41. Blizzards! - Audio Bookshelf Curricular Connection They learn that “The blizzard also caused Alfred Ely Beach’s 1849 dream of an check Natural disasters Murphy concludes his book by saying “No matter http://www.audiobookshelf.com/blizz_cc.html

BLIZZARD! The Storm that Changed America: Author: Jim Murphy AUTHOR CONNECTIONS: Author Jim Murphy won the Newbery Honor Book Award for his book The Great Fire . Jim Murphy grew up in New Jersey and became interested in history in middle school. But he felt that most of the books he read as a kid were boring and too full of names and dates, and too empty of action. As a result, he has written over two dozen books, most dealing with American history and has won many honors for his work. See his photo and learn more about how he learned to become a writer at http://www.cbcbooks.org/html/jim_murphy.html CURRICULAR CONNECTIONS: Research Projects About Other Notable Blizzards: Divide class into six small groups; each group will be responsible for researching, writing a report, and presenting their findings on other memorable blizzards that have transpired. Those possibilities include: Armistice Day Storm (November 11-12, 1940), The Great Midwest Blizzard (January 26-27, 1967), Blizzard of 1978 (January 25-27, 1978), Superstorm of 1993—also dubbed the "Storm of the Century" (March 12-13, 1993), Blizzard of 1996 (Jan. 7, 1996), and the January 24, 2000, new millennium storm that hit the East Coast. Utilizing the resources available on the Internet, students may want to attempt to interview people who lived through the various storms. Create and Maintain a Weather Station: Research Subway Systems of U. S. Cities:

42. Billion Dollar Disasters: A Chronology Of U.S. Events Some of the worst US weather disasters in the past quarter century. Storm/blizzard March 1993. Storm of the Century hits entire eastern seaboard with http://www.livescience.com/forcesofnature/disaster_chronology_1980_2004.html

Amazing Images: Summer under the Stars Contest 101 Amazing Earth Facts World Trivia VOTE NOW: The Ugliest Animals ... LiveScience.com: Cool Science Galleries Billion Dollar Disasters: A Chronology of U.S. Events By LiveScience Staff posted: 31 January, 2004 7:00 a.m. ET How good is your weather memory? In what year did the so-called "Storm of the Century" sweep the country and pound the entire Eastern Seaboard? How many tornadoes struck the Midwest in a record-setting one-week period of May, 2003? And do you remember the thousands of deaths caused by heat waves in 1980 and 1988? Along with the deaths came significant financial costs. The List The Story The United States sustained 62 weather-related disasters between 1980 and 2004 in which overall damages and costs were $1 billion or more at the time of the event. Any event under that amount is not on the list, even if it would be based on an inflation adjustment. That means some earlier events that might have been as financially severe in relative terms may not be represented here. Some inflation adjusting has been done for events that initially met the billion dollar threshold. Two cost figures are given for events prior to 2002: the first represents actual dollar costs at the time of the event; the second value in parenthesis (if given) is the dollar cost normalized to 2002 dollars, allowing for more accurate comparison of damage figures over time.

43. Pet Supplies-Online Pet Supply-Dog Supply In cases of disasters causing extreme cold, like a blizzard, have warm dog clotheson hand. Also, to be ready for evacuation you need to have a good pet http://www.littlepamperedpets.com/

Clearance About Us Order Info Contact Us ... Baby Clothes At Little Pampered Pets,we strive to be more than just another pet supplies quality pet supply store focuses on dog clothes and small dog sweaters as well as dog treats, pet toys, pet beds and pet carriers Dog Clothes For pets who like to stay warm in the winter, dry in the rain, or look absolutely adorable on a holiday, check out our dog clothes section! We have

44. Hurricanes,typhoons,cyclones,storms,lightning,thunder,blizzard blizzard Wind and snow make a blizzard. A blizzard is a North American name fora violent, 1992 Andrew The most expensive US natural disaster http://biblia.com/disasters/hurricanes.htm

Hurricanes Typhoons - Cyclones Storms - Blizzard Hurricanes-Typhoons-Cyclones... Storms... Thunder-Lightening... Blizzard Measuring the Storm The Ten Worst Hurricanes-Typhoons-Cyclones ... Pictures Hurricanes - Typhoons - Cyclones: A hurricane is a powerful cyclone (low-pressure area containing rising warm air) that forms over tropical oceans. During late summer and early autumn, low-pressure areas often form over the Caribbean or the Gulf of Mexico. Warm, moist air begins to rise rapidly. Cooler air moves in, and the air begins to spin. As the air pressure in the center drops, more air is drawn into the spinning system. The system begins to spin faster. The rapidly spinning, rising air forms a doughnut-shaped wall of strong winds, clouds, and rainfall. Inside the wall, the air is calm. This calm center is called the eye of the hurricane. Outside the eye, winds may reach rotational speeds close to 480 km/h. A typhoon is a violent storm that is formed over the Western Pacific. These storms are called a tropical cyclone . Typhoons are very similar to hurricanes. They begin near the equator, and move westward gaining in intensity and size. A storm surge often accompanies a typhoon. A storm surge is a giant wave that is caused by a storm. The winds near the center of a typhoon blow at very high speeds. They often reach 150 miles per hour. A typhoon can be up to 300 miles wide.

45. Blizzards Natural disasters Home blizzard Home blizzard Season blizzard Forecasting blizzard Timeline blizzard Preparedness Disaster Agencies http://library.thinkquest.org/CR0212082/blizhome.htm

Natural Disasters Home Blizzard Home ... Winter Weather Lesson Plan Blizzards are winter storms with very low temperatures and high winds that blow at least 35 miles per hour. The air temperature is usually around 20 degrees Fahrenheit. Severe blizzards are not very common, but when they do, the air temperature can be colder than 20 degrees Fahrenheit. The wind blows snow hard and it gathers in tall drifts. The snow often piles up against houses and cars. Sometimes the snow is so deep that it can bury large objects like trains, cars, and sometimes houses. Blizzards happen most often on the north great plains, but South Dakota is known as the "blizzard state". Blizzards have occured as far south as the state of Texas. This photograph was taken after an entire winter of blizzards had passed. The snow here is estimated to be between 25-30 feet deep. Thinkquest Meet the Team Site Outline Interactives ... Links Photographic Citations: Photographic citations can be found by passing the mouse over the photograph.

46. Home Page Welcome to the webpage of Natural disasters!! Quake.bmp (21502 bytes) blizzard.bmp (21502 bytes) Fires.bmp (21502 bytes) Flood.bmp (21502 bytes) http://library.thinkquest.org/5879/

Welcome to the webpage of Natural Disasters!! We have information on Tornadoes, Earthquakes, Volcanoes, Tsunamis, Blizzards, Floods, Hurricanes, and Droughts. We also have fun activities and how to be prepared for a natural disaster. Activities Be Prepared Bibiliography About Us ... Hurricanes This webpage was created for the Thinkquest Junior competition.

47. Washingtonpost.com: El Nino And last winter s calamities included a 13state blizzard and flooding in all 18 federally declared disasters from the October blizzard in Nebraska http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-srv/inatl/longterm/elnino/stories/cost1.htm

El Niño Special Report Federal Disaster Costs from El Niño By Jane E. Allen AP Science Writer Saturday, April 4, 1998; 1:13 p.m. EST LOS ANGELES (AP) Despite dire predictions, El Nino delivered a winter that was no costlier than either of the previous two punishing winters in the United States. There's no doubt this winter was bad: floods in California and the South, blizzards on the Plains, an ice storm in New England, tornadoes in Florida. But it didn't quite live up to expectations, according to preliminary tallies by the nation's top disaster agency. ``Everybody was screaming that El Nino was going to be Armageddon, but our data reveals that's not what it's turned out to be,'' said Val Bunting, a spokeswoman for the Federal Emergency Management Agency. As of Wednesday, FEMA had committed more than $289 million for 1997-98 winter disasters. That compares with $294 million in 1996-97 and $280 million in 1995-96, said Ms. Bunting. The winter of 1996-97 had severe flooding in the West and the Ohio Valley, blizzards in the Dakotas and Minnesota, and a tornado in Arkansas. And last winter's calamities included a 13-state blizzard and flooding in the Middle Atlantic States, Northeast and Pacific Northwest. By way of comparison, Ms. Bunting noted that winter damage totaled $126 million in 1987-88, $15.3 million in 1988-89 and $170 million in 1989-90.

48. Disaster Preparedness 101 - Book Preview - Homeland Security Alert Levels, Weath Hurricane; Tornado; Lightning; Flood; blizzard. Other Natural disasters. Earthquake;Landslide, Mudslide, Avalanche; Tsunamis; Volcano. Evacuation http://www.disasterprep101.com/preview-toc-1.cfm

Main Menu Home Page Book Overview News Contact Us Shopping Cart Order the book First Responder Discount Book Preview Table of Contents Sample Pages CD Companion About the Author Message from Paul Biography Links Exchange The Threat Level is: "The expert at anything was once a beginner." - Hayes Reaction Homeland Security Terror Threat Alert Levels The Lower Alerts Yellow Alert Orange Alert Red Alert Basic Personal Safety Dress For Success Gas Masks and "Moon Suits" The Drill to Survive Basic Personal Decontamination Manmade Misfortunes Nuclear Detonation "Dirty" Bomb or Radiological Accident Chemical Attack or HazMat Incident Biological Attack or Natural Epidemic Fire Bombing or Explosion Sniper Attack Held Hostage Weather Disasters Hurricane Tornado Lightning Flood Blizzard Other Natural Disasters Earthquake Landslide, Mudslide, Avalanche Tsunamis Volcano Evacuation Preparing the Gear The "Bugout" Kit Overview Contents in Detail Packing and Storage Planning the Destinations Where Ya Gonna Go? Planning the Route The Evac Atlas Getting There Out the Door Rendezvous!

49. WMO 50 - Chronicle Natural disasters such as cyclones have increased in the 20th century. A blizzard in Iran in Feb 1972 ended a fouryear drought but the week long cold http://www.wmo.ch/wmo50/e/world/weather_pages/chronicle_e.html

Our World International Weather Tropical Cyclone Centers Chronicle Natural Disaster Global Climate Water Resources Related Links Natural disasters such as cyclones have increased in the 20th century. Chronicle Notable climate events of the 20th century can be found here, recently compiled and issued from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) in Washington D.C. NOAA Factsheet NOAA's Top Global Weather, Water and Climate Events of the 20th Century The nation's climatologists at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, North Carolina, have selected some of the most notable floods, typhoons, hurricanes, droughts, heatwaves, tornadoes, winter storms and blizzards, and climate events of the 20th century. Factors taken into consideration included an event's magnitude, meteorological uniqueness, as well as its economic impact and death toll. Some of NOAA's top experts gave a perspective based on their areas of expertise. The events are found in no particular order, and the list is by no means exhaustive. Floods Typhoons, Cyclones, Hurricanes

50. FEMA: Pennsylvania Blizzard Disaster Information on Federally Declared disasters. Pennsylvania BlizzardDeclared January 13, 1996. News. More news for this disaster. http://www.fema.gov/news/event.fema?id=658

51. FEMA: Virginia Blizzard Disaster Information on Federally Declared disasters. Virginia blizzard DeclaredJanuary 13, 1996. News. More news for this disaster. http://www.fema.gov/news/event.fema?id=659

52. Southeast Missourian: Story: Tracking The Nature Of Natural Disasters Because of the nature of the disasters, the newspaper covered each differently . By the time the famous blizzard of 1979 blew into town, the look of the http://semissourian.rustcom.net/story/1077454.html

RIVER STAGE: 8.64 RISING Dow: 10641.94 STORY Recapping a century in Cape Girardeau A century of commerce (Part 3, 2000-2004) A century of commerce (Part 2, 1990-2000) A century of commerce (Part 1, 1904-1990) ... Cape began as a river city Tracking the nature of natural disasters Sunday, October 3, 2004 By Bob Miller ~ Southeast Missourian Flood waters inundated Highway 74 at the Dutchtown exit in 1993. [Click to enlarge] Cape Girardeau has been pummeled, drowned and buried by the weather. The Southeast Missourian captured several natural disasters in print over the last century. A few stand out: the 1927, 1993 and 1995 floods; the 1986 flash flood; the 1949 tornado; and the blizzard of 1979. Because of the nature of the disasters, the newspaper covered each differently. For example, the floods grew gradually, and the coverage built to a crescendo as the river rose. For the tornado, the blizzard and the flash flood, the Southeast Missourian wrote with an air of immediacy. At the time, the 1949 tornado was perhaps the biggest local story reported by the newspaper, which was then an afternoon daily. The twister prompted just the second "extra" edition in the paper's history. (The first was for the 1906 San Francisco earthquake.) A day before the Big One, the Missourian reported a tornado that struck Parma, Mo., and killed an 11-year-old boy. On Saturday, tragedy struck Cape Girardeau.

53. Georgia Disasters -- Storm & Excess Water and Environmental Sciences dealing with Natural disasters in Georgia. Following a blizzard, get water to your livestock as soon as possible; http://interests.caes.uga.edu/disaster/freeze/articles/winter09.htm

Main Page News Releases Articles A special information site from The University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Make Selection Disaster Main Page Disaster Preparation Disaster Recovery Drought Fire Nuclear Emergency CARING FOR LIVESTOCK AFTER A BLIZZARD Water Following a blizzard, get water to your livestock as soon as possible; their water need is critical. Cattle cannot satisfy all their water requirements by eating snow. In pastures with severe drifting, water in shallow streams may be absorbed by snow in the stream bed. Very little, if any, running water may be available for several days. You may need to haul water to cattle. Also, if water is limited, keep cattle off salt. Cattle which have been away from feed and water for several days may overeat salt, causing salt poisoning. Feed When stock cannot be reached by roads, use planes, helicopters or snowmobiles to provide emergency rations. Cattle Feedlot cattle that have gone through a severe storm or stress period should be put back on feed carefully. Change the ration gradually from a low to a high proportion of concentrate. Watch your herd carefully for several weeks following prolonged severe winter weather exposure. Isolate cattle that show signs of scouring or labored breathing. Keep these animals in a dry, draft-free place and contact a veterinarian.

54. Georgia Disasters -- Storm & Excess Water of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences dealing with Natural disasters inGeorgia. Severe blizzard Great density of falling and/or blowing snow, http://interests.caes.uga.edu/disaster/freeze/articles/winter14.htm

Main Page News Releases Articles A special information site from The University of Georgia College of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences Make Selection Disaster Main Page Disaster Preparation Disaster Recovery Drought Fire Nuclear Emergency WINTER WEATHER WARNINGS - WHAT THEY MEAN Being familiar with terminology used by the Weather Service will help you know what to expect when weather warnings are issued. The following terms are used frequently in winter weather releases: Freezing rain occurs when temperatures are below 32 degrees F and rain freezes on impact. This causes an ice coating on all exposed surfaces. If the coating is heavy, falling trees or wires can be additional hazards. Freezing rain or drizzle is called an ice storm when a substantial glaze layer accumulates. In some parts of the country, ice storms are called "silver thaws" or "silver frosts." Sleet is frozen rain drops (ice pellets) which bounce on surface impact. Sleet does not stick to other objects, but sufficient accumulations can cause dangerous driving conditions. Travelers' advisory means that falling snow and/or drifting snow, strong winds, freezing rain or drizzle will make driving hazardous.

55. The Blizzard Of 78, Considered The Storm Of The Century Boston disasters The blizzard of 78 Storm Before The blizzard of 78 On January20th 1978, 21 inches of snow fell in Boston. The narrow streets of Boston http://www.celebrateboston.com/disasters/blizzardof78.htm

Mitt Romney in 2008? H ome Historic Sites ... Real Estate Boston Disasters The Blizzard of 78 Storm Before The Blizzard of 78 On January 20th 1978, 21 inches of snow fell in Boston. The narrow streets of Boston were clogged with snow. It took a few days to dig out, but the city still had piles of snow everywhere. The above photograph was taken in East Boston on Meridian Street, after about eight inches of snowfall. Please note there is a line of cars behind the bus, all with their headlights on, in broad daylight. As part of their duties, Boston Firefighters had to dig out hundreds of fireplugs throughout the city for obvious reasons. This storm was considered one of the worst in Boston's history. Last Westbound Blue Line Train This author was less prudent in '78 and enjoyed taking photographs of the city during harsh weather. The two storms blend somewhat in memory, but I believe the above photo was taken of a train about to leave Orient Heights on February 6th 1978 heading for downtown Boston. When this train traveled into the short tunnel near Airport Station, it was unable to climb the grade on the other side due to ice and snow on the tracks. The motorman shrewdly backed the train into the tunnel again, and operated the train in reverse from the last car, which was able to push the train up the other side successfully. When the train arrived at Maverick Station, the Blue Line was shut down.

56. DI Forums Board - My First Earthquake!! But I wouldn t really consider a blizzard to be a disaster. If that were thecase, we d have a couple of disasters a year here. http://forums.di.fm/archive/index.php/t-14338.html

DI Forums Board DI Discussion Forums The Backyard PDA View Full Version : My First Earthquake!! Rooster May 14th, 2002, 11:04 AM I would like to announce that last night at 10:00pm PST, I experienced my first earthquake. Center was 15 miles deep about 45 miles south of me. Measured 5.2. :) Currently, I now need Plauge, Tidal wave, and Blizzard to Complete my Natural Disaster experiences. Roo May 14th, 2002, 11:06 AM LOL, that was your first? welcome to SF! I was on sand and my whole goddam house rocked cause I'm on SAND. When the next big one comes I'm going to sink into the ground, it'll be fun. I was in a chatroom when it happened, and you could tell as the earthquake moved around the city. My friend in Pacific Heights was the last to feel it. EDIT: I've had a blizzard too, I need to work on the other two Whiteout May 14th, 2002, 11:14 AM Originally posted by Rooster Currently, I now need Plauge, Tidal wave, and Blizzard to Complete my Natural Disaster experiences. Roo Well, I know a really good place to experience a blizzard. Just come live in Alberta for a few months next winter. But I wouldn't really consider a blizzard to be a disaster. If that were the case, we'd have a couple of "disasters" a year here. Rooster May 14th, 2002, 11:19 AM

57. Quick Response Report #88 - Response To Severe Winter And Blizzard Conditions The losses caused by blizzards come through the blockage of movement and the Coal mining too takes a toll through occasional disasters and illnesses http://www.colorado.edu/hazards/qr/qr88.html

Quick Response Report #88 RESPONSE TO SEVERE WINTER AND BLIZZARD CONDITIONS IN GRUNDY AND BUCHANAN COUNTY, VIRGINIA, IN 1996: A FOCUS GROUP ANALYSIS Joseph B. Perry Department of Sociology Bowling Green State University Bowling Green, OH 43403 Corresponding author: e-mail: socdept@opie.bgsu.edu Duane Dukes Department of Sociology John Carroll University University Heights, OH 44118 Randall Norris American Culture Studies Bowling Green State University Bowling Green, OH 43403-0231 Return to Hazards Center Home Page Return to Quick Response Paper Index This material is based upon work supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant No. CMS-9632458. Any opinions, findings, and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. RESPONSE TO SEVERE WINTER AND BLIZZARD CONDITIONS IN GRUNDY AND BUCHANAN COUNTY, VIRGINIA, IN 1996: A FOCUS GROUP ANALYSIS ABSTRACT INTRODUCTION This is a report of the first phases of a study of response to the blizzard conditions by people living in Buchanan County, Virginia, during the winter of 1995 - 1996. It is intended to add further to the body of knowledge about how people respond to some of the difficulties associated with winter blizzard conditions. The research question as stated in our proposal to the Natural Hazards Research and Applications Information Center was ". . . to examine the problem of how people help one another in dealing with the problems created by blizzards. We are especially interested in the coping behavior which takes place during the peak intensity of the storm, when it is impossible or almost impossible to move about."

58. Per Capita FEMA Disaster Relief natural disasters that take the form of a hurricane, tornado, blizzard, My original equation is PC FEMA EXP = ß0 + ß1*PCI + ß2*POP +ß3*blizzard + http://www.union.edu/PUBLIC/ECODEPT/schmidsj/eco43/projects/lawton.htm

Jessica Lawton Eco 43 “The Determinants of Per Capita FEMA Natural Disaster Relief” Introduction Each year, millions of Americans face a natural disaster suddenly, without warning, and FEMA is there to help support state and local governments and their citizens when disasters overwhelm them in time of need. FEMA works in cooperation with state and local governments, twenty-seven federal agencies, and the American Red Cross to prepare people for disasters and emergencies, to respond to occurrences, help with the recovery process, mitigate the efforts, reduce the risk of loss, and help in preventing shock from future disasters. My sample focuses on the natural disasters that take the form of a hurricane, tornado, blizzard, flood, ice storm, earthquake, or wildfire. My econometric analysis will answer the question of what determines the level of FEMA disaster expenditures per capita for each of the 51 states. I will be analyzing if the levels of per capita disaster relief expenditures are due to the number of natural disasters declared or if the per capita income of each state influences the level. My hypothesis is to determine whether the median household income of the state affects the allocation of FEMA disaster relief funds in the year 1996.

59. GEsource: Natural Disasters And Hazards - Billion Dollar Disasters wildfires, volcanoes, disaster prevention, timelines, research, warnings. Storm/blizzard March 1993 Storm of the Century hits entire eastern http://www.gesource.ac.uk/hazards/billion.html

Droughts Earthquakes Flooding Mass Movements ... Wildfires Information Hazards Home Historical Events Satellite Images All Articles ... Current US Weather Other areas of GEsource Home World Guide Subject Packs Billion Dollar Disasters 1980-2004 This report, produced by the US National Climatic Data Center (NCDC) describes the human and environmental impact of the 62 billion dollar disasters recorded in the US over a 25 year period. The US has sustained 62 weather-related disasters during the 1980-2004 period in which overall damages and costs reached or exceeded $1 billion at the time of the event. This report does not contain any events that had unadjusted damages/losses less than $1 billion dollars and then subsequently may have reached $1 billion after applying the (Gross National Product) GNP inflation/wealth index. Fifty-three of these disasters occurred since 1988 with total unadjusted damages/costs of nearly $260 billion. Seven events occurred in 1998 alone - the most for any year in the summary period, though other years have recorded higher damage totals. Events are listed beginning with the most recent. Two damage figures are given for events prior to 2002 - the first figure represents actual dollar costs at the time of the event and is not adjusted for inflation. Therefore, event costs over time should not be compared using this value. The second value in parenthesis (if given) is the dollar cost normalized to 2002 dollars using a GNP inflation/wealth index. This allows for more accurate comparison of damage figures over time. The total normalized losses from the 62 events are over $390 billion.

60. GEsource: Natural Disasters And Hazards - Storms flooding, landslides, wildfires, volcanoes, disaster prevention, timelines,research, warnings. Record blizzard buries US Northeast, January 2005 http://www.gesource.ac.uk/hazards/images/2150.html

Droughts Earthquakes Flooding Mass Movements ... Wildfires Natural Hazards Information Hazards Home Historical Events Satellite Images All Articles ... Current US Weather Storms Resources Storms Home Storms Images Historical Storms Events Storms Articles ... Tornado Photography Storms Websites Academic departments Case studies Databases Field studies ... Research Projects Other areas of GEsource Home World Guide Subject Packs Navigate: Storms Home Satellite Images Home Record blizzard buries US Northeast, January 2005 Image Courtesy NASA Earth Observatory Natural Hazards page created by GEsource 2005

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