181. Index Win Presentation, download demo, manual and references. http://www.aquad.de/

window.open('http://ptbanner.gmx.de/werbungpt1.php3?domain=aquad.de','pt3YKncK0Cws','width=488,height=50'); NEU Information Bestellung Demoversion Links in English en castellano

182. Binary Quasi-Cyclic Codes Interactive page to find the code parameters (generator polynomials and weight distribution) and references. http://www.tec.hkr.se/~chen/research/codes/searchqc2.htm

Binary Quasi-Cyclic Codes Fill in n k or p m to find the code parameters(generator polynomials and weight distribution) as well as references. Block length n Matrix size m Contributor(author) Dimension k p Lower bound on minimum distance for linear codes Prof. Brouwer Encyclopedia of Sparse Graph Codes David J.C. MacKay Table of Nonlinear Binary Codes(n Simon Litsyn, E. M. Rains, N. J. A. Sloane On Quasi-Cyclic Codes You have new results to be included in the database? Mail them to URL: http://www.tec.hkr.se/~chen/research/codes/searchqc2.htm

183. Ancient Mesoamerican Civilizations Information on the writing systems, government and religions of the Maya, Mixtec, Zapotec, and Aztec, by Kevin L. Callahan, University of Minnesota, with references and links. http://www.angelfire.com/ca/humanorigins/

setAdGroup('67.18.104.18'); var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "angelfire.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Search: Lycos Angelfire Dating Search Share This Page Report Abuse Edit your Site ... The Automatic Language Translator (Espanol,Deutsche,Francaise,etc) ANCIENT MESOAMERICAN CIVILIZATIONS Kevin L. Callahan University of Minnesota Department of Anthropology This page supplies information regarding Mesoamerican Civilizations. The primary groups addressed are the Maya, Mixtec, Zapotec, and Aztec. Topics Mesoamerican Writing Systems Introduction Maya Mixtec ... The Minnesota Society of the Archaeological Institute of America Links Maya Adventures - Science Museum of Minnesota (good photos and maps of Maya sites) Ancient Middle America (a great U of MN-Duluth website by Tim Roufs - tables and megalinks) The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Mesoamerica (alphabetical topics with photos) The Olmecs - Mesoamerican Encyclopedia The Olmecs - Civilizations in America Contents - Civilizations in America (includes Mesoamerica) Mesoamerican chronology (very comprehensive) Pre-Columbian Archaeology Related Links (mega links) Thomas Burglin's Mesoamerican Archaeology Page (mega links) Yahoo's Mesoamerican Links (lots of links) Rabbit in the Moon (the most fun Maya site on the web) How to write your name in Mayan glyphs Do-it-yourself stela maker Mystery of the Maya (excellent website from Canada and Mexico - with slide shows) Maya History and Culture (great site with lots of substantive information) The Maya Calendar - The Stela of Todays Date (generates a stela of glyphs with todays date)

184. The Second Law Of Thermodynamics. By Brig Klyce A rather puzzling article by Brig Klyce about entropy with references to living systems from the point of view of thermodynamics and information theory. http://www.panspermia.com/seconlaw.htm

COSMIC ANCESTRY Quick Guide Next The Second Law of Thermodynamics What'sNEW Morowitz The use of thermodynamics in biology has a long history rich in confusion Sometimes people say that life violates the second law of thermodynamics. This is not the case; we know of nothing in the universe that violates that law. So why do people say that life violates the second law of thermodynamics? What is the second law of thermodynamics? According to philosopher of science Thomas Kuhn, the second law was first put into words by two scientists, Rudolph Clausius and William Thomson (Lord Kelvin), using different examples, in 1850-51 . American quantum physicist Richard P. Feynman, however, says the French physicist Sadi Carnot discovered the second law 25 years earlier . That would have been before the first law, conservation of energy, was discovered! In any case, modern scientists completely agree about the above principles. Thermodynamic Entropy The first opportunity for confusion arises when we introduce the term entropy into the mix. Clausius invented the term in 1865. He had noticed that a certain ratio was constant in reversible, or ideal, heat cycles. The ratio was heat exchanged to absolute temperature. Clausius decided that the conserved ratio must correspond to a real, physical quantity, and he named it "entropy".

185. AllRefer.com - Literature And The Arts Encyclopedia AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides encyclopedia articles covered under this topic. Asian And Middle Eastern art, Biographies http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/Literature_and_the_Arts/

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather September 18, 2005 Medicine People Places History ... Maps Web AllRefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia A-Z ... Literature and the Arts Literature and the Arts Language, Linguistics, and Literary Terms Literature, General Language And Linguistics Language And Linguistics, Biographies ... American Literature, Biographies SITE MAPS Encyclopedia US Gazetteer: US States A-C US States D-H US States I-L US States M ... Countries A-Z Content on this web site is provided for informational purposes only. We accept no responsibility for any loss, injury or inconvenience sustained by any person resulting from information published on this site. We encourage you to verify any critical information with the relevant authorities. About Us Contact Us Privacy Links Directory ... Par Web Solutions Site best viewed in 800 x 600 resolution.

186. MESOAMERICAN THEMES AND CHACO CANYON An essay with references by F. J. Mathien on archeological links between the native cultures of North and Central America. Part of a virtual conference on Chaco by the University of Colorado. http://www.colorado.edu/Conferences/chaco/mesomod.htm

MESOAMERICAN THEMES AND CHACO CANYON F. J. Mathien A world-system model was also proposed to explain long-distance interaction among various cultures located between Mesoamerica and Chaco (Pailes and Whitecotton 1979). Mathien (1986) tested this model and concluded a down-the-line trade model better fit Chaco data; McGuire (1986) prefered prestige-goods exchange. These authors suggest various intermediary agents transferred goods and ideas among culture areas. Kelley (1986) has identified possible links among groups in West Mexico through the Chalchihuites, Loma San Gabriel, Mogollon, and Anasazi areas. Wilcox (1986) proposed long-term continuity of Uto-Aztecan speakers in northwestern Mexico and the Southwest; this model indicates the ease in which information would have travelled long distances. Riley (1986) showed how the Spanish were able to easily move along established routes linking the Valley of Mexico and the Southwest. If such continuity existed, Schroeder's (1981) proposal that the Hohokam were the last culture area within the Mesoamerican sphere, with Chaco external to that system, may be correct. References Di Peso, C. C.

187. Brief History Of Feedback Control Comprehensive article about the historical aspects of the theory and its development. Includes applications and references. http://www.theorem.net/theorem/lewis1.html

188. Late Predynastic And Early Dynastic Egypt By Francesco Raffaele Francesco Raffaele presents an illustrated history of the second and third dynasties, king by king, with references. Also corpora of First Dynasty labels and Early Dynastic inscriptions, and articles. http://xoomer.virgilio.it/francescoraf/

FRANCESCO RAFFAELE LATE PREDYNASTIC AND EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT This is a detailed account of the History and Archaeology of the Egyptian Early Dynastic Period: check out the pages on the Second and Third Dynasty and on Dynasty . If you are interested in Late Predynastic Egypt (Protodynastic) and Early Dynastic period you'll certainly find here what you're searching for. There are also 4 corpora: First Dynasty Wooden and Ivory Labels, Early Dynastic Inscriptions on Stone Vessels, Naqada IIIb1-2 serekhs and Late Predynastic Decorated Palettes; articles, news, many pictures, images galleries, links and especially abundant text. Nice reading Francesco Raffaele INTRODUCTION and INDEX of the SITE LAST UPDATES September 14, 2005 NOTE - The site server/URL is changed. New Link: http://xoomer.virgilio.it/francescoraf/ "DYNASTY 00" (Naqada IIC-IIIA2) DYNASTY 0 (Naqada IIIB) DYNASTY "SEREKHS" (Late Predynastic Egypt Royal Names) (FIRST DYNASTY) SECOND DYNASTY THIRD DYNASTY Predynastic and Protodynastic Egypt: The Origins of Egyptian Civilization + LECTURE ... LINKS EARLY DYNASTIC EGYPT KING BY KING HISTORY EARLY DYNASTIC KINGS CORPORA AND DATABASES: CORPUS OF LATE PREDYNASTIC DECORATED PALETTES CORPUS OF FIRST DYNASTY IVORY AND WOODEN YEAR-LABELS CORPUS OF EARLY DYNASTIC INSCRIPTIONS ON STONE VESSELS Submit brief questions or COMMENTS on this site For longer matters instead: e-mail me A b o u t t h e a u t h o r of this site (+ MAYA DICTIONARY) If you have gone through my site and you consider it worthy

189. Climate Dynamics,Chaos And Quantum Mechanics Explains a general systems theory for chaos, quantum mechanics and gravity as applied to weather patterns. Includes illustrations, scientific publications and references. http://www.geocities.com/CapeCanaveral/Lab/5833/

MIRROR SITE http://members.tripod.com/~amselvam: A General Systems Theory of Everything from Chaos, Quantum Mechanics and Gravity Applicable to Dynamical Systems of all Space-Time Scales from Subatomic Dynamics of Quantum Systems to Macro-Scale Fluid Flows who are the visitors? View Page Stats See who's visiting this page. Updated on 7 June 2005 Sign Guestbook View Guestbook Fractals: The beautiful complex patterns generated by simple iterative computations: Some examples A hierarchy of selfsimilar structures: The large scale is a magnified version of the small scale. A Theory of Everything for Chaos,Quantum Mechanics and Gravity, Applicable to Macroscale Weather Patterns A superstring theory for atmospheric flow dynamics? For a brief summary GO TO Universal quantification for self-organized criticality in atmospheric flows and CHAOS, QUANTUMLIKE MECHANICS AND NON-LOCALITY IN ATMOSPHERIC FLOWS For detailed theory GO TO Table of Contents A Superstring Theory for Fractal Spacetime,Chaos and Quantumlike Mechanics in Atmospheric Flows by A.M.SELVAM and SUVARNA FADNAVIS

190. HELLENIC PYRAMIDS The existence of megalithic pyramids in Greece was unknown to most people until recently. One at Hellenikon has been dated to c.2720 BC. Images, description and references. http://www.ancientgr.com/Unknown_Hellenic_History/Eng/HELLENIC_PYRAMIDS.htm

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191. Iterations And The Mandelbrot Set Discusses how differently the iterations behave depending on which portions the coefficients are plucked from. Includes basics, concept, formulations and references. http://www.cut-the-knot.com/blue/Mandel.html

Username: Password: Sites for teachers Sites for parents Awards Interactive Activities ... Sites for parents Iterations and the Mandelbrot Set In a chapter from The Beauty of Fractals , Adrien Douady (who coined the term Mandelbrot set ) recollects: ... in 1980, whenever I told my friends that I was just starting with J.H. Hubbard a study of polynomials of degree 2 in one complex variable (and more specifically those of the form z z + c), they would all stare at me and ask: Do you expect to find anything new? However, Douady and Hubbard made a major contribution to the understanding of the Mandelbrot set and its role in the description of dynamics of iterative processes. As the Fundamental Theorem of Algebra clearly indicates, the complex plane rather than the real line is the proper place for the study of polynomials. And, in hindsight, the study of even simple polynomials of degree 2 in the complex plain has thrown a new light on the behavior of more general iterative processes. Consider the simplest parabola f(x) = x with x real. Starting with a point x

192. Alwynne B. Beaudoin - The Dung File - Introduction Organized list of references dealing with pollen, parasites, and plant remains in coprolites and latrine fills from archaeological and palaeoenvironmental sites. http://www.scirpus.ca/dung/dung.shtml

The Dung File consists of a list of references dealing with pollen, parasites, and plant remains in coprolites and latrine fills from archaeological and palaeoenvironmental sites. The focus is on studies in North America and publications in English. The Dung File is subdivided into eleven sections. Four depend on the origin of the deposits being investigated ( Part 1: Mostly Human Part 2: Mainly Mammal Part 3: Animal Middens Part 4: Other Critters ). There are two broader categories, Part 5: General and Review Articles Part 6: Techniques , one focussed on theses, Part 7: Theses , and two focussed on modern comparative studies, Part 8: Comparative Studies - Human and Part 9: Comparative Studies - Mammal . Finally, there are a number of articles from news magazines and the popular press ( Part 10: Popular Press and Commentary ) and some less readily available items listed in Part 11: Conference Abstracts and Grey Literature Part 1: Mostly Human consists of references dealing primarily with human faecal material in archaeological context. These are mostly site-focussed studies. This also includes the examination of midden deposits and latrine fills. The focus of many of these studies is the elucidation of the diet and health of past human populations, and the examination of food consumption patterns and site use. Part 2: Mainly Mammal consists of references dealing with mammal coprolites, including those of extinct fauna, such as mammoths, and domestic animals. Again, these are mainly site-focussed studies. The focus in these studies is often environmental reconstruction.

193. Chaos, Fractals, And Arcadia Article on the mathematical ideas lurking in the background of Tom Stoppard's play Arcadia. Includes examples, illustrations and references. http://math.bu.edu/DYSYS/arcadia/

Chaos, Fractals, and Arcadia Robert L. Devaney Department of Mathematics Boston University Boston, MA 02215 Below you will find an animated description of some of the mathematical ideas lurking in the background of Tom Stoppard's play Arcadia . For access to some of the mathematical software that generates some of the images contained herein, visit the Dynamical Systems and Technology Project at Boston University. To purchase a video involving some of the mathematical ideas in Arcadia, together with a taped discussion by Tom Stoppard, visit the Mathematical Sciences Research Institute at the University of California, Berkeley. Introduction Thomasina's Geometry of Irregular Forms The Chaos Game The Sierpinski Hexagon ... Some pictures from Arcadia We welcome your feedback on this material. Please send any comments or suggestions to Robert L. Devaney at bob@bu.edu Introduction (Next Section) (Return to Dynamical Systems and Technology Home Page

194. Online Databases - Bibliography Searchable listing of maritime archaeological and associated references. http://dbase.mm.wa.gov.au/WEBFM/bib/bibsearch.html

Authors Name Keyword in Title Geographic Area Select The Region All Area's Africa Africa Central Africa N Africa S America Central America S Antartic Artic Asia Alantic Ocean Australia ACT Christmas Island Cocos Islands Norfolk Island NSW NT QLD SA TAS VIC WA NZ Canada Carribean Channel Is China England Eira Europe ex-USSR Germany India Indian Ocean Indonesia International Japan Malaysia Maldives Mediterranean Middle East N Ireland Netherlands Not Geographic Oceania Philippines Scandanavia Scotland SE Asia Sri Lanka Thailand UK USA Vietnam Main Subject Select Main Subject Maritime Archaeology Other Archaeology Artefacts Ship/Boat Building Ship/Boat History Boats/ships Types Ceramics Computers Conservation Education Fiction Graphic Art Guns Maritime History Other History Marine Exploitation Museology Navigation Reference Registers Resources management Techincal information Other Secondary Subject Select Second Subject Aboriginal Almanacs US bureau of shipping Anthropology Anthropology-physical Antiquities Architecture Armaments Armour Bibliographies Diaries/Memoirs Building Cartography Coins Cultural Curating Dictonaries Diving English E. India Co

195. Fractals And Multi Layer Coloring Algorithms Scientific paper of the University of the Basque Country, Spain, addressing the mathematical aspects of multi layer colorization. Includes examples and references. http://www.mi.sanu.ac.yu/vismath/javier1

Fractals and multi layer coloring algorithms Javier Barrallo and Santiago Sanchez Mathematics, Physics and Computer Science The University of the Basque Country School of Architecture. Plaza Onati, 2. E-mail: mapbacaj@sa.ehu.es Abstract The focus of exploration in new fractal techniques is shifting away from fractal formulas and towards coloring algorithms. This paper provides an overview of the coloring algorithms in popular use and how they can be combined and superposed. We call these multi layer fractals, and they are the source of some of the richest fractal imagery being produced today. In this way, even a limited collection of fractal coloring algorithms can be combined in almost endless ways. 1. Dynamical systems and fractals Dynamical systems are a well-known branch of mathematics, but until the arrival of computers the sheer number of calculations involved made them impractical for real use. The computer’s ability to perform rapid calculations allows us to condense billions of calculations into results we can digest. Benoit Mandelbrot was the first one to use computers to produce graphical representations of dynamical systems in the complex plane, based on the quadratic formulas described by the French mathematician Gaston Julia at the beginning of the 20th century. During the 1980s, fractal enthusiasts began exploring fractals for their artistic merit, not for their mathematical significance. While mathematics was the tool, the focus was art. As the fractal equation itself was the most obvious mathematical element, fractal artists experimented with new equations, introducing hundreds of different fractal types. By carefully choosing parameters to refine form, color, and location, these explorers introduced the concept of fractal art.

196. Archaeology In Italy Etruria Photographs and introduction to the civilization in Italy before the Romans from Giorgio Caponetti, with references. http://www.tuscania-italy.com/archaeology/etruscans.htm

197. Sierpinski Gasket Scientific article describing the mathematical background of the Sierpinski gasket. Includes formulation, models and references. http://astronomy.swin.edu.au/~pbourke/fractals/gasket/

Sierpinski Gasket Written by Paul Bourke March 1993 See also: Photographs by Gayla Chandler PovRay rendering by Angelo Pesce Geometric models of the Menger sponge level 3 plain level 4 efficient level 3 crumpled Introduction The following is an attempt to acquaint the reader with a fractal object called the Sierpinski gasket. The gasket was originally described in two dimensions but represents a family of objects in other dimensions. This family of objects will be discussed in dimensions 1, 2, 3, and an attempt will be made to visualise it in the 4th dimension. Cantor set or Dust The nineteenth century mathematician Georg Cantor became fascinated by the infinite number of points on a line segment. The set of points described here has been attributed to Cantor because of his attempts to imagine what happens when an infinite number of line segments are removed from an initial line interval. To generate the Cantor set start with a closed interval [0,1] (includes the points and 1). On the first iteration replace the interval with 3 equal length pieces and remove the middle third, or ]1/3, 2/3[ (excludes the points 1/3 and 2/3) Subsequent iterations involve removing the middle portion of the remaining line segments.. The gap removed each time is usually called a trema from the Latin tremes = termite.

198. The Spread Of Cattle Domestication Among The Mande Speaking People Offers a hypothesis based on evidence of the spread of the ProtoMande from the Saharan highlands to the Atlantic Ocean. Includes comparisons of African languages and references. http://www.geocities.com/Tokyo/Bay/7051/man1.htm

The Spread of Cattle Domestication among the Mande speaking people CATTLE DOMESTICATION AND THE PROTO-MANDE DISPERSAL Agricultural revolutions and the resulting increased food production has been the principal catalyst for the wide spread dispersal of populations speaking similar languages. Using linguistic and archaeological data Peter Bellwood (1991) and Colin Renfrew (1988) have shown the role agriculture played in the dispersal of the Austronesian and Indo-European speakers in prehistoric times. Recent archaeological research in Africa suggest that although agriculture played a role in the spread of some African linguistic groups such as the Bantu and Cushitic speakers, cattle domestication led to the spread of other African groups across enormous parts of West Africa. This hypothesis suits the evidence we have regarding the spread of the Proto-Mande from the Saharan highlands in the east, to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean in the west (Winters 1986b). Archaeological research from North Africa clearly illustrates the movement of semi-sedentary cattle herders from the Magreb and Saharan sites into West Africa. This agropastoral sedentary economy resulted in a growth in populations great enough to make it possible for the Mande speakers to expand across much of Northwest and West Africa between 5000 and 3000 years before the present (BP).

199. Reference, Facts, News ... Free And Family-friendly Resources A onestop site for all things Internet news, weather, sports, reference, encyclopedia (50 areas), facts on file, FAQs, tutorials, search engines, Win95, http://www.refdesk.com/

Make Your Home Page FAQ Login About Refdesk ... Contact Best viewed at 1024 X 768 screen size AD-FREE REFDESK: Details >> CHECK E-MAIL: Select one: Adelphia AllTel AOL BellSouth Charter Comcast Cox Covad Earthlink Excite FastMail Gmail Juno Lycos Mac MHTC MSN Hotmail MyWay NTELOS NetZero Optimum PocketMail Road Runner SBC Verizon Netmail Yahoo QUICK LINKS/ NET TOOLS: Select one: Answers.com AP Wire Atomic Clock Business Comics Crosswords Dow Jones Drudge Report First Things Gas Prices GoogleNews HomeworkHelp Just For Fun Lottery Results MarketWatch Movies Newspapers Reuters SearchEngines SiteMap Sports Tax Resources TV UPI Weather NET TOOLS: Ad Blockers Antiphishing Net News Net Tools Net Traffic SpeedTest 1 SpeedTest 2 SpeedTest 3 SpeedTest 4 SpeedTest 5 Tucows Tech Tips Virus Alert WhoIs REFERENCE DESK: Select one: AOL RefCenter Acronyms Almanacs Ask the Experts Biographies Calculators Calendars Countries Dictionaries DriveDirections Do-it-yourself Documents Encyclopedias Genealogy Government Grammar/Style HomeworkHelp Images Legal Maps Medical Music People Public Records Quotations States Statistics Thesaurus White Pages Yellow Pages Zip/AreaCodes Site Map Introduction and Tour OUR FUTURE DEPENDS ON YOUR SUPPORT 2005 Donations To Date = of Goal - Details "Information is the currency of democracy." -

200. HomeworkSpot.com: Homework Help, Science Fair Project Ideas, Math Help, Homework Reference Desk, Almanacs, Ask an Expert, Atlases, Biographies, Calculators News By State, News by Country, Arts Entertainment, Education News http://www.homeworkspot.com/

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