21. Atoms, Molecules, Water, And PH Two or more atoms can bond together to form a molecule. ions are atoms withelectrons added or removed resulting in an overall positive or negative http://biology.clc.uc.edu/courses/bio104/atom-h2o.htm

Atoms, Molecules, Water, pH We need to start with a little chemistry because living organisms are made of and use chemicals. Individual substances are called elements , substance which cannot be broken down or subdivided by ordinary chemical means. We recognize about 105 or 106 elements. About 92 are natural and the rest are man-made. These are things like oxygen, sulfur, carbon, copper, etc. Each element has a symbol made of the first letter or two of its name. Some are from the old Latin names: sodium = natrium, iron = ferrum, potassium = kalium. Of the 92 naturally-occurring, four of these make up about 96% of all living matter. These are carbon, oxygen, hydrogen, and nitrogen, and the name COHN can help you remember these. Another 21 are needed in smaller amounts in order to live and stay healthy. One piece, one particle of an element is an atom a unit of matter or the smallest possible amount of an element. Two or more atoms can bond together to form a molecule . Often the compound thus formed has properties quite different from the elements in it. For example, sodium (Na), an extremely reactive, nearly explosive metal, and chlorine (Cl), a toxic gas combine to form sodium chloride (NaCl), which is common table salt.

22. COTW10 The actual 3D arrangement of the atoms, molecules, or ions is called the The spheres representing the atoms, ions, or molecules of the unit cell touch http://www2.yk.psu.edu/~jhb3/cotw10.htm

23. COTW02 Chapter 2 atoms, molecules, and ions Thus, since the atomic number ofchlorine is 17, there are 35-17=18 neutrons in a Cl-35 atom. molecules and ions http://www2.yk.psu.edu/~jhb3/cotw02.htm

24. Entrez PubMed We point out a laser cooling method for atoms, molecules, or ions at low saturationand large detuni http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

25. Entrez PubMed We point out a laser cooling method for atoms, molecules, or ions at low saturationand large detuning from the particles resonances. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=Retrieve&db=PubMed&list_uids=1

26. Capture Of Negative Exotic Particles Capture of negative exotic particles by atoms, ions and molecules. James S CohenTheoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, http://www.iop.org/EJ/abstract/0034-4885/67/10/R02

@import url(http://ej.iop.org/style/nu/EJ.css); Quick guide Site map Athens login IOP login: Password: Create account Alerts Contact us Journals Home ... This issue James S Cohen 2004 Rep. Prog. Phys. Capture of negative exotic particles by atoms, ions and molecules James S Cohen Theoretical Division, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, USA E-mail: cohen@lanl.gov Received 20 April 2004 Published 20 August 2004 Print publication: Issue 10 (October 2004) Abstract. , K doi:10.1088/0034-4885/67/10/R02 URL: http://stacks.iop.org/0034-4885/67/1769 PII: S0034-4885(04)38953-0 PDF (1.92 MB) Multimedia References Articles citing this article Full text PDF (1.92 MB) Multimedia References Articles citing this article Article options E-mail abstract Download to citation manager Link to this article Information about Filing Cabinet Find related articles By author James S Cohen IOP CrossRef Search Recommend Recommend this article Recommend this journal Author services NEW ... Submit referee report Reasons to login Set up an E-mail alert Use your Filing Cabinet Login Previous article ... Help Biomedical Materials British Journal of Applied Physics (1950-1967) Chinese Physics Chinese Physics Letters Classical and Quantum Gravity Clinical Physics and Physiological Measurement (1980-1992) Combustion Theory and Modelling (1997-2004) Distributed Systems Engineering (1994-1999) European Journal of Physics Inverse Problems Journal of Cosmology and Astroparticle Physics Journal of Geophysics and Engineering Journal of High Energy Physics

27. General Chemistry Online: Companion Notes: Compounds each molecule contains anywhere from two atoms (diatomic molecules *) to thousands definition ions formed from more than one atom; examples ammonium http://antoine.frostburg.edu/chem/senese/101/compounds/index.shtml

Home Common Compounds Exam Guide FAQ ... Construction Kits Companion Notes Just Ask Antoine! Simulations Slide Index Toolbox ... Matter Compounds Chemical change The mole Gases The quantum theory ... Learning Objectives A checklist of concepts to learn and skills to master in this section. Before You Start Prerequisite skills and concepts to review. Lecture Slides Lecture Notes Links Internet sites and paper references for further exploration. Frequently Asked Questions Find an answer, or ask a question Glossary Terms and definitions from the glossary are marked with an asterisk ( Quiz: Classifying compounds Classify compounds as ionic or molecular. /chem/senese/101/compounds/compound-classify-quiz.shtml Quiz: Names and formulas of polyatomic ions Write the formulas of polyatomic ions from their names, and vice versa. /chem/senese/101/compounds/polyatomic-quiz.shtml Quiz: Interpreting formulas Understand the subscript notation for chemical formulas. /chem/senese/101/compounds/interpret-formulas-quiz.shtml Isomer Construction Set Your mission: build all the isomers of octane, starting from propane. A Chime version of this tutorial is in the works, but no plugins are required for this simple exercise. /cgi-bin/senese/tutorials/isomer/index.cgi

28. Atoms, Molecules, And Ions Next Last Index Text. Slide 1 of 32. http://www.chem.uncc.edu/faculty/murphy/1251/slides/C12/sld001.htm

29. Atoms, Molecules, And Ions atoms, molecules, and ions. Only in the last fifteen years has it become possibleto “see” individual atoms. Carbon atoms in graphite http://www.chem.uncc.edu/faculty/murphy/1251/slides/C12/tsld001.htm

30. Unit 4 The allowed energy states of an atom, ion, or molecule are discrete (ie, When atoms, ions, or molecules lose (emit) photons of the same discrete energy, http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/Resources/Education/classes/astro89/unit04.htm

Unit 4: Ordinary Stars OVERVIEW LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit you should be able to: 1. Explain the concept of a black body and why stars behave like black bodies to first approximation. 5. Describe the various stellar spectral types and their properties. KEY WORDS color spectrum surface temperature black body Stefan-Boltzmann Law Planck Law continuum emission line absorption line energy state stellar classification OBAFGKM WRITTEN NOTES The color of a star and other properties of its spectrum surface temperature Stars are similar to objects which physicists call black bodies. Black bodies are perfect absorbers and emitters of electromagnetic radiation. According to , as a black body (or star) gets hotter, more radiation will start to come out at shorter wavelengths (e.g., the color may shift from red to blue as it gets hotter). According to the Stefan-Boltzmann Law , if a black body (or star) gets even a little hotter, a lot more energy will come out of it at all wavelengths. The amount of energy emitted per second per cm (E) is proportional to temperature raised to the fourth power (E= s T where s is a constant).

31. Unit 11 molecules are composed of several atoms. ¶ atoms, ions, and molecules are someof the building blocks of matter which can take the form of a solid, liquid, http://www.phyast.pitt.edu/Resources/Education/classes/astro88/0088u11.htm

Unit 11 The Basics of Matter and Radiation OVERVIEW The purpose of this unit is mainly to introduce the definition of terms that modern scientists often use to discuss matter and electromagnetic radiation. LEARNING OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit you should be able to: 1. Understand the definitions for the building blocks of matter and how smaller units of matter combine to form larger units. 2. Explain the relationship between energy, wavelength, and frequency in electromagnetic (EM) radiation. 3. List the types of EM radiation in order of increasing or decreasing energy. 4. List the types of visible light in order of increasing or decreasing energy. 5. Explain how continuum, emission, and absorption line spectra are produced. 6. Explain how the Doppler effect (Doppler shift in energy/wavelength/frequency) is produced. IMPORTANT TERMS AND CONCEPTS Proton Neutron Electron Photon Graviton Elementary particle Atom Ion Molecule Mass Charge Ionized gas Plasma Electromagnetic (EM) radiation Light Energy Wavelength Frequency Gamma rays X-rays Ultraviolet (UV) radiation Visible radiation (red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, violet)

32. CHEMISTRY I: ATOMS AND MOLECULES CHEMISTRY I atoms AND molecules. Table of Contents Ionic bonds are formedwhen atoms become ions by gaining or losing electrons. http://www.estrellamountain.edu/faculty/farabee/biobk/BioBookCHEM1.html

CHEMISTRY I: ATOMS AND MOLECULES Table of Contents Atoms Electrons and energy Chemical Bonding Chemical reactions and molecules ... Back to Top Most of the Universe consists of matter and energy . Energy is the capacity to do work. Matter has mass and occupies space. All matter is composed of basic elements that cannot be broken down to substances with different chemical or physical properties. Elements are substances consisting of one type of atom , for example Carbon atoms make up diamond, and also graphite. Pure (24K) gold is composed of only one type of atom, gold atoms. Atoms are the smallest particle into which an element can be divided. The ancient Greek philosophers developed the concept of the atom, although they considered it the fundamental particle that could not be broken down. Since the work of Enrico Fermi and his colleagues, we now know that the atom is divisible, often releasing tremendous energies as in nuclear explosions or (in a controlled fashion in) thermonuclear power plants. Subatomic particles were discovered during the 1800s. For our purposes we will concentrate only on three of them. The

33. CiteULike: Journals Beginning With: A on the one hand, experimental and theoretical studies of the properties andarrangements of atoms, ions and molecules in condensed matter, ideal or real http://www.citeulike.org/journals/a

Cite U Like Register Log in FAQ Article title Author surname Abstract Journal name Tag Navigation Home Log in Register News and Status ... Discussion list Journals Browse current issues Groups View group Experimental Features Import from BibTeX Journals beginning with: A Headline articles from recent publications Some journals publish an electronic table of contents for the most recent issue. You can browse all the recent articles in these journals just as if they were on your bookshelf. Search journal titles CiteULike currently has 6499 journals online Journal title beginning with A B C D ... Ax Available Journals Abacus Blackwell Publishing Academic Radiology Elsevier Science ACC Current Journal Review Elsevier Science Accident Analysis and Prevention Elsevier Science Accountability in Research: Policies and Quality Assurance Taylor and Francis Ltd Accounting and Finance Blackwell Publishing Accounting Education Accounting Forum Blackwell Publishing Emerald Group Publishing Limited Accounting, Management and Information Technologies Elsevier Science Accounting, Organizations and Society

34. Matter And Its Changes Solids/Liquids/Gases; atoms/molecules/ions; Compounds/Elements/Mixtures atoms, ions, and molecules. An atom is an extremely small particle of matter http://library.thinkquest.org/10429/low/matter/matter.htm

What exactly is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. There are two main ways of classifying matter. Matter is classified first by its physical state as a solid, liquid, or gas. Secondly, we classify matter by it chemical constitution as an element, a compound, or a mixture. We are going to learn about the differences between atoms, ions, and molecules, the differences between compounds, elements, and mixtures, and the difference between physical and chemical changes. Solids/Liquids/Gases Atoms/Molecules/Ions Compounds/Elements/Mixtures Solids, Liquids, and Gases To understand what matter is, we first must comprehend the three different states that it can exist in. Those three physical states are solids, liquids, and gases. A good example to illustrate this is water. Water, in its solid state is ice, in its liquid state is liquid water, and in its gaseous state is steam. Solids usually have a definite shape and a definite volume. However, when a solid is broken into smaller pieces it is not changed chemically. For example if you crush an aspirin into a power it is still a solid just in smaller pieces. Now we have the problem of distinguishing between a liquid and a gas. What makes a liquid different from a gas is the characteristic of compressibility. A gas is easily compressible, where a liquid is not. Say for instance that you have a piston within an enclosed tube. If the tube is filled with steam, and then the piston is compressed, it is easy to compress the steam with the piston. As a result, the piston travels far into the tube. Now we put water into the enclosed tube. It is not nearly as easy to push the piston down into the tube now. Why? Well, a liquid is a lot harder to compress than a gas. This is because the molecules in the gas are farther apart than the molecules in the liquid.

35. Matter And Its Changes Solids/Liquids/Gases; atoms/molecules/ions; Compounds/Elements/Mixtures atoms, ions, and molecules. An atom is an extremely small particle of matter http://library.thinkquest.org/10429/high/matter/matterbody.htm

What exactly is matter? Matter is anything that has mass and takes up space. There are two main ways of classifying matter. Matter is classified first by its physical state as a solid, liquid, or gas. Secondly, we classify matter by it chemical constitution as an element, a compound, or a mixture. We are going to learn about the differences between atoms, ions, and molecules, the differences between compounds, elements, and mixtures, and the difference between physical and chemical changes. Solids/Liquids/Gases Atoms/Molecules/Ions Compounds/Elements/Mixtures To understand what matter is, we first must comprehend the three different states that it can exist in. Those three physical states are solids, liquids, and gases. A good example to illustrate this is water. Water, in its solid state is ice, in its liquid state is liquid water, and in its gaseous state is steam. Solids usually have a definite shape and a definite volume. However, when a solid is broken into smaller pieces it is not changed chemically. For example if you crush an aspirin into a power it is still a solid just in smaller pieces. Now we have the problem of distinguishing between a liquid and a gas. What makes a liquid different from a gas is the characteristic of compressibility. A gas is easily compressible, where a liquid is not. Say for instance that you have a piston within an enclosed tube. If the tube is filled with steam, and then the piston is compressed, it is easy to compress the steam with the piston. As a result, the piston travels far into the tube. Now we put water into the enclosed tube. It is not nearly as easy to push the piston down into the tube now. Why? Well, a liquid is a lot harder to compress than a gas. This is because the molecules in the gas are farther apart than the molecules in the liquid.

36. Atoms, Molecules & Ions http://www.chem.purdue.edu/gchelp/115exams/atmolin2.html

37. Glossary: T Translational motion The net movement of an atom, ion, or molecule Trigonal bipyramidal A geometry in which two atoms, ions, or molecules are added http://xenon.che.ilstu.edu/genchemhelphomepage/glossary/t.html

Glossary of Chemical Terms T t-RNA: Transfer RNA. The relatively small polynucleotide that carries amino acids and recognizes the codon on m-RNA that specifies the amino acid to be incorporated at a particular point on a protein chain. T-shaped geometry: A molecular geometry whose shape resembles the letter T. Tacticity: Literally, arrangement or system. Used to describe the arrangement of substituents on a polymer chain. See atactic isotactic , and syndiotactic Temperature: An intensive property that measures the extent to which an object can be labeled "hot" or "cold." Tertiary structure: The interactions between the side chains on amino acids in a protein that help determine the structure of the protein. Tetrahedral complex: A complex in which four ligands are bound to the metal atom and arranged toward the corners of a tetrahedron. Tetrahedral hole: A hole in a closest-packed structure surrounded by four atoms or ions arranged toward the corners of a tetrahedron. Tetrahedron: A geometry that resembles a trigonal-based pyramid.

38. Glossary: S Secondary valence The number of ions or molecules that are covalently bound to a Squareplane geometry A geometry in which four atoms, ions, http://xenon.che.ilstu.edu/genchemhelphomepage/glossary/s.html

Glossary of Chemical Terms S S process The process by which heavier nuclides are built up by the slow absorption of one neutron at a time. See R process Salt: See ionic compound Salt bridge: A tube containing a saturated solution of a salt, such as potassium chloride. Used to complete the electrical circuit in a voltaic cell. Saponification: The reaction between fats and oils with KOH or NaOH to produce soap. Saturated fatty acid A long-chain carboxylic acid that contains no C==C double bonds. See unsaturated fatty acid Saturated hydrocarbon: A hydrocarbon that contains as much hydrogen as possible. A compound with the generic formula C n H . See alkane Saturated solution: A solution that contains as much solute as possible. Scientific notation: A system in which a number is expressed as a number between 1 and 10, times 10 raised to an exponent. Second ionization energy The energy needed to remove an electron from an M ion in the gas phase. Second law of thermodynamics: The notion that natural processes that occur in an isolated system are spontaneous when they lead to an increase in disorder, or entropy. Second-order reaction A reaction whose rate is proportional to the concentration of a single reactant raised to the second power: rate = k(X) Secondary battery A battery used to store electricity. By definition, these batteries must be capable of being both charged and discharged. See

39. ChemViz Tutorial - Nanocad These commands control how you build atoms into molecules to be imaged by Waltz . you can select atoms, ions, function(al) groups, or molecules to add. http://chemviz.ncsa.uiuc.edu/content/tut-Nanocad.html

Home About Tools Curriculum ... Teacher Forum ChemViz Tutorial Introduction Waltz CSD Nanocad ... Cosmoplayer Nanocad Tutorial Nanocad is a java-based interface that allows you to 'draw' your molecule in 3-space and export the information to Waltz. Nanocad also can minimize energy to optimize the coordinates of the molecule. Contents: Logging in Getting Started Nanocad Interface Make a New Molecule ... Nanocad Documentation Note: Nanocad requires Java run-time environment 1.4. Logging in Log into ChemViz by using either the login box in the upper right hand corner of the screen, or by accessing the Accounts page Login prompt. If you do not have a ChemViz account, you may request a guest student , or teacher account. The Accounts page also allows you to retrieve a forgotten password, or change your password. Before using ChemViz, you may wish to check that your browser is configured optimally (http://chemviz.ncsa.uiuc.edu/content/config_check.html) to insure that ChemViz will run and display properly. Getting Started To begin using Nanocad, access the Nanocad tool at

40. Intense Laser Interactions With Atoms Intense Laser Interactions with atoms, ions and molecules we investigate howelectrons are ripped from atoms/ions and how molecules fragment. http://www.qub.ac.uk/mp/ampr/projects/laser/laser.htm

Atomic and Molecular Research Division Intense Laser Interactions with Atoms, Ions and Molecules Our experiments use very short (10 s) laser pulses which are focussed down to intensities which are trillions of times brighter than the Sun. In such an extreme environment, we investigate how electrons are ripped from atoms/ions and how molecules fragment. Prof. Ian Williams Atomic Ions in Femtosecond Laser Pulses Dr. Jason Greenwood Negative Ions in Ultrashort, Intense Laser Fields Home Members Research Projects Ph.D./Job Opportunities ... Links This page is maintained by Jason Greenwood Last updated: 03/24/03.

A  B  C  D  E  F  G  H  I  J  K  L  M  N  O  P  Q  R  S  T  U  V  W  X  Y  Z

Page 2     21-40 of 88    Back | 1  | 2  | 3  | 4  | 5  | Next 20