81. Brazil - Brasil - BRAZZIL - News From Brazil - Indians Invade Land Englishlanguage magazine dealing with brazilian politics, economy, Invaders ofthe Cachoeira Seca indigenous land, where the Arara people live in http://www.brazzil.com/2004/html/articles/jul04/p112jul04.htm

Go Back Brazzil - Indians - July 2004 Brazil: Tired of Waiting, Indians Invade Land Several Brazilian Indians communities began to occupy at the end of June an area on the banks of the Jauari river, in the Amazon. According to them, their act is a means to prevent rice farmers from contaminating their land. They say they have been trying to solve legally their land problems. In vain, however. Cimi The Indian communities of the Raposa, Serras, Baixo Cotingo and Surumu lands decided to occupy the banks of the Jauari river in an area located 180 kilometers from Boa Vista, in Amazon state of Roraima. They justified their act saying they were tired of waiting for a decision from the Brazilian government concerning the official confirmation of the bounds of the Raposa/Serra do Sol indigenous land. They also mentioned their concern about the environmental degradation caused by rice farmers. The Indians began to occupy the area June 30 as a means to prevent rice farmers from continuing to cause environmental degradation in indigenous lands. According to them, this situation has been repeatedly reported to the appropriate agencies, namely, Funai, the Public Prosecution Service, the Federal Police, and Ibama. They assure, however, that the authorities have done nothing.

82. Scoop: Time To Make Indigenous Peoples Rights A Reality In Brazil some indigenous peoples, such as the Macuxi in Raposa Serra do Sol inthe state of Roraima, have had their ancestral land rights recognised by the http://www.scoop.co.nz/stories/WO0508/S00114.htm

Home About Subscribe NewsAgent ... Feedback Email address: Password: THE WIRES Email Print Scoop World Article SEARCH Scoops Parliament Politics World ... Rice Urges UN Stand Up to Iran on Nuclear Weapons Time to make indigenous peoples rights a reality Wednesday, 10 August 2005, 5:16 pm Press Release: Amnesty International The International Day of the World’s Indigenous People: Dispossessed and in Danger – Time to make the rights of indigenous peoples a reality Despite some progress over the last decade, indigenous peoples around the world continue to live in hardship and danger due to the failure of states to uphold their fundamental human rights. Indigenous peoples are being uprooted from their lands and communities as a consequence of discriminatory government policies, the impact of armed conflicts, and the actions of private economic interests. Cut off from resources and traditions vital to their welfare and survival, many indigenous peoples are unable to fully enjoy such human rights as the right to food, the right to health, the right to housing, or cultural rights. Instead they face marginalisation, poverty, disease and violence – in some instances extinction as a people. With the disruption of traditional ways of life, indigenous women may face particular challenges, losing status in their own society or finding that frustration and strife in the community is mirrored by violence in the household. For the growing numbers of indigenous women who have migrated to urban settings or who live on land with a heavy military presence, racial and sexual discrimination in the larger society may lead to a heightened risk of violence and unequal access to the protection of the justice system.

83. The AMAZON BASIN, BIO-DIVERSITY, DEVELOPMENT, INDIGENOUS PEOPLES, MARLUI MIRANDA indigenous peoples of Brazil http//www.socioambiental.org/website/povind Indians of Brazil or indigenous People in Brazil? http://www.dartmouth.edu/~brazil/amazon/

The John Sloan Dickey Center for International Understanding, the Kenneth and Harle Montgomery Endowment, the Department of Spanish and Portuguese, and the Latin American, Latino and Caribbean Studies Program present Conference on the Amazon: Amazonian Perspectives/Amazonian Prospects May 1-3, 2003 Dartmouth College This site was developped by Christof Daetwyler and Piers Armstrong as a web complement to the conference. Click here to get a poster about the conference for print-out (ca. 500 kB) PART 1: COMPLEMENT MATERIALS (Click here to get directly to PART 2: CONFERENCE SCHEDULE) General Materials: Map of South America http://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/reference_maps/south_america.html Map of Brazil http://www.lib.utexas.edu/maps/americas/brazil_rel94.jpg About Indigenous Peoples: sample of sites of, for or concerning Indigenous Groups http://lanic.utexas.edu/la/region/indigenous/ LANIC ) , based at UT Austin. LANIC's mission is to facilitate access to Internet-based information to, from, or on Latin America. Our target audience includes people living in Latin America, as well as those around the world who have an interest in this region. While many of our resources are designed to facilitate research and academic endeavors, our site has also become an important gateway to Latin America for primary and secondary school teachers and students, private and public sector professionals, and just about anyone looking for information about this important region.

84. BBC News | FORUM | Brazil At 500 She has written several books on Brazil, including one on indigenous peoples . As most AfroBrazilians and indigenous people are amongst the poorer http://news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/talking_point/forum/newsid_718000/718314.stm

low graphics version feedback help You are in: Talking Point: Forum Front Page World ... AudioVideo Wednesday, 26 April, 2000, 09:21 GMT 10:21 UK Brazil at 500 As Brazil marked 500 years since the arrival of Portuguese explorers, specialist Jan Rocha answered your questions. The anniversary was marked by celebration and protest. Hundreds of indians, descendants of indigenous tribes who were already living in Brazil, gathered for counter celebrations. Jan Rocha has lived in Brazil for 30 years. She has worked as a correspondent for the Guardian newspaper and has freelanced for the BBC since 1974. She has written several books on Brazil, including one on indigenous peoples. Pat van der Veer, Canada: To what extent has the fact that Portuguese is the language of Brazil hampered Brazil's relations with its Spanish-speaking neighbours? Is the multicultural society of Brazil and advantage or a disadvantage, economically? Jan Rocha: I do not think that language has been an obstacle - when necessary Portuguese and Spanish speakers understand each others' "portunhol" well enough. I believe historical and geographical factors have been more important. Brazil at various times was at war with its neighbours, notably Paraguay and Bolivia, and has always had a very strong rivalry with the other large country of South America, Argentina. It has tended to look overseas, first to Europe, then to the USA, rather than to other Latin American countries for cultural and commercial exchanges. Brazil's size and self sufficiency also meant it has never needed its neighbours as much as they need it.

85. Petition - Statute Of The Indigenous Peoples Currently the rights of the indigenous peoples in Brazil are determined by Law6001/1973. This law from 1973 does not suit the current situation and http://www.amazonlink.org/amazon/indigenous_cultures/estatuto.html

Campaign for the Approval of the Statute of the Indigenous Peoples WHAT IT IS DEADLINE WHO CAN SIGN? ACT NOW ! ... Amazonlink.org - home What it is the Statute of the Indigenous Peoples ? Currently the rights of the Indigenous peoples in Brazil are determined by Law 6,001/1973. This law from 1973 does not suit the current situation and presents a discriminatory vision of the Indigenous peoples. The Statute of the Indigenous Peoples is a proposal that seeks to grant the protection and the rights of the Brazilian Indigenous societies, taking into consideration: Demarcation of Indigenous lands Environmental protection Health Education Productive activities Criminal norms Crimes against Indians Since 1994 this proposal lies still in the Brazilian House of Representatives. Seeing the threat of degradation of Indigenous cultures in Brazil, this inactivity cannot be accepted. Deadline The first part of the signatures is supposed to be handed in until end of May. CIMI will continue gathering signatures until end of this year (2002). Who can sign?

86. 02-11-21 indigenous peoples in Brazil and Guyana A View from the Frontlines A paneldiscussion on the rights of indigenous peoples in Brazil and Guyana. http://web.gc.cuny.edu/dept/bildn/bildner/events/2002Events/02-11-21.htm

Indigenous Peoples in Brazil and Guyana: A View from the Frontlines A panel discussion on the rights of Indigenous peoples in Brazil and Guyana Indigenous Council of Roraima Socio-environmental Institute Jean La Rose, Amerindian Peoples Association Joanna Simmons, Amerindian Legal Services Center Rainforest Foundation-US Guyana and Brazil are disparate in size, language, history and culture. The Indigenous peoples who live within their borders, however, share many common concerns and aspirations. This panel discussion will focus on the situation of Indigenous peoples in the two countries, comparing national level policies as they reflect on specific local struggles. One of the cases to be highlighted in Brazil is that of Raposa Serra do Sol, the traditional The panel discussion is being co-organized by the Bildner Center and the Rainforest Foundation-US, a New York-based organization dedicated to supporting the rights of Indigenous peoples in Latin America. The speakers, who are briefly described below, represent Indigenous organizations and NGOs that partner with the RF-US on a series of legal, public policy, and capacity building initiatives in both Brazil and Guyana. The panel discussion will be a rare opportunity to hear about the situations of Indigenous peoples in Brazil and Guyana directly from people on the frontlines of the struggle for the recognition of Indigenous rights in Latin America. There will be ample opportunity for questions and discussion following the presentation.

87. 05_31 indigenous peoples in Brazil and Guyana A View from the Frontlines Thursday,November 21 at 600 PM Room C204/C205. A panel discussion on the rights of http://web.gc.cuny.edu/dept/bildn/bildner/brazil/seminars/2002/11_21.htm

Indigenous Peoples in Brazil and Guyana: A View from the Frontlines Thursday, November 21 at 6:00 P.M. Room C204/C205 A panel discussion on the rights of Indigenous peoples in Brazil and Guyana. Jean La Rose, Amerindian Peoples Association Joanna Simmons, Amerindian Legal Services Center Guyana and Brazil are disparate in size, language, history and culture. The Indigenous peoples who live within their borders, however, share many common concerns and aspirations. This panel discussion will focus on the situation of Indigenous peoples in the two countries, comparing national level policies as they reflect on specific local struggles. One of the cases to be highlighted in Brazil is that of Raposa Serra do Sol, the traditional The panel discussion is being co-organized by the Bildner Center and the Rainforest Foundation-US, a New York-based organization dedicated to supporting the rights of Indigenous peoples in Latin America. The speakers, who are briefly described below, represent Indigenous organizations and NGOs that partner with the RF-US on a series of legal, public policy, and capacity building initiatives in both Brazil and Guyana. The panel discussion will be a rare opportunity to hear about the situations of Indigenous peoples in Brazil and Guyana directly from people on the frontlines of the struggle for the recognition of Indigenous rights in Latin America. There will be ample opportunity for questions and discussion following the presentation.

88. Environment News Service ENS Latest Environmental Information Education Current brazilian indigenous Lands Case Filed by Female Legal Star Eighty indigenoushomes have been destroyed, and 71 people were illegally arrested. http://www.ens-newswire.com/ens/mar2004/2004-03-29-01.asp

Environment News Service for the latest environmental news, current issues, climate, water, food, forests, species, energy, education. RSS feed. Home About News Index Services ... Search ENS! Brazilian Indigenous Lands Case Filed by Female Legal Star WASHINGTON, DC , March 29, 2004 (ENS) - Brazil’s first female indigenous lawyer makes her legal debut today in Washington, DC. Joenia Batista de Carvalho, 30, a Wapixana woman who is one of this year's Reebok Human Rights awardees, is presenting her people's land rights case to the InterAmerican Commission on Human Rights. On behalf of the Indigenous Council of Roraima, she will ask this branch of the Organization of American States to intervene in a landmark battle for ancestral indigenous land known as Raposa Serra do Sol. The Rainforest Foundation US is co-filing the petition with the Indigenous Council of Roraima. Batista's work is fully supported by the U.S. branch of The Rainforest Foundation, a nonprofit organization based in New York City, London, and Oslo founded in 1989 by Sting and Trudie Styler. Batista will ask the human rights commission to pressure Brazilian President Luíz Inácio da Silva to keep a campaign promise to protect indigenous rights after decades of harassment, assassinations, and court battles have failed to produce legal demarcation of their territory.

89. RETANET | Urbanization In The Amazon Basin: Can Indigenous People Survive? The indigenous peoples of Brazil. Hearing before the Subcommittee on the WesternHemisphere Affairs of the Committee on Foreign Affairs. http://retanet.unm.edu/article.pl?sid=03/05/18/1911811

90. Human Organization: Who Are Brazil's Indigenas? Contributions Of Census Data Ana More recent appraisals suggest that Brazil s indigenous population has not data to study indigenous peoples. Brazil is a useful case for three reasons. http://www.findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_qa3800/is_200010/ai_n8910808

@import url(/css/us/style1.css); @import url(/css/us/searchResult1.css); @import url(/css/us/articles.css); @import url(/css/us/artHome1.css); Home Advanced Search IN free articles only all articles this publication Automotive Sports FindArticles Human Organization Fall 2000 Content provided in partnership with 10,000,000 articles Not found on any other search engine. Featured Titles for ASA News ASEE Prism Academe African American Review ... View all titles in this topic Hot New Articles by Topic Automotive Sports Top Articles Ever by Topic Automotive Sports Who are Brazil's indigenas? Contributions of census data analysis to anthropological demography of indigenous populations Human Organization Fall 2000 by Kennedy, David P Perz, Stephen G Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. With the goal of fostering discussion of anthropological demography, we assess Brazil's indigenous population using data from the 1991 census. We assert that an anthropological demography that includes the use of census data can help maximize the validity and reliability of social research. Despite problems with the conceptualization, coverage, and reporting of indigenas in Brazil's 1991 census, the first part of the analysis shows that census-based and key-informant-based estimates of indigenous populations in Brazil match very well. Given that the census data are no worse than those of other sources, the last part of the analysis projects Brazil's indigena population, and the results indicate rapid growth, from 294,000 in 1991 to 386,000 in 2001. These findings bear implications for ethnographic research on Brazilian Indians, the role of anthropologists in census enumerations, political strategies of Brazil's indigenist movement, and changes in state Indian policies.

91. UK Indymedia | Indigenous People Occupy Their Lands In Brazil indigenous People occupy their lands in Brazil. put together by Kim 19.05.2005 Hereby more photographs from the action of the indigenous peoples that http://www.indymedia.org.uk/en/regions/london/2005/05/311474.html

@import url(/style/london.css); HOME IMC UK Editorial Guidelines Mission Statement ... Support Us Indigenous People occupy their lands in Brazil Ecology Globalisation Social Struggles London ... World Hereby more photographs from the action of the indigenous peoples that continues today with 500 Tupinikim and Guarani participating. Aracruz will go to court, according to their comments in the media yesterday. More news later on. Article on the forests of silence follows. Forests of Silence—Terra de Resistancia On Wednesday the 16th of February 2005 the Kyoto Protocol came into effect. As well as attempting to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, the international agreement also aims to offset carbon pollution through sequestration methods known as clean development mechanisms. One of the CDM’s included in the Kyoto Protocol are so called planted forests. All over the world, millions of hectares of living trees are being planted or planted. As well as providing rich industrialised countries with valuable resources such as paper pulp, these ‘planted forests' also theoretically absorb carbon from the atmosphere and are a major market mechanism for combating climate change. Photos of Action The Forest Stewardship Council1 (FSC) founded in 1993- is an independent, non-profit organisation set up to safe guard the worlds forests, promote responsible forestry and ensure sustainable plantation management- -“plantation management is a critical issue for the world's forests. Whether viewed as a sustainable fibre supply, a carbon sink, a means for taking pressure off native forests or a chemical-dependent tree farming method, plantations are controversial and often divisive. The Forest Stewardship Council provides a forum to bring these divergent perspectives together and strengthen the global standard for responsible management of plantations.” The board of directors of the FSC includes individuals from internationally renowned environmental organisations such as Greenpeace and the World Wildlife Fund for Nature (WWF).

92. CERD Concluding Observations: BRAZIL Meeting, 1641. State, BRAZIL, Huridocs Code, 6420 The Committee takes notethat a new Statute of indigenous peoples (Estatuto da Sociedades Indigenas) http://sim.law.uu.nl/SIM/CaseLaw/uncom.nsf/0/55934f212eb15f08c1256e6e002bdad5?Op

93. Indigenous March 2000 Indigeous people gather in Acre/Brazil to initiate the indigenous March 2000 .indigenous March 2000. Representatives of the indigenous peoples of Acre and http://www.1worldcommunication.org/indigenousmarch2000.htm

Indigeous people gather in Acre/Brazil to initiate the "Indigenous March 2000" Representatives of the indigenous peoples of Acre and the South of Amazonas - a -, gathered on Friday, April 7th in the capital Rio Branco to iniciate the "Indigenous March 2000". After a speech of the indigenous leader Erondina Kaxinawá, given in Kaxinawa language, a letter was handed over to Acre's governor Jorge Viana remembering the maltreatment and forays during the "discovery" by the civilized man, and of the expulsion of the indigenous people from their lands. "Today", the letter continues, "we are at the mercy of the greed of the civilized who is not satisfied with millions of our relatives' deaths, and still wants to rob us the little that remained us"..... " The commemorations of the 500 years of Brazil offend and disrespect our ancestors, our anonymous heroes that died defending their children, grandsons and the future generations. We cannot ally with this hypocrisy. We won't celebrate millions of massacred relatives, victims of civilization, christianity and development, that destroyed and violated our laws, our life-system and even brought us the pain of prejudice and of discrimination ". The letter also mentions the Conference of the Indigenous Peoples and Organizations of Brazil on April 20th and 21st, where they will define common action strategies and propose a project for a new different Brazil, respecting the rights of indigenous people, blacks and other groups.

94. Brazilink - Brazil Indigenous People News Brazil s indigenous people plan monthlong protest, World Peace Herald (UPI), 1 Apr; Brazil Authorities Must Guarantee Rights of indigenous People, http://www.brazilink.org/brazilindigenousnews.asp

Politics Economy Environment Society ... International NGOs Brazil - Indigenous People News Illegal Miners Threaten Brazil Indians , The Guardian, 22 Jul Brazil: Fear for Safety , Amnesty International, 15 July Federal government demarcated Indigenous Territory today occupied by loggers , Amazonia, 5 Jul Guarani Indian Murdered by Gunmen , Survival International, 29 June Indigenous peoples: ''Lula frustrated our expectations' ', IPS, 28 May Logging ban protects Brazil tribe , BBC, 27 May; Little known Indian tribe spotted in Brazil , Reuters, 25 May;

95. Brazil: Settlers Kidnap Missionaries And Attack Indigenous People Amnesty International UK is the UK section of the international human rightsmembership organisation, Amnesty International. http://www.amnesty.org.uk/news/press/15092.shtml

This is an Amnesty International news release published on 12th January, 2004 See also: Brazil for more information If you are a UK-based journalist and require further information please call the AIUK Press Office on 020 7814 6238 or e-mail press@amnesty.org.uk If you are a journalist based outside the UK, please contact your local AI section If you are not a journalist, but would like to contact AI, please visit our contact pages for further details. Brazil: Settlers Kidnap Missionaries and Attack Indigenous People Settlers have invaded a Catholic mission in an indigenous reserve in Roraima State, Brazil, in protest at government plans to guarantee the land to indigenous peoples. They held three missionaries hostage for three days, and reportedly subjected them to psychological torture and humiliation. Supporters of the settlers have threatened to kidnap and beat any other missionaries they see on the streets. The settlers, reportedly co-ordinated by local landowners, invaded the Surumu Catholic mission, in the Raposa Serra do Sol indigenous reserve, on 6 January 2004. Brother Joao Carlos Martinez from Spain, Father Cesar Avellaneda from Colombia and Brazilian Father Ronildo Franca were taken hostage. Settlers have also blocked roads to indigenous communities in the area, and violent protests are continuing in several towns. Federal Police have tried to control the violence, but apparently do not have sufficient forces in the area to protect the community of Raposa Serra do Sol against further attacks.

96. Brazil - BRAZZIL - The Good Indian And Other Jungle Myths Either the indigenous people integrate into the civilization that surrounds there are today 325 thousand indigenous people in Brazil, that hold 11% of http://www.brazzillog.com/pages/p23mar99.htm

web brazzil.com Brazzil March 1999 Indians The Yanomami Bluff and Other Myths Forgotten by the Brazilian authorities for half the millennium, relegated to the condition of just another forest animal, at the dawn of the 21 st century, the Indians come face to face at a crossroads. Either the indigenous people integrate into the civilization that surrounds them or choose the judgement of a certain anthropology which prefers to see them enclosed in a zoo, for contemplation by the men of the future. Janer Cristaldo The century is coming to an end, the raging utopias that ravaged it are at the point of death, the Internet finally transformed the planet into a village, the USSR disintegrated, and Europe is unifying. In the middle of all this, Brazil is preparing to commemorate its discovery 500 years ago without yet having resolved, in its half a millennium of existence, the indigenous question. The national ego is inflated by having a Brazilian chosen by NASA for a trip into space, while woodland tribes still live in the Paleolithic age, depending on hunting, fishing, agriculture... and state charity. According to legends fully divulged by anthropologists and other "ologists," there were around six million inhabitants in Brazilian territory at the time the Portuguese arrived. The number is absurd and at the same time symbolic. Absurd, because such a census never could have been done by the torchbearers that landed on our shores. If with actual resources it is still not known if there are 3,000 or 10,000 supposed Yanomamis, it is impossible to imagine how the few sailors brought by Cabral could have mapped a continent of whose dimensions they didn't have the slightest idea. Symbolic, because they make us think of another round number, six million Jews. The figure immediately points to genocide. Provoked by whom? By the white man, of course. According to Darcy Ribeiro—one of the devotes of the six million thesis—"the expansion of the white man was the biggest catastrophe of human history".

97. BIOD: Brazil's Land Decree's Toll About 250000 indigenous people live in Brazil, representing 215 ethnic groups Article 231 of Brazil s constitution guarantees indigenous people control http://ces.iisc.ernet.in/hpg/envis/brazidoc62.html

Brazil's New Indigenous Land Decree Takes Its Toll Brazil's New Indigenous Land Decree Takes Its Toll The Rainforest Action Network reports on the impact of continued implementation of plans to review Brazilian indigenous land demarcations. This item was posted in econet's rainfor.general conference. An appeal is made for letters to the Brazilian Justice Minister asking for him to order the immediate demarcation of all indigenous territories, and to make sure the human rights of Brazilian indigenous populations are respected. By Beto Borges RAN's Amazon Program BRAZIL - DECREE #1775 TAKES ITS TOLL The controversial Decree #1775, signed into law by Brazilian President Fernando Henrique Cardoso on January 8, has already dealt a severe blow to Brazil's indigenous rights. The Decree allowed private interests, and state and local governments to challenge the demarcation of indigenous reserves. By the April 8 deadline, Brazil's National Foundation for Indian Affairs (FUNAI), which is in charge of processing the appeals, received 531 claims from miners, loggers, ranchers, and government officials, targeting 83 different Indian areas. About 250,000 indigenous people live in Brazil, representing 215 ethnic groups and 170 different languages. They live in 526 territories nationwide, which together comprise an area of 190 million acres... twice the size of California. About 188 million acres of this land is inside the Brazilian Amazon, in the states of Acre, Amap , Amazonas, Par , Mato Grosso, Maranh_o, Rondnia, Roraima, and Tocantins. There may also be 50 or more indigenous groups still living in the depths of the rainforest that have never had contact with the outside world.

98. RIGHTS-BRAZIL: No End To Violence Against Indigenous People Brazil s indigenous people now have 480 reserves that have either been formallydemarcated or are at some stage of the process. These areas cover 11 percent http://ipsnews.net/interna.asp?idnews=28093

99. NTM - Planting Tribal Churches : Brazil - COUNTRY INFORMATION Sixty percent of Brazil s indigenous people live in the Amazon region. Right now,there are numerous groups in which God s work waits to go forward. http://www.ntm.org/brazil/country_info.php

planting tribal churches COUNTRY INFORMATION BRAZIL Brazil is a bit smaller than the USA, but its five regions form a remarkably diverse country. The north contains the Amazon region – home to known and unknown indigenous people. The northeast contrasts desert with beautiful palm-treed beaches. The central west boasts one of earth's most unique wildlife refuges and is home to the capital with its modern architecture. The southeast, with its multiethnic feel and huge industrial production, is home to São Paulo, with the world’s fifth largest urban population. The south, settled mostly by European immigrant groups, inspires with its plains and rolling hills that create a backdrop to the enduring cowboy culture. Also in the south is found the majestic Iguaçu Falls at the convergence of Brazil, Argentina, and Paraguay. Like to try new, exotic foods? Maybe you think beans and rice is pretty exotic, but you're more likely to find the recipes of the northeast, with their emphasis on coconut, bananas, and spices, tantalize you. Whether sipping chimarrão – an herb tea – from a gourd, drinking sugar-cane juice with a twist of lime, or indulging in a drink made from the fruit of the cashew nut, you will become intoxicated with the flavors of Brazil.

100. Forefront | BRAZIL: Joênia Batista De Carvalho Context. More than half of Brazil’s indigenous people live in poverty. Most stilldepend on the land for their subsistence, but farming, logging, http://www.forefrontleaders.org/partners/latin-america/joênia-batista-de-carval

Home Partners Latin America BRAZIL: Joênia Batista de Carvalho BRAZIL: Joênia Batista de Carvalho Biography Joênia Batista de Carvalho, a member of the Wapixana tribe, works on the frontlines in the struggle for indigenous people’s rights in Brazil.  Joênia grew up in extreme poverty in one of the poorest regions of Brazil. Her mother worked as a domestic while her father traveled between villages to try to find work, often leaving the children in the care of relatives. Four of her seven brothers died early.  When Joênia reached adolescence, her family finally settled in one of the villages. The first time Joênia was able to attend school, she faced persistent discrimination from her classmates. Her brothers dropped out of school because they couldn’t bear the mistreatment, yet she persevered. Later Joênia moved to Boa Vista, the capital of Roraima, to study. By working in the evening and studying at night, she managed to put herself through college and then law school. Throughout that time, she continued to face bias that she attributed to her poverty and to her status as an indigenous person and as a woman. Joênia graduated from the University of Roraima’s Law School in 1997, becoming Brazil’s first female indigenous lawyer. She began working with the Conselho Indigena de Roraima (CIR), or the Indigenous Council of Roraima, as a volunteer and eventually took over its legal program. Joênia now uses her hard–earned legal skills on behalf of Brazil’s indigenous population.

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