101. Evidence Based Mental Health Information PsychDirect In extreme cases, an individual with panic disorder and agoraphobia may be More typically, people with agoraphobia experience some restrictions in what http://www.psychdirect.com/anxiety/agor.htm

102. Anxiety Attacks / Phobias / Agoraphobia National. 15+ groups/contacts. Founded 1986. Mutual support, encouragement,hope, goal setting, and http://my.webmd.com/hw/anxiety_panic_disorders/shc36.asp

var guid_source = ""; var guid_source_id = ""; //unused var encodedurl = ""; WebMD Today Home WebMD News Center XML News via RSS Member Services WebMD University My WebMD Find a Physician Medical Info Check Symptoms Medical Library Health Tools Clinical Trials ... Women, Men, Lifestyle Who We Are About WebMD Site Map You are in All Conditions ADD/ADHD Allergies Alzheimer's Arthritis Asthma Back Pain Bipolar Disorder Breast Cancer Cancer Cholesterol Management Dental Depression Diabetes Epilepsy Eye Health Heart Disease Hepatitis HIV/AIDS Hypertension Men's Conditions Mental Health Migraines/Headaches Multiple Sclerosis Osteoporosis Parkinson's Sexual Conditions Stroke Weight Control Women's Conditions Health Topics Symptoms Medical Tests Medications ... Panic Survivor Anxiety Attacks / Phobias / Agoraphobia ABIL (Agoraphobics Building Independent Lives), Inc. National. 15+ groups/contacts. Founded 1986. WRITE: ABIL, Inc. 400 West 32nd St. Richmond, VA 23225 CALL: 804-353-3964 FAX: 804-353-3687 E-MAIL: answers@anxietysupport.org WEBSITE: http://www.anxietysupport.org VERIFIED: 5/3/2005 Anxiety Disorders Association of America National network. Founded 1980.

103. Agoraphobia (fear Of Public Areas) And Mental Health Information On MedicineNet. Learn agoraphobia (fear of public areas or open spaces) on MedicineNet.com. http://www.medicinenet.com/agoraphobia/article.htm

document.writeln(''); About Us MedicineNet Home Mental Health Home Page > Agoraphobia search help Printer-Friendly Format FREE Newsletters Email to a Friend ... Next Agoraphobia Provided by Psychology Today Agoraphobia Definition Agoraphobia Symptoms Causes of Agoraphobia Agoraphobia Treatment Agoraphobia Definition The term agoraphobia is translated from Greek as “fear of the marketplace.” Agoraphobia today describes severe and pervasive anxiety about being in situations from which escape might be difficult or embarrassing and/or from which help may not be available should a panic attack occur. This anxiety leads to the following behavior: 1) avoidance of these types of situations, i.e., being alone outside of the home, traveling in a car, bus, or airplane, being in a crowded area, or being on a bridge; 2) endurance of such situations under great stress , i.e., a panic attack may occur; or 3) requiring another person’s company when in said situations. Agoraphobia typically accompanies a panic disorder although on rare occasions, it may also occur when criteria of a panic disorder are not fully met (Morrison, 1995). In panic disorder, panic attacks recur and the person develops an intense apprehension of having another attack. This fear—called anticipatory anxiety or fear of fear—can be present most of the time and seriously interfere with the person's life even when a panic attack is not in progress. In addition, the person may develop irrational fears called phobias, such as agoraphobia, about situations where a panic attack has occurred. If agoraphobia occurs with panic disorder, the onset is usually during the 20s, and women are affected more often than men.

104. Agoraphobia (fear Of Public Areas) And Mental Health Information On MedicineNet. Learn agoraphobia (fear of public areas or open spaces) on MedicineNet.com. http://www.medicinenet.com/agoraphobia/

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105. Panic Attacks And Agoraphobia - Psychological Self-Help Treatment of panic attacks and agoraphobia. About half the time agoraphobiais preceded by a panic attack. As a child, 42% of adults with agoraphobia http://mentalhelp.net/psyhelp/chap5/chap5s.htm

T REATMENT OF S PECIFIC A NXIETY- B ASED P ROBLEMS Panic attacks and agoraphobia But because of the seriousness of a panic disorder (not just one or two attacks) and the suicide risks (even higher than depression), it is crucial that competent professional treatment be sought immediately. Unfortunately, many professionals give ineffective drugs and don't use the best therapy methods. Panic attack victims are given 50% of all angiograms, which are unnecessary and quite expensive. So seek a panic disorder specialist , if possible, by calling your Mental Health Center or the Phobia Society of America. The therapist should insure that there is no physical problem, possibly prescribe anti-depressive drugs (not minor tranquilizers), and provide psychotherapy involving relaxation, exposure to the frightening situation, and cognitive restructuring. The causes of panic attacks are not known. Some psychiatrists think the body is simply malfunctioningsending a false message that it is suffocating (being unable to breathe is terrifying); thus, these theorists see it as purely a physical problem (actually, the onset of panic disorders are often associated with major stressful life events). Other theorists believe panic sufferers were born shy, nervous children with over-demanding, suffocating parents. Later, as over-dependent, eager-to-please but resentful-of-authority young people, they frequently have an intense confrontation with an authority. Their anger leads to the first panic attack, according to this theory. More recently, three major theories about panic have evolved:

106. Mental Help Net - 1 - Information - Symptoms - Symptoms - Agoraphobia Symptoms agoraphobia CenterSite. agoraphobia Symptoms. Anxiety about being inplaces or situations from which escape might be difficult (or embarrassing) http://mentalhelp.net/poc/view_doc.php?type=doc&id=508&cn=1

107. Agoraphobia: Information From Answers.com demophobia Fear of crowds. (agoraphobia) Literally translated as a fear ofthe marketplace , agoraphobia is a fear of open or public spaces where help http://www.answers.com/topic/agoraphobia-1

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Phobias Wikipedia Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping agoraphobia Phobias demophobia Fear of crowds. (Agoraphobia) Wikipedia agoraphobia Agoraphobia is a form of anxiety disorder . The word is an English adoption of the Greek words agora phobia public spaces where help in an emergency might not be readily available. Many people suffering from agoraphobia, however, are not afraid of the open spaces themselves, but of situations often associated with these spaces, such as social gatherings. Others are comfortable seeing visitors, but only in a defined space they feel in control of. Such a person may live for years without leaving his home, while happily seeing visitors and working, as long as they can stay within their safety zone. An agoraphobic experiences severe panic attacks during situations where they feel trapped, insecure, out of control, or too far from their personal comfort zone. During severe bouts of anxiety, the agoraphobic is confined not only to their home, but to one or two rooms and they may even become bedbound until their over-stimulated nervous system can quiet down, and their

108. Agoraphobia: Definition And Much More From Answers.com agoraphobia Fear of open spaces or of being in crowded, public places like markets.Fear of leaving a safe place. http://www.answers.com/topic/agoraphobia

showHide_TellMeAbout2('false'); Business Entertainment Games Health ... More... On this page: Phobias Dictionary Medical Obscure WordNet Translations Mentioned In Or search: - The Web - Images - News - Blogs - Shopping agoraphobia Phobias agoraphobia Fear of open spaces or of being in crowded, public places like markets. Fear of leaving a safe place. Dictionary ag·o·ra·pho·bi·a ăg ər-ə-fà  bē-ə n. An abnormal fear of open or public places. [Greek agorā , marketplace + –PHOBIA ag·o·ra·pho bi·ac -ăk n. ag o·ra·pho bic Medical ag·o·ra·pho·bi·a ăg ər-ə-fà  bē-ə n. Phobia of open or public places. ag o·ra·pho bic adj. Obscure agoraphobia fear of open spaces WordNet Note: click on a word meaning below to see its connections and related words. The noun agoraphobia has one meaning: Meaning #1 a morbid fear of open spaces (as fear of being caught alone in some public place) Translations Translations for: Agoraphobia Nederlands (Dutch) agorafobie (pleinvrees) Fran§ais (French) agoraphobie Deutsch (German) n. - Platzangst, Agoraphobie

109. Anxiety Disorders: Panic Disorder & Agoraphobia Info, Treatment Ratings Which treatments work for Panic Disorder agoraphobia? RemedyFind is a free,unbiased site where you rate the medications, supplements, therapies etc. http://remedyfind.com/hc-Anxiety-PanicDisorder.asp

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110. BBC - Health - Conditions - Agoraphobia Dr Trisha Macnair looks at effective treatments for agoraphobia. http://www.bbc.co.uk/health/conditions/agoraphobia1.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index SUNDAY 18th September 2005 Text only BBC Homepage Lifestyle Health ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! Agoraphobia Dr Trisha Macnair If agoraphobia isn't treated it can last for years, completely distorting the way a person leads their life. Dr Trisha Macnair reveals the classic symptoms that helped her to diagnose an agoraphobic. In this article Symptoms of agoraphobia Not just a fear of open spaces Bridging the clues A housebound future ... Treatment is essential One of Dr Macnair's trickiest moments as a medical student was in her psychiatry finals when she was introduced to an apparently healthy young woman. The young woman had a large collection of traffic tickets for abandoning her car in a one-way street at the entrance to a small bridge, which crossed a river that ran through the centre of town. The examiner invited Dr Macnair to ask a few relevant questions to help establish the diagnosis. Symptoms of agoraphobia Dr Macnair worked out the problem from the answers to the following questions: Did the patient have a fear of being in situations where there was no obvious or immediate escape?

111. BBC- One Life - Health - Healthy Mind - Anxiety: Agoraphobia One Life s guide to agoraphobia. agoraphobia is one of the most common kindsof anxiety. Two or three in every 100 young people will experience http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio1/onelife/health/healthy_mind/agoraphobia.shtml

@import url('/includes/tbenh.css') ; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index SUNDAY 18th September 2005 Text only HELP Weekend Pages BBC Homepage ... Help Like this page? Send it to a friend! Choose another article: Intro Chillout with Trevor Mental Health: Prejudice Mental Health: Diagnosis to Treatment Mental Health: Read The Signs Worried About Someone Else? Stress Panic Attacks Anxiety: An Overview Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Depression: Breakdown Depression: Explained Eating Disorders Eating Disorders: Anorexia Eating Disorders: Bulemia Schizophrenia Self-harm Documentary: Cutting Edge Suicide Documentary: Rock Bottom Treatment: Medication and Therapy Treatment: Psychologists Treatment: Psychotherapy Sectioning Alternative Therapies: Introduction Real Life: Mental Health Problems Further Information ONE LIFE HEALTH HEALTHY MIND Anxiety: Agoraphobia What is it? Agoraphobia is one of the most common kinds of anxiety. Two or three in every 100 young people will experience agoraphobia by the time they are 24. Most people think that it means a fear of open spaces but that's not quite right. Agoraphobia is an anxiety about being in places or situations from which it might be hard to escape or where you might embarrass yourself, lose control or have a panic attack Fears might include: being outside the home alone being in a crowd being on a bridge travelling in a bus, train or car.

112. Adult Health Advisor 2005.2: Agoraphobia agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder. If you have agoraphobia, you avoid goingplaces or doing A person who has agoraphobia may also have panic disorder. http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/aha/aha_agrphbia_bha.htm

Adult Health Topics All Health Topics Smart Moms, Healthy Babies Find a UMHS Doctor Search Adult Topics Search All Topics This information is approved and/or reviewed by U-M Health System providers but it is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for medical treatment. You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Index Agoraphobia What is agoraphobia? Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder. If you have agoraphobia, you avoid going places or doing things because you are afraid you will have no way to escape or will panic and have no help. For example, you might have an intense fear of driving, crossing bridges, or being in shopping malls. You fear the reactions, called panic attacks, that you might have in these situations. The fears can disable you. Fear can prevent you from leaving your home. A person who has agoraphobia may also have panic disorder. How does it occur? The exact cause of this disorder is not known. There are several theories about why people develop this problem. It may result from having a bad experience. Scientists know that certain parts of the brain and nervous system cause the emotional and physical surge of fear. People usually develop agoraphobia sometime between their teens and mid-thirties.

113. Women's Health Advisor 2005.2: Agoraphobia agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder. If you have agoraphobia, you avoid goingplaces or doing things because you are afraid you will have no way to escape or http://www.med.umich.edu/1libr/wha/wha_agrphbia_bha.htm

Women's Health Topics Health Topics A-Z Women's Health Program Smart Moms, Healthy Babies ... Find a UMHS Doctor Search Women's Topics Search All Topics This information is approved and/or reviewed by U-M Health System providers but it is not a tool for self-diagnosis or a substitute for medical treatment. You should speak to your physician or make an appointment to be seen if you have questions or concerns about this information or your medical condition. Index Agoraphobia What is agoraphobia? Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder. If you have agoraphobia, you avoid going places or doing things because you are afraid you will have no way to escape or will panic and have no help. For example, you might have an intense fear of driving, crossing bridges, or being in shopping malls. You fear the reactions, called panic attacks, that you might have in these situations. The fears can disable you. Fear can prevent you from leaving your home. A person who has agoraphobia may also have panic disorder. How does it occur?

114. Agoraphobia Panic Disorder Agoraphobic Quality online counseling, medical information and help, hypnosis tapes and mentalhealth educational videos and help about panic disorders and agoraphobia. http://www.asktheinternettherapist.com/counselingarchive_agoraphobia.asp

Caring Online Counseling Makes the Difference! Medical Medical Staff Online Therapy Services Scheduling Discussion Groups ... FAQ's Online Counseling Online Counseling Therapists Online Therapy Services Scheduling ... FAQ's powered by FreeFind Affiliates Only Join our Medical and Online Counselors Staff Win a Free Hypnosis Tape! Become a member! Receive our Monthly Newsletter! Join the AskTheInternetTherapist.com Monthly Newsletter Become a Member Your Suggestions and Comments are welcome. Please send us your concerns, suggestions and comments about our website. Join our monthly newsletter! Once a month we will draw a winner for a free tape Email Topic Alcoholism Family Crisis Self Esteem Parenting Chemical Dependency Depression Codependency Agoraphobia By Joyce Willis, MC, CPC Agoraphobia can occur with Panic Disorder or without a history of Panic Disorder. The criteria for Agoraphobia, according to the DSM-IV-TR, (the manual used by Psychiatrists and Psychologists), are as follows: Anxiety about being in places or situations from which escape might be difficult (or embarrassing) or in which help may not be available in the event of having an unexpected or situational Panic Attack (or panic-like) symptoms. Agoraphobic fears typically involve characteristic clusters of situations that include being outside the home alone, being in a crowd or standing in a line; being on a bridge; and traveling in a bus, train or automobile.

115. Panic Disorder And Agoraphobia Information on ongoing research, assessment, and treatment programs for sufferersof anxiety and related disorders. http://www.bu.edu/anxiety/panicag.html

One-week intensive treatment program for panic with agoraphobia People with panic disorder have feelings of terror that strike suddenly and repeatedly with no warning. They can't predict when an attack will occur, and many develop intense anxiety between episodes, worrying when and where the next one will strike. In between times there is a persistent, lingering worry that another attack could come any minute. When a panic attack strikes, most likely your heart pounds and you may feel sweaty, weak, faint, or dizzy. Your hands may tingle or feel numb, and you might feel flushed or chilled. You may have chest pain or smothering sensations, a sense of unreality, or fear of impending doom or loss of control. You may genuinely believe you're having a heart attack or stroke, losing your mind, or on the verge of death. Attacks can occur any time, even during nondream sleep. While most attacks average a couple of minutes, occasionally they can go on for up to 10 minutes. In rare cases, they may last an hour or more. Panic disorder strikes between 3 and 6 million Americans, and is twice as common in women as in men. It can appear at any agein children or in the elderlybut most often it begins in young adults. Not everyone who experiences panic attacks will develop panic disorder for example, many people have one attack but never have another. For those who do have panic disorder, though, it's important to seek treatment. Untreated, the disorder can become very disabling.

116. Anxiety Disorders, Agoraphobia The Anxiety Panic Hub assists people who suffer from panic attacks, anxiety,anxiety disorders by providing information, resources and world wide support. http://www.panicattacks.com.au/anxdis/agora.html

Home Anxiety Disorders Causes Symptoms ... Prevention Main Menu Free Newsletter Bookstore Anxiety Disorders Articles ... Research Anxiety Disorders Agoraphobia - Avoidance Behaviour With early diagnosis of anxiety disorders and early intervention strategies, such as education and basic cognitive skills, the development of Agoraphobia can be prevented. Agoraphobia, avoidance behaviour, is a secondary condition to anxiety disorders. In the recent past, agoraphobia was known as the fear of open spaces and/or fear of the 'market place'. The prevailing view of the time was that a panic attack and the avoidance behaviour resulting from the attack, was a "phobic" response to the particular situation and/or place. This was incorrect. Agoraphobia is now recognised, not as a phobic response, but "as anxiety about being in situations and /or places, from which escape may be difficult or embarrassing, or in which help may not be available, in the event of having a panic attack or panic like symptoms". Not all people who develop an anxiety disorder develop agoraphobia, but many people do. This in turn adds to the stress, anxiety and confusion that people feel.Â

117. Agoraphobia - Anxiety Disorder Clinic agoraphobia is a disabling Anxiety Disorder that most commonly occurs together with About one third of people with panic disorder develop agoraphobia. http://www.uh.edu/anxiety/agora.htm

skip to: page content links on this page site navigation footer (site information) ... SEARCH UH Anxiety Disorder Clinic Anxiety Disorder Clinic Where are we? Who are we? What are Anxiety Disorders? ... Contact Us Information About: Panic Disorder Agoraphobia Specific Phobias Social Anxiety Disorder ... Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder Related Links UH Depression Research Clinic Psychological Research and Services Center Anxiety Disorders Association of America National Institute of Mental Health ... Association for the Advancement of Behavior Therapy Agoraphobia Agoraphobia is a disabling Anxiety Disorder that most commonly occurs together with Panic Disorder , although it may be present without panic in some cases. About one third of people with panic disorder develop agoraphobia. Agoraphobia is characterized by strong fear of not been able to escape from certain situations or places if one had a Panic Attack or other physical problems, such as diarrhea or nausea. Individuals with agoraphobia may become avoidant of the feared situations, and often develop what they consider as “safe places" or "fixed routes” to avoid suffering severe anxiety. They may also carry safety aids, such as cellular telephones or medication bottles, if they must enter the feared situations. In the most severe cases, individuals may become housebound refusing to leave their homes for long periods, sometimes even years. Approximately 1% of the US population may develop Agoraphobia Among the most common avoidances are driving, shopping malls, crowded places such as arenas, stadiums, or theaters, traveling long distances, standing in lines, been alone, meetings, and social gatherings. Agoraphobia can be treated very successfully using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. If you believe that you have Agoraphobia or any other problem with anxiety, and you want help with these difficulties, please contact the Anxiety Disorder Clinic at 713-743-8609 to schedule an assessment.

118. ENcourage: What Is Agoraphobia? Many people who suffer from panic attacks go on to develop agoraphobia, It is this avoidance behavior that distinguishes agoraphobia from panic disorder http://www.encourageconnection.com/whatisagora.html

Many people who suffer from panic attacks go on to develop agoraphobia, a severely handicapping disorder that often prevents its victims from leaving their homes unless accompanied by a friend or relativea "safe" person. The first panic attack may follow some stressful event, such as a serious illness or the death of a loved one. (The agoraphobic often doesn't make this connection, though.) Fearing more attacks, the person develops a more-or-less continual state of anxiety, anticipating the next attack, avoiding situations where he would be helpless if a panic attack occurred. It is this avoidance behavior that distinguishes agoraphobia from panic disorder. Two different types of anxiety appear to afflict the person with agoraphobiapanic and the "anticipatory anxiety" engendered by expectations of future panic attacks. If you have agoraphobia, chances are it developed something like this: One ordinary day, while tending to some chore, taking a walk, driving to workin other words, just going about your usual businessyou were suddenly struck by a wave of awful terror. Your heart started pounding, you trembled, you perspired profusely, and you had difficulty catching your breath. You became convinced that something terrible was happening to you, maybe you were going crazy, maybe you were having a heart attack, maybe you were about to die. You desperately sought safety, reassurance from your family, treatment at a clinic or emergency room. Your doctor could find nothing wrong with you, so you went about your business, until a panic attack struck again. As the attacks became more frequent, you spent more and more time thinking about them. You worried, watched for danger and waited with fear for the next one to hit.

119. NPS Treatment And Help - Information On Agoraphobia Information and resources on agoraphobia. agoraphobia is a very complex phobiausually manifesting itself as a collection of interlinked phobias. http://www.phobics-society.org.uk/info_agoraphobia.shtml

@import "includes/nps.css"; skip links skip to submenu site information Join us ... contact Information on Agoraphobia What is it? DIY self diagnosis Want to know more Personal experiences What is it? Agoraphobia is a very complex phobia usually manifesting itself as a collection of inter-linked phobias. For example many agoraphobics also fear being left alone (monophobia), dislike being in any situation where they feel trapped (exhibiting claustrophobia type tendencies) and fear travelling away from their 'safe' place, usually the home. Some agoraphobics find they can travel more easily if they have a trusted friend or family member accompanying them, however this can quickly lead to dependency on their carer. The severity of agoraphobia varies enormously between sufferers from those who are housebound, even room-bound, to those who can travel specific distances within a defined boundary. Top ^ DIY Self diagnosis If you can answer YES to most of the questions it is likely that you are affected by that condition. During the past 6 months:- Do you regularly avoid situations because you are frightened of having a panic attack?

120. Agoraphobia - Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington agoraphobia Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, Washington. http://www.swedish.org/14132.cfm

PDF Version Search Send-to-Friend Health Library Home ... Conditions InBrief Agoraphobia by Debra Wood, RN Definition Causes Risk Factors ... Organizations Definition Agoraphobia is an irrational fear of being trapped in places or situations where escape could be difficult or impossible. People with agoraphobia often will not leave the house. It often occurs in association with panic disorder Causes The exact cause is unknown. Most people develop agoraphobia after having panic attacks. Afraid of having another attack, an agoraphobic avoids places and situations that have triggered an attack. Factors that may contribute to the development of this phobia include: Genetics Changes in brain chemistry or activity Having a nervous system that reacts excessively, even to normal stimuli Increased awareness of physical changes (such as increased heart rate) Distorted thinking, which may start a cycle of fear Risk Factors A risk factor is something that increases your chance of getting a disease or condition. Risk factors for agoraphobia include: A tendency to be nervous or anxious Stressful situations Family members with panic disorder or phobias Age: 18-35 Sex: Female Other psychiatric disorders Personality disorder Symptoms Symptoms include: Fear of being in a crowd, shopping, standing in line, or similar activities

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