81. 1998 Arizona Resources This K8 boarding school falls under the jurisdiction of the Western Navajo Agency This boarding school serves approximately 110 students in grades K-6, http://www.wested.org/lcd/IndigenousEdDir/AZ/RSRC_AZ_05PV.shtml

Directory of Indigenous Education Resources: WestEd Region Contact Information: Sharon Nelson-Barber, Ed.D Director WestEd 4240 Farm Hill Blvd Redwood City, CA 94061-1048 Voice: (650) 381-6408 Fax: (650) 381-6401 Email: snelson@WestEd.org Arizona Region Resources, 1998 Elementary/Secondary Schools and Related Organizations Association of Navajo Community Controlled School Boards, Inc.* PO Box 2568 Window Rock, AZ 86515 Mary C. James, President phone: 520/729-5865; fax: 520/729-5867 ANCCSB is an education organization consisting of the governing boards of Navajo contract/grant schools. The ANCCSB schools have made major contributions to the development of Indian education in the United States and of community-controlled education in the Navajo Nation. The primary purpose of ANCCSB is to promote Navajo community control of education. All activities, programs and efforts of the association are consistent with and undertaken in support of this goal. Black Mesa Community School** Route 8066, North Pinon Pinon, AZ 86510 George Cukro, Director

82. Reznet : Student Life : The Painful Past Old photos of boarding school students stand at the entrance to the Heard Relecom, who came to arizona from Montreal, said a Native tour guide might be http://www.reznetnews.org/student/050217_museum/

In Student Life Dependent on Dialysis Cryin’ Time Religious 'Redmen' Red Lake’s Mysteries ... No Summertime Blues Here September 18, 2005 Send Printable The Painful Past Photo credit: Benny Polacca Old photos of boarding school students stand at the entrance to the Heard Museum exhibit, "Remembering Our Indian School Days: The Boarding School Experience." By Benny Polacca After the federal government realized that “killing Native Americans was not working,” Relecom said, the Carlisle Indian Boarding School in Pennsylvania opened about 1879. “Educating the Native American children was estimated to cost less than killing them,” she said. But the boarding school students paid a price: “The children no longer had their own culture” or “a place to be,” the result of being removed from reservation life and barred from speaking their Native languages, Relecom said. RELATED LINKS Heard Museum Web site Boarding school exhibit Web site The four-year-old exhibit in the museum’s East Gallery is called “Remembering Our Indian School Days: The Boarding School Experience” and will run until year’s end. Among many passages and quotes written on the exhibit’s walls are these words describing the goal of the boarding schools: “Assimilating, acculturating and americanizing children by standardizing their experiences of American culture, language and history.”

83. Reznet : Student Life : : The Painful Past But the boarding school students paid a price “The children no longer had Relecom, who came to arizona from Montreal, said a Native tour guide might be http://www.reznetnews.org/student/050217_museum/printable/

Reznet Student Life The Painful Past Photo credit: Benny Polacca Old photos of boarding school students stand at the entrance to the Heard Museum exhibit, "Remembering Our Indian School Days: The Boarding School Experience." By Benny Polacca After the federal government realized that “killing Native Americans was not working,” Relecom said, the Carlisle Indian Boarding School in Pennsylvania opened about 1879. “Educating the Native American children was estimated to cost less than killing them,” she said. But the boarding school students paid a price: “The children no longer had their own culture” or “a place to be,” the result of being removed from reservation life and barred from speaking their Native languages, Relecom said. RELATED LINKS Heard Museum Web site Boarding school exhibit Web site The four-year-old exhibit in the museum’s East Gallery is called “Remembering Our Indian School Days: The Boarding School Experience” and will run until year’s end. Among many passages and quotes written on the exhibit’s walls are these words describing the goal of the boarding schools: “Assimilating, acculturating and americanizing children by standardizing their experiences of American culture, language and history.” Boarding school students spent mornings on academic learning and afternoons on vocational training, according to an exhibit video. In addition to being penalized for speaking their Native tongue, students were punished for other imperfections, such as not shining their uniform boots, the video said.

84. Study In The USA - Learn English Here! ESL Schools, English Courses, Universitie An education guide for international students, with profiles of hundreds of colleges, universities, English language programs, and boarding schools in the http://www.studyusa.com/

more Languages Arabic Chinese English French German Indonesian Italian Japanese Korean Portuguese Russian Spanish Swedish Thai Turkish Vietnamese Welcome to Study in the USA! Study in the USA is the education guide for international students. Here you can Request Information from English as a Second Language (ESL) programs, universities, colleges, and boarding schools in the USA and Canada. Search the list of programs by language or category, including: English as a Second Language (ESL) Summer Undergraduate Graduate ... Boarding Schools/ Pre-University - Ages 12-17 Click Here for More Categories AAIEP Member Programs Arts and Design Aviation Business English Business/MBA Engineering Executive and Professional Health and Wellness Hospitality and Tourism Internships Law Schools/Programs Medical/Dental/Nursing Online/Distance Learning Short-term/Certificate Special Programs Summer Intensive English Technology/Computers TESOL and Teacher Training TOEFL and Test Preparation UCIEP Member Programs Video Game Development Women's Colleges Featured Programs provide you with university and post-secondary level program descriptions, as well as Request Information forms for contacting admissions offices. Younger students (ages 12-17) may consult the

85. Health Care To Native Americans: Indian School Hospitals Phoenix Indian School, Phoenix, arizona, c.18901910. This one from New Mexico mentions health of Albuquerque boarding School Students and includes http://www.nlm.nih.gov/exhibition/if_you_knew/if_you_knew_05.html

Indian School Hospitals Under the Office of Indian Affairs (c.1883-c.1916) Off-reservation boarding schools were considered by many government and boarding school officials to be major successes in forcing Native American children to adopt the ways of white "civilization" and simultaneously to abandon their own Native traditions. Carlisle Indian School in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, was a school of this type, as was Sherman Institute in Riverside, California. Native children were originally brought to Carlisle as hostages to insure that their parents would not continue armed resistance against the United States Army. However, many of the first Carlisle students became ill from diseases, such as tuberculosis, and died in the school's opening years. This may be a reason for Carlisle President Richard H. Pratt's letter to a physician in 1884, requesting help in selecting "healthy children" for the school from Indian reservations in the West. This letter is displayed here. In addition to providing medical treatment to its students, Carlisle Indian School Hospital also functioned as a preliminary nurse training facility, preparing Native American women to move on to regular nursing schools, as the souvenir album here shows. Exhibit Case 3 [656x448 8-bit grayscale JPEG, 53849 bytes]

86. Heard Museum The Heard Museum in Phoenix, arizona, is a private museum founded in 1929 by Dwight Remembering Our Indian School Days The boarding School Experience http://www.heard.org/show-exhibit.php?id=6

87. Education Dennehotso boarding School PO Box 2570 Dennehotso, arizona 86535 (928) 6583201. Dennehotso boarding School is a BIA school serving elementary school age http://www.ihs.gov/FacilitiesServices/AreaOffices/Navajo/Kayenta/education.asp

Search Our Site For: Advanced Search by HOME ABOUT I H S SITE MAP HELP ... Job Vacancies Navajo Area Indian Health Service Kayenta Service Unit Education Schools in the Kayenta Service Unit Area Kayenta Unified School District Kayenta Unified School District Website P O Box 337 Kayenta, Arizona 86033-0337 The Kayenta Unified School District consists of Kayenta Primary School (preschool through grade 2), Kayenta Intermediate School (grades 3 through 5), Kayenta Middle School (grades 6 through 8), and Monument Valley High School (Arizona). Kayenta Primary School Website Rebecca Mauldin, Principal Kayenta Intermediate School Website Principal Gillian Vormittag (928) 697-2371 Kayenta Middle School Website Principal Jacqueline Benally (928) 697-2298 Monument Valley High School Website (Arizona) Principal Blane Baker (928) 697-2191 Kayenta Community School

88. 2002-2003 Final Report: Pamela Kaye Osback I intend to concentrate my future writing on the arizona boarding school experience. Did you achieve any other accomplishments? http://www.mcli.dist.maricopa.edu/fipp/report.php?yr=0203&id=14

89. CSPD: Comprehensive System Of Personnel Development The classes will rotate from school to school including Kaibeto boarding boarding School, Tuba City boarding School, and Northern arizona University. http://cdd.unm.edu/cspd/FridayFax/FF2005-01-21.html

Skip to Content CSPD Home Who We Are Newsletters ... Friday Fax Archives September 2005 September 9, 2005 September 2, 2005 August 2005 August 26, 2005 August 19, 2005 August 12, 2005 August 5, 2005 July 2005 July 29, 2005 July 22, 2005 July 15, 2005 July 8, 2005 ... July 1, 2005 June 2005 June 24, 2005 June 17, 2005 June 10, 2005 June 3, 2005 May 2005 May 27, 2005 May 20, 2005 May 13, 2005 May 6, 2005 April 2005 April 29, 2005 April 22, 2005 April 15, 2005 April 8, 2005 ... April 1, 2005 March 2005 March 25, 2005 March 18, 2005 March 11, 2005 March 4, 2005 February 2005 February 25 February 18 February 11 February 4 January 2005 January 28 January 21 Friday Fax Date: January 21, 2005 From: Dr. Eugene R. Thompson Director of Educational Leadership Current Events This past week, training and technical assistance was provided as follows: Technical assistance via the telephone was provided to the special education coordinator in the Chinle Agency on the development of Project IDEAS training plans. Curriculum Mapping workshop was conducted for teachers and the curriculum director at the Rock Point Elementary School. Math Strategies training for teachers was conducted at the Chinle Boarding School.

90. CSPD: Comprehensive System Of Personnel Development The Southern Cohort class scheduled for Northern arizona University will take place as Residential staff followup at the Crystal boarding School. http://cdd.unm.edu/cspd/FridayFax/FF2005-03-04.htm

Skip to Content CSPD Home Who We Are Newsletters ... Friday Fax Archives September 2005 September 9, 2005 September 2, 2005 August 2005 August 26, 2005 August 19, 2005 August 12, 2005 August 5, 2005 July 2005 July 29, 2005 July 22, 2005 July 15, 2005 July 8, 2005 ... July 1, 2005 June 2005 June 24, 2005 June 17, 2005 June 10, 2005 June 3, 2005 May 2005 May 27, 2005 May 20, 2005 May 13, 2005 May 6, 2005 April 2005 April 29, 2005 April 22, 2005 April 15, 2005 April 8, 2005 ... April 1, 2005 March 2005 March 25, 2005 March 18, 2005 March 11, 2005 March 4, 2005 February 2005 February 25 February 18 February 11 February 4 January 2005 January 28 January 21 Friday Fax Date: March 4, 2005 From: Dr. Eugene R. Thompson Director of Educational Leadership Current Events This past week, training and technical assistance was provided as follows: Curriculum Mapping workshop was conducted for general/special education teachers and the curriculum director at the Rocky Ridge Boarding School (Feb. 24). Curriculum Mapping workshop was conducted for general/special education teachers and the curriculum director at the Rock Point Elementary School. Day two of the workshop will continue tomorrow, February 26. Due to unforeseen circumstances, the Northern Cohort residential class that was scheduled for Saturday, February 26 at the Dennehotso Boarding School is cancelled. The class will be rescheduled to March 19. The Southern Cohort class scheduled for Northern Arizona University will take place as scheduled on February 26th.

91. St. Michaels, Arizona - Navajo Nation The history of St. Michaels, arizona. The site was established by Franciscans SMIS was initially an elementary and industrial boarding school for Navajo http://www.lapahie.com/St_Michaels.cfm

God Bless America (Diyin God Baahózhó Nihimá Bikéyah Nízhoníye)! Please assist the Navajo Code Talkers Memorial Foundation with a donation to be used for the purchase and placement of a 9-ft tall Navajo Code Talker bronze monument for the capitol grounds in Phoenix AZ. For further details go to www.codetalkermemorial.com or contact Ronnie Towne, Fundraising Coordinator, at 480-238-1427 or via email at rtowne57@hotmail.com. Donations are tax deductible. Home New! In Progress Family Tree ... ShiDineh Sunday - September 18, 2005 - 1:30:32 PM - Navajo Nation Time St. Michaels (Ts’íhootso - Mountainside Meadow) St. Michaels is located above a well watered, wooded and verdant meadow on the western slopes of Black Creek Valley. St. Michaels was named after a Catholic Saint (Saint Michael) from the convent name (St. Michaels Convent) that exists at the site. In the 1850s, the hillside near the Sisters at St. Michaels was the scene of a planned ambush by the Mexicans on the Navajos, frustrated by Tall Syphlis of the Diné Ana’ih (Enemy Navajos), who accompanied the Mexicans from Cebolleta. While the Navajos and Mexicans were making arrangements to exchange slaves, the Mexicans planted a cannon in a hidden spot, planning to fire it into the Navajos when they were all assembled. Tall Syphlis went to the Navajo camp and warned them. They invited him to join them. He accepted and was later one of the signers of the Navajo Treaty of 1868 under the name of Delgadito.

92. IDRA Newsletter: September 2004 Most of us went to boarding school, but my dad was the one we came home I went to elementary school on the Navajo reservation in arizona where we lived. http://www.idra.org/Newslttr/2004/Sep/reprint1.htm

Intercultural Development Research Association IDRA Newsletter - September 2004 “Can Everyone Master Mathematics?” by Jack Dieckmann, M.A., and Aurelio M. Montemayor, M.Ed. “Creating Passages for Young Minority Girls,” by Bradley Scott, Ph.D. by Katherine Darke and Beatriz Chu Clewell Minority Women in Science: Forging the Way Marianita Chee's Story My family consists of my two children, ages 4 and 7, and my husband. My husband and I work for the same company, he works as a rolling stock mechanic at La Plata mine, and I am a mining engineer at Navajo mine. My dad is 86 years old and lives in Window Rock, Arizona, on the Navajo reservation. My mom died when I was 6 years old, so my dad raised those of us who were still at home. Most of us went to boarding school, but my dad was the one we came home to for vacations and holidays. I have seven sisters who are all older than me and four brothers, two of whom are older and two are younger. Since my dad was the primary person in my life, I can honestly say he was a great supporter of my going into engineering. Although he has had no formal education and does not understand English, he made sure I had whatever book I ever wanted when I was really young. He also constantly told me that I needed to learn the ways of the Anglo people and that I needed to learn them well enough to put them to my use. I am sure he gave the same advice to all my brothers and sisters so that whenever I needed any help along the way, my family was always supportive and willing to help me.

93. Winslow, Arizona Detailed Profile - Travel And Real Estate Info, Jobs, Hotels, H WINSLOW HIGH SCHOOL (Students 827; Location 800 APACHE AVE; Grades 09 12) SEBA DALKAI boarding SCHOOL (Students 161; Location HC 63, BOX H; http://www.city-data.com/city/Winslow-Arizona.html

Winslow, Arizona Back to Arizona All Cities For a short time only we are giving away in prizes - enter just by sending us your own city pictures! Planning a vacation? Current weather forecast for Winslow, AZ Population (year 2000): 9,520, Est. population in July 2002: 9,746 (+2.4% change) Males: 5,238 (55.0%), Females: 4,282 (45.0%) Elevation: 4850 feet County: Navajo Land area: 12.3 square miles Zip code: Median resident age: 30.6 years Median household income: $29,741 (year 2000) Median house value: $61,900 (year 2000) New: Winslow, AZ residents, houses, and apartments details Races in Winslow: White Non-Hispanic (40.8%) Hispanic (28.8%) American Indian (25.6%) Other race (13.5%) Black (5.2%) Two or more races (4.2%) (Total can be greater than 100% because Hispanics could be counted in other races) Ancestries: German (7.0%), English (5.0%), Irish (4.1%), United States (4.0%), French (1.7%), Scottish (1.4%). For population 25 years and over in Winslow High school or higher: 75.7% Bachelor's degree or higher: 11.0% Graduate or professional degree: 4.3%

94. Tuba City, Arizona Detailed Profile - Travel And Real Estate Info, Jobs, Hotels, Profiles Tuba City, Coconino County, arizona local houses, apartments, residents, TUBA CITY boarding SCHOOL (Students 1014; Location 306 MAIN STREET, http://www.city-data.com/city/Tuba-City-Arizona.html

Tuba City, Arizona Back to Arizona All Cities Submit pictures of this city Planning a vacation? Current weather forecast for Tuba City, AZ Population (year 2000): 8,225 Males: 3,981 (48.4%), Females: 4,244 (51.6%) Elevation: 4960 feet County: Coconino Land area: 8.9 square miles Zip code: Median resident age: 23.0 years Median household income: $38,556 (year 2000) Median house value: $61,900 (year 2000) New: Tuba City, AZ residents, houses, and apartments details Races in Tuba City: American Indian (93.3%) White Non-Hispanic (5.2%) Hispanic (2.4%) Two or more races (1.5%) Other race (0.6%) Ancestries: Irish (1.4%), German (1.2%). For population 25 years and over in Tuba City High school or higher: 76.0% Bachelor's degree or higher: 18.0% Graduate or professional degree: 7.6% Unemployed: 14.3% Mean travel time to work: 18.6 minutes For population 15 years and over in Tuba City CDP Never married: 39.9% Now married: 45.9% Separated: 2.0% Widowed: 5.0% Divorced: 7.3% 0.8% Foreign born Nearest city with pop. 50,000+: Flagstaff, AZ (69.7 miles, pop. 52,894). Nearest city with pop. 200,000+:

95. Indian Schools: An Inventory Of The Collection, 1929-1945, At The Southwest Coll Cheyenne River boarding School (Cheyenne River Indian Reservation, SD). Pueblo Bonito School (Crownpoint, NM) School childrenFoodArizonaHistory http://www.lib.utexas.edu/taro/ttusw/00081/tsw-00081.html

TARO Repository Browse List Print Version Raw XML File (31k) ... Accessing Materials Described Here TABLE OF CONTENTS Descriptive Summary Biographical Sketch Scope and Contents Restrictions ... Manuscript Files Indian Schools: An Inventory of the Collection, 1929-1945, at the Southwest Collection/Special Collections Library Descriptive Summary Creator Jennings, Evelyn Title: Indian Schools Collection, Dates: Abstract: The records pertain to various Indian Schools from 1929-1945. Collection # S 477.1 Quantity: 2 boxes (2.0 linear feet) Language English. Repository: Southwest Collection/Special Collections Library, Texas Tech University Biographical Sketch Return to the Table of Contents Scope and Contents The collection, pertaining to various Indian schools, consists of correspondence, financial material, original drawings by Indian children, literary productions, maps, printed material, schedules and lists, food and clothing allotment records, vaccination records, and scrapbook material. Return to the Table of Contents Restrictions Access Restrictions Open for research Return to the Table of Contents Index Terms The subject headings used by the Southwest Collection/Special Collections Library are derived from the Library of Congress and/or locally developed.

96. INTERNATIONAL RELOCATION boarding school costs are paid if the family deems local schooling options to For example, arizona has separate elementary and secondary school systems http://www.schoolmatch.com/articles/RJWIN93.htm

"Expatriate SchoolingCoping with Issues and Costs." By William L. Bainbridge and Allan L. Forsythe. Relocation Journal. Winter 1993. INTERNATIONAL RELOCATION EXPATRIATE SCHOOLING - - COPING WITH ISSUES AND COSTS by Allan L. Forsythe and William L. Bainbridge International relocation managers are under pressures from families for maximum service while corporate leaders make efforts to curtail escalating costs. Significant efforts have been made by some companies to control expenses in areas such as personal transportation, tax reimbursement, moving and storage, furniture, real estate and lease assistance, meals, lodging and auto. Regretfully, since schools are a sensitive issue and very few international relocation managers consider themselves to be school experts, schooling frequently continues to be an area of high cost with little control on the part of the corporation. Many corporate international relocation policies continue to read like blank checks in the area of schooling for dependents. Typical policies indicate that the company will pay registration fees, tuition, books and local transportation costs reimbursed for children attending grades K-12. Boarding school costs are paid if the family deems local schooling options to be inadequate. While such policies on the surface seem perfectly reasonable, they can be quite costly. We have examined many situations where families with children enrolled in very average public school systems in the United States expect the company to pick up the tab for the most elite private schools on their new assignment. The numbers can be staggering. We know of many cases where families have submitted and have been granted schooling reimbursement in excess of $60,000 per year. This seems particularly wasteful when in some of the cases a less expensive alternative would have been better for the dependent children in terms of their transition back into U.S. schools and universities.

97. Side Canyon: Welcome To Rock Point Community School In Arizona. Entrance to Rock Point Community School, Rock Point, arizona The school program has evolved from an elementary boarding school to a K12 day school, http://www.sidecanyon.com/rpcs.htm

home travel store photo gallery ... Read About It Tse Nitsaa Deez’áhi Diné Bi’ólta’ Rock Point Community School Jimmie C. Begay, Director Highway 191, Rock Point, Arizona History of the School Rock Point Community School (RPCS) is a community-controlled contract school on the Navajo Reservation in Arizona, serving 500 students in grades K-12. Contract schools are the result of P.L. 93-638, the Indian Self-Determination and Educational Assistance Act. RPCS is chartered by the State of Arizona and sanctioned by the Navajo Tribal Council to provide educational services through a contract with the Bureau of Indian Affairs (BIA). By definition, the educational program in a contract school is based on the philosophy, needs and concerns of the local community. The RPCS Board, comprised of community members, meets monthly and business is conducted in the Navajo language. Over 95% of the school employees are Navajos or Native Americans from other tribes. Rock Point has a history that is rich in its support of education. The community's first "school house" was built in the 1930s by the BIA. The school program has evolved from an elementary boarding school to a K-12 day school, with the first Senior class graduating in 1982.

98. The Lowell Observatory Navajo-Hopi Astronomy Outreach Program Furthermore, among the Navajo and Hopi in northern arizona and New Mexico, her eighth grade class at Rocky Ridge boarding School and Elizabeth Alden, http://www.lowell.edu/users/outreach/outreach.html

The Lowell Observatory Navajo-Hopi Astronomy Outreach Program Project Description One group that is striving to improve the education of their children is Native Americans. It is also a group that has been nearly absent from the physical sciences. Furthermore, among the Navajo and Hopi in northern Arizona and New Mexico, few science teachers at Navajo and Hopi schools are themselves Native Americans, resulting in a lack of science role models for students. When asked to describe a professional astronomer before ever seeing one, many students in several 7th and 8th grade Navajo classes described an astronomer as a middle-aged, white male with a foreign accent. This picture is not conducive to having the students think of astronomy or science as a career for themselves. Nevertheless, both the Hopi and Navajo are keenly interested in improving their science education. Located in northern Arizona, adjacent to the Navajo and Hopi lands, Lowell Observatory is optimally situated to share the excitement of astronomy with several Native American peoples and contribute to enhancing science education in their schools. Therefore, in the summer of 1996 we initiated an outreach program to bring the excitement of astronomy to Navajo (Dine) and Hopi schools ( history funding ). (See Mercury, May/June 1999, Vol. 28, No. 3, page 18 for a published summary of our program).

99. Leupp Boarding School High School Alumni Classmates @ Reunion Leupp boarding School High School Alumni Class Reunions @ Reunion.com Register Free School Name. State. Optional, Alabama, Alaska, arizona, Arkansas http://static.reunion.com/us/arizona/leupp/leuppboardingschool/

Reunion US Arizona Leupp ... Leupp Boarding School Leupp Boarding School High School Alumni Class Reunions Complete your FREE registration to view your Leupp Boarding School class list and find out if someone is looking for you! Your Information: First Name: Current Last Name: Maiden Name: (Blank if n/a) E-Mail Address: Birthday: (mm/dd/yyyy) Zip/Postal Code: Gender: Male Female Graduation Year: Choose Username: (No Spaces) Please include me in the dating directory. Password: Confirm Password: By submitting my registration, I agree to the Terms of Service Other Leupp Boarding high schools High School Search: Type simple name ( e.g. "Kennedy"

100. University Of Arizona Press - Children Of The Dragonfly They take readers from the boarding school movement of the 1870s to the Sixties Scoop in Canada and the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 in the United http://www.uapress.arizona.edu/books/bid1363.htm

Children of the Dragonfly Native American Voices on Child Custody and Education Robert Bensen, ed. 280 pp. / 6 x 9 / 2001 Paper (0816520135) $19.95 Cloth (0816520127) $47.00 Access Genealogy Native American Book Review Readings: A Journal of Reviews and Commentary in Mental Health "The collection honors and encourages a spirit of renewal, hope, and pride in traditional cultures focusing on children, community, and family. . . . Those interested in American Indian life, literature, and history as well as educators will find Children of the Dragonfly Multicultural Review SAIL Red Ink Sometimes the losses of childhood can be recovered only in the flight of the dragonfly. Native American children have long been subject to removal from their homes for placement in residential schools and, more recently, in foster or adoptive homes. The governments of both the United States and Canada, having reduced Native nations to the legal status of dependent children, historically have asserted a surrogate parentalism over Native children themselves. Children of the Dragonfly Invoking the dragonfly spirit of Zuni legend who helps children restore a way of life that has been taken from them, the anthology explores the breadth of the conflict about Native childhood. Included are works of contemporary authors Sherman Alexie, Joy Harjo, Luci Tapahonso, and others; classic writers Zitkala-Sa and E. Pauline Johnson; and contributions from twenty important new writers as well. They take readers from the boarding school movement of the 1870s to the Sixties Scoop in Canada and the Indian Child Welfare Act of 1978 in the United States. They also spotlight the tragic consequences of racist practices such as the suppression of Indian identity in government schools and the campaign against Indian childbearing through involuntary sterilization.

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