21. Alternative Energy Sources Some alternative energy sources are biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric, solar, wind power, fuel cells, ocean thermal energy conversion, tidal energy, http://www.pge.com/microsite/PGE_dgz/more/alternative.html

Alternative Energy Sources Alternative energy sources are resources that are constantly replaced and are usually less polluting. They are not the result of the burning of fossil fuels or splitting of atoms. The use of renewable energy is contributing to our energy supply. Some alternative energy sources are: biomass, geothermal, hydroelectric, solar, wind power, fuel cells, ocean thermal energy conversion, tidal energy, and wave energy. Biomass is renewable energy that is produced from organic matter. Biomass fuels include wood and forest and mill residues, animal waste, grains, agricultural crops, and aquatic plants. These materials are used as fuel to heat water for steam or processed into liquids and gases, which can be burned to do the same thing. With more use of biomass at lower production costs and better technology, the United States could generate as much as four-and-a-half times more biopower by 2020. It is estimated that biomass will have the largest increase among renewable energy sources, rising by 80 percent and reaching 65.7 billion kWh in 2020. Geothermal energy Hydroelectric (hydropower) energy employs the force of falling water to drive turbine-generators to produce electricity. Hydropower produces more electricity than any other alternative energy sources. It has been estimated that hydroelectric power will decline from 389 billion kWh in the U.S. in 1999 to 298 billion kWh in 2020. This decline is expected because most of the best sites for hydropower have already been developed and because of concerns about the adverse impact that large-scale hydroelectric facilities may have on the environment.

22. Appropriate Technology For Sustainable Food Alternative Energy Inefficient biomass use in traditional devices has serious environmental effects, alternative energy sources can provide local employment opportunities http://www.ifpri.org/2020/focus/focus07/focus07_08.htm

IFPRI Home 2020 Vision 2020 Vision Resources Catalog 2020 Focus ... 2020 Focus 7: Appropriate Technology for Sustainable Food 2020 Focus 7 (Appropriate Technology for Sustainable Food), Brief 8 of 9, August 2001 ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES R. K. Pachauri and Pooja Mehrotra Food security for a growing population cannot be attained without the elimination of rural poverty. Solving the energy problem of the rural areas can be a major component of poverty alleviation and requires understanding the nature of energy use, the available technology choices, and fuel mix for these areas. Rural areas of most developing countries rely predominantly on biofuels, mainly fuelwood, for their fuel needs. Biomass fuels—fuelwood, crop residues, and animal dung—provide 85–90 percent of domestic energy in rural areas and 75 percent of all rural energy. In the rural economy of India, for example, the domestic household sector is the most prominent energy consumer, followed by the agricultural sector. Inefficient biomass use in traditional devices has serious environmental effects, locally and globally. The burning of biomass fuels leads to high levels of indoor air pollution that especially affect women and children. Deforestation and a rapidly declining resource base make provision of alternative energy to rural areas for ecological sustainability a crucial prerequisite for food security. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY OPTIONS Many rural communities consume little electricity, and extending electricity grids to meet their energy needs may prove more costly and take longer than harnessing new and renewable sources of energy already available in these communities—wind, solar, and biomass—through renewable energy technologies (RETs). The attractiveness of these sources lies primarily in their abundance and ready access. The RETs for exploiting these sources include biogas plants, solar lanterns, solar home lighting systems, improved cookstoves, improved kerosene lanterns, solar water pumping systems, solar water heating systems, and water mills.

23. Sustainable Marketplace - Alternative Energy - Biomass - PVPC Sustainable Develo Sustainable Marketplace alternative energy - biomass. A listing of best practices for businesses, not for profit organizations, municipal governments, http://www.pvsustain.com/sustainable_market/energy_biomass.html

Sustainable Marketplace Alternative Energy Biomass Power and Biofuel Biomass Combustion Systems "Biomass Combustion Systems designs, constructs and installs wood fired feeding, combustion and control systems. Our Horizontal Zoned Grate combustion technology can be installed under existing boilers to make them more efficient,safe and productive or form the center of a turnkey package for a new system including cogeneration." Product types: biomass energy boilers, biomass energy furnaces, biomass energy systems. Service types: design 16 Merriam Road , Princeton, Massachusetts USA 01541 Telephone: (508) 393-4932 FAX: (978) 464-5980 Catamount Pellet Fuel Corporation * Business type: manufacturer * Product types: biomass energy products, pellet fuel products. * Address: 60 Printworks Drive, Adams, Massachusetts USA 01220

24. Ecotricity - Green, Alternative, Efficiency, Energy, Green Energy, Renewable Ene sources, alternative energy, solar, solarpower, solar power, solar energy, biomass is derived from many types of waste organic matter, both animal and http://www.ecotricity.co.uk/about/source_biomass.html

Home About Ecotricity Our Wind Parks Merchant Wind Power ... News dqmcodebase = "/menu/" //script folder location About Ecotricity: About Ecotricity Climate Change What is Renewable? Energy Efficiency ... Customers Biomass ), Nitrogen Oxide (NO X ) and Carbon Dioxide (CO ), but in far less quantities than those emitted by coal plants. Energy crops , such as willow and poplar, are used to generate power through a process called co-firing. This is often used to supplement an existing energy source such as coal. Conventional boiling is another process used to extract energy from biomass through the production of steam. Energy crops are now being grown especially for this purpose, but previously they were considered useless and left to rot on fallow land. Gases can be extracted from solid waste and animal matter by composting them in an airless chamber. The biomass is broken down using natural bacteria, to produce methane gas, which is then fed through a turbine or coal power plant. Liquid fuels to power engines such as diesel generators and cars are also obtained from solid biomass by combining alcohol with natural oils. Alcohol in the form of ethanol, is produced by fermenting biomass such as corn and then combined with oils extracted from animal fats and rape seed to make bio-diesel.

25. Energy Research - Gunston Middle School energy Sources alternative biomass Geothermal Nuclear Solar Wind Water biomass energy from the United States Department of energy http://www.arlington.k12.va.us/schools/gunston/library/students/links/energy/

Energy Sources Alternative Biomass Geothermal Nuclear ... Wind Alternative Energy http://www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/index.htm Energy Resources - Created by Andy Darvill, Science teacher at Broadoak Community School, Weston-super-Mare, England http://www.eere.energy.gov/kids/alt_fuels.html Alternative Fuels - Exhaust from cars and trucks causes a lot of the smog and global warming you see or hear about. We're looking for ways to make fuel cleaner. From Dr. E's Energy Lab - from the U.S. Department of Energy Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy page. http://www.netpilot.ca/aes/index.html Biomass Energy http://www.nrel.gov/clean_energy/bioenergy.html Biomass Energy - explains what biomass energy is and the various forms it comes in. From the National Renewable Energy Laboratory http://www.eia.doe.gov/kids/energyfacts/sources/renewable/biomass.html Biomass Energy - from the United States Department of Energy http://www.consumerenergycenter.org/renewable/basics/biomass/index.html California: Biomass - basic information from the California Energy Commission. Geothermal Energy Student Presentation by Ace Koumtakoun and Eunetra Orr http://www.nrel.gov/clean_energy/geothermal.html

26. CERTs - Alternative Energy Resources The Clean energy Resource Teams were started to help communities across Minnesota take energy from local renewable resources like wind, solar, biomass, http://www.cleanenergyresourceteams.org/

home events contacts receive updates ... view map of regions Announcements Regional CERT Plans Complete Funding available under 2002 Farm Bill-section 9006 Publications "Highlighting The Past, Energizing The Future", 501kb pdf Fact Sheet on CERTs, 223kb pdf CERTs Manual, 5.9mb pdf Newsletter 3/05, 268kb pdf The Clean Energy Resource Team project is your opportunity to play a role in crafting an energy plan for your region of Minnesota. A growing number of Minnesotans envision an energy future built on using energy wisely and generating energy from local renewable resources like wind, solar, biomass, and even hydrogen from renewable sources. By relying more on community-scale renewable energy resources and energy conservation, communities can help prevent pollution and create local economic development opportunities. What Are CERTs Teams Doing? Highlighting the Past, Energizing the Future The Clean Energy Resource Teams strategic plans are complete! Thanks to the hard work of six teams around the state, each has tailored a plan for a clean energy future that will make the most of their Team members come from diverse backgrounds as farmers, utility representatives, state and federal government staff, academics, small business owners, members of non-profit and environmental groups as well as individuals interested in energy issues. Together they have evaluated the resources in their communities and thought critically about how the Clean Energy Resource Team project can bring more clean energy to Minnesota.

27. Energy - Alternative Resources Pathfinder alternative and Renewable energy Sources, Sections for hydroelectric, US Department of energy s biomass Power Program, A comprehensive look at biomass. http://www.lkwdpl.org/schools/harding/energy/

Harding Middle School - 7th Grade - Mrs. Hoy / Ms. Thompson Web Pathfinder: Energy - Alternative Resources The Energy Story energy.com Energy information and industry news for consumers. Alternative and Renewable Energy Sources Sections for hydroelectric, wind, solar, oceanic, geothermal, biomass power. Renewable Energy Education Module Solar, wind, small hydro, geothermal, biomass modules. A future for biomass A feature article on using this natural resource as an energy source - from Mechanical Engineering magazine. U.S. Department of Energy's Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Network Lots of information here! Learning About Renewable Energy is a good introduction to the topic. Find it and good pages on solar energy in Kids' Stuff . Find out about the Million Solar Roofs program. U.S. Department of Energy's Biomass Power Program A comprehensive look at biomass. You might want to start with the Biomass facts (FAQs). Then, look at Biopower and the Environment U.S. Department of Energy's Wind Energy Program Find out How Wind Turbines Work and information about Wind Energy Wind in a Minute Wind facts from the National Wind Technology Center . The NWTC site has research on wind energy, including maps that show wind potential in various areas. You can also "tour" the site and learn more about turbines.

28. Biomass In addition, biomass energy is gaining significance as a source of clean to explore the advantages of biomass energy as an alternative energy source as http://edugreen.teri.res.in/explore/renew/biomass.htm

Explor e Play and learn Network Surf Go back B iomass B iomass is a renewable energy resource derived from the carbonaceous waste of various human and natural activities. It is derived from numerous sources, including the by-products from the timber industry, agricultural crops, raw material from the forest, major parts of household waste and wood. Biomass does not add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere as it absorbs the same amount of carbon in growing as it releases when consumed as a fuel. Its advantage is that it can be used to generate electricity with the same equipment or power plants that are now burning fossil fuels. Biomass is an important source of energy and the most important fuel worldwide after coal, oil and natural gas. Traditional use of biomass is more than its use in modern application. In the developed world biomass is again becoming important for applications such as combined heat and power generation. In addition, biomass energy is gaining significance as a source of clean heat for domestic heating and community heating applications. In fact in countries like Finland, USA and Sweden the per capita biomass energy used is higher than it is in India, China or in Asia. Half a kilo of dry plant tissue can produce as much as 1890 KCal of heat which is equivalent to the heat available from a quarter of kilogram of coal.

29. New Brunswick Energy Policy White Paper 2001 alternative energy, particularly in the form of renewable biomass, already plays a significant role in New Brunswick’s energy mix. biomass accounts for 15% http://www.gnb.ca/0085/alt.htm

Alternative Energy Background Unlike fossil fuel combustion and nuclear fission, renewable energy sources are virtually inexhaustible and replenished through natural processes. Alternative energy, particularly in the form of renewable biomass, already plays a significant role in New Brunswick’s energy mix. Biomass accounts for 15% of the total primary energy demand in the province. This includes 481,000 cords (589,000 tonnes) of round wood used for heating in the residential sector, 18,000 tonnes of wood residue consumed by hospitals and 2.5 million tonnes of wood residue and spent pulping liquor used for process heat in the pulp and paper industry. Typical alternative energy sources and technologies in use worldwide today include: Biomass energy: includes wood, and wood waste/residue and agricultural waste, alcohol based-fuels, municipal solid waste; methane gas from solid waste landfills and sewage treatment, and cultivated energy crops; Geothermal energy: uses the heat in the earth’s crust (steam or hot water) or thermal gradients below the ground surface (ground source heat pumps);

30. Renewable Energy Resources Best education Websites on renewable and alternative energy resources, green power, Planet Power energy and the Environment. biomass energy A research http://www.aresearchguide.com/energy.html

var zflag_nid="423"; var zflag_cid="192/179"; var zflag_sid="199"; var zflag_width="728"; var zflag_height="90"; var zflag_sz="14"; Renewable Energy Resources CONTENTS Renewable Energy Resources - General Resources Bioenergy Fuel Cells and Alternative Fuel Vehicles Geothermal Energy ... Wind Energy Division of categories are for convenience only. In many cases, topics will be overlapped. Renewable Energy Resources - General Resources About.com: Renewable Energy . Links to renewable energy resources. Best Practices . Selected documents on best energy efficient practices across North America, from Canadian Energy Efficiency Centre. Canadian Centre for Pollution Prevention: Energy . Links to major Energy sites, e.g. Canadian Renewable Fuels Association Green Globes Office of Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy - Greenpeace Canada ... IPPSO - Independent Power Producers' Society of Ontario , and others. See also Government of Canada - What is Sustainable Development? CanREN - The Canadian Renewable Energy Network (CanREN) from Natural Resources Canada. Browse by Technologies: Bioenergy Earth Energy Hydroelectric Energy Solar Energy , and Wind Energy Global Warming International Issues , and other topics from Natural Resources Defense Council (NRDC).

31. Dr Brainz Lab Of Knowledge...Alternative Energy alternative energy energy that can be produced that appears to be better, SUSTAINABLE energy Examples of wind and biomass energy in the midwest http://www.drbrainzlab.com/labalternative_energy.html

ALTERNATIVE ENERGY: Energy that can be produced that appears to be better, more efficient, and cleaner than the current energy resources in use today. In addition this energy can be much cheaper or free. For the last century scientists have saught to harness untapped natural sources of energy. ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES UNDER RESEARCH: Biomass Research Free Energy Fusion Geothermal Energy ... Home Alternative Energy Research NIKOLA TESLA...Man Out of Time NIKOLA TESLA...The Tunguska Incident NIKOLA TESLA...The Tesla FBI Files TWP...Tesla Wardenclyffe Project ... SUSTAINABLE ENERGY...Examples of wind and biomass energy in the midwest BIOMASS RESEARCH Atmospheric Impact of Biomass Burning...Environmental Geochemistry div of the National Institute for Space Research. Bioenergy...A resource for biomass conversion technology. Bioenergy Feedstock Development Program...developing environmentally acceptable crops and cropping systems for producing high-quality biomass feedstocks. Bioenergy: Its Present and Future Competitiveness ... U.S. Department of Energy-BioPower...information about creating electricity from biomass. FREE ENERGY Edwin van Ouwerkerk...Searl Effect Generator (SEG) and discussion of what energy is.

32. Alternative Renewable Energy Has numerous articles about all facets of alternative energy. Solar energy International Phyllis, a database on the composition of biomass and waste. http://www.energyconservationinfo.org/altenergy.htm

Alternative Renewable Energy Biodiesel Biofuels (general) Commercial sites General ... Better Times General Steve's Renewable Energy Musings , a discussion and educational resource for do-it-yourself home built off-grid energy production. Wood gas, bio diesel, hydro, steam, hydrogen, methane, wind, alcohol, photo-voltaics. Tutorial on off-grid and renewable energy , a quick overview of the basics. Alternative Energy Links , from Frugal Living at About.com , lots of links to all aspects of alternative energy. Alternative Energy , the about.com guide to going grid-free. Links, articles, product evaluations, access. Green Energy News , covering clean, renewable, and efficient energy for transportation, home, and business. Green LA , Los Angeles residents can voluntarily agree to pay 6% extra on their electric bill, with the funds used to subsidize the purchase of electricity generated by renewable sources (solar, wind, geothermal, etc.) This electricity tends to cost a bit more than power generated by fossil fuel plants, but the price of the fossil fuel plant doesn't include the cost of the pollution. As of November 1999, 20,000 households had signed up for the program. This program is designed to allow consumers to encourage alternative non-polluting energy markets to create new productive enterprises to provide such renewable energy. Renewables for Sustainable Village Power Program access to information about local and village electrical power programs not dependent upon importing electricity from a grid.

33. BankInvest : Alternative Energy The alternative energy advisory board works as the responsible advising unit He is specialized in wind energy, solar energy, biomass and fuel cells and http://www.bankinvest.com/showpage.asp?pageID=173

34. Untitled Document It s the most economically viable source of alternative energy. According to the US Department of energy, biomass sources provide about 3 percent of all http://www.harvestcleanenergy.org/enews/enews_HCEIII/enews_HCEIII_MontanaProspec

Harvesting Clean Energy Conference III Special Edition Montana moves to develop clean energy treasure When people first began calling Montana the "Treasure State" in 1895, they were paying tribute to our mineral wealth-the gold, silver, and copper that helped to build our cities. But the nickname is just as apt when applied to our energy resources. Because as the nation's energy needs have evolved over the past two centuries, Montana has consistently been able to meet them with her abundance of natural riches. We've had timber to stoke our steamboats, coal to run our railroads, hydropower to light our homes, and oil and gas to warm them. Now, as the nation seeks new alternatives to conventional energy sources, Montana is once again poised to play a valuable role. Wind is the most promising of the existing energy alternatives. It's the world's fastest-growing source of energy. It's the most economically viable source of alternative energy. It's increasingly cost-competitive and, unlike coal or nuclear power, it can be sold as a value-added product. Most importantly, it's renewable and environmentally friendly. And, as any resident can tell you, wind is plentiful in parts of Montana. In fact, during the infamous Hard Winter of 1886 and '87, the wind was so strong, according to one wag, that the cattle had to tie their tails to their hind legs to keep them from blowing away. More recently-and using a more scientific approach-the American Wind Energy Association determined that Montana ranks fifth among the 50 states for its wind energy potential.

35. Untitled Document Wind biomass Renewable Electricity Production Credit This account provides loans for residences to build alternative energy systems and small http://www.harvestcleanenergy.org/pages/bioGas/bioGasPolicies.html

36. EnergyBulletin.net | Energy And Peak Oil News Discovering an affordable and cleaner burning alternative energy source has long out of biomass than can be generated typically by fermentation alone. http://www.energybulletin.net/news.php?cat=58

37. BBC News | BUSINESS | Shell Explores Alternative Energy Solar power. Wind power. Geothermal energy. biomass. The fastestgrowing alternative energy sectors are wind and solar power. http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/business/1390521.stm

low graphics version feedback help You are in: Business Front Page World UK ... AudioVideo Friday, 15 June, 2001, 16:07 GMT 17:07 UK Shell explores alternative energy Shell is looking into ways of developing wind power By Andrew Craig Environmentalists have welcomed plans by the Shell oil company to invest vast sums in wind and solar energy over the next five years. It will put up to US$1bn into research and development - although that will still be far less than it spends on its oil and gas business. Shell is not going to stop being an oil giant in the foreseeable future, but its plans to invest in renewable energy show how many big oil producers see their future as all-purpose energy companies. Shell's alternatives Solar power Wind power Geothermal energy Biomass The fastest-growing alternative energy sectors are wind and solar power. Shell sees the future of wind energy as lying in big, offshore wind farms - both because the wind is stronger at sea, and because there are no people there to protest at the intrusion into their environment. It sees north-west Europe as an ideal region for this technology.

38. Clallam PUD : Alternative Energy : BioMass Home Conservation alternative energy biomass. biomass. biomass energy biomass plants burn organic material, such as waste, wood and agricultural and http://www.clallampud.net/conservation/alt-biomass.html

Conservation Alternative Energy Net Metering Solar ... Alternative Energy BioMass BioMass Biomass plants burn organic material, such as waste, wood and agricultural and animal waste to produce energy. Biomass is not fundamentally different than any other type of combustion-based electric generation. In a normal biomass generator, fuel ranging from trees to grass to corn husks is fed into an incinerator and used to drive a steam turbine. Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Network (EREN), U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), Bioenergy web pages Electric Water Broadband About ... Home Clallam Bay/Sekiu 15 Sekiu Airport Rd. Sekiu, WA 98381 Forks 31 Spartan Ave. Forks, WA 98331 Port Angeles 2431 E. Highway 101 P.O. Box 1090 Port Angeles, WA 98362 Sequim 410 E. Washington Sequim, WA 98382

39. Environmental Issues Education alternative energy Sources. biomass. biomass energy comes from agricultural or forestry waste, animal waste, trash, or similar organic materials. http://www.fsec.ucf.edu/ed/eie/energy-biomass.htm

Home Education Schools Environmental Issues Education ... Energy Alternative Energy Sources Biomass People have used biomass longer than any other energy source. In the mid-1800s, wood gave Americans 90 percent of the energy they used, compared to 3 percent for all forms of biomass today. At the present time, only a very small amount of the electricity we use in this country is produced by biomass. Biomass is renewable since we can grow more in a short amount of time. Biomass can pollute the air when it is burned; however, burning biomass does not produce certain pollutants like sulfur that can cause acid rain. It has been theorized that growing plants for biomass may actually reduce greenhouse gases since plants use carbon dioxide and produce oxygen as they grow. Biomass is not generally cost competitive, but could become so with advances in technology and increases in the cost of oil. Biofuels produced from biomass could potentially replace one-third of our country's consumption of fossil fuels; however, some authorities wonder if we should encourage the production of energy producing crops over the production of food crops. Alternative Energy Sources

40. Alternative Energy Sources - Myths And Realities Wood/other biomass. Coal. Hydropower. Shale oil. Solar energy We here briefly examine these alternative energy sources as to their advantages and http://egj.lib.uidaho.edu/egj09/youngqu1.html

December 1998 Special Issue 9 Alternative Energy Sources - Myths and Realities Walter Youngquist Eugene, Oregon Oil fuels the modern world. It brought great changes to economies and lifestyles in less than 200 years. Nothing else to date can equal the enormous impact which the use of oil has had on so many people, so rapidly, and in so many ways around the world. But oil is a finite resource. The common question "How long will oil be produced?" is the wrong question. The critical question is "When is the date of the maximum daily amount of world oil productionthe peak?" After that oil will be an irreversibly declining resource facing an increasing demand which cannot be met. The world passed its peak of rate of oil discoveries in the 1960s, but there is a lag time from discovery to full production. Although estimates differ slightly, it seems clear that the peak of world oil production will be reached at least by 2020, and possibly within the next decade (Campbell 1997; Campbell & Laherrere 1998; Ivanhoe 1995). One statistic points up the need to think about alternative energy sources; the world now uses about 26 billion barrels of oil a year, and in new field discoveries we are finding less than 5.5 billion barrels annually. The world is going out of the oil business. With the many good things which oil now does for us, what will happen when we no longer have it? What are the possible alternatives to oil? Can any one of them or all combined really fill the gap left by the depletion of oil?

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