81. The Philippines ceded to the US in 1899 by the Treaty of Paris after the Spanishamerican War . Following the fall of gen. Douglas MacArthur s forces at Bataan and http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0107887.html

in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 18, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Hispanic Heritage Month Hurricane Katrina Daylight Saving Time Ramadan ... Mississippi Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips World Countries The Philippines Infoplease Atlas: The Philippines Republic of the Philippines National name: Republika ng Pilipinas President: Gloria Macapagal Arroyo (2001) Area: 115,830 sq mi (300,000 sq km) Population (2005 est.): 87,857,473 (growth rate: 1.8%); birth rate: 25.3/1000; infant mortality rate: 23.5/1000; life expectancy: 69.9; density per sq mi: 759 Capital and largest city (2003 est.): Manila, 13,790,900 (metro. area), 10,232,900 (city proper) Other large cities: Quezon City (2000 est.), 1,669,776 (part of Manila metro. area); Cebu (2003 est.), 761,900 Monetary unit: Peso Languages: Filipino (based on Tagalog), English (both official); eight major dialects: Tagalog, Cebuano, Ilocano, Hiligaynon or Ilonggo, Bicol, Waray, Pampango, and Pangasinense

82. Military Unifrom Prints Art prints featuring military uniforms from Napoleonic wars, american civil war, Crimena, Zulu, and Boer wars. http://www.military-uniforms.com/

Click image to view catalogue information Recommended gift website of the month click here Post Information What is an Artists Proof? ... Join Mailing List Military art prints site dedicated to military uniform plates from ancient times to modern armed forces. Each type of uniform period, army and artist are shown using the side bar galleries. A majority of these superb prints are published by Cranston Fine Arts. THIS SITE IS BEING REBUILT OVER THE NEXT FOUR - FIVE DAYS. PLEASE BEAR WITH US AS WE CARRY OUT THIS ESSENTIAL MAINTENANCE. IN THE MEANTIME, ALL OUR UNIFORM PRINTS AVAILABLE VIA OUR SHOPPING CART SYSTEM CAN BE FOUND BY CLICKING HERE CRANSTON FINE ARTS THE MILITARY ART PRINT COMPANY, CELEBRATING 20 YEARS PUBLISHING HISTORICAL ART PRINTS. 1984 Torwood House, Torwoodhill Road, Rhu, Helensburgh, Scotland G84 8LE. Tel (44) (0) 1436 820269 e-mail address: OUR MAILBOX Use the links on left to navigate to the section of interest: Click text below to view large image or purchase this item in our shop Small Open Edition Art Print Original Chromolithograph Art Print Sir Roger De Trumpington Antique print image size 9" x 11". Price £195.

83. MD-Veterans For anyone with a genealogical interest in those who signed up for military service in Maryland and/or participated in military operations in Maryland during the Indian wars, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, Spanish american War, and World War I. http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/other/Military/MD-VETERANS.html

84. Korean War US POW's In Soviet Jails A news story on american prisoners of wars captured during the Korean War and sent to Soviet prisons and labor camps. http://www.kimsoft.com/korea/mia-russ.htm

Korean War US POW's in Soviet Jails By JAMES BROOKE July 19, 1996, The New York Times Khabarovsk, Russia Time has stooped Vladimir Trotsenko's shoulders, but his memories are as clear as his cobalt blue eyes: the American flyer, his right arm in a new cast, in a Soviet military hospital ward. The American, he recalled, would slowly re peat, "America San Francisco, Cleveland, Los Angeles, Chicago." Curious, Trotsenko, a paratrooper recovering from a knee injury, would hobble down the third-floor hospital corridor to gaze at the four imprisoned Americans. The airman with the broken arm would point to a crewman in a body cast and would make cradling m otions with his arms, indicating that the man had left two small children back home. The year was 1951, and the place was Military Hospital 404 in Novosysoyevka, 300 miles south of here. Stalin was in his last years, the Korean War was raging, and the Cold War with the United States was on. "I did not talk about this for 43 years," Trotsenko, spry at 68, said as his wife, Nina, served blini and borscht at their wooden dacha outside this city, the largest industrial center of Russia's Far East. In 1994, he noticed a small advertisement in a local newspaper placed by a new group, a Russian-American commission on prisoners of war. Admitting that he was "tortured" about whether "to call or not to call," he finally did.

85. GEN WASHINGTON'S BATTLE ENGAGEMENTS IN 1776 - Archiving Early America In June of 1776 a large British war fleet led by gen. Two weeks later theBritish forces under gen. Howe captured the american garrison at Fort http://earlyamerica.com/earlyamerica/maps/map1/

Click to receive a 180K JPEG enlargement) G eneral W ashington's B attle E ngagements in 1776 A Map of the Progress of His Majesty's Armies in New York Printed in 1777 Showing George Washington's Defeats In 1776 Abstract T his original map was printed in 1777 in England during the Revolutionary War. Appearing in Gentleman's magazine, it measures 8" by 12 1/2". It is in excellent condition and represents a rare artifact from the War of Independence. T his map is historically significant because it depicts England's greatest successes during the campaign of 1776. In particular, it highlights the battles of Long Island and White Plains. T he map is also unusual in that it shows battle losses by America's greatest military commander, George Washington. Various places on the map are imprinted with such captions as: "Gen. Howe Landed Aug. 22"....."Provincials defeated Aug. 27"......"Retreat of the Rebels"...."Provincials drowned here" (near the Red Hook area of Brooklyn). G reat Britain placed General William Howe in charge of the greatest army England ever sent overseas, forces superior to any the Americans could put in the field. In June of 1776 a large British war fleet led by Gen. Howe sailed into New York harbor, the forerunner of an ambitious invasion plan. A month later an army of 10,000 men landed on Staten Island, unopposed by the Americans. All during July and August British reinforcements continued their build-up until Howe was in command of a combined force of 32,000 men, of whom 9000 were German mercenaries.

86. Centenarians: Lives Of A Century Ten american centenarians, all born before 1900, look back on a century that spanned Depression, world wars, and the advent of airplanes and automobiles. http://www.csmonitor.com/atcsmonitor/specials/centenarians/

INTRODUCTION MELANIE STETSON FREEMAN DAVID HOLMSTROM Ten Americans, born before 1900, look back on a century that spanned the Depression, world wars, and the advent of airplanes and automobiles To a large degree, the centenarians in the following pages belong to the Sir Winston Churchill school of aging. "We are happier in many ways when we are old than when we were young," Churchill said in his later years. "The young sow wild oats. The old grow sage." The centenarians included here are handpicked "sage growers," beautifully wise as individuals. They are also splendid representatives of a trend in the United States. The number of centenarians is increasing dramatically. Today, the US Census Bureau puts the figure at around 65,000, up from 36,000 in 1990. In 20 years, the number could reach 200,000. To mark this growing bounty, the Monitor's editors decided to create a collection of portraits of 100-year-olds in photos and words. Those interviewed - who came from rural and urban backgrounds - shared a sense of humor, much interest in the here-and-now, a strong work ethic, and a refusal to dwell on past hurts or regrets. By example, the "sage growers" in these pages lead the way into a new century.

87. MO-Veterans For anyone with a genealogical interest in those who signed up for military service in Missouri and/or participated in military operations in Missouri during the Indian wars, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, Spanish american War, and World War I. http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/other/Military/MO-VETERANS.html

88. Alexandria, VA - Fort Ward Museum - Themes From The Past Read this intriguing account of Native american contributions to the war effortfor a At the end of the war, gen. Stand Watie was the last to surrender, http://oha.ci.alexandria.va.us/fortward/special-sections/americans/

Themes from the Past Introduction Allegiance to the Federal Government Civil War Within the Cherokee Nation In the East ... Sources of Information and Illustrations Swearing in of Native Indians recruits. Credit: State Historical Society of Wisconsin INTRODUCTION At a time when fear of removal from tribal homelands permeated Native American communities, many native people served in the military during the Civil War. These courageous men fought with distinction, knowing they might jeopardize their freedom, unique cultures, and ancestral lands if they ended up on the losing side of the white man's war. In an interesting twist of history, General Ely S. Parker, a member of the Seneca tribe, drew up the articles of surrender which General Robert E. Lee signed at Appomattox Court House on April 9, 1865. Gen. Parker, who served as Gen. Ulysses S. Grant's military secretary and was a trained attorney, was once rejected for Union military service because of his race. At Appomattox, Lee is said to have remarked to Parker, "I am glad to see one real American here," to which Parker replied, "We are all Americans." Read this intriguing account of Native American contributions to the war effort for a fuller understanding of what the conflict meant to "all Americans."

89. Website Store - Spanish American War Books, reports, manuals and more related to the Spanish american War of 1898 This book gives information on Dewey s life, the war for the Philippines, http://www.spanamwar.com/storespanam.htm

Spanish American War/ Philippine American War Department! Books, reports, manuals and more related to the Spanish American War of 1898 (and the Philippine American War of 1898-1902). Dewey's Flagship, OLYMPIA needs your help!! Click here to learn how you can help! Plans and Drawings Reports Manuals and similar items Books ... Check on Amazon.com for what you want! Spanish American War Plans, Drawings! Item 4013 - Plan and Profile of the MAINE - A reprint of a rare 1894 drawing of the Battleship MAINE from the Navy Department's Bureau of Construction and Repair. This drawing, done at a scale of 1/16" per foot, shows the plan of MAINE's maine deck, and a full profile of the starboard side of the ship. The plan indicates things such as the angle through which some of the guns can turn and fire, boat locations, etc. In the lower right is a table giving the statistics of the ship (length, displacement, speed, etc. as well as a listing of armament). The original drawing is light in some areas, and therefore so is the blueprinted reprint. The size of the drawing is about 22"x30". Cost: $10.00 To order a copy

90. History Hotline - American History, World History, The Past, Historical Document Offers 16th 17th, 18th and 19th century European and american history including from Native americans thru African american Slavery, the americans Revolution and all of America's wars up until the present time. http://www.HistoryHotline.com

American history was built on a chronological record of significant events, each event having a cause and subsequent effect on another event. Historical events are presented in history as being tangible, being tied to a date, or an exact happening. Offers 16th 17th, 18th and 19th century European and American history including from Native Americans thru African American Slavery, the Americans Revolution and all of America's Wars up until the present time. American History American West Amistad Ancient Ancient Egypt Ancient Greece Ancient Japan Archives Barbarians Byzantine Empire Historical Documents ... Quotes Renaissance Roman Empire Timelines The 20th Century The United States of America Chronology ... US Vice Presidents Vikings Wonders of the World 7 Wonders of the World Veterans Abraham Lincoln ... Age of Imperialism - http://www.smplanet.com/imperialism/toc.html During the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, the United States pursued an aggressive policy of expansionism, extending its political and economic influence around the globe. That pivotal era in the history of our nation is the subject of this on-line history.

91. AR-Veterans For anyone with a genealogical interest in those who signed up for military service in Arkansas and/or participated in military operations in Arkansas during the Indian wars, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, Spanish american War, and World War I. http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/other/Military/AR-VETERANS.html

92. The Society Of Colonial Wars In Connecticut - Home Page Colonial lineage society chartered and incorporated under the State Laws in 1893 with the objectives to perpetuate the memory of events in american Colonial History and of the people in military and civil positions who assisted in the establishment, defense and preservation of the american Colonies from the founding of Jamestown in 1607 up to the Battle of Lexington in 1775. Provides membership application and requirements, goals , objects, and programs, history, and ancestral search. http://www.colonialwarsct.org

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93. John M. Gates, Ch. 3, The Pacification Of The Philippines - Title Experience in the decadesold 'Indian wars' in the american west served the US Army veterans well in the war against Philippine irregulars in the 1899-1902 war. By John M. Gates. http://www.wooster.edu/history/jgates/book-ch3.html

Return to Table of Contents JOHN M. GATES, THE U.S. ARMY AND IRREGULAR WARFARE, CHAPTER THREE THE PACIFICATION OF THE PHILIPPINES Of the U. S. Army's early encounters with irregulars, none is more relevant to contemporary concerns than the army's campaign in the Philippines at the end of the nineteenth century, and my study of the Philippine-American War provided the foundation for much of my thinking on irregular warfare. I began research on the topic in 1964 when I embarked upon a Ph.D. program at Duke University. At the time the army's successful campaign in the Philippines stood in marked contrast to its then stalemated efforts in Vietnam. I finished my thesis in 1967, and over the next two years I revised the manuscript for publication in the Greenwood Press military history series. Although I sent the completed book manuscript to the publisher in 1970, publication was delayed until 1973. I have no idea why publication took so long, but I have always suspected that someone at the press did not want to bring out the book until American participation in the Vietnam War had ended. Praising the U. S. Army, even for work done more than a half century before, was bound to prove controversial, as it has. Since 1973 I have revised my views on the Philippine campaign to incorporate the work of other scholars and new research of my own. The first formal opportunity to present an updated analysis came in 1980 when I was invited to participate in the United States Air Force Academy's Ninth Military History Symposium. I revised the symposium paper, "The Pacification of the Philippines, 1898-1902,"

94. GA-Veterans For anyone with a genealogical interest in those who signed up for military service in Georgia and/or participated in military operations in Georgia during the Indian wars, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, Spanish american War, and World War I. http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/other/Military/GA-VETERANS.html

95. ReferenceResources:AmericanRevolution The Patriot Resource information about the entire Revolutionary War, Tour ofthe american Revolutionary War Causes, battles, and biographies, http://www.kidinfo.com/American_History/American_Revolution.html

Reference Resources: American Revolution History Search Engine HistoryBuff : Search for resources and information about the American Revolution The American Revolution A Journey Towards Freedom An online reference tool and a forum for discussion on American History around the time of the Revolution (1763-1810); an illustrated tour of Valley Forge and Washington's Crossing. Visit these historic sites online in the Infopedia and get a feel for how it might have felt to be a soldier at the time of the Revolution All About the American Revolution: Links to informational sites about the American Revolution American Revolution - The Struggle for Independence: Your guide to some of the most informative and useful Web sites that cover the American Revolution Account of a Declaration Over thirty historical documents, sixty-seven biographical sketches, and some twenty-five essays about the causes and circumstances of the American Revolution The American Revolution People, Documents, Events, Resources

96. KS-Veterans For anyone with a genealogical interest in those who signed up for military service in Kansas and/or participated in military operations in Kansas during the Indian wars, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, Spanish american War, and World War I. http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/other/Military/KS-VETERANS.html

97. Civil War Women - Internet Sources Given the wealth of information about the Civil War already on the Internet African american preparing cotton for the gin on Smith s plantation in 1861. http://scriptorium.lib.duke.edu/women/cwdocs.html

C IVIL W AR W OMEN Primary Sources on the Internet Diaries, Letters, Documents Photographs and Prints As a result of the Duke bibliography Women and the Civil War , we consistently receive requests from students and teachers who would like to see primary sources on this topic available to them via the Internet. In response, we have begun to transcribe and scan some of our manuscript collections which document women's experiences in the Civil War. Given the wealth of information about the Civil War already on the Internet, there is a relatively small amount of material that reflects women's lives and experiences during this time period. Below are links to primary sources on the Internet that are directly related to women and the Civil War. We encourage archivists, project staff, and Civil War enthusiasts to network more women's collections! Tell us about other sites to add to this list! DIARIES, LETTERS, and other DOCUMENTS Alice Williamson Diary, 1864 Diary of a 16 year old rebel girl living in Gallatin, Tennessee during Union occupation of the area. Transcription and scanned image of original document held by the Special Collections Library at Duke University. Rose O'Neal Greenhow Papers, 1861-1864

98. Team Run Amok - Discovery / TLC Robotica Grand Champions american competitors in Robot wars and Robotica provide photos and answer questions about their heavyweight combat robots. http://www.open.org/~joerger/robotica.html

Popular! Antbotica Who Won? Transmitter Tips Robotica Teams ... Hall of Fame Run Amok The Origin Story F.A.Q. Mini Run Amok? Run Amok Model ... Favorite Photo More 'bots Mind 'The Gap' Antweight Victory DaVinci Days Street Fight! Robot Tips Guide to Gyros 4QD ESC Tips Futaba Transmitter Combat Robot Book Reviews ... Robot Riots! Robot Wars R.W. Journal G4/TechTV Official Site Friends... The Competitors Team Jawbreaker Tanya Memme 8ack Combat For Fun Virtual Run Amok Sound Clips Robot Puzzle Brio Ancestor ... RW Screen Saver Media Coverage Salem Newspaper 'The Gap' press Press Release Inside ODOT Contact Team Run Amok: Run Amok Store Hats and Video! Video on CD Combat Robot Kits Four different robot kits are now available from Battlekits.com . They range from the 30-pound feather weight class to the 340-pound super heavy weight class. Yes, other kits have beeen available in the past, but these are designed and marketed by Carlo Bertocchini driving force behind six-time heavyweight champion Biohazard. They're the real thing. As a bonus, if you win competition with one, Carlo will refund the cost of the basic kit! See the site for details. Combat Robot Hall of Fame In 2003 I celebrated the 9th anniversary of the first Robot Wars competition in San Francisco by polling members of the robot community to select the initial inductees to the Combat Robot Hall of Fame. Twenty-five robots from both sides of the Atlantic were selected based on:

99. SC-Veterans For anyone with a genealogical interest in those who signed up for military service in South Carolina and/or participated in military operations in South Carolina during the Indian wars, Revolutionary War, War of 1812, Civil War, Spanish american War, and World War I. http://lists.rootsweb.com/index/other/Military/SC-VETERANS.html

100. "An Army Of One?" By Gen. Wesley Clark In the war on terrorism, alliances are not an obstacle to victory. Yet thisis a threat that the american military can do little to combat. http://www.washingtonmonthly.com/features/2001/0209.clark.html

Respond to this Article September 2002 An Army of One? In the war on terrorism, alliances are not an obstacle to victory. They're the key to it. By Gen. Wesley Clark A few days after September 11, I happened to be walking the halls of the Pentagon, the scene of so many contentious meetings during my years as commander of NATO forces in Europe, and ran into an old acquaintance, now a senior official. We chatted briefly about TV coverage of the crisis and the impending operations in Afghanistan. At his invitation, I began to share some thoughts about how we had waged the Kosovo war by working within NATObut he cut me off. "We read your book," he scoffed. "And no one is going to tell us where we can or can't bomb." That was exactly how the United States proceeded. Of course, the campaign in Afghanistan, as it unfolded, wasn't an all-American show. The United States sought and won help from an array of countries: basing rights in Central Asian states and in Pakistan; some shared intelligence from Pakistan, Saudi Arabia, and other Muslim states; diplomatic backing from Russia and China; air and naval support from France; naval refueling from Japan; special forces from the United Kingdom, and so on. But unlike the Kosovo campaign, where NATO provided a structured consultation and consensus-shaping process, allied support in this war took the form of a "floating" or "flexible" coalition. Countries supported the United States in the manner and to the extent they felt possible, but without any pretenses of sharing in major decisions. European leaders sought to be more involved. At the Europeans' urging, NATO even declaredinvoking, for the first time, Article V of its founding treatythat the attack on the United States represented an attack on every member. But even so, Washington bypassed and essentially marginalized the alliance. The United Nations was similarly sidelined.

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