21. Black Widow Spiders By Jim Cornish, Gander, Newfoundland Canada This site is for P and E students/teachers and lists Web resources on black widow spiders. http://www.cdli.ca/CITE/spidersblack.htm

Elementary Theme Pages Black Widow Spiders Theme Pages Spiders Theme Page Black Widow Spiders The Black Widow, (Latrodectus mactans), is a poisonous spider of the family Theridiidae, order Araneida. The female, about 1.3 cm (0.5 in) long, is glossy black, densely clothed with microscopic hairs, and marked with a characteristic red hourglass on the underside of the abdomen. Black Widows Spiders The female Black Widow is shiny black, usually with a reddish hourglass shape on the underside of her spherical abdomen. Her body is about 1 inch long; the male is about half her size and may have a pair of reddish stripes on the sides of his abdomen. The Widow Spiders The widow spiders, genus Latrodectus, are among the most recognized spiders on earth; they are the largest of the cobweb weavers, family Theridiidae, and all species are poisonous. Black Widow Spider Factsheet Black widow spiders are common around wood piles, and are frequently encountered when homeowners carry firewood into the house. Also found under eaves, in boxes, outdoor toilets, meter boxes, and other unbothered places. Red-black Spiders Hundreds of people are bitten by Red-back Spiders every year. Its close relative, the Black Widow Spider, is probably the most common cause of serious spider bites overseas.

22. EMedicine Health - Wilderness: Black Widow And Recluse Spider Bite, Multimedia black widow spiders (Latrodectus mactans) may be black or brown with a leg span of approximately 1 inch. Most can be identified by a red hourglass on the http://www.emedicinehealth.com/articles/27039-6.asp

Search September 19, 2005 Registration Healthcare Professionals You are in: Wilderness Emergencies Wilderness: Black Widow and Recluse Spider Bite Multimedia Media file 1: Brown recluse spider. Note the violin pattern on cephalothorax and light-colored, hairless abdomen. Media type: Photo Media file 2: Brown recluse spider. Media type: Photo Media file 3: Brown recluse spider head close-up. Media type: Photo Media file 4: Black widow spider. Note the characteristic hourglass abdominal markings. Media type: Photo Media file 5: Black widow spider. Media type: Photo Wilderness: Black Widow and Recluse Spider Bite, For More Information Wilderness: Black Widow and Recluse Spider Bite, Synonyms and Keywords Sections Spider Bite Overview Spider Bite Symptoms Spider Bite Treatment When to Seek Medical Care ... For More Information Multimedia Synonyms and Keywords Authors and Editors Dementia is not something that happens only to older people. Learn about causes and treatment options. Stress, fear, or worries can lead to severe anxiety, which can have a serious impact on your life. Do you need to seek help?

23. Latrodectus Black widow spider (Latrodectus lugubris) in Kazakhstan and Central Asia black widow spiders (TheridiidaeLactrodectus sp.) in the Low Desert http://www.arachnology.org/Arachnology/Pages/Latrodectus.html

Latrodectus - Black Widows A Dangerous Female Some info. Philip Jensen (Canada) Bites and Stings Black widow, brown recluse and scorpions. Personal Safety. City of Phoenix (USA) Black Widow Lactrodectus hesperus. Desert USA, Digital West Media (USA) Black Widow Virginia Cooperative Extension (USA) Black widow With a distribution table of the best known species. Poisonous Plants and Animals. Thinkquest. Black widow With info and a picture of the Black widows, Latrodectus mactans. Bull's Pest Control (USA) Black Widow Spider Latrodectus mactans. Description, biology, control. National IPM Network, North Carolina Component (USA) Black Widow Spider Very nice pictures and info. Creature-Creations (USA) Black Widow Spider Latrodectus mactans. Pest Control Supplies (USA) Black widow spider Lactrodectus spp., Characteristics, Where found, Comparison with other species, Habitat, Food, Biology, Damage, Invasion, Control. Western Pest Services (USA) Black widow spider Description of the poisoning from a bite by a black widow spider. U.S. National Library of Medicine (USA) Black widow spider Latrodectus mactans. National Aquarium in Baltimore (USA)

24. Black Widow Spider Death has been reported in less then 1% of documented black widow spider bite To reduce the occurrence of black widow spiders, rubble, scrap, lumber, http://www.uark.edu/depts/entomolo/museum/widow.html

UNIVERSITY OF ARKANSAS ARTHROPOD MUSEUM NOTES Number 12 2002, revised May 17, 2003 by Jeffrey K. Barnes Southern and northern black widow spiders Order: Araneae Family: Theridiidae Genus and species: Latrodectus mactans (F) and L. variolus Walckenaer The southern black widow, Latrodectus mactans , is probably the most common species in this state. The posterior portion of the red hourglass on the underside of the female’s abdomen may appear more like a rounded rectangle than a triangle, and there is usually a row of red spots on top of the abdomen. The northern black widow, L. variolus , is more common in the northern states. The anterior and posterior portions of the ventral hourglass are not joined at the middle, and red and white marking on top of abdomen tend to be more prominent than in the southern black widow (Kaston 1970) Black widows build irregular webs of coarse silk, usually near the ground in dark places, and usually outdoors. Webs are often built among leaf litter on the ground in deciduous forests. They are also found under rocks or logs, in piles of rubble, in mammal burrows, and in dark corners of sheds, garages, crawl spaces, cellars, and basements. The spiders hang in an inverted position in these webs, do not leave them voluntarily, and are clumsy and completely out of their element away from them. They will eat almost any insect that wanders into the snare. In one study of southern black widows in Texas cotton fields, three quarters of the spiders’ prey consisted of fire ants (Nyffeler et al. 1988)

25. Exn.ca's Deadly Bugs: Female black widow spiders use its venom to paralyze its prey (Photo There are about six species of the black widow spider all of which are poisonous. http://www.exn.ca/bugs/BlackWidows.cfm

Black Widow Spiders Female black widow spiders use its venom to paralyze its prey (Photo courtesy of Greensmiths Inc.) (By Roxane Tracey Description: There are about six species of the black widow spider - all of which are poisonous. The female black widow spider (the most deadly of the two genders) is shiny and black, with a reddish hourglass shape on the bottom of her spherically shaped abdomen. The female's body is about two and a half centimetres long (including her legs). The male is about half her size and at times appears with a pair of reddish stripes on the sides of his abdomen. Where to find them: They make their homes everywhere from deserts to trash cans and attics - generally spinning their webs in warm, dark places. Black widows are found throughout most of the Western Hemisphere. Species such as Latrodectus hesperus are common in the western U.S. and the Latrodectus mactans species is common in eastern and central American states. The attack: Although nobody in the U.S. has died from a black widow spider bite in 10 years, it can be a painful experience if the female decides to attack. The more timid male black widow spider does not bite humans as the female reigns as the more aggressive of the two. Death is most likely to occur from a black widow spider bite if medical attention is unavailable. A female black widow spider's bite looks almost like a target, with a lighter area surrounded by a red circle. Although her venom is 15 times more potent than an equal amount of rattlesnake venom, her 1.7-millimetre fangs inject only a tiny amount of the liquid.

26. Black Widow Spiders black widow spiders are common in the Southwestern Deserts. Here are the facts you need to know about these venomous spiders. http://phoenix.about.com/cs/desert/a/spider.htm

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27. Treat A Black Widow Spider Bite black widow spiders are common in the Southwest, and they are venomous. Here s waht to do if you are butten by a black widow spider. http://phoenix.about.com/cs/desert/ht/blackwidow.htm

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28. Spider Fact Sheets Outdoors, western black widow spiders may be terrestrial or live above the Anyone bitten by a western black widow spider should receive prompt and http://www.zoo.org/educate/fact_sheets/spiders/west_widow.html

back Western Black Widow * Latrodectus hesperus Classification and Range Widow spiders belong in the class of arthropods called Arachnida. They are further classified into the order Araneae, and then into the family Theridiidae. Widow spiders are in the genus Latrodectus Western black widows live and are sometimes common in the western part of North America. Their range includes extreme southwestern Canada, south into Mexico along the Pacific coast, and east to Texas, Oklahoma and Kansas. Western black widows are abundant in regions of Arizona, California, and other westerly locales. In Washington state, they live throughout the Columbia Basin and east of the Cascade Mountains. There are also small populations on some of the San Juan Islands and a very tiny colony of western black widows lives in a special habitat on the west coast of Whidbey Island. Other than specimens transported from elsewhere, there are no confirmed records from the mainland of western Washington; occurrence in the Sequim area is possible but unconfirmed. Habitat Outdoors, western black widow spiders may be terrestrial or live above the ground. Indoors, they build their webs in undisturbed areas that are not frequented by humans.

29. Canadian Food Inspection Agency - Fact Sheet - Safety Tips For Black Widow Spide black widow spiders are distinctive due to their shiny, round body, brown or black color and two reddish or yellowish triangles on the abdomen. http://www.inspection.gc.ca/english/corpaffr/foodfacts/grapraise.shtml

datestamp='2005-02-25' Quick Pick By Commodity / Key Topic Animal health Biotechnology Dairy Eggs Employment Opportunities Feeds Fertilizers Fish and Seafood Food Recalls Forestry Fresh Fruits and Vegetables Grains Honey Horticulture Meat Hygiene Pet Imports Plant Biosafety Plant Breeder's Rights Potatoes Processed Products Publications Retail Food/Labelling Seeds Variety Registration Veterinary Biologics Main Page - Publications Main Page - Food Facts Consumer Centre Newsroom ... Health Canada Food Program Publications Canadian Food Inspection Agency Factsheet Safety Tips for Black Widow Spiders in Grapes Incidents of Black Widow Spiders Safety Measures when Finding Spiders in Fresh Produce Any spiders should be treated with caution. The best control is to get rid of the spider without touching it or its web. Consumers are advised to wash their grapes thoroughly by placing them under running warm water. This practice will clean the product of any extraneous matter and likely immobilize any live spiders by washing them off into the sink. If a spider falls into the sink it is recommended that the spider be killed rather than captured. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency also encourages consumers to report any incidents of finding spiders in produce so that appropriate action can be taken Common name: Black Widow Spider.

30. Untitled Document Venom, black widow spiders can be found throughout most of the western Latrotoxin is injected into the black widow s victim through its fangs. http://helium.vancouver.wsu.edu/~lindblad/blackwidow.html

Black Widow Spider Neurotoxin: Latrotoxin Neuronal Action: Enhances Acetylcholine Release Venom Black widow spiders can be found throughout most of the western hemisphere. In these areas they are most likely to be found in dimly lit areas, such as barns, garages, basements, or hollow stumps (North Carolina State University: Center for Integrated Pest Management). Latrotoxin is injected into the black widow's victim through its fangs. It targets the motor and sensory neurons and stimulates the release of neurotransmitters from nerve endings. Some of these neurotransmitters are acetylcholine, glutamate and aminobutyric acid (Ushkaryov, 2002). The bite of a black widow is not painful at first, and feels like a pin prick. Within minutes of the attack, though, the pain becomes more and more intense. The pain and swelling spread throughout the body, and are accompanied by nausea, lymph node pain, loss of coordination, sweating, elevated blood pressure and respiratory difficulty. The bite can be fatal, but recovery usually occurs within 2 to 5 days (North Carolina State University: Center for Integrated Pest Management; Stibich, 2002) In 1997, 13,000 bites were reported to the American Association of Poison Control Centers. There were no fatal bites reported. Less than 1% of reported bites are fatal (Stibich, 2002).

31. Widow black widow spiders (LATRODECTUS) IN VERMONT. During November two people came to the museum with female black widow spiders they had found in their homes, http://www.uvm.edu/~rtbell/Widow.html

BLACK WIDOW SPIDERS (LATRODECTUS) IN VERMONT During November two people came to the museum with female black widow spiders they had found in their homes, one climbing a living room wall in Randolph and one in a basement in Burlington. Since we have no VT specimens in the museum collection we thought this might represent a population surge in species normally found in warmer climates. Perhaps this is an indicator of global warming in VT, but, whatever the cause, we should become more aware of this spider. Description - They are black spiders with long tapering legs. The abdomen is globose and the overall size for females ranges from 8-13 mm. (3/4" in) while the males are smaller (3/8"). They make haphazard webs with a retreat tunnel at one end and are usually found outdoors under rocks, bark and around outside sheds. They could be inadvertently brought inside with firewood, lumber or some camping equipment. Number of species - There are two eastern species called Latrodectans mactans and variolus and there is a western one called hesperus Anterior ventral

32. Black Widow Spider Like wolves and snakes, the black widow spider is the victim of bad publicity. black widow spiders are commonly found around homes, garages, http://www.wildlifedepartment.com/blackspider.htm

Black Widow Spider By Lance Meek Home (Click to see larger image.) Like wolves and snakes, the black widow spider is the victim of bad publicity. While they are one of the two potentially dangerous spiders found in Oklahoma, their bad public image is somewhat undeserved. The truth is that the black widow has not caused any deaths in the United States for several decades. Also, they are a voracious consumer of insects, particularly flies, crickets, and even cockroaches. Purchase a License Natural Resources Fishing Black widow is actually the common name given to several long-legged, smooth bodied spiders found in the tropics, southern United States and southern Canada. The female of the species found in Oklahoma, Latrodectus mactans, can be identified by its jet black body with an hourglass-shaped red mark on the underside of the abdomen. When mature, she measures about one and a half inches with her legs extended. Males, which are rarely seen, are only about half as large and usually have four pairs of red dots along the side of the abdomen. Newly hatched black widows are white with black spots on their abdomens and a cream colored hourglass. Later, they become cream and brown-striped, before entering their mature color phase. The black widow requires about four months from egg to maturity with the females going through six to nine molts. Over their one- to two-year life span the females produce several egg sacs, each containing several hundred eggs. Female black widows guard the sac, which resembles a silken cocoon, until the eggs hatch. During this time she is most likely to bite. Eggs are most frequently encountered between May to October.

33. Spider Myths: Mate And Be Eaten! Just Plain Weird Stories. Myth When black widow spiders mate, the female always kills and eats the male. Mating pair of western black widows B W photo http://www.washington.edu/burkemuseum/spidermyth/myths/blackwidow.html

The Spider Myths Site You Are Here: Burke Museum Spider Myths Weird Black Widow Just Plain Weird Stories Myth: When black widow spiders mate, the female always kills and eats the male. Western Black Widows Latrodectus hesperus Females weigh 10-160 times as much as males, lending "weight" to the myth. (from B.J. Kaston photo) Click image to enlarge Fact: This myth (which is not totally false, but very far from true) is believed even by scientists, and can be found in many ecology textbooks! It's depressing; the authors are obviously copying each other and have never actually watched black widows mate in the field. To understand the facts about black widow mating, you must first understand that there are many different species worldwide in the black-widow group (the genus Latrodectus ), and three different black widow species in the United States alone, two in the east and one in the west. These species do not all behave alike. Moreover, in the past most observations of mating took place in laboratory cages, where males could not escape. The only known Latrodectus species in which mate cannibalism in nature is the rule, not the exception, are in the Southern Hemisphere. Of U.S. species, mate cannibalism occurs sometimes in

34. Eliminating Spiders Around Homes And Buildings black widow spiders are not as common in homes as the brown recluse. Eliminating an infestation of brown recluse or black widow spiders involves two http://www.uky.edu/Agriculture/Entomology/entfacts/struct/ef623.htm

University of Kentucky Entomology EntFacts Information Sheets ELIMINATING SPIDERS AROUND HOMES AND BUILDINGS By Mike Potter, Extension Entomologist University of Kentucky College of Agriculture Many different kinds of spiders live in and around buildings. Some, such as garden and cellar spiders, construct webs to help entrap their prey. Others, including the wolf spiders, are free-roaming and make no webs. Most spiders are harmless and in fact are beneficial because they prey upon flies, crickets and other insects. They generally will not attempt to bite humans unless held or accidentally trapped. Moreover, the majority of spiders have fangs too small or weak to puncture human skin. Of the hundreds of species found in Kentucky, only the black widow and brown recluse are dangerous. Fortunately, both are relatively uncommon, and have markings which can be used to distinguish them from other non-threatening species. Black Widow Spider USDA Insect and Plant Disease Slide Set Of the spiders capable of inflicting a poisonous bite, black widows are the most notorious. The female is about 1/2-inch long, shiny black and usually has a red hourglass mark on the underside of the abdomen. In some varieties the hourglass mark may be reduced to two separate spots. Spiderlings and male spiders are smaller than the females and have several red dots on the abdomen’s upper side.

35. Black Widow Spider What is a black widow spider? black widow spiders ( - Latrodectus mactans - and - Latrodectus hesperus - ) http://my.webmd.com/hw/health_guide_atoz/tm6498.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center XML News via RSS Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Health Tools Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map You are in Medical Library Our Content Sources Ask A Question Clinical Trials Health Guide A-Z Health Topics Symptoms Medical Tests Medications ... Support Organizations Black widow spider What is a black widow spider? Black widow spiders Latrodectus mactans and Latrodectus hesperus ) are found throughout the United States. Only the female black widow is poisonous. Female black widows are long-legged, shiny, coal-black spiders with an orange, red, or yellow shape on their underside that usually looks like an hourglass but may be another shape. Female black widows are usually about 2 in.(5.1 cm) across but may be smaller. Black widow spiders tend to bite defensively when their webs are disturbed. Old stumps or wood piles are favorite hiding places of black widow spiders. Most bites occur in rural and suburban areas and occur between the months of April and October. Bites to babies and children may be more serious than bites to adults. What are the signs and symptoms of a black widow spider bite?

36. Black Widow Spider | Picture | Spider Bite | Venom | Habitat | Male There are about six species of black widow spiders and all of them are poisonous. http://www.kidzworld.com/site/p159.htm

quick advanced Scroll down for the article Female Black Widow Wild Things - Bite of the Black Widow It may have worked in Spider-Man's advantage, but for the most part, you want to avoid being bitten by a spider. The black widow is the most venomous spider in North America and it may be lurking in your backyard ! Find out more about this eight-legged predator Indentifying the Black Widow There are three species of black widow spiders and all of them are poisonous. The female black widow is the most poisonous spider in North America , while the male is harmless. You can identify a female black widow by her shiny, black body that has a reddish hourglass shape on the underside of the belly. Her body is approximately the same size as the tip of your baby finger . The male is around half the size of the female and sometimes has a pair of reddish stripes on the side of his body The Life Span of the Black Widow The female black widow makes good of her name and usually makes a meal out of the male after mating . On average, the female black widow will live for about a year and a half.

37. Identify Termites, Insects And Pests With The Terminix Commercial Pest Library Behavior – The black widow spider is widely feared because its bite results black widow spiders construct irregular, scaffoldtype webs usually near the http://www.terminix.com/Pest/Library/Commercial/index.cfm?fuseaction=category&pe

38. Identify Ants, Spiders, Cockroaches, Termites, Insects And Other Pests With The The black widow spider is widely feared because its bite results in severe black widow spiders construct irregular, scaffoldtype webs usually near the http://www.terminix.com/Pest/Library/?fuseaction=category&pestCategory=Spiders

39. Objective Consulting, Inc. Spider Information Black Widow black widow spiders and Other Spiders of Medical Importance. This page discusses spiders of medical importance. The Black Widow. Offers a profile on Black http://www.spiders.com/info/topic.jsp?id=5

40. Black Widow Spider@Everything2.com black widow spiders have earned a bad rap by supposedly eating the males of their species after mating with them. This is only partially true. http://www.everything2.com/index.pl?node_id=514154

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