41. Videos & DVDs At USD's Copley Library The Golden age of exploration, 28 min (1997) VC 4798 Henry Morton Stanley, 50min (1977) VC 1082 The elizabethans; 26 min. (1992) VC3920. **GREECE** http://history.sandiego.edu/dd/videos.html

Videocassettes on History (2004) with the MEDIA CENTER ACCESSION NO. To check on availability of a videotape and summaries: call the USD Media Center at 619-260-4567 or search the SALLY catalog at http://sally.sandiego.edu/search/f **AFRICA** Apartheid and Divestment; 120 min. (1985) VC-59 Bitter Melons, 30 min (1955) DT1508.SB4 Bushmen of the Kalahari; 60 min. (198?) VC-4151 The Child Brides, 51 min (1999) HQ18.E8C4 Consuming Hunger [3 tapes]; 87 min. (1987) VC-3773 Current Events in South African ElectionsJ. Jordan; 64 min. (1994) VC-2713 The Curse of Congo: A Story of Wealth, Exploitation, and Ruin, 57 min (2002) DT658.26.C87 The Deadline, 52 min (1996) VC 4375 Discovering the Music of Africa, 19:80 min (1972) VC 2674 Egypt; 57 min. (1991) VC-2479 End of the Dialoged: Apartheid in South Africa 1970.45 min (2003) Facing the Truth, 2 parts 120 min (1999) DT1974.F33 Francophonie d'Afrique, 52 min (1992) VC 2979 Gacaca: Living Together in Rwanda, 55 min (2002) DT450.437.G33 Going Home, 31 (1999) JC599.A36 Great Journeys Part 2: The Salt Road, 59 min (1989) VC 1764

42. The Tempest At The University Of Utah She was sent to sea in a tub with her father at an extremely early age, One of the ideas behind The Tempest is the elizabethans exploration of the New http://www.cc.utah.edu/~mp2434/325tem.html

T he Tempest at the University of Utah Contents: Plot Summary by Clark Draney Another Plot Summary by John Terrion Character Analysis by Clark Rampton Themes of The Tempest by Marianne Sloan An untitled contribution by William W. Gray A second untitled contribution by R. Kelly Beck A Quiz by J'lene George Some thoughts on The Tempest by Jason Postma Plot Summary The Tempest Plot Summary After recounting this unfortunate history to his daughter, Prospero causes a deep sleep to come upon Miranda. Ariel, an airy servant spirit, enters at the service of Prospero. Prospero listens to a report of the night ,s events from his captive spirit. Ariel advises Prospero that he has ensured the safety of all aboard the ship, and the ship itself. Prospero assigns his dainty spirit the future events that are to occur under Ariel,s supervision. In return for Ariel's service, Prospero promises him his freedom. The love story begins when Ferdinand, the Prince of Naples, is led to Prospero and Miranda's presence. Ferdinand and Miranda fall in love upon first sight. Prospero voices his outward displeasure of their affections, but inwardly approves. Distressed at this seeming barrier to his new love, Ferdinand draws his sword upon Prospero. Prospero fends off Ferdinand's attack with the use of magical powers. Aware of Prospero's powers, Ferdinand submits to his will. The play continues with Ariel dispersing the shipwrecked crew around on the magical island. Antonio plots with the King's brother, Sebastian, the murder of the King. Alonso, the King of Naples is distressed at the apparent loss of his son. Alonso, being mentally and physically exhausted from the recent events sleeps, with some magical assistance from Ariel. All of the King's party fall under Ariel's sleeping spell except Antonio and Sebastian. Ariel releases the party from the spell just as Antonio and Sebastian are on the verge of killing the King.

43. The Norton Anthology Of English Literature: The 16th Century: Topic 2: Overview elizabethans who were sensible enough to stay at home could do more than read Perhaps the most profound exploration of this instability was written not http://www.wwnorton.com/nael/16century/topic_2/welcome.htm

English men and women of the sixteenth century experienced an unprecedented increase in knowledge of the world beyond their island. Religious persecution at home compelled a substantial number of both Catholics and Protestants to live abroad; wealthy gentlemen (and, in at least a few cases, ladies) traveled in France and Italy to view the famous cultural monuments; merchants published accounts of distant lands like Turkey, Morocco, Egypt, and Russia; and military and trading ventures took English ships to still more distant shores. In 1496, a Venetian tradesman living in Bristol, John Cabot, was granted a license by Henry VII to sail on a voyage of exploration, and with his son Sebastian discovered Newfoundland and Nova Scotia; in 1583, Sir Humphrey Gilbert returned to Newfoundland to try to establish a colony there. The Elizabethan age saw remarkable feats of seamanship and reconnaissance. On his ship the

44. Early Modern Themes: Old And New Worlds Columbus and the age of Discovery (Millersville, Renaissance exploration andTrade (Annenberg/CPB Project) part of an online exhibit on the Renaissance http://www.earlymodernweb.org.uk/themes/worlds.htm

Early Modern Resources Themes Search Reference Representations ... HOME Old and New Worlds Explorations and Encounters Maps, Images and Texts Nations Slavery Explorations and Encounters The Early Modern World (Internet Modern History Sourcebook) sections on the early modern world system, mercantile capitalism, trade and the 'new economy' Columbus and the Age of Discovery (Millersville, Pennsylvania) searchable database of articles etc relating to 'encounter themes, as well as links to other sites The European Voyages of Discovery (Department of History, University of Calgary) an online tutorial focusing on the Portugese and Spanish explorations of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, in Africa, America and Asia Discoverers' Web (Andre Engels) all kinds of web materials on voyages of discovery, exploration and explorers Renaissance Exploration and Trade (Annenberg/CPB Project) part of an on-line exhibit on the Renaissance Renaissance Exploration, Travel, and the World outside Europe (Norton Topics Online) Emigrants and Settlers (Norton Topics Online) Cultural Readings: Colonization and Print in the Americas (University of Pennsylvania Library) online exhibition, exploring Europeans' attempts 'to "read" native cultures of the Americas' (and vice versa); six thematic sections, including 'promotion and possession', 'viewers and the viewed', 'colonial fictions, colonial histories'

45. The Matthew Of Bristol - Designing The Matthew age of exploration Life on Board Navigation The type had been well triedand tested for long voyages of exploration, principally by the Portuguese http://www.matthew.co.uk/ship_statistics/designing_matthew.html

Ship Statistics Designing the Matthew Building the Matthew Statistics Voyages Sea Trials 1997 Voyage 1997 North America 1998 Return Voyage ... 2001 Channel Voyage The Future The Matthew Movements Crew Application History John Cabot The 1497 Voyage Age of Exploration Life on Board ... Navigation Education The Mathhew Puzzle Matthew Society Information Contacts by Colin Mudie All that is known about the ship is her tonnage, the approximate dates and times of her voyage, and that she had a crew of eighteen in addition to Cabot himself. We also know that she set out for a voyage to Japan and back which might last for a year. Tonnage, being a function of keel length and beam, can be fairly confidently turned into hull dimensions for a conventional vessel of the period. This works out to a keel length of approximately fifty feet, an overall hull length of about 64 feet and a beam of the order of 20 feet. These dimensions can be cross checked against the capacity required to carry the crew, stores and provisions for a voyage to Japan and to return with the anticipated cargo of treasures. We can also be fairly confident that she was square rigged in that such a rig can be handled easily by a crew of eighteen, whereas the alternative lateen rig would need the watch below on deck for most manoeuvres and become more difficult to manage if any crew were to be lost on such a long expedition. Square rig would also, we think, be the first choice for a voyage of this kind where the ship needs to be quickly and confidently manoeuvred when standing in to strange coasts.

46. Group School Field Trips - Golden Hinde Tour And Joint Tours to students studying Tudors, Stuarts, elizabethans, Voyages of Discovery orExplorers. Tours are tailored to the children’s age and topic studied. http://www.goldenhinde.co.uk/school.html

The Golden Hinde A living history museum General Information Event Hire School Field Trips Living History Pirate Parties Crew Horseshoe Wharf, 6A Clink Street, London SE1 9FE Details about the Golden Hinde tour Historic Southwark Key Stage 2 tour ... Booking The Golden Hinde Sailing Ship Informative educational visits for groups Details about the Golden Hinde tour "It was the best start possible to our work on Tudors - thoroughly recommended to any other teachers." Miss Boutell, Rockcliffe Manor Primary. The Golden Hinde has visited over 300 ports worldwide during the last 23 years touring Europe and North America. More than two million students have visited this floating museum on school field trips taking the opportunity to experience this unique educational opportunity. Nothing brings learning alive quite like the inspiration of a new environment. Our unique, lively and interactive educational program is linked to the national curriculum, suitable for Key Stage 1, 2 and 3

47. Early American Lit\explore Into the Wilderness Dream exploration Narratives of the American West, 15001805 . Rowse, AL The elizabethans and America. London Macmillan, 1959. http://www.lehigh.edu/~ejg1/ejgbib/explore.html

Early American Literature: A Bibliography of Secondary Material EXPLORATION AND SETTLEMENT IN GENERAL (Call numbers are to the Lehigh University library ) Alexander, Michael, ed. Discovering the New World, based on the works of Theodore de Bry. (not at Lehigh) Arciniegas, German. America in Europe: A History of the New World in Reverse . San Diego: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1986. Axtell, James. The Invasion Within: The Contest of Cultures in Colonial North America. New York: Oxford UP, 1985. Barclay, Donald A., James H. Maguire, and Peter Wild, eds. Into the Wilderness Dream: Exploration Narratives of the American West, 1500-1805. Salt Lake City: U of Utah P, 1994. Baritz, Loren. "The Idea of the West." American Historical Review Brandon, William. New Worlds for Old: Reports from the New World and Their Effect on the Development of Social Thought in Europe, 1500-1800. Athens: Ohio UP, 1986. Campbell, Mary B. The Witness and The Other World: Exotic European Travel Writing, 1400-1600. Ithaca: Cornell UP, 1988. Cheyfitz, Eric.

48. John Carter McKnight - MarsNow 1.15 - Space Pirates Naturally, as the science of using polar analogs of space exploration grows, A robust age of the space pirate will precede and enable Martian settlement http://www.hobbyspace.com/AAdmin/archive/SpacefaringWeb/John_Carter_McKnight_-_1

previous index next Space Gazette ... HobbySpace Home MarsNow 1.15: Space Pirates John Carter McKnight November 14, 2001 Reprinted by permission of the author. Yet the historical analogy remains a useful tool for attempting to describe something as undefined as the settlement of space. Naturally, as the science of using polar analogs of space exploration grows, we examine the historical analogy of the ages of European exploration in greater detail. Imagining the first era of transatlantic exploration quickly brings to mind one of the oldest tropes of popular sci-fi: the space pirate. For all its tinfoil-suited cheesiness, the concept of "space pirate" actually contributes to our understanding of space development. Over the weekend I crossed cutlasses with the science and technology editor of the British newsweekly The Economist. A recent editorial called for America to "stop putting humans into orbit," declaring the whole enterprise "dangerous, costly and scientifically useless." In taking exception, I noted that the Elizabethans financed transatlantic exploration at a time when technology was similarly immature and returns every bit as speculative. The editor riposted with the observation that "there are not too many Spanish galleons to plunder in outer space." But there are, and there will be. If we succeed in opening the space frontier, before long at all buccaneers-by-analogy will be leading the way, drawn by avaricious dreams of easy fortune. The age of the pirate is a critical phase in the development of any frontier.

49. Definitions/Context Of 19th C Theatre of Communion (Greeks, Romans, Medieval, elizabethans) The old ageof Modern Drama. exploration of Spiritual world/time/timelessness. http://www.kzoo.edu/is/library/course_guides/thea_280/definition_19th.html

Menta Theatre of Revolt Theatre of Communion: (Greeks, Romans, Medieval, Elizabethans) Characterized by religious ceremony, audience shares a common belief system. Theatre is not a commercial enterprise, performed on Occasions (usually related to calendar of solar year, e.g., Festival of Dionysus came was in Spring, wine/fertility rites) Theatre of Illusionism : (Renaissance Italy to early film -c.1900) Characterized by growing need to present the illusion of everyday reality on stage in all its details. Theatre becomes a true entrepreneurial, commercial venture. performed anytime, not just at Special times of year. Popular theatre of 19th century in Europe and America is the melodrama and the well-made play. In the gradual, over-arching path towards Illusionism, Western theatre generally moves from: - huge outdoor amphitheatres to smaller indoor theatres - communal arena and thrust arrangement (where audience can focus on each other as well as actors)to action focused behind a proscenium arch, viewed from one vantagepoint. - generalized setting of Greek and Elizabethan facade stages (same background for all plays - usually representing a public square or front of a palace) to Renaissance perspective painting and eventually box sets - realistic sets to represent real specific locations -generalized costumes (all Kings dress a particular way) to individualized costumes for individual characters

50. MarsNow 1.15 Space Pirates | SpaceRef - Your Space Reference Naturally, as the science of using polar analogs of space exploration grows, Here is where historical analogy comes back in even as the age of Atlantic http://www.spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=4088

51. [EMLS SI 9 (January, 2002):4.1-11 Impostors, Monsters, And Spies: What Rogue Lit I think this new subjectivity is intimately connected with the age s preoccupationwith Writers of rogue literature and exploration literature, too, http://www.shu.ac.uk/emls/si-09/woodimpo.htm

Impostors, Monsters, and Spies: What Rogue Literature Can Tell us about Early Modern Subjectivity Linda Woodbridge Pennsylvania State University lxw18@psu.edu Woodbridge, Linda. "Imposters, Monsters, and Spies: What Rogue Literature Can Tell us about Early Modern Subjectivity." Early Modern Literary Studies http://purl.oclc.org/emls/si-09/woodimpo.htm In his rogue warning A Caveat for Common Cursetors Another notable feature of Harman's story about Nicholas Jennings is the unmasking of an impostor. Jennings is not only a phony epileptic, he is even a phony vagrantas Harman eventually discovers, Jennings actually owns a home! That the unmasking of imposture, the shining of a bright light onto occulted identities and hidden practices, is a crucial trope in the period says much about subjectivity. Many theorists have noted in the early modern period a changing subjectivity, a new interiority. Puritans saw God by their own inner light, diary-keeping flourished, household architecture began evolving private rooms. People had secret inner selves to protect, as never before. I think this new subjectivity is intimately connected with the age's preoccupation with imposture. The genre in which Harman wrote, which posterity has dubbed rogue literature, consisted of warnings to the public against petty crimes and tricks of street people, mainly in a comic vein, with a thin veneer of moralizing. The promise of disclosure animates the whole genre. Robert Greene and other "cony-catching" writers claim to have infiltrated the criminal underworld to disclose its secrets to a vulnerable, non-streetwise public, and Ben Jonson's

52. Shakespeare [Beyond Books] are also imperative for Beyond Books s interactive exploration of Shakespeare . elizabethans did not watch the plays purely for entertainment. http://www.beyondbooks.com/sha91/index.asp

Hello, GUEST Log in Shakespeare's London The Renaissance Stage Politics and Power Reading Shakespeare Romeo and Juliet : What's Going On? Romeo and Juliet : Themes Use of Language and Speeches Romeo and Juliet in Performance and Study Hamlet : Structure and Background Hamlet : Themes and Imagery Hamlet : Character Studies Hamlet : Critical Scenes and Speeches Search BB Program Contents Page Shakespeare [Introduction] 1. Shakespeare's London 1a. Social Classes 1b. Religion and Church 1c. Who Was Shakespeare? 1d. Economy 1e. Medicine 1f. Women 2. The Renaissance Stage 2a. The Evolution of Theater 2b. The Theater in Society 2c. The Globe and Its Neighbors 2d. Actors 2e. Companies 2f. Gender 2g. Scenery 2h. The Experience of Watching a Play 3. Politics and Power 3a. The Tudors and The Stuarts 3b. Queen Elizabeth I 3c. King James I 3d. Laws of the Day 3e. War and Peace 3f. Lineage and Succession 4. Reading Shakespeare 4a. Shakespearean Sources 4b. Mythological References 4c. Is This English?

53. Webster Course Portfolio Engl 322 ACTIVELY READING THE age OF ELIZABETH. A Course Portfolio for English 322 It does pretty well to exhibit “exploration,” but students usually also see http://faculty.washington.edu/cicero/CP322.htm

ACTIVELY READING THE AGE OF ELIZABETH A Course Portfolio for English 322: Summer 2000 COURSE GOALS AND CONCEPTUAL ORGANIZATION The main goal of this course was to enable students to become more active readers of English Renaissance texts; as a secondary goal this course set out to make students more aware of themselves as learners, and thus both more capable of engaging actively in their learning in this particular course, and more able to engage effectively in other courses throughout the rest of their university careers. Active Reading Most of the undergraduates I teach find Renaissance texts very difficult, and they thus begin the course as relatively passive readers, looking to me to tell them about the works we read. My aim is to change that focus, to foster in them a concern with what they, not I, think about our texts. This is not a revolutionary goal, but in the past students have found it difficult to achieve. I normally organize a course around one or two dominant conversations. In this course I focussed on cultural notions of "discipline" because through that topic I could link the thematics of sixteenth-century educational discipline together with those of such other disciplines as love, politics, and personality. In this class we began the quarter with the theme of educational discipline in Utopia and Dr. Faustus; then, starting with Faustus and continuing through 3 weeks of sonnets, we explored how first Marlowe, Sidney, Shakespeare, and then Spenser, Greene and Heywood each weave versions of the disciplinary theme together to explore connections among its other dimensions in the registers of love, politics and personality.

54. Pitkin Guides Her life and some of the great themes of the age religion, exploration, theArmada, art etc. N0853725640B. Roman Britain. Læg i indkøbskurven Indkøbskurv http://www.futurumbooks.com/da/dept_180.html

Hjem Pitkin Guides Prices are ex. moms. You get 14% discount on all prices in this department. An attractive series of booklets that have rapidly become very popular, printed on heavy paper, colour illustrated throughout, mostly about 30 pages. The language is clear but not simplified. You will be able to use these booklets at a range of levels. The Beatles Their lives and music. Related background/films! Britain in the Blitz (w. CD) Big cover! Cambridge Big cover! A Pitkin City Guide to the history and famous sites of the city. The Celts Big cover! A short, beautifully illustrated guide to the world of the Celts: their society, language, arts and religion. Sections on the Celts in Britain, their confrontation with the Romans, and their post-Roman legacy. Christianity in England Big cover! The story of the Christian Church from its first arrival in England to the present day. City of Manchester The history and present life and culture of England’s second city. Costume Big cover! From 1500 to the present day A short illustrated history of dress from the times of Henry VIII to those of Princess Diana. Customs and Traditions in Britain A look at some of the traditions that are specifically British.

55. Project MUSE Writing for RALPH An exploration in the Dramaturgy of Sustainable Theatre Have we not seen Margot Fonteyn convincingly dance Juliet at the age of 42? http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/theatre_topics/v009/9.1carlisle.html

How Do I Get This Article? Athens Login Access Restricted This article is available through Project MUSE, an electronic journals collection made available to subscribing libraries NOTE: Please do NOT contact Project MUSE for a login and password. See How Do I Get This Article? for more information. Login: Password: Your browser must have cookies turned on Carlisle, Barbara "Writing for RALPH: An Exploration in the Dramaturgy of Sustainable Theatre" Theatre Topics - Volume 9, Number 1, March 1999, pp. 69-87 The Johns Hopkins University Press Excerpt Since at least 1990, the authors of this articledirector and playwright Barbara Carlisle, with scenographer and lighting designer Randy Wardhave been participating in a common theatre problem at Virginia Tech. As a department we pride ourselves in maintaining high standards of execution to provide valid design and technical learning for our students. At the same time we confront increasing materials costs with fixed budgets, intense pressure to meet overlapping production deadlines, and perhaps more importantly, deep discomfort with the unrecycled waste that has gone out the door after each production. In every respect we have balked at the model we were perpetuating for our studentsdebilitating burnout, financial anxiety, and production panic. In writing the book Hi Concept - Lo Tech Barbara and her co-author Don Drapeau (also of Virginia Tech) coined the expression "sustainable theatre" to refer to the need for a mode of theatre making that does not deplete the resources of the theatre makers (174). Yet our theatre at Virginia Tech was not sustainable. We were working off the backs of exhausted students and staff, caught up in a theatre mythology that presumes "if you're not willing to kill yourself for the art, you better get out."

56. AFRO-AMERICAN ALMANAC - African-American History Resource Thus, when thoughts of conducting trade and exploration from small trading Over the years they became dependent upon the ironage implements of the http://www.toptags.com/aama/voices/commentary/racismorigin.htm

HOME Trivia Games FolkTales Biographies ... Feedback YOUR INTERNET RESOURCE FOR AFRICAN-AMERICAN HISTORY RED, WHITE, AND BLACK The Origins of Racism in Colonial America By Gary B. Nash Racial attitudes in America have their origins in the culture of Eliza-bethan England, for it was in the closing decades of the sixteenth century that the English people, who were on the verge of creating an overseas em-pire in North America and the Caribbean, began to come into frequent contact with peoples whose culture, religion, and color was markedly dif-ferent from their own. In the early responses of Englishmen to Indians and Africans lay the seeds of what would become, four centuries later, one of the most agonizing social problems in American historythe problem of racial prejudice. Englishmen did not arrive at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607, or at Ply-mouth, Massachusetts, in 1620, with minds barren of images and precon-ceptions of the native occupiers of the land. A mass of reports and stories concerning the Indians of the New World, many of them based upon the Spanish and Portuguese experience in Mexico, Peru, and Brazil, were avail-able in printed form or by word of mouth for curious Englishmen crossing the Atlantic. From this literature ideas and fantasies concerning the Indians gradually entered the English consciousness. These early accounts seem to have created a split image of the Indian in the English mind. On the one hand, the native was imagined to be a savage, hostile, beast-like creature who inhabited the animal kingdom rather than the kingdom of men. In 1585, prospective adventurers to the New World could read one description of the natives of North America which depicted them as naked, lascivious individuals who cohabited "like beasts without any reasonableness." Another account described them as men who "spake such speech that no men could understand them, and in their demeanor like to brute beastes."

57. The Georgian North North East England Timeline 19th Century is also called the Regency era. The Georgian era was the age ofIndustrial Revolution, world exploration and a new style of architecture. http://www.thenortheast.fsnet.co.uk/page66.htm

Timeline of North East England www.thenortheast.fsnet.co.uk Home The North East Map The Yorkshire Map Roots of the Region The Timeline THE ROMAN CONQUEST THE ANGLIAN INVASIONS AETHELFRITH AND EDWIN OSWALD AND AIDAN ... TWO GREAT CATHEDRALS (Durham and York) THE MONASTIC REVIVAL (The Abbeys) A PART OF SCOTLAND BISHOP PUDSEY MEDIEVAL TOWNS NEWCASTLE COAL ... About the Site Above: St. Aidan's Statue, Holy Island, Northumberland. Photo courtesy of freefoto.com Prime Minister Tony Blair and The Millennium History of North East England by David Simpson. Photo courtesy of The Northern Echo Back to top of page Timeline of North East History THE GEORGIAN NORTH 1714AD - 1838AD By David Simpson The Georgian era stretches from 1714 to 1838, although the early part of the 19th Century is also called the Regency era. The Georgian era was the age of Industrial Revolution, world exploration and a new style of architecture. Georgian Dates: For Georgian Industrial Development go here Other dates: Coal and Industry 1500AD-1800AD Northern Coalfield Locomotive Age Victorian Age 1837-1901 1715 November - GEORDIES NOT JACOBITES

58. Lecture 4: The Medieval Synthesis And The Discovery Of Man: The Renaissance which he assumed was bathed in light. There he found a Golden age. We mayeven think of the exploration of the New World and the exploitation of http://www.historyguide.org/intellect/lecture4a.html

Lecture 4 The Medieval Synthesis and the Discovery of Man: The Renaissance Living, I despise what melancholy fate has brought us wretches in these evil years. Long before my birth time smiled and may again, for once there was, and yet will be, more joyful days. But in this middle age time's dregs sweep around us, and we beneath a heavy load of vice. Genius, virtue, glory now have gone, leaving chance and sloth to rule. Shameful vision this! We must awake or die! -Petrarch, Epistolae metricae When all is said and done, it can be argued that the Renaissance of the 14th and 15th centuries was not indicative of an extraordinary intellectual event or movement. The 12th century Renaissance, characterized as it was by the by the spirit of inquiry and skepticism of Peter Abelard (see Lecture 1 ), is much more deserving of that label. And when we think of the Renaissance today, we perhaps think of tangible images like sculpture, painting and architecture. We may even think of the de Medici, that powerful Italian family of bankers and purveyors of political intrigue. We may even think of the exploration of the New World and the exploitation of that world. Or perhaps we may focus our recollection on the perfection of moveable type by a German print master by the name of Gutenberg. Why did the Renaissance occur? This is a difficult question at best there are no easy answers. In general, however, we could argue that the ordered, formalistic, and compartmentalized society of the Middle Ages allowed those forces which had created it to destroy it as well. These forces developed to such an extent that they outgrew the fixed and narrow framework through which they functioned. In other words, the medieval matrix held the seeds of its own decline. Realities such as a surplus of agricultural produce, the increasing urbanization of Europe, a swelling population, wider trading zones and a thirst for knowledge finally broke the stranglehold of the medieval matrix. Man emerged from the fragments of the medieval synthesis and saw, perhaps for the first time since the classical age of Greece, the world of Man and the world of Nature.

59. The Hardy Plant Society Kent Group - Chelsea 2000 enjoyed a time of great prosperity, of exploration, innovation and achievement.elizabethans embraced Renaissance ideas from Europe, combined them with http://website.lineone.net/~hps-kent/eliz.html

The Hardy Plant Society Kent Group Elizabethans Chelsea Flower Show 2000 T wo great Elizabethan Ages four hundred years apart, their gardens and the plants that grew in them. This was the theme of our exhibit. The chronicler, Willaim Harrison, writing in 1587 said of his 'little plot' that it contained 'very near three hundred of one sort and another...no one of them being common or usually to be had' and in 1596 John Gerard catalogued 1,030 plants that he grew in his London garden. Today The RHS Plant Finder lists 70,000 plants that are available commercially and, as we know, specialists and enthusiasts grow many more. Our display showed some of this enormous wealth of plants. These plants, old and new, were our "Elizabethans" Elizabeth I During the Elizabethan era England enjoyed a time of great prosperity, of exploration, innovation and achievement. Elizabethans embraced Renaissance ideas from Europe, combined them with their own cultural traditions and made a style of their own in architecture, painting, sculpture, music and drama. Garden making must have been seen as an important demonstration of this enthusiasm for the arts. The enclosed medieval garden developed, under the Renaissance influence, into the more elaborate garden of the Elizabethan era. Many buildings from this time are still standing but no gardens remain so we must rely on the very little contemporary pictorial and written evidence that has survived. Plans, paintings and books such as Thomas Hill's

60. Encyclopedia: Elizabethan It was an age of expansion and exploration abroad, while at home the ProtestantReformation was established and successfully defended against the Catholic http://www.nationmaster.com/encyclopedia/Elizabethan

Supporter Benefits Signup Login Sources ... Pies Related Articles People who viewed "Elizabethan" also viewed: Elizabethan period Elizabethan era English Renaissance Elizabeth I of England ... William Shakespeare What's new? Our next offering Latest newsletter Student area Lesson plans Recent Updates Main Page Zeeshan Yellowstone National Park Wipeout (game) ... More Recent Articles Top Graphs Richest Most Murderous Most Taxed Most Populous ... More Stats Encyclopedia: Elizabethan Updated 221 days 1 hour 48 minutes ago. Other descriptions of Elizabethan The Elizabethan Era is the period associated with the reign of Queen Elizabeth I (1558 - 1603) and is often considered to be a golden age in English history . It was the height of the English Renaissance , and saw the flowering of English literature . It was an age of expansion and exploration abroad, while at home the Protestant Reformation was established and successfully defended against the Catholic powers of the Continent The Elizabethan age is viewed so highly in part because of the contrasts with the periods before and after. It was a brief period of largely internal peace between the English Reformation and the battles between Protestants and Catholics and the battles between parliament and the monarchy that would engulf the seventeenth century. The Protestant/Catholic divide was settled, for a time, by the

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