81. Religious Movements Homepage: Amish This amish Page is your gateway to accessing comprehensive web based as well asprint resources about the amish. As part of the New Religious Movements http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/amish.html

The Amish Profile History Beliefs Current Controversies ... Bibliography I. Group Profile Name : The Amish Founder : Jacob Amman Date of Birth : February 19, 1656 Birth Place : Switzerland Year Founded Sacred Texts The Bible is the sacred text of the Amish people. The Amish interpret the Bible literally and directly in many cases which explains their lifestyle. In addition to the Bible there are unwritten rules on which the Amish people base their morals and way of life. The Ordung are the unwritten rules of the church and are not specified in writing, but are known and closely followed. Cult or Sect: Negative sentiments are typically implied when the concepts "cult" and "sect" are employed in popular discourse. Since the Religious Movements Homepage seeks to promote religious tolerance and appreciation of the positive benefits of pluralism and religious diversity in human cultures, we encourage the use of alternative concepts that do not carry implicit negative stereotypes. For a more detailed discussion of both scholarly and popular usage of the concepts "cult" and "sect," please visit our Conceptualizing "Cult" and "Sect" page, where you will find additional links to related issues.

82. Religious Movements Homepage: The Amish This amish Page is your gateway to accessing comprehensive web based as well asprint resources about the amish. As part of the New Religious Movements http://religiousmovements.lib.virginia.edu/nrms/amish_arch.html

The Amish This is an archived page. Please click here to access current edition. Profile Beliefs Links Bibliography I. Group Profile Name: The Amish Founder: Jakob Amman Date of Birth: February 19,1656 Birth Place: Switzerland Year Founded: Brief History: The Amish people are descendants of the Anabaptist tradition from 16th century Europe. The Anabaptists eventually split into three groups: the Mennonites of Dutch and Prussian origin, the Hutterian Brethren of Austria, and the Swiss Brethren. The Amish were named after their founder Jakob Amman who decided to split off from the Swiss Brethren. The division did not occur due to differences in fundamental beliefs, but instead it was over conforming to certain norms of the tradition. The Amish people immigrated to Colonial America in the eighteenth century and were able to grow and develop their own tradition. (Hostetler, 1980: 25-36) Sacred or Revered Texts : The Bible is the sacred text of the Amish people. The Amish interpret the Bible literally and directly in many cases which explains their lifestyle. In addition to the

83. National Committee For Amish Religious Freedom Committee of nonamish individuals working to preserve religious freedom for theOld Order amish. Site includes information on the amish including a http://www.holycrosslivonia.org/amish/

National Committee For Amish Religious Freedom 15343 Susanna Circle Livonia, MI 48154 Phone (734) 464-3908 Email: amish@holycrosslivonia.org Mission Statement: To defend and preserve the religious freedom of the Old Order Amish religion in the United States. Rev. William C. Lindholm, Chairman General Information National Committee for Amish Religious Freedom Amish History and Culture References Frequently Asked Questions New! U.S. Supreme Court Case of 1972 Washington Post article Defense brief 1971 Press release Contacts Email the Committee Links Visit our guestbook This page has been visited times since 12/26/97 Webmaster Revised 02/23/05

84. U.S. Supreme Court Case: Is There Religious Freedom In America -- For The Amish? The Old Order amish a minority religious group known for their shunning ofmodern conveniences and the driving of horses and buggies, who were among http://www.holycrosslivonia.org/amish/case.htm

U.S. Supreme Court Case: Is There Religious Freedom in America for the Amish? By the Reverend William C. Lindholm Background Facts of the Case Death Knell for Amish? Friends of the Court ... Exemption for the Amish Background If the Old Order Amish must partake of the value system in a regular high school "their religion will be destroyed," said an anthropologist from Temple University at the trial of three Amish fathers in Wisconsin who refused to send their children to high school. The Wisconsin Supreme Court last January in a landmark decision overturned the arrests of the Amish saying that "no liberty is more important ... than religious liberty," and the Amish "will not be required to attend school beyond the eighth grade" because the state had shown no "compelling state interest" which would justify the overriding of the freedom of religion guarantee of the Constitution of the United States. Moreover, the court said that Amish "education produces as good a product as two additional years of compulsory high school." Compulsory education laws in Wisconsin require attendance to age sixteen.

85. Lee Zook: The Amish As in many religions, for the amish, belief to some extent flows from tradition . The National Committee for amish Religious Freedom was founded in 1967 http://library.luther.edu/pages/courli/amish.htm

Luther College Library **This page has not been updated since March, 2002.** The Amish by Lee Zook The Amish and the World Wide Web ! What a peculiar combination, old-fashioned quiet people and the most recent and as yet ungoverned, communication device. But there is an objective behind the aberration. The purpose of the page is: to educate the general public about this particular ethnic group. to provide information to local officials, business people and others who have contact with the Amish, particularly if these contacts began in the recent past. to bring together in one site selected material found on the Web pertaining to the Amish. to highlight the positive influences of diverse ethnic groups in our country. Lee Zook and Kyle White have worked with a variety of Amish groups when they had conflicts with their neighbors. Often these conflicts occur because the Amish avoid many of the modern conveniences and technologies that most post-modern people take for granted. They do so because of their religious beliefs and their tradition. These two items, religious beliefs and traditions, are so tightly interwoven that it is difficult to separate one from the other. As in many religions, for the Amish, belief to some extent flows from tradition. When confronted with some law or regulation that does not fit their religious belief, Amish sometimes ignore the law. In some cases, these conflicts escalate until Amish find themselves in court defending their actions. Often court cases have been argued using the basic tenants of the

86. National Committee For Amish Religious Freedom - Holycrosslivonia Basic information about the history and culture of the amish. Articles and pressreleases concerning the 1972 Supreme Court Case, Wisconsin vs. Yoder. http://www.joeant.com/DIR/info/get/4271/19950

Warning /home/jdavid/joeant/www/DIR/info/get on line Too many

87. Amish Religious Customs Essay Direct Essays.com - Over 101,000 Essays, Term Pape amish Religious Customs In the last few decades, tourists have discovered the amish.Each year, people travel to places like Lancaster County, Pennsylvania, http://www.directessays.com/viewpaper/83397.html

Click HERE for Instant Access! Acceptable Use Policy Technical Support Customer Service ... Technical Support Welcome to DirectEssays.com to over high quality This is a short summary of this paper! Already a member? Go here to log in and view the entire paper! Join Now (Credit Card) Join Now (Online Check) Join Now (Phone 1-900) Amish Religious Customs Approximate Word count = 2082 Approximate Pages = 8 (250 words per page double spaced) Want to view this paper along with other term papers, essays, and book reports? Instant access , single user memberships can be purchased online with a credit card or online check! Membership Plans Credit Card Check Phone Savings 30 day membership (recurring billing) 30 day membership (non-recurring billing) 90 day membership (recurring billing) 180 day membership (non-recurring billing) Once you have registered for an Account, No refunds can be issued. Please make sure you look over the site before you purchase an account!!!

88. The Yoder Case Committee for amish Religious Freedom and its attorney William Ball. grasp of amish culture, this superb book shows how amish religious convictions http://www.kansaspress.ku.edu/petyod.html

The Yoder Case Religious Freedom, Education, and Parental Rights Shawn Francis Peters October 2003 216 pages, 5-1/2 x 8-1/2 Landmark Law Cases and American Society Cloth ISBN 0-7006-1272-6, $29.95 Paper ISBN 0-7006-1273-4, $14.95 Compulsory education has always been in the best interest of the state, as it fosters good citizenship and self-sufficiency. But what if a segment of society considers state education detrimental to its own values? In the late 1960s, one Wisconsin Amish community held that view and removed its children from public schools. When the state claimed truancy and took Jonas Yoder and two other parents to court, a legal battle of landmark proportions followed. While most accounts of Wisconsin v. Yoder When the U.S. Supreme Court in 1972 ruled in favor of the Amish, its decision was hailed by many as a victory for religious freedom but was also criticized for conferring special protection on one faith. Yoder was subsequently cited in fundamentalist Christian efforts to excuse children from public schooling, but faith-based exemption to law was ultimately defeated in other tests. Peters traces the progress of such cases into the 1990s to show how

89. Encyclopedia: Amish The Old Order amish Churches are a North American religious body descended fromthe Anabaptist Mennonite followers of Jacob Amman. The Beachy amish are http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Amish

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Related Articles People who viewed "Amish" also viewed: Amish Beachy Amish Old Order Amish Nebraska Amish ... Holmes County, Ohio What's new? Our next offering Latest newsletter Student area Lesson plans Recent Updates Zsanett ‰gerh¡zi Yuri Orlov Ybarro Yamatsuri, Fukushima ... More Recent Articles Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Taxed Most Populous ... More Stats Encyclopedia: Amish Updated 14 hours 28 minutes ago. Other descriptions of Amish Amish couple in a horse-drawn buggy in rural Holmes County, Ohio , the site of the one of the largest concentration of Amish in the United States The Amish are a denomination of Anabaptists and a branch of Mennonites noted for their restrictions on the use of modern devices such as automobiles and electricity . The Amish are a tight-knit cultural and ethnic group, descending from a few hundred German and Swiss immigrants and speaking a distinctive High German dialect Deitsch or " Pennsylvania Dutch )." (Amish are one group of the " Pennsylvania Dutch ," who are of primarily German, not Dutch, descent.) Amish couple in horse-driven buggy in rural Holmes County, Ohio (taken Sept. ...

90. Amish The amish church, a branch of the Mennonites, is a Protestant religious groupdescended from the 16thcentury Anabaptists. The amish take their name from http://mb-soft.com/believe/txn/amish.htm

Amish General Information The Amish church, a branch of the Mennonites, is a Protestant religious group descended from the 16th-century Anabaptists. The Amish take their name from Jacob Ammann, a Swiss Mennonite bishop who in 1693 broke away from the main body of Mennonites, feeling that they had strayed from the strict austerity of their forebears. Ammann's followers began emigrating to Pennsylvania from Switzerland and Germany about 1710, and by 1787 had established 70 congregations there. The Amish later spread to Ohio, Indiana, and Ontario in Canada. Today they still exist in all these areas (and others), numbering about 40,000. BELIEVE Religious Information Source web-site Our List of 1,000 Religious Subjects E-mail Amish General Information The Amish are a North American Protestant group of Mennonite origin. The Amish have maintained a distinctive and conservative agricultural way of life despite the influences of modern industrial society. The name Amish is derived from Jakob Amman, a Swiss Mennonite bishop. He insisted that discipline within the church be maintained by excommunication. This entailed the avoidance, or shunning, by the faithful of those excommunicated. Conventional social relationships with the excommunicated, such as eating at the same table, buying and selling, and, in the case of a married person, marital relations, were forbidden. The Amish, subject to persecution in Europe, migrated in the 18th century to Pennsylvania, where their descendants are called Pennsylvania Dutch (the German deutsch, "German," was misunderstood as "Dutch"). They then spread into Ohio, other midwestern states, and Canada. A rural people, their skill in farming is exemplary.

91. Liberty Magazine Thus, according to the National Committee for amish Religious Freedom, the OldOrder amish oppose higher education because it violates their morals and http://www.libertymagazine.org/article/articleview/336/1/60/

TOP LEVEL Past Issues Year 2003 March/April 2003 Illustrations by Tim Foley F or more than 300 years the Amish, also referred to in this country as the Old Order Amish or “Plain People,” have practiced a way of life that revolves around their deeply held religious beliefs. Believing in a literal interpretation of the Bible, these intensely private individuals point to Romans 12:2, “Be not conformed to this world,” as one of the bedrock Bible verses for their lifestyle and attitude of separation from the world. It is a lifestyle that rejects most of the trappings that come along with modern living. Dressed in plain (some might say old-fashioned) clothing, the men wear broad-brimmed black hats and plain-cut trousers, and the women wear bonnets and ankle-length dresses—they reject all that might get in the way of practicing their faith. Despite their tendency to stay to themselves and adopt an attitude of nonresistance and pacifism, however, these Plain People have not been strangers to conflict, persecution, or oppression. In Europe the Amish opposition to the union of church and state and infant baptism made them highly unpopular. Some early Amish martyrs were even put in sacks and thrown into rivers in Europe as punishment for their beliefs. Their presence in the United States is largely a result of their escape from religious persecution in Europe. In fact, they were saved from extinction by William Penn, who granted them a haven from religious persecution in America. Unfortunately, exercising their religious beliefs in the United States has not been without its own trials and tribulations, as recent legal struggles between state officials and the Amish have shown. We hear so much these days from our politicians and other government leaders that tolerance and diversity are essential to freedom and democracy. However, in Gladwin County, Michigan, tolerance and diversity are not being applied to the Amish. As one county health officer said: “We can’t treat different segments of the population differently. We can’t discriminate.”

92. CBS News | Amish: We're Already In Good Hands! | May 5, 2003 12:30:29 He and other members of the amish religious group believe in taking care of The amish and Mennonites both come from the Anabaptist religious tradition. http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2003/05/05/national/main552336.shtml

SEARCH: CBSNews.com The Web document.write('') Home U.S. World Politics ... CBS News Video May 5, 2003 12:30:29 The Early Show CBS Evening News 48 Hours 60 Minutes ... Section Front E-mail This Story Printable Version Amish: We're Already In Good Hands! COLUMBUS, Ohio, May 5, 2003 Mennonite Kenneth Yoder with some of the furniture he makes. Yoder said if a Mennonite is injured on the job, that person pays for the expense himself or receives financial aid from his church. (Photo: AP) (AP) Although businessman Atlee Kaufman pays the state about $4,000 a year in workers' compensation premiums for his furniture parts store, he says he'll never make a claim. It's against his beliefs. He and other members of the Amish religious group believe in taking care of one's own liabilities and that filing an insurance claim goes against Biblical principles of trusting in God. "If we don't use it, why should we pay it?" asks Kaufman, 52, owner of 77 Coach Supply in Mount Hope, about 35 miles southeast of Akron. Ohio lawmakers are finally listening. The state, like others with large Amish or Mennonite populations, is set to exempt members of religious sects from paying insurance premiums if it goes against their principles. The Amish in Ohio, which number about 51,000, have sought the provision for at least a decade. It requires groups to have been a recognized religion since December 1950 and to have had a church program to cover members' insurance needs for "a substantial" number of years.

93. Concerned Women For America - UPN To Air Show Humiliating Amish Youth “The very act of making this show violates a fundamental amish religious tenet.And asking amish youth to participate requires them to break it.” http://www.cwfa.org/articles/6015/CFI/family/

Search for on cwfa.org The Web Representatives Government sites Conservatives Britannica.com The Bible Sunday, September 18, 2005 Home Media Core Issues Definition of Family Sanctity of Life Education Pornography Religious Liberty National Sovereignty Miscellaneous Legislation Beverly LaHaye Institute Culture and Family ... Links UPN to Air Show Humiliating Amish Youth By Martha Kleder The UPN Network is going ahead with plans to air a show that critics say exploits Amish youth. The show, “Amish in the City,” will debut July 28 over the objections of many members of Congress and the UPN affiliates in Harrisburg and Lancaster, Pennsylvania. “Make no mistake – this program is offensive and exploitive,” said Congressman Joe Pitts (R-Pennsylvania) on the House floor on July 13. “The very act of making this show violates a fundamental Amish religious tenet. And asking Amish youth to participate requires them to break it.” The Amish believe that television constitutes a “graven image” and is therefore a violation of the Ten Commandments. Pitts and the UPN affiliates have asked for a pre-screening of the show to insure that community sensibilities are not offended. However, the network has steadfastly refused. The show features Amish 16-year-olds on the traditional “rumspringa” venture beyond the Amish world, or into the “English world,” as the Amish call it. Teens are expected to use the time to evaluate their faith, and decide whether to leave or return to the Amish church.

94. When A Triangle Affronts Religious Beliefs | Csmonitor.com CLASH OF WORLDVIEWS Although many amish use orange triangles on the back of pale in comparison to the potential affront to amish religious liberties. http://www.csmonitor.com/2002/0523/p03s01-usju.html

WORLD USA COMMENTARY LEARNING ... Text Edition Search: Special Offer: Subscribe to the Monitor and get 32 issues FREE! Domestic Politics Economy Foreign Policy ... Military Also see: Iraq in Transition Living The Monitor Breakfast Excerpts from discussions between reporters and Washington newsmakers. USA Stories: for 09/16/2005 Bush's buffeted leadership Bout 1: over. Bout 2: huge. On path to recovery, Big Easy suburbs lead the way US tempers its view of victory in Iraq ... more projects... Most-viewed stories: (for 09/17/05) Bush's buffeted leadership US tempers its view of victory in Iraq Never mind Hillary - it's 'Laura for president' now Bout 1: over. Bout 2: huge. ... Justice from the May 23, 2002 edition CLASH OF WORLDVIEWS: Although many Amish use orange triangles on the back of their buggies, the Swartzentruber sect in western Pennsylvania has been taken to court for their refusal to use the reflective emblem. They argue that it is too garish to accord with their religious beliefs. ANGELA GAUL/AP When a triangle affronts religious beliefs The refusal to use the devices on buggies signals a larger clash between religious rights and safety.

95. When A Triangle Affronts Religious Beliefs | Csmonitor.com The ultratraditional Swartzentruber sect of amish living in western down palein comparison to the potential affront to amish religious liberties. http://www.csmonitor.com/2002/0523/p03s01-usju.htm

from the May 23, 2002 edition - http://www.csmonitor.com/2002/0523/p03s01-usju.html When a triangle affronts religious beliefs The refusal to use the devices on buggies signals a larger clash between religious rights and safety. By Mary Beth McCauley EBENSBURG, PA. Both Mr. Miller and Ms. Ambrisco are talking about a simple orange triangle, which state law requires on the backs of all slow-moving vehicles. The ultratraditional Swartzentruber sect of Amish living in western Pennsylvania refuse to use the triangles on their horse-drawn buggies. The police have ticketed them, but they've resisted paying the fines. One farmer has even gone to jail as a result. Matters came to a head when 19 Amish, responsible for a total of 24 tickets issued by state police in the past 12 months, appeared in Cambria County Court last month, defended by lawyers who were secured by the American Civil Liberties Union. All are due back here today to hear from traffic-safety experts arguing for each side. The court will consider whether the safety of the public indeed requires the Amish to use the triangle or whether another measure might accomplish the same end. But the case is also the latest involving the Amish to raise much broader questions about the clash of religious rights and public safety. The question of which interest should take precedence, in fact, will likely propel the case far beyond little Ebensburg and into appeal in a larger court. "Public safety versus religion: That issue's been debated since the Founding Fathers were around," says Cambria County District Attorney Dave Tulowitzki, who is arguing the case for the state. "I'm sure the case will go to the state Supreme Court, at the very least."

96. History Of Amish & Mennonite Cultures The amish are a Christian religious group that traces its origins back to The most important amish religious doctrine is obedience and yielding to God http://www.clark-cty-wi.org/historya&m.htm

The History of Amish and Mennonite Cultures To most people, the Amish are a mystery. Why would anyone want to live like they do? Why do they use horses instead of automobiles? To understand the Amish culture, it helps to know a little of their background. The Amish are a Christian religious group that traces its origins back to the Swiss Anabaptists. In the 1600s, the Swiss Anabaptists were persecuted for their refusal to follow state/church requirements on baptism. The Swiss Anabaptist practiced adult baptism, not the required infant baptism. To the Anabaptist, baptism is a voluntary and conscious choice which infants cannot make. The word Anabaptist means twice baptized because the original members were baptized as infants and again as adults and many of the Anabaptists were martyred. The Amish remember these martyrs in their prayers and religious services. About 70 percent of the U.S. Amish live in three states- Ohio, Pennsylvania, and Indiana. The Holmes/Wayne County, Ohio settlement is the largest; followed by Lancaster County, Pennsylvania; Elkhart/LaGrange County, Indiana; and Geauga County, Ohio. Ohio has the largest Amish population in the world. There are numerous smaller Amish communities scattered throughout Ohio and the Midwest. The Amish have large families (an average of seven children) and a high church member retention rate (about 80 percent), so each decade of the Amish has increased by 30 to 48 percent. The current Amish population is estimated at 192,000. The larger Anabaptist population (Amish, Brethern, Hutterite, and Mennonite) is estimated to be 850,000.

97. All Sides Of The Story Evidence also showed that the amish hold strong religious beliefs such thatsending their children to high school would endanger the salvation of both http://www.teachingreligion.com/legal/yoder.html

Quick Guide to Legal Issues History of Legal Issues Legal Scenarios What is a Religion? ... Glossary of Terms Wisconsin v. Yoder, 406 U.S. 205 (1972) Facts of the Case: Jonas Yoder, Wallace Miller, and Adin Yutzy, members of two Amish religious groups were convicted of violating the Wisconsin compulsory school-attendance law (requiring school attendance until the year a child turns the age of sixteen) by not sending their children to any public or private high school after eighth grade graduation. They were prosecuted for violating the Wisconsin school-attendance law. The three parents refused to send their children to public high schools because they believed that such attendance was against their religious beliefs. Question Presented: Did the Wisconsin school-attendance requirement violate the First Amendment by criminalizing parents' conduct for refusing to send their children to school for religious reasons? Court Decision: State Arguments against the Respondents: The State has a high interest in universal education, seen as necessary to

98. Culture And Personality (Psychological Anthropology) University Of Minnesota Dul Mennonite historian John Ruth takes us sympathetically into the amish mindset.Dr. John A. Hostetler, author of amish Society, comments on the survival http://www.d.umn.edu/cla/faculty/troufs/anth4616/video/Amish.html

Tim Roufs A B C ... Culture and Personality (Psychological Anthropology) Week: Spring 2005 Calendar Spring 2006 Calendar 18 September 2005 Today in History Today in Headlines UM One Stop more on J-Store Course Information Assignments Case Study Course Summary Exams FAQs Goals Grades ~ grading policies Office Hours, etc. Overview Requirements Site Information Site Map Special Facilities Syllabus Table of Contents Text Term Paper Videos Case Study A CP Personality Other Useful Sites Other CP Sites Anth in the News Ethos WWW Virtual Library Anth Resources on the Net E-mail us Society for PA Tim Roufs' Page Maps Search this page Search UMD's pages Translation Services Useful Web Sites The World Fact Book Your Nation Country Briefings Magic Eye Science, Optics The Amish: People of Preservation (VC 3244, Revised 1996 edition, 54 min.) Abstract Terms / Concepts Notes Reviews ... back "The Amish, in the year 2000, keep surprising their technology-programmed neighbors by keeping alive ways and beliefs that many modern Americans wish they could recapture. In this colorful, updated documentary, Mennonite historian John Ruth takes us sympathetically into the Amish mindset. Dr. John A. Hostetler, author of

99. Amish The National Committee For amish Religious Freedom promotes religious freedomfor the amish. See http//holycrosslivonia.org/amish/ http://www.chaplaincare.navy.mil/Amish.htm

Amish History During the Reformation in 16th Century Europe, Luther and Calvin promoted the concepts of individual freedom and the priesthood of all believers. In what has been called "the radical reformation" , some religious reformers took these beliefs to their logical conclusion; they preached that the believer should separate themselves from all secular activities. One of the largest groups, the Anabaptists promoted: baptism during adulthood after confession of faith, instead of during infancy the total separation of religion from and state worship services in the home rather than at church The religious movements that they founded are called "free churches" as contrasted to the state churches which were normal for the time. Their groups were simple associations of adult Christians. Most groups were wiped out in wars or programs of genocide which were organized by various governments, and both the main-line Protestant and Roman Catholic churches. The Mennonites are named after Menno Simons (1496-1561), a Dutch Anabaptist leader. They were severely persecuted and fled to Switzerland and other more remote areas of Europe. The Amish began as a split-off sect of the Swiss Mennonites during the late 17th century. Their founder was Jacob Amman, who based his beliefs and practices on the writings of Simons and on the 1632 Mennonite

100. Mercer County, PA | Attractions: Amish Country The amish are a religious group who live in settlements in 22 states and Ontario, The National Committee For amish Religious Freedom promotes religious http://www.mercercountypa.org/things-2-do/attractions/amish-country.html

The Amish Country links listed below are located in the Mercer County area and any additional information about any of the locations can be obtained by contacting us or if you have a business to add contact us at mccvb@mercercountypa.org Who are the Amish? Are they the same as the Pennsylvania Dutch? The Amish are a religious group who live in settlements in 22 states and Ontario, Canada. The oldest group of Old Order Amish, about 16-18,000 people live in Lancaster County, Pennsylvania. The Amish stress humility, family and community, and separation from the world. Although Lancaster Amish are Pennsylvania Dutch, all Pennsylvania Dutch are not Amish. The Pennsylvania Dutch are natives of Central Pennsylvania, particularly Lancaster and its surrounding counties. Unlike the Amish, they are not all one religion. Instead, their common bond is a mainly German background (Pennsylvania Dutch is actually Pennsylvania Deutsch, or German). They also have Welsh, English, Scottish, Swiss, and French ancestry. What is the history of the Amish?

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