to introduce you to one of the Army's significant military feats from that war.

42. Burma - History The burma Campaign. burma history. Home Up burma - Geography burma - history . Site Guide. burma Campaign-Home What s New http://homepages.force9.net/rothwell/burmaweb/history.htm

The Burma Campaign Home Up Burma - Geography [ Burma - History ] Site Guide Burma Campaign-Home What's New Burmese Battleground Burma Army 1937-4 ... Bookstore Under development - please select another link. 22 December, 2000 E-mail Steve Rothwell with comments and additional information

43. Burmese Battleground These pages will contain information about burma the land, its history and the burma - Geography. burma - history. burma - Peoples. 19 April 2003 http://homepages.force9.net/rothwell/burmaweb/burmabat.htm

The Burma Campaign Home What's New [ Burmese Battleground ] Burma Army 1937-1942 Campaign Outline Orders of Battle Links ... Burma - History Site Guide Burma Campaign-Home What's New Burmese Battleground Burma Army 1937-4 ... Bookstore These pages will contain information about Burma - the land, its history and the peoples who lived there. Burma - Geography Burma - History Burma - Peoples 19 April 2003 E-mail Steve Rothwell with comments and additional information

44. History Of Burma Canadian Friends of burma is a nongovernmental organization operating inpartnership with other national and international NGOs, including those along the http://www.cfob.org/HistoryofBurma/historyOfBurma.shtml

Background to Burma Issues in Burma Current Activism On-Going Campaigns ... History History Of Burma Early Burma The Nation we know as Burma was first formed during the goldenage of Pagan in the 11th century. King Anawratha ascended the throne in 1044, uniting Burma under his monarchy. His belief in Buddhism lead him to begin building the temples and pagodas for which the city of Pagan (above) is renowned. Pagan became the first capital of a Burmese kingdom that included virtually all of modern Burma. The golden age of pagan reached its peak in during the reign of Anawratha's successor,Kyanzitta (1084-1113), another devout Buddhist, under whom it aquired the name " City of four million pagodas ". Under Colonial Rule Although Burma was at times divided into independent states, a series of monarchs attempted to establish their absolute rule, with varying degrees of success. Eventually, an expansionist British Government took advantage of Burma's political instability. After three Anglo-Burmese wars over a period of 60 years, the British completed their colonization of the country in 1886, Burma was immediately annexed as a province of British India, and the British began to permeate the ancient Burmese culture with foreign elements. Burmese customs were often weakened by the imposition of British traditions. The British also further divided the numerous ethnic minorities by favouring some groups, such as the Karen, for positions in the military and in local rural administrations. During the 1920s, the first protests by Burma's intelligentsia and Buddhist monks were launched against British rule. By 1935, the Students Union at Rangoon University was at the forefront of what would evolve into an active and powerful movement for national independence. A young law student Aung San, executive-committee member and magazine editor for the Students Union, emerged as the potential new leader of the national movement. In the years that followed, he successfully organized a series of student strikes at the university, gaining the support of the nation.

45. National Coalition Government Of The Union Of Burma National Coalition Government of Union of burma In burma s history it willbe remembered as the most loathsome incident and the darkest day. http://www.ncgub.net/NLD_Statements/NLD Statement109,2000.htm

National Coalition Government of Union of Burma Campaign CRPP/NLD Press Release CRPP Notifications CRPP Resolutions NLD Statements NLD Resolutions NLD Reports Printable Version NLD Statement 109/2000: National League for Democracy No: (97/B), West Shwegonedine Road Bahan Township, Rangoon Statement 109 (7/00) (translation) Today is the 53rd anniversary of Martyrs Day. It was on 19 July of 1947 that General Bogyoke Aung San, father of the Tatmadaw, architect of our independence, leader of the struggle for complete independence, together with other martyrs were assassinated. The assassins were a group of traitors who intended to grab state power the short-cut way by use of force (weapons). Bogyoke Aung San and the martyrs died as a result of an attempt to solve political issues through violent means by a group of thugs who did not have the people's trust, nor were they imbued with the people's love. They resorted to guns because they did not have the strength which is an integral part of the people's support. The demise of Bogyoke and his associates was the biggest loss for the people of Burma. They can never be replaced. In Burma's history it will be remembered as the most loathsome incident and the darkest day.

46. National Coalition Government Of The Union Of Burma National Coalition Government of Union of burma and obligations they will beplacing the blackest spot in burma s history that can never be obliterated. http://www.ncgub.net/NLD_Statements/NLD Statement 52,1998.htm

National Coalition Government of Union of Burma Campaign CRPP/NLD Press Release CRPP Notifications CRPP Resolutions NLD Statements NLD Resolutions NLD Reports Printable Version NLD Statement 52/1998: National League for Democracy No:(97/B), West Shwegondine Road Bahan Township, Rangoon NLD Statement No: 52 (8/98) 1. The State Law and Order Restoration Council, now succeeded by the State Peace and Development Council, assumed power on 18/9/88. On 23/9/88 the Defence Services Chief of Staff announced; " We have formed a government with a small group of individuals with many responsibilities to carry out the main functions that have to be performed by a government and for the continuance of diplomatic relations so it is obvious that we have no intention to govern for a long time. We respectfully make this promise to the monks and the people of the nation with sincerity and good faith." Xxxxx " We want you to bear in mind that we are sons of the Tatmadaw (army) who have sworn allegiance to the country and are duty bound to serve the people and we will not under any circumstances whatsoever break the oath that we have taken."

47. Connected Traveler: Cancun And Burma - History - History.gadling.com _ Russ actually advocates that travelers NOT visit burma, saying that the history is part of the Weblogs, Inc. Network — a network of more than 80 blogs. http://history.gadling.com/entry/1234000830053308/

Jay Savage on The Open Source Weblog NYCBSDCon wrap up, Part 2: Certification add to MyYahoo! Connected Traveler: Cancun and Burma Posted Aug 5, 2005, 12:00 PM ET by Erik Olsen Related entries: Cultures History Learning Media Before podcasting became all the rage, Russell Johnson at the Connected Traveler This story on Cancun sounds a bit like a corporate commercial, but after listening to it for a while, it actually grew on me, and I ended up listening several others. In this one , he takes on Burma, which we blogged Read Permalink Email this ... Comments Recent Entries Budapest Blog Heading to Armenia Lost City of Z: New Yorker Katrina Panos ... Add your comments Reader Comments Posted Sep 15, 2005, 3:54 AM ET by Tara >>Seems that it’s a good thing for people to be exposed to what’s happening in Burma, and for Burmese to encounter people outside their borders, but he makes a good point Well, your assuming that if you traveled there you'd actually see what was going on. The truth is, you see what the junta allows you to see. You're not going to see the forced labor that built the hotels. You're not going to see the ethnic minorities who had their land confiscated so the gov't could resettle ethnic Burmese in their 'modern villages'. You're not going to see the systematic rape, torture and oppression that goes on everyday. I once met two English blokes who'd lived in Yangon for over 7 years - they didn't even seem to know the full extent of what was going on, and even said that political prisoners were stupid for protesting inside Burma. riiight.

48. Riding The Rail In Burma - History - History.gadling.com _ through one of the globe’s most closedoff and bizarre countries, burma. history is part of the Weblogs, Inc. Network — a network of more than 80 http://history.gadling.com/entry/1234000583044930/

Brad Hill on The Digital Music Weblog Fuel Cells for MP3 Players, Eventually add to MyYahoo! Riding the Rail in Burma Posted May 30, 2005, 1:57 PM ET by Erik Olsen Related entries: Business Cultures History Media For me, Paul Theroux Well, rail travel adventure is alive and well. Read Permalink Email this Linking Blogs ... Comments Recent Entries Budapest Blog Heading to Armenia Lost City of Z: New Yorker Katrina Panos ... Add your comments Reader Comments Be the first person to comment on this entry. Add your comments Your name (required): Your email address (required, will not be shown to the public): Do you want us to remember your personal information for next time? Yes No Add your comments: Advertisement Advertisement CONTINENTS North America (1560 posts) Europe Asia Antarctica South America ... Gadling Home ACTIVITIES Activism Biking Climbing Cultures ... Surfing TOPICS Business Events Food Gear ... Stories COUNTRIES China (65 posts) Australia India France Canada ... Paraguay RESOURCES About this Weblog Send us tips Contact Us Advertise ... Problems? GADLING EMAIL Privacy: Your email address will be used for Gadling news only.

49. An Introduction To Myanmar Myanmar, or burma as it is still more familiarly known in the West, is a countrywhere beginning one of the most legendary tales in burma s history. http://www.geographia.com/myanmar/

Myanmar Adventure in Myanmar Asia Homepage The World Myanmar, or Burma as it is still more familiarly known in the West, is a country where magnificent and ancient Buddhist temples gaze out serenely over a nation restless for change. Myanmar has plenty of wonders for the eye sinuous, life-giving rivers, lush mountain forests, and intricately-drawn citiesbut it can also trouble the soul. For the last 30 years, its people have been ruled by a notoriously repressive military government, the tatmadaw. Travel to Myanmar is as a result a rather vexed moral question, as the bulk of tourist revenue falls into the government's coffers. Against this coldly financial argument, however, is the notion that interaction with Myanmar's people and culture helps to encourage change. Both perspectives have their defenders; we at Interknowledge leave the decision to you. Location, Geography, Climate The vast majority of Myanmar's people live in the lowland regions of this river valley, in the Irrawaddy basin. This fertile expanse, which sits within the tropical monsoon belt, is one of the world's great rice-growing regions. Myanmar's population includes dozens of different racial and ethnic groups, including the Mon, Burmans, Kachins, Chins, Shans, Rakhine, and Karens, each of which have historically dominated a particular area of the country. Although Burmese is the major and official language, more than a hundred local and regional dialects are spoken throughout Myanmar.

50. The Burma Shave Phenomenon Brief history and links to other sites. http://www.mc.cc.md.us/Departments/hpolscrv/mthomas.htm

The Burma Shave Phenomenon Most people of today's generation have never heard of Burma shave, but ask anyone who lived in America from the 1920s into the early sixties, and you will bring up an extraordinary fixture of their past. Burma Shave was one of the world's first brushless shaving cream manufacturers and spawned heavy competition for their product, but this certain company had an upper hand in winning over customers. Burma Shave signs were the precursor to modern billboard signs on America's earliest roads. They were an interesting diversion from long drives and began to spring up all over the country throughout the mid-twentieth century. The signs were often humorous jingles that were placed at intervals along the road, each sign showing one line of the four-part rhyme until the last sign which concluded the clever advertising scheme with "Burma-Shave". Some examples of Burma Shave rhymes: OUR FORTUNE IS YOUR SHAVEN FACE IT'S OUR BEST ADVERTISING SPACE BURMA-SHAVE BEN MET ANNA MADE A HIT NEGLECTED BEARD BEN-ANNA SPLIT BURMA-SHAVE THIS CREAM MAKES THE GARDENER'S DAUGHTER PLANT HER TU-LIPS WHERE SHE OUGHTER BURMA-SHAVE IF YOUR PEACH KEEPS OUT OF REACH BETTER PRACTICE WHAT WE PREACH BURMA-SHAVE THE BIG BLUE TUBE'S JUST LIKE LOUISE YOU GET A THRILL FROM EVERY SQUEEZE BURMA-SHAVE SAID FARMER BROWN WHO'S BALD ON TOP "WISH I COULD

51. BBC - History - The Burma Campaign 1941 - 1945 Neither side wanted this fight at the start, but there were many remarkable featsof arms as the war progressed. Michael Hickey describes the highs and lows http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/burma_campaign_01.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index MONDAY 19th September 2005 Text only BBC Homepage History Homepage Topics Ancient Norman Conquest English Civil War World War One ... Other Conflicts Resources Interactive Content Reading Room Timelines Historic Figures ... History for Kids Practical History Archaeology Family History History Trails Community Messageboard Newsletter About This Site About the BBC ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! The Burma Campaign 1941 - 1945 By Michael Hickey Neither side wanted this fight at the start, but there were many remarkable feats of arms as the war progressed. Michael Hickey describes the highs and lows of the campaign, the personalities involved, and the effect it had on East-West politics once World War Two was over. Page 1 of 6 1. Background 2. Start of the campaign 3. Stalemate 4. Victory in sight ... Print entire article Background The campaign in which Allied forces defeated the Japanese in Burma was unique in that neither side particularly wished to wage war there. When Japan entered the war on the side of the Axis powers in December 1941, her main aims were to acquire raw materials, particularly oil, rubber and tin and, through expansion of the so-called Greater Co-Prosperity Sphere, to create space for the population of the over-crowded home islands. 'The raid at Pearl Harbor on 7 December 1941 was a devastating blow to the Americans.'

52. BBC - History - WW2: Burma Campaign Image from the burma Campaign animated map which shows the Allies in retreat Track the progress of the burma Campaign from the rapid Japanese http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/war/wwtwo/launch_ani_burma_campaign.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index MONDAY 19th September 2005 Text only BBC Homepage History Homepage Topics Ancient Norman Conquest English Civil War World War One ... Other Conflicts Resources Interactive Content Reading Room Timelines Historic Figures ... History for Kids Practical History Archaeology Family History History Trails Community Messageboard Newsletter About This Site About the BBC ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! WW2: Burma Campaign If the movie doesn't play, you may need to download the free Flash plug-in. BBC WebWise has a step-by-step guide to help you. Track the progress of the Burma Campaign - from the rapid Japanese victories of 1941, to the desperate battles for the Indian towns of Kohima and Imphal. Then follow the course of the Allies as they drive the Japanese forces out of Burma in late 1944 and 1945. After atomic bombs were dropped by the Allies on the Japanese cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, the Japanese government finally surrendered on 14 August 1945. The longest British and Commonwealth Campaign of World War Two was over. Articles Pearl Harbor: A Rude Awakening Japan: No Surrender in World War Two The Burma Campaign 1941 - 1945 Colonies, Colonials and World War Two

53. Myanmar Burma Birma History Historisches myanmar burma birma information on history,archeology,historisches,ancientplaces,ancient kings,buddha,gautama,british colonial times,myanmar chinese http://www.allmyanmar.com/new allmyanmar.com/myanmar history.htm

history news GENERAL HISTORY MUSEUM HOTELS E-BOOKS ... MARINE PRODUCTS BUSINESS SOFTWARE PRODUCTION - OUTSOURCING CONSTRUCTION ... ENERGY PLACES YANGON BAGAN MANDALAY BEACHES ... MORE MUSIC MUSIC VIDEO MODERN SONGS CLASSIC MUSIC MYANMAR BURMA BIRMA HISTORY Some of the subjects you will find in this site. Myanmar, Burma, Birma, history, archeology, ancient places, ancient kings, buddha, gautama, british colonial times, myanmar chinese history, kublai khan, historisches, Myanmar, Burma, Birma, Birmanie, Birmania, Bagan, Pagan, history channel, art history, Myanmar art history, Burma art history, world history, China history, history of India, ancient history, history of Buddhism. A brief Myanmar Burma Birma history and topography of Myanmar, as well as some accounts of Myanmar culture, may be described as follows: Myanmar (Burma in the British period) is the largest country in Southeast Asia. Myanmar / Burma runs some 2090 km (1300 miles) north and south, from the lofty mountains of Tibet to the rolling tropical waters of the Indian ocean. Breadth wise Myanmar / Burma draws out 925 km (575 miles) from the Naaf river on the Bangladesh border to the Mekong river that separates Myanmar from Laos. A horseshoe of hill-offshoots from the Tibetan Himalayas forms a strong natural frontier with Bangladesh and India in the west, with China in the north and northeast, and with Laos and Thailand in the east and southeast.

54. Burma.2.html A Brief history of burma history of the Mon People of burma Modern Burmesehistory. burma has been racked by civil war ever since its independence, http://rubens.anu.edu.au/student.projects/offerings/burma.2.html

A Brief History of Burma Continent Asia Population Remarks Union of Myanmar, Pyeidaungzu Myanma Naingngandaw. Formerly Burma. Literacy rate 66% (1989 WA); 78.5% over 15 years old (1991). Information mainly from N. Mundhenk ABS 1973, Seindang Sakram 1980. Data accuracy estimate: C Blind population Blind percentage 1.0 (1960 estimate) Blindness causes Trachoma, glaucoma, cataract, trauma Religion Buddhist 87%, Christian 6%, Muslim 4%, traditional religion 2%, Hindu 1% Over one hundred recorded languages are spoken by the people of Burma (Myanmar). History of the Mon People of Burma The Mon are the earliest known inhabitants of lower Burma. They founded an empire, and introduced both writing and Buddhism into Burma. In the year 573, two Mon brothers, Prince Samala and Prince Wimala, founded the Mon kingdom Hongsavatoi at the present site of modern Pegu. This kingdom flourished in peace and prosperity for several centuries until it was occupied by the Burman dynasty. In 1757, the Burma ruler U Aungzeya invaded and devastated the Mon kingdom, killing tens of thousands of Mon, including learned Mon priests, pregnant women, and children. Over 3,000 priests were massacred by the victorious Burmans in the capital city alone. Thousands more priests were killed in the countryside. The surviving priests fled to Thailand, and Burman priests took over the monasteries. Most of the Mon literature, written on palm leaves, was destroyed by the Burmans. Use of the Mon language was forbidden, and Burman became the medium of instruction.

55. Myanmar - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia The map on the history page shows burma as it was at its height before 1886.Burmese kings occasionally occupied some parts of China, India, small parts of http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burma

Myanmar From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (Redirected from Burma The Union of Myanmar , formerly the Union of Burma , is the largest country (in geographical area) in mainland Southeast Asia . It is bordered by the People's Republic of China on the north, Laos on the east, Thailand on the south east, Bangladesh on the west, and India on the north west, with the Andaman Sea to the south, and the Bay of Bengal to the south west (for a total of over 2,000 kilometers of coast line). The country has been ruled by a military junta led by General Ne Win from to , and its political system today remains under the tight control of the military junta (Pyi-daung-zu Myan-ma Naing-ngan-daw) Flag Coat of Arms Motto Anthem ... Gba Majay Bma ("We Shall Love Burma") Capital Yangon (Rangoon) Yangon (Rangoon) Burmese Government Chairman, SPDC Prime Minister Military dictatorship Sr. Gen. Than Shwe Lt.-Gen. Soe Win Independence From the United Kingdom January 4 Area Population est. n/a census Density 54 million ( n/a 62/km² ( n/a GDP PPP n/a estimate $74.53 billion ( n/a Currency K;

56. WHKMLA : History Of Burma, ToC Timeline burma, 10572002, from BBC News; Timeline history of burma, Global Currency history Myanmar Political Resources on the Net burma http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/seasia/xburma.html

India Thailand First posted on May 16th 2002, last revised on February 15th 2005 Pagan Burma before 1824 Pegu (-1752) Arakan (-1783) ... Myanmar, since 1989 Historical Regions of Burma : Arakan Tenasserim Shan States Kachin Historical Atlas : Burma Page List of Wars : Burma EXTERNAL FILES Virtual Library History : Burma/Myanmar ; leads to general list of Burma links; has NO chapter on history. Online Burma/Myanmar Library , from WWW Virtual Library CIA World Factbook : Burma Country Profiles : Burma, from BBC News Brief History of Burma , from The Art of Burma , Exhibition at the Australian Nat'l Gallery History of Burma (Myanmar), from Travel Burma (timetable); from Lonely Planet , from Asia Tours , 7 chapters; from geographia.com , scroll down for history and culture; from World Travel Guide Myanmar - Golden Land History of Myanmar, from Myanmar Travel Information Article Burma, from EB 1911 ; from Catholic Encyclopedia , 1908 edition Chronology of Catholic Dioceses : Myanmar Timeline Burma, 1057-2002, from BBC News ; Timeline History of Burma, from

57. WHKMLA : History Of Burma : WW II, 1939-1945 In 1937, burma had been separated from British India to form a separate FILES,Encyclopedic description of Burmese history from infoplease http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/seasia/wwiiburma.html

World War II : Burma In 1937, Burma had been separated from British India to form a separate administrative unit, with the capital RANGOON. The country was given political autonomy, a constitution, providing a representative assembly and self-government. There was an organization called the BURMA LIBERATION ARMY which strove for independence; it's most prominent leader was AUNG SAN. He originally accepted Japanese aid for his organization. In December 1941, Japan demanded Thailand to grant free passage for it's troops, which was granted, and the Japanese invaded Burma via Thailand. The Japanese installed a Burmese puppet government headed by Dr. BA MAW. Japanese forces disconnected the BURMA ROAD, a vital supply line passing the jungles of Northern Burma to connect Chiang Kai Chek's Chinese troops (in Sichuan) with British India. The FLYING TIGERS kept supplying Chiang's China by air, while MERRILL'S MARAUDERS, an US-American commando unit, operated in the jungles of Burma to create havoc behind the Japanese lines. They were joined by Aung San, who, disillusioned by the conduct of the Japanese occupants, had founded the AFPFL (Anti-Fascist People's Freedom League), a resistance organization directed against the Japanese. In April 1945 the British, under the command of LORD MOUNTBATTEN, launched an offensive and expelled the Japanese from most of Burma (except Tenasserim province).

58. Why UN Secretary Council Intervention In Burma Is An Urgent Need? burma s history has been shaped by the uneasy relationship between its two largestneighbours, China and India. burma s international relations and domestic http://www.mizzima.com/archives/nf/2003/nf-21sep03-zmt30.htm

Home News Feature Search this site Download Burmese Font Contents Home News in Burmese Nationalities questions Documents ... Network Links Seminars Mizzima's Activities Recent Activities English Language School Art Exhibitions Music Album ... Mizzima Team Others Feedback Advertise Archives Calendar ... Terms of Use Why UN Security Council Intervention in Burma is an urgent need? ZIN MIN HTUN Mizzima News September 21, 2003: In adopting a foreign policy, states usually adopt one of the following principles such as - isolationism, non-alignment, and polarization. Burma back in the parliamentary days, had joined the non-alignment idea. One of the main reasons for choosing the non-alignment was because of its geographical situation (Burma lies between two highly populous nations, India and China). Under the "Burmese Way to Socialism", Burma obviously adopted 'isolationism' and kept away from the international affairs. Today, SPDC's Foreign Minister Win Aung said "our foreign policy evolved in the context of these external and internal conditions." (see "Myanmar enters the New Century." Irrawaddy. April-June 2001). After the event of the 'Massacre 8. 8. 88' and ignoring the result of the election in 1990, the regime of Burma had to face continuous international condemnations for its performances and pressure to improve it, but not the serious treads. Reports by the UN, Amnesty International, Human Rights

59. Detachment 101 Since American agents in burma would attract attention, the detachment As the official history points out, the change to a static defensive role at http://history.acusd.edu/gen/WW2Timeline/detachment101.html

OSS Detachment 101 in Burma [this selection from Special Operations in the China-Burma-India Theater in the U.S. Army Special Operations in World War II from CMH] map of Burma from Special Operations The Japanese occupation of the country had cut the Burma Road, the main supply line to China from the outside world; to replace it, American engineers were constructing a new route from Ledo, on the India-Burma border. Japanese control of the north Burmese city of Myitkyina and the surrounding region blocked completion of the road, and enemy aircraft from an airstrip near the town were continually harassing American transports flying supplies to China. Given the limited resources available, Stilwell needed any help he could obtain to drive the enemy out of the area. At a minimum he hoped that the detachment could prevent Japanese use of the airfield, informing Eifler that "all I want to hear are booms from the Burma jungle." Lacking men, equipment, funds, a clear directive from Washington, and current intelligence on the situation in Burma, Eifler faced an immense task in building a clandestine organization. Although the unit successfully resisted minor staff assignments from the overworked CBI Theater headquarters, it still had only twenty men. Since American agents in Burma would attract attention, the detachment canvassed the British-led Burma Army for Anglo-Burmese volunteers. Supplies and equipment were a more difficult. Communications would be critical to operations; yet the radios available in the Pacific theater were woefully inadequate in range and adaptability to the damp Burmese climate. Funds were so tight that Eifler paid for many of the detachment's initial expenses out of his own pocket. Finally, a Japanese air raid destroyed the detachment's warehouse, aggravating an already grim supply situation.

60. History Of Burma (Myanmar) Provides a history of burma (Myanmar) from 1044 AD to the present. http://www.historyofnations.net/asia/burma.html

History of Burma (Myanmar) Site Links Home Search this Site History Posters Africa ... Privacy Policy Burma was unified by Burman dynasties three times during the past millennium. The first such unification came with the foundation of the Pagan Dynasty in 1044 AD, which is considered the "Golden Age" in Burmese history. It is during this period that Theravada Buddhism first made its appearance in Burma, and the Pagan kings built a massive city with thousands of pagodas and monasteries along the Irrawaddy River. The Pagan Dynasty lasted until 1287 when a Mongol invasion destroyed the city. Ethnic Shan rulers, who established a political center at Ava, filled the ensuing political vacuum for a short time. In the 15th century, the Toungoo Dynasty succeeded again in unifying under Burman rule a large, multi-ethnic kingdom. This dynasty, which lasted from 1486 until 1752, left little cultural legacy, but expanded the kingdom through conquest of the Shans. Internal power struggles, and the cost of protracted warfare, led to the eventual decline of the Toungoo. The final Burman royal dynasty, the Konbaung, was established in 1752 under the rule of King Alaungpaya. Like the Toungoo Kings, the Konbaung rulers focused on warfare and conquest. Wars were fought with the ethnic Mons and Arkanese, and with the Siamese. The Burmese sacked the Siamese capital of Ayuthaya in 1767. This period also saw four invasions by the Chinese and three devastating wars with the British.

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