61. Article About "Native American" In The English Wikipedia On 24-Apr-2004 american policy toward native americans has been an evolving process. culture and Arts. native american music is almost entirely monophonic, http://fixedreference.org/en/20040424/wikipedia/Native_American

The Native American reference article from the English Wikipedia on 24-Apr-2004 (provided by Fixed Reference : snapshots of Wikipedia from wikipedia.org) Native American Native Americans (also American Indians Amerindians Amerinds , or Red Indians ) are indigenous peoples and descendants of those who lived in the Americas prior to the European colonization . Many of these tribally affiliated ethnic groups endure today as political communities. The name "Indians" was bestowed by Christopher Columbus , who mistakenly believed that the places he found them were among the islands in Southeast Asia known to Europeans as the Indies. (See further discussion below). Canadians generally use the term First Nations to refer to Native Americans; the Canadian Indian Act , however, which defines the rights of recognized First Nations, refers to them as Indians. In Alaska , because of legal use in the Alaska Native Claims Settlement Act ( ANSCA ) and because of the presence of the Inuit Yupik , and Aleut peoples, the term Alaskan Native predominates. In Canada, however, Inuit are not considered First Nations (neither are

62. NativeWeb Resources: Museums & Online Exhibits Over 20000 items of native american culture, from Northeast to Northwest andNations in between. Located on the historic campus of Bacone College in http://www.nativeweb.org/resources/museums_online_exhibits/

Home Login Contact Us Resources for Indigenous Cultures around the World Resources Community Services About Us Resource Center Internet Links Nations Index Geographic Region Index Search the Site ... Top 5 Percent Hosted Resources Hosted Pages NativeLaw News NativeTech Site Information Get your FREE EMAIL @NativeWeb.Net! Community About Us DONATE NOW! ... Resource Database Resources: 144 listings Name and Description Nation Location Hits Shung Ye Museum Formosan Aborigines Asia Austronesian people began to arrive in Taiwan around 6,000 years ago, giving rise to the indigenous culture that still exists in the Central Mountain Range and along the eastern coastal areas of the island. Among the 19 tribes remaining nowadays, nine have managed to preserve their distinct customs and languages relatively well. These nine tribes are the Saisiat, Atayal, Tsou, Bunun, Ami, Rukai, Puyuma, Paiwan, and Yami. The brand-new Shung Ye Museum of Formosan Aborigines houses a refined collection of 1,000 artifacts, mainly from these nine tribes. First of its kind in Taiwan, the museum is also dedicated to preserving indigenous culture and enhancing understanding among the different ethnic groups. Abbe Museum US - Northeast Celebrating Maine's Native American Heritage. Discover 10,000 years of Indian culture, history and art through changing exhibits, hands-on programs and workshops taught by Native artists, at this award-winning trailside museum.

63. Native Studies: A Bibliography For Grade 11 - Native Studies 10 Information - Un The Faces of culture (10) The First american Series The First Canadians To Touch the Wind An Introduction to native american Philosophy and Beliefs (10 http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/curr_inst/iru/bibs/ns20bib/unit.html

Unit Index Introduction Optional Introduction Unit Unit 1: Self-Determination and Self-Government Unit 2: Development Unit 3: Social Justice General Reference Teacher Reference Introduction Indigenous Nations of the Americas Optional Introduction Unit Beaver, Beads and Pemmican: Canada's Fur Traders (10) Gabriel Dumont: Metis Legend (10) George Simpson and the Hudson's Bay Company (10) The Great Buffalo Saga Letitia Hargrave and Life in the Fur Trade (10) The Life of Louis Riel (10) Louis Riel (10) Louis Riel and the New Nation (10) Many Tender Ties The Metis - Two Worlds Meet (10) A Mission in the Woods (10) Moon of Wintertime: Missionaries and the Aboriginals of Canada Encounter Since 1534(10) Mud Roads and Strong Backs: The History of the Metis Settlement of Gift Lake (10) North-West Resistance of 1885(10) The Other Side of the Ledger (10) People of the Buffalo (10) Red River Insurgence: 1869-70(10) Saskatchewan Aboriginals and the Resistance of 1885: Two Case Studies (10) The Skinnish at Seven Oaks (10) Tahtonka: Plains Aboriginal Buffalo Culture (10) This Land is Our Land This Riel Business Unit 1: Self-Determination and Self -Government Aboriginal Peoples and Constitutional Reform: What Have We Learned? The Final Report

64. Elementary Social Studies Bibliography: Media Index Sooshewan Child of the beothuk Spirit of the White Bison A Story About Courage native american Series Aboriginals of the Northwest http://www.sasked.gov.sk.ca/curr_inst/iru/bibs/ess/media.html

Media Index 16 mm Films Audiocassettes Atlases CD-ROM Charts Games Kits Maps Periodical Pictures Posters Print-Fiction Print-Non-Fiction Slides Software Videos 16 mm Films Fiddlers of James Bay Fields of Endless Day First Winter The Good News Is Water Northern Games School in the Bush Teach Me to Dance A Visit From Captain Cook Audiocassettes Keepers of the Animals: Native Stories... Keepers of the Night: Native Stories... Atlases The Canadian Atlas of Aboriginal Settlement The Living Atlas: All About Maps The Macmillan School Atlas. 3rd ed. Nelson Canadian Atlas Nelson Intermediate Atlas The Nystrom Canadian Desk Atlas Picture It: Maps, Graphs, Charts, Time Lines,... CD-ROM Canada's Capital: The Story of Ottawa Charts Ways of Seeing Games Emotions: A Life Skills Program for Kids The World Shufflebook Kits Canada at the Polls: Election Simulation Kit Canada. Rev. ed. Canadian Families A Capital for All Canadians Discover Together: A Disability Awareness... Econ and Me Enrico's Project Folk Rhymes: Kids to Kids The Golden Dragon Mathematics From Many Cultures 1 Mathematics From Many Cultures 2 Mathematics From Many Cultures 3 Our Wonderful World Our World: Part I - Families and Schools Our World: Part II - Neighbourhoods...

65. Education Topic - Native Americans: Booklist Between earth sky legends of native american sacred places. Joseph Bruchac . The beothuk of Newfoundland a vanished people. Ingeborg Marshall. http://www.library.wwu.edu/ref/subjguides/ed/edtopics/fall02nativelist.htm

Search Site Library Home Articles Help ... Literature for Children and Young Adults Education Featured Topic Diversity Series: Celebrating Native Americans! Fall 2002 Bibliography of Selected Materials from Western Libraries Collections The following books from the Children's and Curriculum Collections were featured in the Fall 2002 Education Featured Topic Display, Diversity Series: Celebrating Native Americans, in Western Libraries. The books have been reshelved in their regular locations on Wilson 4 East. The books are available to check-out for use outside the library. Consult the Western Libraries Online Catalog for location and availability. Biographical Sources Curriculum Materials Biographical Sources Apache boy. Don Christie. CHIL 970.3 A639c Artists and craftspeople. Arlene Hirschfelder. CHIL 709.2 H669ar 1994 Charles Eastman : physician, reformer, and Native American leader. Peter Anderson. CHIL 973.04 .E13an 1992 Cherokee chief; the life of John Ross. Electa Clark. CHIL 970.3 C522c Chief Joseph, guardian of his people.

66. Native Tribes Listing Links, Heritage Databank native Tribes Index. Bedzaqetcha, Behansa, Bella Bella, Bella Coola, beothuk,Besant culture Big Bead, Big Bellies, Big Bellies of Fort De Prairie, http://users.rttinc.com/~asiniwachi/wnt.html

67. Encyclopedia Of North American Indians - - Indian-White Relations In North Ameri The earliest contacts between native Americans and Europeans began after the latetenth century as briefly, one among beothuk Indians in Newfoundland. http://college.hmco.com/history/readerscomp/naind/html/na_017000_iwrel1776.htm

Entries Publication Data Advisory Board Maps ... World Civilizations Encyclopedia of North American Indians Indian-White Relations in North America before 1776 The colonization of North America by Europeans decisively altered the histories of the continent's native peoples. But the scope and impact of these changes varied enormously from one place to another and from one period to another. When Europeans began arriving in North America they encountered a land characterized by both continuity and change. For more than ten thousand years, kin-based communities had developed myriad ways of living off the land, of exchanging goods and otherwise interacting with one another, and of expressing themselves spiritually and aesthetically. This diversity was reflected in their societies, which ranged from small, mobile bands of a few dozen hunter-gatherers in the Great Basin to Mississippian temple-mound centers in the Southeast with thousands of inhabitants. Indians in some areas were experiencing particularly pronounced changes during the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Inhabitants of Chaco Canyon, Mesa Verde, and other Anasazi centers in the Southwest had dispersed in the face of drought and political upheaval after the thirteenth century. Their descendants settled in pueblos on the Rio Grande and elsewhere and, by the sixteenth century, had begun trading with newly arrived Athabaskan-speaking Apaches and Navajos. In the Mississippi Valley, Cahokia and several other urban trade centers had collapsed in the thirteenth and fourteenth centuries, sending refugees in all directions and significantly reorienting exchange networks and alliances. Elsewhere in the eastern woodlands, a pattern of gradually increasing, intensifying conflict between communities was linked to the pressure of growing populations on resources and to competition for control of exchange networks.

68. North American Archaeology: Study Guide 1 NORTH american ARCHAEOLOGY TERM LIST/STUDY GUIDE NORTH american ARCHAEOLOGYAND native culture AREAS A HISTORICAL BACKDROP TO THE DISCIPLINE http://www.indiana.edu/~arch/saa/matrix/naa/naa_web/study_guide1.html

Home Courses NORTH AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY Overviews: Modules: Other: Syllabus STUDY GUIDE 1 NORTH AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY: TERM LIST/STUDY GUIDE REVIEW FOR FIRST TAKE-HOME TEST Just like the beginning statement in the syllabus, don't let the length of this list intimidate you. There really is a lot of redundancy built into this. Think of short definitions and creative ways you would cluster some of these. Some terms and concepts "comfortably" fit together, while others don't. Use the following as a review sheet to test yourself. If you can provide a definition and example of each of the following terms and concepts, you are in good shape. Use this to try to test yourself (before I test you!). During review we will definitely disqualify some of these (i.e. they won't be on your test.). I encourage you to work with one another on these terms and the "class telephone book" should help. NORTH AMERICAN ARCHAEOLOGY AND NATIVE CULTURE AREAS: A HISTORICAL BACKDROP TO THE DISCIPLINE: Culture area: concept and history Otis Mason: Clark Wissler: "Food Areas" Franz Boas Boazian anthropological tradition and it's influence on American archaeology? - discuss and distinguish cultural anthropological from archaeological implications

69. Aboriginal Native Canadian Indian Teaching Resources The Common Curriculum Framework for Aboriginal Language and culture Programs GoodMinds.com Lists educational resources for native american Studies, http://www.uleth.ca/edu/currlab/handouts/aboriginal.html

Back To: Handouts Curriculum Laboratory Aboriginal Teaching Resources For further assistance in using any of the resources in the Lab, please ask at the Curriculum Lab Information Services Desk Define your topic, and check basic sources. Aboriginal topics can be found throughout the collection: in art, literature, history, geography, economics, political science, social sciences, behavioral sciences and humanities. Therefore, when searching for Aboriginal teaching resources, there is no single area of the Curriculum Laboratory, or in the University Library, which holds all the pertinent resources. Before going to find the actual materials, spend a little bit of time brainstorming for words or phrases which could describe the topic. You may also want to think of broader and narrower terms for that topic. If you are unfamiliar with your topic, you may want to use a big dictionary like Webster's Third International Dictionary (CURLB Info Desk 423 Web), or a general encyclopedia like The World Book Encyclopedia (Try "Indian, American") (031 Wor), to generate a list of terms. If the topic is Canadian in scope, it may be useful to consult a Canadian dictionary like The Canadian Oxford Dictionary (423 Can), or The Canadian Encyclopedia, either in the adult edition (971.003 Can) (Try "Native People"), or the junior edition (Try "Native People") (971.003 Jun).

70. North American Archeology Celebrating Africanamerican Archeology and History and culture, Sources and Links native american Archeological Resources on the Internet http://www.cyberpursuits.com/archeo/us-arch.asp

CyberPursuits Main Page Guides and More Regions Africa Australia and Oceania British Isles Egyptology Continental Europe Far East Central Asia Near and Middle East North America North Atlantic Topics Food and Diet Tools and Materials Underwater/Maritime Archaeoastronomy Geoarchaeology Megaliths Art in Archaeology Legal Issues Programs Academic Organizations Resources Publications and News Books Film and Photography Art and Posters Software and Games Search ArchNet Buy Archaeology Art and Prints Books Videos DVD Magazines Search by keywords: Visitors since October 2002 Free counters provided by Andale The links on this web site are provided for reference purposes. CyberPursuits has no control over the content of off-site links and cannot be held responsible for any harm real or perceived incurred as a result of launching to another site through a URL located on this Web site. North American Archaeology All links leave the site and open a new window National Park Service: Archeology PublicArchaeology.Com - North American Archaeology ArchNET Resources for North American Archaeology Center for America Archaeology ... Aboriginal America by Jacob Abbot Native American Archeological Resources on the Internet 1492 Exhibit: Early Images of the New World from the Library of Congress UNC Expo Paleoamerican Research Paleoindian and Other Archaeolgical Stuff ... North Amerian Chronology South and Southeast South Florida Archaeology and Ethnography Indian Pond Archaeological Project - Florida

71. The American Heritage® Book Of English Usage. 1996. Page 206 Experts disagree as to why native Americans came to be known as red men. European explorers in describing the mysterious beothuk people of Newfoundland, http://www.bartleby.com/64/pages/page206.html

Select Search All Bartleby.com All Reference Columbia Encyclopedia World History Encyclopedia Cultural Literacy World Factbook Columbia Gazetteer American Heritage Coll. Dictionary Roget's Thesauri Roget's II: Thesaurus Roget's Int'l Thesaurus Quotations Bartlett's Quotations Columbia Quotations Simpson's Quotations Respectfully Quoted English Usage Modern Usage American English Fowler's King's English Strunk's Style Mencken's Language Cambridge History The King James Bible Oxford Shakespeare Gray's Anatomy Farmer's Cookbook Post's Etiquette Bulfinch's Mythology Frazer's Golden Bough All Verse Anthologies Dickinson, E. Eliot, T.S. Frost, R. Hopkins, G.M. Keats, J. Lawrence, D.H. Masters, E.L. Sandburg, C. Sassoon, S. Whitman, W. Wordsworth, W. Yeats, W.B. All Nonfiction Harvard Classics American Essays Einstein's Relativity Grant, U.S. Roosevelt, T. Wells's History Presidential Inaugurals All Fiction Shelf of Fiction Ghost Stories Short Stories Shaw, G.B. Stein, G. Stevenson, R.L. Wells, H.G. Reference Usage American Heritage Book of English Usage ... SUBJECT INDEX A Practical and Authoritative Guide to Contemporary English. Page 206 criteria, especially the analysis of blood types and of metabolic processes.

72. ReferenceResources:NativeAmericans HistoryBuff Search for resources and information about native Americans Taino Indian culture Facts, information, photographs http://www.kidinfo.com/American_History/Native_Americans.html

Reference Resources: Native Americans History Search Engine HistoryBuff : Search for resources and information about Native Americans Native Americans FIRST AMERICANS: NATIVE AMERICAN ANCESTORS Old World - New World Archaic Period - Spreading Out and Settling In Paleo Indian Period and Tradition Formative Period ... Who Were the First Americans and How Did They Get Here? ANASAZI Anasazi Anasazi, Desert People Anasazi Archaeology Explore the Anasazi Culture ... Who Were the Anasazi POWHATAN Powhatan Nation Powhatan Indians of Virginia Powhatan Indian Village Tell Me About the Powhatan Indians ... Virtual Jamestown: Powhatan THE WAMPANOAG Plymouth Plantation: A reconstructed Wampanoag Village The Wampanoag People Life as a Wampanoag Wampanoag ... What You Need to Know: Wampanoag Indians First Nations of Canada Canada's First Native Groups : Brief information about: Abenakis, Algonkins, Chippewas, Crees, Haida, Hurons, Inuit, Iroquois, Kwakwaka'wakw (Kwakiutl), Maliseet, Micmac, Montagnais, Naskapi, Nuu-Chah-Nulth (Nootka), Penobscots, Salish, Sioux, Tlingit, Tsimshian

73. Native Americans Algonquian Indians (Algonkian Tribe, Algonquians native North America is no different. Algonquian tribes range from the Yurok in There are a few extinct Algonquian tribes, including the beothuk and http://www.geocities.com/bigorrin/algonquian_kids.htm

North American Indian languages North American Indian tribes What's new on our site today! Facts for Kids: Algonquian Indian Tribes Hardly a week goes by that we don't have email from at least one kid looking for information on the "Algonquian tribe." Adults, too, write to us trying to do genealogical research on their "Algonkian" ancestors or learn the "Algonquian" heritage of their state. There's just one problem with this : THERE IS NO ALGONQUIAN TRIBE! "Algonquian" is a linguistic term referring to a related family of languages spoken by dozens of distinct Native American tribes. The word "Algonquian" was invented by linguists and doesn't have any meaning besides referring to the language familyit is similar to other linguistic terms like "Indo-European." If you are interested in linguistics, we have a page with in-depth information about the Algonkian languages and their relationships to each other. If you have a school report to write on the culture of the "Algonquians," though, you may have difficulty. Imagine you had a homework assignment on Indo-European clothing. When you looked in the encyclopedia, you'd see that "Indo-Europeans" actually include the Dutch, the Spanish, the Russians, and the Indians in India. What would you write about? The Spanish don't wear saris or wooden clogs, and the Indians don't wear fur hats or lace mantillas. In Siberia it gets to be -40 degrees Fahrenheit, and in Bombay it cann be hotter than 100 degrees and humid. You would have a hard time completing this assignment.

74. Compact Histories Dogs were the only animal domesticated by native Americans before the horse, native Americans, no other tribe used it as extensively as the beothuk. http://www.tolatsga.org/Compacts.html

First Nations Histories (Revised 10.4.02) Abenaki Acolapissa Algonkin Bayougoula ... Winnebago First Nations Search Tool Geographic Overview of First Nations Histories Compact Histories Bibliography Location List of the Native Tribes of the US and Canada There is a small graphic logo available on this page for anyone wishing to use it for the purposes of linking back to the First Nations Compact Histories. Please Note: These Compact Histories are presented here to provide information to those interested in learning more about the First Nations. Lee Sultzman has authored all of the Histories. They are NOT here to provide spoon fed information for "school reports." Accordingly we are not interested in any questions asking for help in completing your school assignment. As to those who question our credibility, you may take us or leave us. These Histories were written and assembled as a labor-of-love. Take them or leave them, period. Abenaki Native Americans have occupied northern New England for at least 10,000 years. There is no proof these ancient residents were ancestors of the Abenaki, but there is no reason to think they were not. Acolapissa The mild climate of the lower Mississippi required little clothing. Acolapissa men limited themselves pretty much to a breechcloth, women a short skirt, and children ran nude until puberty. With so little clothing with which to adorn themselves, the Acolapissa were fond of decorating their entire bodies with tattoos. In cold weather a buffalo robe or feathered cloak was added for warmth.

75. First Nations Site Index... Traditional native american Tobacco Seed Bank and Education Program Perspectives OnCultural Property Voices of the Winter Count http://www.dickshovel.com/www.html

Wasichu? What the hell is Wasichu? Presidential Commission on Race Holds No Native Americans Go to: First Nations Site Search Tool A B C ... Z A AMERICAN INDIAN MOVEMENT SITE ANNA MAE AQUASH ARCHIVE Clarifying my thoughts about Russell Means by Stephen E. W. Savage, July 17, 2000 Black Elk, AIM and the Rabbi by justanoldman Peltier CD Another Man's Poison: Profit and Loss in White Clay "For years, Indian deaths along the Nebraska border have gone unsolved..." They marched for their dead brothers... Rally leader vows to return to Whiteclay Nine protesters arrested for crossing police line "THIS IS THE NEBRASKA STATE PATROL, DISPERSE OR ENFORCEMENT MEASURES WILL BE TAKEN" Anna Mae's book available I am a white woman... You can only kick so long... Sea Shepards discussed... ... AIM Arizona endorsed performers... AIM Southern California Lakota Student Alliance Jill Cadreau and Milford High ...which translates into "If it ain't white...it ain't right." Stealing Native Rights...how to steal? Liars, Cheats and Encryption A crucial time... ... AIM Support Group Standards ACLU Addresses Janklow Tactics Bellecourt Addresses "Autonomous" AIM

76. Awesome Library - Social_Studies Nations of native Americans A - F (StateLocalGov.net) Lost/Unattested/UncertainAlgonquian Remnant Languages beothuk, Etchemin, Loup A/Loup B, http://www.awesomelibrary.org/Classroom/Social_Studies/Multicultural/Native_Amer

Search Spelling Here: Home Classroom Social Studies Multicultural > Native American Groups Native American Groups Sub-Topics Apache Cherokee Comanche Hopi ... Sioux Also Try Ancient Native Americans Native American Languages in General Native Americans Lists -Tribes and Nations - First Nations (Matin) Provides a comprehensive set of resources, organized by subject. 2-01 Papers -Contact Information for Native Tribes of the USA and Canada (First Nations) Provides an alphabetical listing of tribes, along with their contact information. Includes federally recognized tribes, state recognized tribes, and Native organizations without federal or state recognition. 9-05 -Nations - History (First Nations) Provides an excellent description of tribes and nations. It is the source for many other Native American resources in this section. 9-05 -Nations of Native Americans A - F (NativeWeb) Includes Abenaki, Aberesh, Acadians, Accohannock, Acjachemem, Acoma, Ainu, Akha, Akwesasne, Algonquin, Alutiiq, Ani-Stohini - Unami, Anishinaabe, Anishinabek, Apache, Arapaho, Arawak, Ashaninka, Assiniboine, Athabascan, Aymara, Aztec (Nahua), Barona, Basque, Berber, Blackfeet, Blackfoot, Caddo, Cajun, Carib, Cayuga, Cherokee, Cheyenne, Chickasaw, Chicora, Chinook, Chippewa, Choctaw, Chumash, Coeur d'Alene, Cofan, Colville, Comanche, Commanche, Costanoan, Cowlitz, Cree, Creek (Muskogee), Crow, Dakota, Delaware, Dogon, Edisto, Euchee, Evenki, Fernandeño/Tataviam, and Flathead. -Nations of Native Americans A - F (NativeWeb) Includes Abenaki, Aberesh, Acadians, Accohannock, Acjachemem, Acoma, Ainu, Akha, Akwesasne, Algonquin, Alutiiq, Ani-Stohini - Unami, Anishinaabe, Anishinabek, Apache, Arapaho, Arawak, Ashaninka, Assiniboine, Athabascan, Aymara, Aztec (Nahua), Barona, Basque, Berber, Blackfeet, Blackfoot, Caddo, Cajun, Carib, Cayuga, Cherokee, Cheyenne, Chickasaw, Chicora, Chinook, Chippewa, Choctaw, Chumash, Coeur d'Alene, Cofan, Colville, Comanche, Commanche, Costanoan, Cowlitz, Cree, Creek (Muskogee), Crow, Dakota, Delaware, Dogon, Edisto, Euchee, Evenki, Fernandeño/Tataviam, and Flathead.

77. American Indian Websites - Links To American Indian Nations & Native American Cu Newsletter includes american Indian Issues, Genealogy, Website News, Updates, Etc . native american Singles Dating Service. Medicine Lodge Treaty. http://www.comanchelodge.com/links.htm

Comanche Lodge Hot Links United States Records Search Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas ... *** Family Tree Books/CD-ROMs! *** Ancestor Search: Enter as much information as you know about your ancestor and click search: First Name: Last Name: Location: Any Alabama Alaska Arizona Arkansas California Colorado Connecticut Delaware Dist. of Columbia Florida Georgia Hawaii Idaho Illinois Indiana Iowa Kansas Kentucky Louisiana Maine Maryland Massachusetts Michigan Minnesota Mississippi Missouri Montana Nebraska Nevada New Hampshire New Jersey New Mexico New York North Carolina North Dakota Ohio Oklahoma Oregon Pennsylvania Rhode Island South Carolina South Dakota Tennessee Texas Utah Vermont Virginia Washington West Virginia Wisconsin Wyoming Canada England Germany All Non-U.S. Register for our FREE Newsletter! Enter your E-mail Address Enter your First Name Subscribe Un-Subscribe Received Newsletter Format: Plain Text HTML This information will not be used for any other purpose or made available to others for any reason what so ever. Newsletter includes: American Indian Issues, Genealogy

78. Native Americans - American Indians - The First People Of America; History Of Na The oldest documented Indian cultures in North America are Sandia (15000 BC), native people and their cultural heritage, with emphasis on the http://www.nativeamericans.com/

Native Americans - American Indians - The First People of America; History of Native American Tribes Tribute To A Hero Lt. John F. Kennedy receives the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps medal for heroic conduct from Capt. Frederic L. Conklin June 12, 1944. JFK used his father's connections to get assigned to active duty. Says Dallek, "He was determined to get into combat. It was part of the culture at the time, patriotism. But he was heroic in doing that." Listen to the Legend of the White Buffalo Where Will Our Children Live... A lonesome warrior stands in fear of what the future brings, he will never hear the beating drums or the songs his brothers sing. Our many nations once stood tall and ranged from shore to shore but most are gone and few remain and the buffalo roam no more.

79. Native American Languages: Information From Answers.com native american languages, languages of the native peoples of the Western american Indianist (specialist in native american cultures), Powell, http://www.answers.com/topic/native-american-languages

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Encyclopedia Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping Native American languages Encyclopedia Native American languages, languages of the native peoples of the Western Hemisphere and their descendants. A number of the Native American languages that were spoken at the time of the European arrival in the New World in the late 15th cent. have become extinct, but many of them are still in use today. The classification “Native American languages” is geographical rather than linguistic, since those languages do not belong to a single linguistic family, or stock, as the Indo-European or Afroasiatic languages do. There is no part of the world with as many distinctly different native languages as the Western Hemisphere. Because the number of indigenous American tongues is so large, it is convenient to discuss them under three geographical divisions: North America (excluding Mexico), Mexico and Central America, and South America and the West Indies. It is not possible to determine exactly how many languages were spoken in the New World before the arrival of Europeans or how many people spoke these languages. Some scholars estimate that the Western Hemisphere at the time of the first European contact was inhabited by 40 million people who spoke 1,800 different tongues. Another widely accepted estimate suggests that at the time of Columbus more than 15 million speakers throughout the Western Hemisphere used more than 2,000 languages; the geographic divisions within that estimate are 300 separate tongues native to some 1.5 million Native Americans N of Mexico, 300 different languages spoken by roughly 5 million people in Mexico and Central America, and more than 1,400 distinct tongues used by 9 million Native Americans in South America and the West Indies.

80. Aboriginal Peoples: The Beothuks: Newfoundland And Labrador Heritage Everywhere else in North America, native people were usually eager to trade furs The beothuk, however, had the unusual opportunity to acquire such goods http://www.heritage.nf.ca/aboriginal/beothuk.html

Prehistoric Peoples The Beothuks Beothuk Culture Post-Contact Beothuk History The Boyd's Cove Beothuk Site Beothuk Language ... The Inuit The Beothuks had the unusual opportunity to acquire such goods as metal cutting and piercing tools without having to exchange furs for them. Lacking the contacts with traders, missionaries and Indian agents who were characteristic of the mainland experience, the Beothuks became increasingly isolated. By the beginning of the 19th century, the Beothuks were reduced to a small refugee population living along the Exploits River system. The Beothuks The Beothuks are the aboriginal people of the island of Newfoundland. They were Algonkian-speaking hunter-gatherers who probably numbered less than a thousand people at the time of European contact. The Beothuks are the descendants of a Recent Indian culture called the Little Passage Complex. Beothuk Carved Bone Objects. Original artifacts housed in the Newfoundland Museum. Courtesy of Dr. Ralph Pastore, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, Newfoundland. The arrival of migratory European fishermen in the 16th century may have provided new opportunities for the Beothuks. These fishermen erected stages, flakes and wharves during the summer fishery, but after they left the island to return to Europe, they left behind nails, lost fish hooks, and scraps of iron and kettle. Evidence from a number of Beothuk sites indicates that the Beothuks picked up these metal objects and reworked them into arrowheads, lance points, harpoon end blades, awls and hide scrapers.

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