41. Alternative Fuels -- There's Even More You Should Know About Cleaner Vehicles The next generation of alternative fuels includes fuel cells. Cleanerfueled vehicles are in use today. To achieve widespread use, technologies must be http://www.californialung.org/spotlight/cleanair02_alt.html

May is Clean Air Month! May 2002 Cleaner Fuels What are Cleaner Fuels? Reduce Air Pollution and Get Your Reduced Rental Rate or Purchase Price for an Electric, Natural Gas or Hybrid Car Now! The most familiar transportation fuels in this country are gasoline and diesel fuel, but many other energy sources are capable of powering motor vehicles. These include electricity, natural gas, fuel cells, ethanol, methanol and propane. Each one has advantages and disadvantages, but all of them have the potential to produce less air pollution than gasoline or diesel fuel. This is true even compared to a newer, cleaner car with the latest emission control technology. Why Switch to Cleaner Fuels? Cars operating on today's gasolines emit complex mixtures of compounds that lead to the formation of ground-level ozone, and many of these compounds are also toxic. A lot has been done to reduce automobile pollution, from development of innovative emission control technologies like catalytic converters, to the establishment of inspection and maintenance programs. But each year there are more cars on the road, traveling more miles, and the pollution control measures taken so far have not been sufficient to solve the ozone problem in many cities. Diesel-powered vehicles are small in numbers compared to the total vehicles in California, but diesel engines account for 40 percent of the total nitrogen oxide emissions and about 60 percent of the total particulate matter from mobile sources. Diesel is also a major contributor to ozone air pollution in California, but diesel-powered vehicles have not been subject to the same stringent emission controls and testing requirements as gasoline-powered cars.

42. Executive Order 12844, Alternative Fuel Vehicles The use of alternative fueled motor vehicles can, in some applications, alternative fueled Vehicle Requirements. The Federal Government shall acquire, http://www.denix.osd.mil/denix/Public/ES-Programs/Pollution/Energy/note1.html

43. Alternative Fuels Program The alternative Fuels Program promotes the use of alternative transportation CPS began fueling 130 Flexfueled vehicles (FFVs) 37 percent of its http://www.seco.cpa.state.tx.us/alt.html

Home Alt Fuels Links Funding Opportunities SECO Workshops ... Publications Alternative Fuels Program The Alternative Fuels Program promotes the use of alternative transportation fuels in Texas through demonstrating their positive environmental impact, technical feasibility and energy efficiency. Originally designed to assist state agencies under legislative mandate to operate a percentage of their fleets on alternative fuels, the program is currently more inclusive. Program initiatives include providing administrative support for the Texas Alternative Fuels Council and the Clean Cities program, financial assistance in developing a secondary school course curriculum in energy basics and alternative fuels, and funding for a training and certification program to educate mechanics on the technical aspects of alternative fuel vehicles. For more information, emai

44. The Boston Foundation - Indicators Project In 2000, with 5784 alternativefueled vehicles, Massachusetts ranked 30th out of 50 states, 5.4.2a.so alternative fuel vehicles New England, 2000-2002 http://www.tbf.org/indicators/environment/indicators.asp?id=1180&fID=218&fname=S

45. EERE: Clean Cities Home Page which develop public/private partnerships to promote alternative fuels and vehicles, fuel blends, fuel economy, hybrid vehicles, and idle reduction. http://www.eere.energy.gov/cleancities/

Search Help More Search Options Search Site Map EERE Information Center The mission of the Clean Cities Program is to advance the nation's economic, environmental, and energy security by supporting local decisions to adopt practices that contribute to the reduction of petroleum consumption. Clean Cities carries out this mission through a network of more than 80 volunteer coalitions, which develop public/private partnerships to promote alternative fuels and vehicles, fuel blends, fuel economy, hybrid vehicles, and idle reduction. Clean Cities is part of the Office of Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy's Weatherization and Intergovernmental Program Clean Cities Technology Areas: Printable Version Webmaster EERE Home U.S. Department of Energy Content Last Updated: 03/08/2005

46. The Alternative-fuel Vehicle Directory A student s hypertext guide to alternative fuel vehicles. Energy Related Email Lists Includes alternative fuel vehicles and hybrid electrics http://www.vwc.edu/wwwpages/gnoe/avd.htm

The Alternative-fuel Vehicle Directory This page will be revised and updated in 2006. If you're also interested in solar energy, you might visit the author's new (September 2005) solar links and publications page at www.solarpubs.net This directory includes links to alternative fuel Web sites. There are EV conversions, the electrochemistry of batteries and fuel cells, U.S. Government research sites, university hybrid projects, regional EV associations and international automobile manufacturers, among others. Note: This page is no longer being updated. Thank you for visiting. A B C D ... Z A ABCs of AFVs: A Guide to Alternative Fuel Vehicles The 5th Edition (in PDF format) from the California Energy Commission Alien Scooters "Out Of This World Transportation" All Electronics Corp. "Buying and Selling New and Surplus Electronics Parts and Supplies" AlternateFuels.com "Bringing you flexible fuel automobiles and the home based filling stations of tomorrow!" Alternative fuel activity book...

47. Alternative Fuel & High Efficiency Vehicles This page is the main page for the Commission s alternative fuel vehicle and high effficiency vehicle Programs. http://www.energy.ca.gov/afvs/

Go to Content Go to Page Navigation Go to Page Updated Information Go to Footer ... Transportation Energy Division Main Page Special Projects Governor's Hydrogen Highway Initiative Clean Cities Coalition Non-Petroleum Fuel Working Groups AFV PROGRAMS Carl Moyer Heavy-Duty Advanced Technology Development Program Carl Moyer Heavy-Duty Fuel Infrastructure Demonstration Program Clean Diesel Program Clean Fuel Infrastructure Program ... School Bus Demo Program (Replacement and Infrastructure) Consumer Information Alternative Transportation Fuels Fact Sheets ConsumerEnergyCenter.org Drive Clean California (Zero and Near-Zero Emissions Vehicle Guide) AFDC / Clean Cities Vehicle Buyers Guide AFVS and FUELING FACILITIES FOR AFVS AFDC / Clean Cities Vehicle Buyers Guide Clean Car Maps - (Fueling Sites in California from Calstart) National Alternative Fuels Data Center - (NREL) Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFVs) and High-Efficiency Vehicles California Energy Commission ANNOUNCEMENTS To Be Announced General Information The State of California has supported the development of alternative transportation fuels (fuels other than gasoline or diesel) since the creation of the Energy Commission in 1975. Earlier programs included demonstration programs with vehicles using "neat" ethanol and methanol; infrastructure development for methanol/gasoline blends - M85; support for flexible fuel, natural gas and electric vehicles.

48. Resource Guide: Infrastructure For Alternative Fuel Vehicles About 75000 alternative fuel vehicles are already in use in California, and their numbers For more information on alternative fuel vehicles, contact http://www.energy.ca.gov/reports/afvguide.html

Resource Guide: Infrastructure for Alternative Fuel Vehicles California Energy Commission 1516 Ninth Street Sacramento, CA 95814 June 1995 Publication No.: P500-95-004 Note: Copies of this report are available from the California Energy Commission's Publications Unit. Please send a check or money order for $4.00 - ask for publication number P500-05-004 - to: California Energy Commission Publications Unit 1516 Ninth Street, MS-13 Sacramento, CA 95814 Preface The public's need for cleaner air resulted in legislation and regulation that promote the introduction of alternative fuel vehicles into California's marketplace. The California Energy Commission has developed this Resource Guide to inform local governments and fleet operators of the infrastructure needed to support alternative fuel vehicles. Through this effort, the California Energy Commission hopes to facilitate alternative fuel vehicle acquisition and consistent regulatory treatment of alternative fuel vehicle fueling and charging stations statewide. This guide was developed in response to a recommendation put forth in the California Energy Commission's Calfuels Plan: Developing an Infrastructure Plan for Alternative Fuel Vehicles (Commission Publication number P500-94- 002, available by calling 916-654-5200).

49. Covering Electric, Hybrid, Fuel Cell, Natural Gas, Propane, Hydrogen And Biofuel Newsletter and books with news and information of electric, hybrid and alternative fuel vehicles, including fuel cells, natural gas and other clean fuels http://www.altfuels.com/

Newsletters Books Current Issue Archive Industry Reports Industry Directory Events Calendar Links Glossary Press Room Contact Us Contact a Customer Service Representative Order a Subscription Order a Book Request a Complimentary Newsletter Register for Online Access Clean Cities Program Login Alternative Fuel Vehicle Group Your source for news and information on the rapid advances in natural gas, biofuel, battery-electric, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles. Newsletters The Alternative Fuel Vehicle Group newsletters are the most widely read and respected publications covering alternative fuel vehicles. Each newsletter includes a searchable archive of back issues. AltFuels Advisor covers all alternative fuel vehicles including natural gas, propane, hydrogen and biofuels. covers battery, hybrid and fuel cell vehicles. Email News Alerts Free e-newsletters provide brief summaries of key articles from our print publications. AltFuels Email News Alert Books NEW! An illustrated history of electric and hybrid cars, covering their development, marketing, and the political and social controversies surrounding their use. The Electric Car.

50. EPA - OTAQ - Clean Fuel Fleets (Alternative Fuels, Calif. Pilot Program) CERTIFIED alternative FUEL and/or CLEANFUEL FLEET vehicles. Light-Duty vehicles. Listing of vehicles that are certified to NLEV (National Low-Emission http://www.epa.gov/otaq/cff.htm

Cars and Light Trucks Recent Additions Contact Us Print Version Search: EPA Home Transportation and Air Quality On-road Vehicles and Engines Cars and Light Trucks ... Gas Saving and Emission Reduction Devices Evaluation Clean Fuel Fleets (Alternative Fuels, Calif. Pilot Program) This Web page provides links to information about the Clean Fuel Fleet Program (CFFP) including lists of certified alternative fuel vehicles, lists of certified heavy-duty engines and EPA regulations and guidance. Certified Vehicles Certified Heavy-Duty Engines Regulations/Guidance Also see: [ Fuels Methanol ], and [ Manufacturer Guidance Letters About Portable Document Format Files CERTIFIED ALTERNATIVE FUEL and/or CLEAN-FUEL FLEET VEHICLES: Light-Duty Vehicles Listing of vehicles that are certified to NLEV (National Low-Emission Vehicle) standards. The majority of these engine families are certified for use in California and CAA Part 177 states. These lists reflect the vehicles which have been officially certified at the time the file was updated.

51. Federal Trade Commission Two FTC Rules the alternative Fuels and vehicles (AFV) Rule and the Fuel Rating AFVs are vehicles that operate on alternative fuels, such as methanol, http://www.ftc.gov/bcp/conline/pubs/autos/fuelffc.htm

Search: Facts for Consumers PDF Version Consider the Alternatives: Alternative Fueled Vehicles and Alternative Vehicle Fuels Driving a car fueled by something other than gasoline or diesel fuel is no longer the stuff of science fiction. In addition to conventional gasoline and diesel fuel, reformulated - cleaner - gasoline and alternative fuels now are sold in many parts of the country. Alternative fuels such as methanol, ethanol, compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, and electricity produce fewer tail pipe pollutants than conventional gasoline and diesel fuel. Using them could improve our air quality. This brochure explains the labels you'll see on alternative fueled vehicles and alternative fuel dispensers, and suggests several important factors to consider as you investigate the options. Alternative Fueled Vehicles AFVs are vehicles that operate on alternative fuels, such as methanol, ethanol, compressed natural gas, liquefied petroleum gas, electricity, and others designated by the U.S. Department of Energy. Some AFVs can run on conventional fuels, such as gasoline, and alternative fuels. They are called dual-fueled vehicles.

52. FACT SHEET: Alternative Fuel Vehicles alternative Fuel vehicles Current as of May 2005 alternative Fuel vehicles Overview To reduce and control air pollution emissions from mobile sources, http://www.afcee.brooks.af.mil/pro-act/fact/july01.asp

AFCEE Home Search Personnel Entire PROACT Site CrossTalks Fact Sheets Technical Inquiries Success Stories Search Tips List Fact Sheets Select Year All Issues Select Category Air Quality Environmental Mgmt. Sys. Environmental Restoration EPCRA Hazardous Waste Natural/Cultural Rsrcs Pollution Prevention Regulatory Guidance Solid Waste Management Water Quality Alternative Fuel Vehicles Current as of May 2005 Alternative Fuel Vehicles - Overview Vehicle Conversions Additional Information... Transportation Alternatives Alternative Fuel Vehicles - Overview To reduce and control air pollution emissions from mobile sources, the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) developed a strategy that employs the acquisition and use of alternative fueled vehicles. Under the Clean Air Act (CAA) Amendments of 1990, the EPA calls for reductions of air borne toxic chemicals by utilizing clean fuel vehicles (CFVs) that operate on clean burning fuel, instead of conventional petroleum-based fuels. Furthermore, the Department of Energy under the Energy Policy Act (EPAct) of 1992 mandates the acquisition of alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) to decrease America's dependence on petroleum-based products. Both the CAA and EPAct provide regulations governing the utilization of alternative or clean fuel vehicles, therefore both federal statutes may apply to fleet operations. For a comparison of AFV requirements between these two statutes see Table 1.0. In addition, Executive Order 13149 mandates the federal government to reduce petroleum consumption by utilizing AFVs, requiring agencies operating 20 or more vehicles to reduce the annual consumption of petroleum by 20% by the end of Fiscal Year (FY) 2005, using FY 1999 as the baseline. These mandates for fleet operations to acquire AFVs can be met by purchasing, leasing, or converting vehicles currently operating on conventional gasoline.

53. Alternatively Fueled Vehicles Alternatively fueled vehicles. Today s teenagers are among the first generation that will have real choices about the kinds of fuel used in new cars. http://www.nsc.org/ehc/mobile/alternat.htm

Environmental Health Center Section 3: Alternatively Fueled Vehicles Today's teenagers are among the first generation that will have real choices about the kinds of fuel used in new cars. Domestic and import automakers have been developing a range of alternative-fuel vehicles, and those are expected to be available in showrooms over the coming years. By 1999, in California at least 500,000 clean-fuel cars will be available for sale each year. In addition, some companies and governments with fleets of cars are required to buy the new cleaner cars. The 1990 Clean Air Act Amendments (CAAA) require gasoline refiners to reformulate gasoline sold in the smoggiest areas. Reformulated gasoline reduces emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) and contains less benzene than conventional gasoline. Some areas are required to provide oxyfuel (gas with more oxygen added decreases fuel economy) to burn more efficiently and reduce carbon monoxide. All fuels are required to contain detergents to reduce pollutants. The CAAA also encourages the development of alternative fuels, such as alcohols, liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and natural gas, and requires automakers to build some cars that use cleaner fuels. 1. Electric Vehicles

54. MoDNR - Energy Center-Alternative Fuels And Vehicles Department of Natural Resources Energy Center, Information concerning natural resource conservation. http://www.dnr.mo.gov/energy/transportation/altfuels.htm

Divisions and Programs Administrative Support Air and Land Protection Air Pollution Control Environmental Services Hazardous Waste Land Reclamation Solid Waste Mgmt. Administration Geological Survey Land Survey Water Resources Energy Center Environmental Assistance State Historic Preservation State Parks and Historic Sites Regional and Satellite Offices Water Protection Home Page Site Map Help Forms and Permits ... Strategic Plan Alternative Fuels and Vehicles There are many fuels today being used as "alternatives" to gasoline. In most instances, the alternative fuel is less polluting than gasoline, resulting in fewer harmful emissions into the air and a lower negative impact on human health. Many organizations in cities in the United States have voluntarily adopted programs to use alternative fuels in their fleets. These same cities are making efforts to provide the fueling infrastructure nescessary to operate alternatively fueled vehicles. Clean Cities , the U.S. Department of Energy program guiding these efforts, came about due to federal laws limiting air pollution levels to protect both the environment and human health.

55. Alternative Fuel And Hybrid Vehicle Guide - IntelliChoice alternative fuel and hybrid vehicles electric fuel cell hydrogen and natural gas technologies found in vehicles like the. http://www.intellichoice.com/carBuying101/AlternativeGuide

find new cars free price quotes compare cars find a used car ... safety Smart Buying Essentials 2004 Alternative Fuel and Hybrid Vehicle Guide Including: Hybrid Electric Vehicles Fuel Cell Vehicles Battery-Powered Electric Vehicles Ethanol/Methanol Vehicles Natural Gas Vehicles Propane Vehicles There's a lot to be said for the sound and feel of a high-revving engine accompanied by a few choice power shifts, or for that matter the visceral thrill of 10 cylinders motivating a scorching straight-line launch. We may still experience this decades into the future. But after more than 100 years with internal combustion and gasoline, it's apparent that things are changing. Within the next decade or two, there's a good chance you'll be driving a vehicle powered by an advanced powerplant that's far removed from the familiar internal combustion engine now residing beneath your hood. Government regulation, environmental pressures, and market competition have spurred accelerated research and development into alternative fuels and the vehicles that run on them, creating a new twist in the motor vehicle's evolution. Clearly, the darling of technology buffs and environmentalists has been the electric vehicle (EV). Battery-powered cars, pickups, and sport/utility vehicles - the majority of them used in fleet operations - have been cruising our highways for half-a-dozen years in certain areas of the country, mostly Southern and Northern California. This all began with the debut of General Motors' two-seat EV1 sports car at Saturn dealers in the fall of 1996, making GM the first major automaker since the early 1900s to offer a car specifically built to run on electricity. The EV1 is further distinguished as the only electric vehicle aimed at consumers rather than fleets.

56. Alternative Vehicles alternative Fuel vehicles (AFVs). CNG Truck Gas Electric Hybrid alternative Fuels Glossary of Terms. NMSHTD Vehicle Natural Gas Vehicle Flex Fuel http://www.emnrd.state.nm.us/ecmd/html/altvehicles.htm

Site Index-Text Only Alternative Fuel Vehicles (AFVs) Hybrid Vehicle Tax Incentive State Officials Celebrate Hybrid Tax Incentives Cabinet Secretary Prukop Richard Azar - Recipient of Hybrid Tax Incentive Cabinet Secretary Prukop, Richard Azar, Senator Carlos Cisneros, Senator Dede Feldman Cabinet Secretary Prukop Senator Carlos Cisneros Cabinet Secretary Prukop Brady Lovelady Honda Civic Hybrid Toyota Prius Hybrid Vehicle Options Dedicated Dedicated vehicles are designed to be fueled only with an alternative fuel. Dual Fuel/Bi-fuel Bi-fuel vehicles have two tanks, one for gasoline and one for either natural gas or propane, depending on the vehicle. The vehicles can switch between the two fuels. Dual fuel vehicles use a combination of fuels simultaneously. Flex Fuel- Flex-fuel vehicles can be fueled with gasoline or, depending on the vehicle, with either methanol (M85) or ethanol (E85). The vehicles have one tank and can accept any mixture of gasoline and the alternative fuel. E85 Public Video Gas-Electric Hybrids- Hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) combine the internal combustion engine of a conventional vehicle with the battery and electric motor of an electric vehicle, resulting in twice the fuel economy of conventional vehicles. This combination offers the extended range and rapid refueling that consumers expect from a conventional vehicle, with a significant portion of the energy and environmental benefits of an electric vehicle. The practical benefits of HEVs include improved fuel economy and lower emissions compared to conventional vehicles. The inherent flexibility of HEVs will allow them to be used in a wide range of applications, from personal transportation to commercial hauling.

57. Approaching Alternative-Fueled Vehicle Crashes - The Police Notebook" The Police Notebook Law Enforcement Internet site to promote safety and crime prevention information. http://www.ou.edu/oupd/altfuel.htm

The purpose of this brochure is to assist law enforcement officers, fire services, emergency medical service providers and other public safety personnel who arrive on the scene of an alternative-fueled vehicle crash. Emergency personnel must identify the specific type of fuel and secure the scene so rescue work can begin. They also need to know when to call for trained personnel equipped with proper protective gear for assistance. The goal is to protect the first arriving emergency responders, occupants of the vehicles, and bystanders at the scene. Described below are the key features and emergency approach procedures for five of the most common types of alternative-fueled vehicles (AFV). The first objective is to identify the specific type of alternative-fueled vehicle. Look for special fuel ports, distinctive profiles, and any written markings on the vehicle. Except for selected local areas, these vehicles are not required to be identified and there are no standardized placards, logos or symbols for the identification of each type of AFV as there are for railroad tank cars and trucks. We have included several examples of identifying symbols for each alternative-fueled vehicle, however, these symbols may vary in size and color. L IQUEFIED P ETROLEUM G AS (LPG) and C OMPRESSED N ATURAL G AS (CNG) Examples of identification symbols for LPG-fueled vehicles are: Examples of identification symbols for CNG-fueled vehicles are: LOCATING THE LPG OR CNG FUEL CONTAINERS In most LPG or CNG vehicles, containers will be found in the trunk area, under the side panel of a van or school bus, on the frame, or in the bed of a pick up truck. Expect a majority of the vehicles to be owned by a fleet service such as buses, taxi cabs, or utility companies.

58. VCA.gov.uk | Car/Fuel CO2 Data | Alternative Fuel Vehicles/Conversions alternative Fuel vehicles/Conversions. The Database contains data on a few vehicles running alternative fuel Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and hybrid http://www.vca.gov.uk/carfueldata/alternative-fuel-veh.shtm

Quick Search A-Z Index Help Publications H ... isclaimer VCA worldwide links USA JAPAN UK Car/Fuel CO Data Alternative Fuel vehicles/Conversions The Database contains data on a few vehicles running 'alternative' fuel Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and hybrid vehicles. Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) is another alternative fuel for road vehicles. LPG and CNG cars are generally converted from petrol fueled cars, either by the original manufacturer or by an after market converter. For reasons of practicality, CNG and LPG vehicles tend to be dual fuel vehicles i.e. they can run on either petrol or the gaseous fuel. It is VCA's understanding that with regard company car tax, if a vehicle is converted post registration then the vehicles original CO figure will be used for taxation purposes unless formal approved test data can be supplied. The Government supports the purchase of alternatively fuelled vehicles through the Powershift programme. Powershift provides information on all aspects of clean fuel vehicles and can provide grants to help offset the extra costs of purchasing an alternative fuel vehicle or converting an existing vehicle to run on an alternative fuel. These include hybrid vehicles and vehicles running on CNG, LPG and electricity. To find out more about Powershift and the grants available, contact the Powershift Hotline: 0845 6021425 and ask for a Powershift Application Pack or visit their website at;

59. Alternative-Fuel Vehicle Events alternativefuel vehicles (AFVs) are in the news more and more these days, and they are showing up not only at environment-themed events but also at http://www.altfuels.org/events.html

Home - AFV Events - Alternative-Fuel Vehicle Events Alternative-fuel vehicles (AFVs) are in the news more and more these days, and they are showing up not only at environment-themed events but also at mainstream auto shows . I have been in Los Angeles long enough to have seen the unveiling of the GM Impact concept car at the 1990 L.A. Auto Show, and the unveiling at the 1996 L.A. Auto Show of the production GM EV1 that evolved from the Impact, and lots of other premieres and demonstrations besides. Unfortunately, I don't have a lot of photos to share from these past events, but from now on I'll bring my digital camera to such opportunities and post illustrated reports here. I'll also provide driving reports , with photos, for AFVs I get a chance to rent or borrow. I hope this will give you some idea of the breadth of developments going on that are bringing AFVs into the mainstream! AFVs at Auto Shows 7-16 January 2005 : 2005 Greater Los Angeles Auto Show at the L.A. Convention Center 27-31 October 2004 : 2005 California International Auto Show in Anaheim, CA 2-11 January 2004 : 2004 Greater Los Angeles Auto Show at the L.A. Convention Center

60. Fueling The Future - Activities - Alternative Fuels And Vehicles The demand for alternative fuel vehicles (AFVs) and cleaner burning fuels must When you purchase and use alternative fuel vehicles, you’ll be creating a http://www.nef1.org/ftf/af1.html

Click here to download as pdf. C lick here to get Acrobat Reader. Alternative Fuels and Vehicles Alternative Fuel Vehicle Choices Despite the differences in each alternative fuel vehicle and alternative fuels, they all provide the foundation for a reduced dependence on foreign oil and for cleaner air. Dual-fuel vehicles operate on combinations of an alternative fuel with gasoline or diesel fuel, which are injected into the combustion chamber at the same time. Two separate fuel tanks are required. The dual-fuel option is used mostly in heavy-duty or diesel engines. Flexible fuel vehicles run on gasoline, on an alternative fuel, or on a combination of the two, and only one fuel system is required. Ethanol and methanol vehicles are flex-fuel vehicles and run on either gasoline or a mixture of gasoline and an alcohol fuel. Bi-fuel vehicles operate on either an alternative fuel or conventional gasoline, using only one of the fuels at a time. Two separate fuel tanks are required. Bi-fuel vehicles are advantageous for drivers who do not always have convenient access to an alternative fuel fueling station.

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