81. AllAfrica.com PanAfrica Experts Want African Languages In Schools allAfrica African news and information for a global audience. http://allafrica.com/stories/200508090209.html

82. YourDictionary.com • Endangered Language Initiative• Two Extinct Languages This page contains links to recordings of two african languages that existed in the Extinct South african languages They are part of a collection of http://www.yourdictionary.com/elr/extinct.html

About Store Register Contact ... Dying Languages Extinct Languages Nubian Dictionary Christ's Language What is an EL? EL Foundations ... Donations Endangered Language Initiative Two Languages Already Gone: This page contains links to recordings of two African languages that existed in the 1930's but are no longer spoken. We are fortunate that they were recorded or we might not even know they existed. They are part of a collection of recordings of extinct languages on a CD produced by Prof. Anthony Traill, Professorial Research Fellow in the Linguistics Department of the University of Witwatersrand , Johannesburg, South Africa. This project was featured on NPR's "Lost & Found Sound". Click here to hear the broadcast in RealAudio containing an interview with yourDictionary's Dr. Bonnie Sands Khoisan language . You can hear the gurgles of her baby, Matabab, in the background. The second clip is the opening of a now very poignant speech in !ora , or Koranna, is another now extinct South African Khoisan language with clicks.

83. Study Shows Positive Impact Of African Languages On FM Radio: UNESCO-CI There should be “more airtime for african languages at peak time”, Impact Assessment Survey of FM/Community Radios Using african languages in Ghana, http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=18836&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=2

UNESCO.ORG Education Natural Sciences Culture Communication and Information Sitemap Français WebWorld Communication and Information Resources Communication and Information References Communication and Information Sector News and In Focus Archives News Archives: 2005 Study Shows Positive Impact of African Languages on FM Radio Homepage Themes Access to information Capacity Building ... Information Society News Communication and Information Sector's daily news service Advanced Search Study Shows Positive Impact of African Languages on FM Radio 02-05-2005 (Paris) A study carried out by the Centre for Advanced Studies of African Society (CASAS), indicates that people surveyed in Mali, Ghana and Senegal appreciate African language broadcasts, want more programming in African languages and consider them to have a number of positive impacts. The study was funded by UNESCO within the framework of the Community Multimedia Centre programme. CASAS Director, Kwesi Kwaa Prah, worked with researchers in the three countries to conduct the survey, through questionnaires and interviews. He points out that although the sample, at under 400 people, is too small to provide a statistically accurate representation of national public opinion, “however, it was possible to obtain impressions about the relative strength of opinions between countries and within the samples in each country”. Three-quarters of respondents believe that African language FM broadcasting has a positive social impact, particularly on community radio and local FM, which invite listener participation. “The deepening of the culture of democracy is a distinct feature of the impact of African-language FM radios”, the report notes.

84. Africa: UNESCO-CI The number of african languages is usually put at around 2000 (Grimes 2000), It presents four large phyla of indigenous african languages NigerCongo http://portal.unesco.org/ci/en/ev.php-URL_ID=8048&URL_DO=DO_TOPIC&URL_SECTION=20

UNESCO.ORG The Organization Education Natural Sciences ... ::Français Search Communication/Information Activities by theme Activities by region/country Multilingualism in Cyberspace ... News Archives Observatory on Multilingualism General Standardisation and Local Adaptation of Computer Systems Translation Tools and Products Type of information - National legislations - Treaties/Agreements - Projects - National institutions - Enterprises - NGOs - Tools - Studies - Portals/Directories - Networks Communication/Information Portals Archives Portal Libraries Portal Free Software Portal ... Observatory of the Information Society Africa FONT SIZE: A A A http://www.unesco.org/webworld/babel/atlas Africa Languges by country Africa: Geographical navigation Africa Browse by Language: Mbaru Keiga I'anni Arzew ... Deti Background information about the linguistic situation in Africa Africa is known to be by far the most linguistically diverse continent. The number of African languages is usually put at around 2000 (Grimes 2000), i.e. one third of the world’s linguistic heritage. This number is not static, as some languages are still being “discovered”, while others, with few speakers, are disappearing. An assessment of language endangerment in Africa is difficult to establish because the criteria applied to measure endangerment differ. Sommer takes the number of speakers as the major criteria for her list of African endangered languages (Sommer 1992). She lists 140 languages as having less then 500 speakers or being extinct. If one considers every language that has under 10,000 speakers as endangered, the number for Africa rises to 300 languages. Ethnologue: Languages of the World (Grimes 2000) identifies 37 African languages that are on the verge of extinction (compared with 161 in the Americas). The list of 97 endangered languages given in the online version of the Atlas of the World’s languages in danger of disappearing follows the selection made by Brenzinger and Heine for the paper version of the Atlas (Wurm 22001).

85. Yale Africa Guide InterActive: Language african languages, linguistics, dictionaries, language learning resources. http://research.yale.edu/swahili/links/Language/

Top : Language Yale Africa Guide InterActive: Language Home Add a Site Modify a Site What's New ... Search Categories: Afrikaans Amharic Arabic Dictionaries ... Zulu Would you like to be an Africa Guide InterActive Scout for this page? As you come across an interesting site related to this topic, use this window to submit it to the Guide so future visitors can access it from this page. Also, let us know if we should add subcategories to this page. All visitors, after you've visited a site, please come back and give it a rating from one (useless) to ten (great!). Your scores will help other visitors scout out the best Web sites for their needs. Please help support the Kamusi Project through your donations This project is freely available to all users. If you are able, we ask that you help us maintain and expand our project resources through your donations Please click here and follow the steps that we detail. We truly appreciate any support you can give. Links: African Languages Resources for Arabic, Hausa, Kongo, Shona, Swahili, Yoruba, and Zulu

86. Department Of Asian And African Languages Research in the languages, literatures and cultures of East Africa, Turkey, the Middle East, North Africa, Iran, Afghanistan, Central Asia, Pakistan, and India, as well as the history of the IndoEuropean and Semitic languages. http://www.afro.uu.se/eng.html

87. The Webbook Of African Language Resources At Michigan State University The Webbook of african languages Resources. Includes speakers, teaching materials, contact information, the various african languages that are available http://isp.msu.edu/AfrLang/hiermenu.html

88. The Spread Of Cattle Domestication Among The Mande Speaking People Offers a hypothesis based on evidence of the spread of the ProtoMande from the Saharan highlands to the Atlantic Ocean. Includes comparisons of african languages and references. http://www.geocities.com/Tokyo/Bay/7051/man1.htm

The Spread of Cattle Domestication among the Mande speaking people CATTLE DOMESTICATION AND THE PROTO-MANDE DISPERSAL Agricultural revolutions and the resulting increased food production has been the principal catalyst for the wide spread dispersal of populations speaking similar languages. Using linguistic and archaeological data Peter Bellwood (1991) and Colin Renfrew (1988) have shown the role agriculture played in the dispersal of the Austronesian and Indo-European speakers in prehistoric times. Recent archaeological research in Africa suggest that although agriculture played a role in the spread of some African linguistic groups such as the Bantu and Cushitic speakers, cattle domestication led to the spread of other African groups across enormous parts of West Africa. This hypothesis suits the evidence we have regarding the spread of the Proto-Mande from the Saharan highlands in the east, to the shores of the Atlantic Ocean in the west (Winters 1986b). Archaeological research from North Africa clearly illustrates the movement of semi-sedentary cattle herders from the Magreb and Saharan sites into West Africa. This agropastoral sedentary economy resulted in a growth in populations great enough to make it possible for the Mande speakers to expand across much of Northwest and West Africa between 5000 and 3000 years before the present (BP).

89. AllRefer.com - African Languages (Language And Linguistics) - Encyclopedia AllRefer.com reference and encyclopedia resource provides complete information on african languages, Language And Linguistics. http://reference.allrefer.com/encyclopedia/A/Africanlng.html

AllRefer Channels :: Health Yellow Pages Reference Weather September 18, 2005 Medicine People Places History ... Maps Web AllRefer.com You are here : AllRefer.com Reference Encyclopedia Language And Linguistics ... African languages By Alphabet : Encyclopedia A-Z A African languages, Language And Linguistics Related Category: Language And Linguistics African languages, geographic rather than linguistic classification of languages spoken on the African continent. Historically the term refers to the languages of sub-Saharan Africa, which do not belong to a single family, but are divided among several distinct linguistic stocks. It is estimated that more than 800 languages are spoken in Africa; however, they belong to comparatively few language families. Some 50 African languages have more than half a million speakers each, but many others are spoken by relatively few people. Tonality is a common feature of indigenous African languages. There are usually two or three tones (based on pitch levels rather than the rising and falling in inflections of Chinese tones) used to indicate semantic or grammatical distinction. In the last few decades great strides have been made in the study and classification of the African languages, although the results are still far from definitive. The principal linguistic families of Africa are now generally said to be

90. WOCAL4 And ACAL34 Home Page The description of african languages in a rapidly changing field. WOCAL 4 and ACAL 34 to be held 1722 June 2003 at Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ. Call for papers, workshops, speakers and international symposium. http://www.wocal4.rutgers.edu/

WOCAL4 Homepage Conferences - Conferences Workshops - Workshops Plenary Speakers - Plenary Speakers Symposia - Symposia Accommodation - Accommodation Transportation - Transportation

91. Dailypennsylvanian.com - Penn African Languages Program 'leads The Pack' They are native languages across countries in West Africa. Penn has offered a comprehensive program in african languages since 1993, when the African http://www.dailypennsylvanian.com/vnews/display.v/ART/4212f8ec37a34

A Few Clouds TODAY MONDAY TUESDAY Sunday, Sept. 18, 2005 search DP Google Advanced Search Front Page News Sports ... Sports Front: Sign up for our mailing lists Daily Headlines Breaking News Enter e-mail address: More Info Penn African languages program 'leads the pack' African Studies Center offers 11 tongues, spans three major regions By alex dubilet February 16, 2005 University President Amy Gutmann recently received a note from The Journal of Blacks in Higher Education congratulating Penn for having one of the most comprehensive programs in African languages in the nation. "Looks like Penn leads the pack," the note read. The African Studies Center has been one of Penn's well-kept secrets. It currently offers 11 African languages, comparing very favorably with peer institutions' programs. In 2001-2002, African centers across the nation offered a total of only 25 African languages. The languages offered by Penn span the three major regions of Africa four languages from the South, three from the East and four from the West. The program strives to give students the necessary training to be able to do serious field work and research in a specific African region. "We try to cover as many countries as possible, so it's not that these four languages [in West Africa] are only spoken in four countries," African Language Coordinator and Zulu instructor Audry Mbeje said. "They are native languages across countries in West Africa."

92. Department Of Linguistics And Germanic, Slavic, Asian And African Languages Top/Reference/Education/Colleges_and_Universities/North_America/United_States/Michigan/Michigan_State_University/Colleges_and_Departments/College_of_Arts_and_Letters/Departments http://www.msu.edu/~linglang/

Department of Linguistics and Germanic, Slavic, Asian , and African Languages College W elcome to the Department of Linguistics and Germanic, Slavic, Asian and African Languages , one of three language departments at Michigan State University . We offer undergraduate degree programs in Linguistics, German, Russian, and East Asian Languages and Cultures (with an emphasis on either Japanese or Chinese). Graduate programs are available in Linguistics (MA and PhD), and German (MA and PhD). In addition the department offers undergraduate language programs in Arabic, Hausa, Hebrew, Hindi, Korean, Nepali, Ojibwe Anishinaabemowiin ), Swahili, and now Vietnamese. Through our unique "on demand" African language program, students can learn any one of over twenty additional African languages. Follow the links below for information about the programs offered in our department. General Information Department location, staff, office hours, links. Linguistics German Russian Undergraduate degree programs, faculty, course schedules. Undergraduate degree programs, faculty, course schedules.

93. UJ - Department Of African Languages An internationally recognised South African University providing and expanding academic and technological knowledge and skills that promote growth and http://www.uj.ac.za/al/

dqmcodebase = "../" Department of African Languages Search in UJ Search in AL Conference Registration Login Welcome to the Department of African Languages website Conference Registration Form This website (http://www.uj.ac.za/al) was created on 6/3/2005 and is reserved for the Department of African Languages. For more information, please contact the webmaster, Ms Leoni Kotzé, by e-mail or the Department of African Languages on +27 (011) 489-2023 or by e-mail Conference Registration UJ-CMS Printer friendly Webmaster Sitemap Policies Processing time: 0.171 seconds

94. Polylog / Themes / In Dialogue / Language Matters! Decolonization, Multilinguali Decolonization, multilingualism, and african languages in the making of African The issue of language decolonizing African philosophical thought http://them.polylog.org/2/dwk-en.htm

t i n dialogue themes literature agenda archive ... profile Language matters! Decolonization, multilingualism, and African languages in the making of African philosophy Kwasi Wiredu in dialogue with Kai Kresse Content deutsch Reconciling "traditionalists" and "modernists"? The issue of language: decolonizing African philosophical thought Going intercultural, going multilingual? ... Literature Kwasi Wiredu is professor of Philosophy at the University of South Florida, Tampa, and currently has a visiting professorship at Duke University. Short presentation In this issue: Democracy and Consensus in African Traditional Politics. A Plea for a Non-party Polity (deutsche Fassung) The interview was held at Jan van Eyck Akademie, Maastricht, on the 30th March 1996. K resse: Prof. Wiredu , since the early years of discussion about African philosophy you have been regarded as a "modernist", and your saying that was often quoted and very heatedly debated. Later you have more and more included reflections on philosophical concepts in your own cultural community, the Akan of Ghana, into your philosophical work and linked that to the discussion of African culture and concepts in a broader sense of philosophy altogether. So in that way you somehow reconcile what Bodunrin once called the "traditionalist" and "modernist" approaches.

95. Africa: Language: African Languages, Dialects, Linguistic Groups, Ethnic Groups, Africa Language african languages, Dialects, Linguistic Groups, Ethnic Groups, Tribes, Peoples. http://www.clickafrique.com/arts/language.asp

Home News Forum Directory ... Flag/Maps/Info An E-Community for Africa Africa: Language: African Languages, Dialects, Linguistic Groups, Ethnic Groups, Tribes, Peoples >E-Mail to a friend >Can't Find it - Ask Us ! Search ClickAfrique Quick Links Country Algeria Angola Benin Botswana Burkina Faso Burundi Cameroon Cape Verde CAR Chad Comoros Congo Congo DR Côte d'Ivoire Djibouti Egypt Eq. Guinea Eritrea Ethiopia Gabon Gambia Ghana Guinea Guinea-Bissau Kenya Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Mali Mauritania Mauritius Morocco Mozambique Namibia Niger Nigeria Principe Reunion Rwanda Sao Tome SADR Senegal Seychelles Sierra Leone Somalia South Africa Sudan Swaziland Tanzania Togo Tunisia Uganda Zambia Zimbabwe Central Africa Eastern Africa Northern Africa Southern Africa Western Africa Africa (General) Subject Accomodation Airlines Athletics Basketball Banks Boxing Car Hire Companies Countries Country Guides Cricket Culture Dance E-Commerce Education Embassy Film Finance Football Galleries Game Reserves Games Government Hardware Health History Hotels Insurance Investment ISPs Finance Jobs Language Magazine Mobile Phones Museums Music News Newspapers Organistions PC People Portals Property Nature Reserves Radio Resorts Shipping Software Television Theatre Tourism Office Tourist Agencies Trade Gifts and Special Offers : O% APR Offers on UK Credit Cards. Apply online for an immediate decision.

96. Amharic Translation : Native Speaking Amharic Translators, Amharic Translator, T Translation in mainly Arabic and Amharic, and other african languages. Company based in Washington DC, United States. http://www.africatranslation.com

Africa Translation .com giving you the power to understand Amharic Arabic Tigrigna Afaan Oromoo Housa Swahili French Italian Ndebele Shona Urdu Kirundi Dari Kinyarwanda Somali and More African Translations is enabled to recieve online bids or payments: We use PayPal as well: D.C. Council Mandates Translators Agencies Will Assist Non-English Speakers On April 21 st Mayor Anthony Williams signed in to law the Language Access Act, which would require the District of Columbia agencies to provide written translation of documents as well as interpretation services at public meetings. The Language Access Act (B15-039) will allow local immigrant residents to gain access to area agencies and truly benefit from public services. Find out more Hailu Gtsadek African Translations Lead Translator Our Translators ATA (American Translators Association) members Court certified Have translated at least 100,000 words Translate only into their mother tongue Are appropriately qualified in their technical areas Have working industry experience for the material they translate Language Classification : Semitic (cushitic) language which is Afro-Asiatic language spoken in Asia, including Arabic, Amharic, Hebrew, and Tigrinya. Other Cushitic languages are Hadiyya, Kembata, and Sidamo.

97. African Languages --  Britannica Student Encyclopedia african languages The 800 to 1000 languages spoken in Africa today can be grouped into four families, or groups of languages thought to have common http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-9272746

Home Browse Newsletters Store ... Subscribe Already a member? Log in This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Lingua Francas Features Print this Table of Contents Shopping Price: USD $1495 Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. The Official Scrabble Players Dictionary (Hardcover) Price: USD $15.95 The Scrabble player's bible on sale! Save 30%. Merriam-Webster's Collegiate Dictionary Price: USD $19.95 Save big on America's best-selling dictionary. Discounted 38%! More Britannica products African languages Student Encyclopedia Article Page 1 of 3 African languages... (75 of 751 words) var mm = [["Jan.","January"],["Feb.","February"],["Mar.","March"],["Apr.","April"],["May","May"],["June","June"],["July","July"],["Aug.","August"],["Sept.","September"],["Oct.","October"],["Nov.","November"],["Dec.","December"]]; To cite this page: MLA style: "African languages." Britannica Student Encyclopedia http://www.britannica.com/ebi/article-9272746

98. The Ecole Glossary An essay on their legend, by Norman Hugh Redington. Immensely popular in the Middle Ages, this story was translated into European, Middle Eastern, and african languages; and the True Faith was variously identified as Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Manichaeism. http://www2.evansville.edu/ecoleweb/glossary/barlaam.html

The Ecole Glossary Barlaam and Ioasaph Norman Hugh Redington

99. African Languages - Cambridge University Press african languages. An Introduction. Edited by Bernd Heine This book is an introduction to african languages and linguistics, covering typology, http://www.cambridge.org/uk/catalogue/catalogue.asp?isbn=0521661781

100. Home Translation service between European and african languages Zulu, Xhosa, Venda, Pedi, Sotho, Shangane, Tswana, Ndebele, Tsonga and Shona specializes in the medical, pharmaceutical and chemical fields. http://members.tripod.com/lingua_consultants/

setAdGroup('67.18.104.18'); var cm_role = "live" var cm_host = "tripod.lycos.com" var cm_taxid = "/memberembedded" Search: Lycos Tripod Dating Search Share This Page Report Abuse Edit your Site ... Next We do translations in all languages. We specialize in the medical, pharmaceutical and chemical fields in European and African languages. We do African languages including Zulu, Xhosa, Venda, Pedi, Sotho, Shangane, Tswana, Ndebele, Tsonga and Shona. We do European languages including Afrikaans, English, German, French, Dutch, Italian, Spanish and Swedish. As well as Japanese, Russian, Chinese, etc. Contact us for a free quotation. Jaco Breytenbach PhD Telephone FAX Postal address P.O. Box 20802, Noordbrug, 2522, Potchefstroom, South Africa Electronic mail FCHJCB@PUKNET.PUK.AC.ZA professional translations into African languages, translate, business translations, translation, African translations, medical translations, chemical translations, pharmaceutical translations, South Africa, Lingua Lingua Consultants, Potchefstroom University.

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