101. Words In English :: History Wessex stands alone as the last AngloSaxon kingdom in britain. The GreatVowel Shift gradually takes place. There is a large influx of Latin and Greek http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~kemmer/Words04/history/

A Brief History of English, with Chronology Pre-English Old English Middle English Modern English The language we call English was first brought to the north sea coasts of England in the 5th and 6th centuries A.D., by seafaring people from Denmark and the northwestern coasts of present-day Germany and the Netherlands. These immigrants spoke a cluster of related dialects falling within the Germanic branch of the Indo-European language family. Their language began to develop its own distinctive features in isolation from the continental Germanic languages, and by 600 A.D. had developed into what we call Old English or Anglo-Saxon, covering the territory of most of modern England. New waves of Germanic invaders and settlers came from Norway and Denmark starting in the late 8th century. The more violent of these were known as Vikings, sea-faring plunderers who retained their ancient pagan gods and attacked settlements and churches for gold and silver. They spoke a northern Germanic dialect similar to, yet different in grammar from Anglo-Saxon. In the 11th century, the attacks became organized, state-sponsored military invasions and England was even ruled for a time by the kings of Denmark and Norway. The Scandinavian influence on the language was strongest in the north and lasted for a full 600 years, although English seems to have been adopted by the settlers fairly early on. The Norman Invasion and Conquest of 1066 was a cataclysmic event that brought new rulers and new cultural, social and linguistic influences to the British Isles. The Norman French ruling minority dominated the church, government, legal, and educational systems for three centuries. The Norman establishment used French and Latin, leaving English as the language of the illiterate and powerless majority. During this period English adopted thousands of words from Norman French and from Latin, and its grammar changed rather radically. By the end of that time, however, the aristocracy had adopted English as their language and the use and importance of French gradually faded. The period from the Conquest to the reemergence of English as a full-fledged literary language is called Middle English. Geoffrey Chaucer wrote his masterpiece

102. The Anglo-Saxon Chronicle 1-495 The AngloSaxon Chronicle. From the jutes are descended the men of Kent, theWightwarians (that is, the tribe that now dwelleth in the Isle of Wight), http://www.chrisbutterworth.com/hist/asc0001.htm

The island Britain is 800 miles long, and 200 miles broad. And there are in the island five nations; English, Welsh (or British) , Scottish, Pictish, and Latin. The first inhabitants were the Britons, who came from Armenia , and first peopled Britain southward. Then happened it, that the Picts came south from Scythia, with long ships, not many; and, landing first in the northern part of Ireland, they told the Scots that they must dwell there. But they would not give them leave; for the Scots told them that they could not all dwell there together; "But," said the Scots, "we can nevertheless give you advice. We know another island here to the east. There you may dwell, if you will; and whosoever withstandeth you, we will assist you, that you may gain it." Then went the Picts and entered this land northward. Southward the Britons possessed it, as we before said. And the Picts obtained wives of the Scots, on condition that they chose their kings always on the female side ; which they have continued to do, so long since. And it happened, in the run of years, that some party of Scots went from Ireland into Britain, and acquired some portion of this land. Their leader was called Reoda

103. BBC - H2g2 - Anglo-Saxon Isle Of Wight: 400 - 900 AD The year 449 AD is a very rough guide to the start of the AngloSaxon occupation.What is known is that in 410 Roman forces withdrew from britain for the http://www.bbc.co.uk/dna/h2g2/A599682

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index Sunday 18th September 2005 Text only Guide ID: A599682 (Edited) Edited Guide Entry SEARCH h2g2 Advanced Search New visitors: Returning members: BBC Homepage The Guide to Life The Universe and Everything 2. The Universe The Earth Europe ... The h2g2 University Created: 25th July 2001 Anglo-Saxon Isle of Wight: 400 - 900 AD Front Page What is h2g2? Who's Online Write an Entry ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! Anglo-Saxon Isle of Wight: 400 - 900 AD Coming of the Anglo-Saxons The Kingdoms Of Wessex, Sussex and Mercia Alfred The Great's Sea Battle The Coming Of The Anglo-Saxons 449 - Here Martianus and Valentinian succeeded to the kingdom and ruled seven years. In their days Vortigern, King of the Britons, invited the Angle race under Hengest and Horsa here and they then came here to Britain in three ships at the place called Ebba's Creek. The King Vortigern gave them land in the south-east of this land on condition that they fought against the Picts. They then fought against the Picts and had victory wheresoever they came. They then sent to Angeln, ordered them to send more help and ordered them to tell of the worthlessness of the Britons and of the excellence of the land. They then at once sent here a larger troop to help the other. These men came from three tribes of Germany: from the Old Saxons, from the Angles, from the Jutes. From the Jutes came the Cantware and that race in Wessex which they still call the race of Jutes and the Wihtware - that is the tribe that now lives on Wight.

104. All About Romance: Anglo Saxon England: 542 - 1066 britain was attacked by waves of Picts (and of course, Scots) who had The AngloSaxon period saw the development of the village/manorial system, http://www.likesbooks.com/anglosaxon.html

Anglo Saxon England: 542 - 1066 "While the Roman Empire was overrun by waves not only of Ostrogoths, Vizigoths and even Goths, but also of Vandals...and Huns...Britain was attacked by waves of Picts (and of course, Scots) who had recently learned to climb the wall, and of Angles, Saxons and Jutes who, landing at Thanet, soon overran the country with fire (and, of course, the sword)." 1066 and All That: A Memorable History of England Chronology History Sources Chronology: By the middle of the sixth century these invaders had started dividing the land between them, establishing 7 kingdoms - the period 550-850 became known as that of the Heptarchy. Here follows a brief chronology of events: Battle of Camlann, according to Annales Cambraie. Death (or unspecified other demise) of Arthur (according to Geoffrey of Monmouth.) Visit of St. Augustine and conversions to Christianity Conversion of Ethelbert Death of Ethelbert Edwin of Northumbria converts King of Wessex converted by Bishop Birinius Penda of Mercia kills Oswald of Northumbria Synod of Whitby sees Church of Rome chosen over Celtic Church Theodore of Tarsus appointed Archbishop of Canterbury Birth of Venerable Bede (author of The Ecclesiastical History of the English Nation) Wessex expands its power to rule over Kent, Surrey and Sussex

105. England - Definition Of England In Encyclopedia From time to time throughout this period, one AngloSaxon king, All of GreatBritain has been ruled by the government of the United Kingdom since that http://encyclopedia.laborlawtalk.com/England

Add to Favorites General Encyclopedia Legal ... Law forum Search Word: Visit our Law forums Labor Law Accidents Law Bankruptcy Law Business Law ... Tax Law England In detail (In detail) Royal motto Dieu et mon droit ... French : God and my right) Official language None; English is de facto Capital London Capital's coordinates 51° 30' N, 0° 10' W Largest city London Area - Total Ranked 1st UK Population - Total ( Density Ranked 1st UK Religion Church of England ... Hindu Unification 9th century by Egbert of Wessex Currency Pound Sterling (£) (GBP) Time zone UTC Summer: UTC +1 National Anthems None officially; de facto (as part of the UK): God Save the Queen Unofficial: Rule Britannia Land of Hope and Glory Jerusalem England is the largest, the most populous, and the most densely populated of the four " Home Nations " that make up the United Kingdom . Occupying the south-eastern portion of the island of Great Britain , England is named after the Angles , one of a number of Germanic peoples who settled there in the and centuries. England has not had a separate political identity since , when Great Britain was established as a political entity. The capital city of England

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