1. History Of Afghanistan Make Money afghanistan history. Afghanistan, often called the crossroads of Central Asia, has had a turbulent history. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

2. Afghanistan Online Afghan History Various Articles/Images On Afghan History. Contemporary Afghanistan The Last Sixty Years (1919-1979) Medieval Jewish community of Afghanistan http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

3. Afghanistan History A presentation of Afghan history. You will find chronologies, biographies, documents such as past constitutions, and articles dealing with various stages http://afghana.com/SocietyAndCulture/History.htm

History Afghana! - Help See Also Afghana! Chat - Online Afghan community See also Afghana! The Soviet War See Also Afghana! Biographies Afghanistan Timeline AfghanLand.com AfghanMagazine.com Watan Afghanistan (Historical guide) General History Pictorial - Presented by Afghan-info.com Kabul Museum - presented by Qazi brothers, several galleries presenting pictures of artifacts from several eras including several Buddha figures. AriaAfghan.com - A chronology of Afghan history from 50,000 BC to present Gran Hewad - General history and pictorials of past Afghan leaders A Brief (recent)History of Afghanistan by Mohammad Ismail Sloan Watan Afghanistan - General history, land, geography, people, language, past, present, and national anthem. Afghanpedia.com - Quality and useful information on history, people, geography, land, economy, government, army, etc. CyberAfghanistan - Lille (France) based Afghan site with information on culture and history (French). A Brief History of Afghanistan in the past 1000 years - A speech delivered by Adam Ritscher in Duluth, Minnesota (2002).

4. Afghanistan's Web Site Afghanistan Afghan Afghanistan's Web Site provides updated news and information on Afghanistan including culture, history, politics, society, languages, economy http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

5. Afghanistan: History A history of women in Afghanistan lessons learnt for the future or yesterdays Ghost Wars The Secret History of the CIA, Afghanistan, and Bin Laden, http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/world/A0856490.html

in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Daily Almanac for Sep 18, 2005 Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites Hispanic Heritage Month Hurricane Katrina Daylight Saving Time Ramadan ... Mississippi Infoplease Tools Periodic Table Conversion Tool Perpetual Calendar Year by Year ... Site Map College Center Scholarship Search College Resources Career Center Job Search Post Your Resume Continuing Ed. more . . . Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips google_ad_client = 'pub-1894504138907931'; google_ad_width = 120; google_ad_height = 240; google_ad_format = '120x240_as'; google_ad_type = 'text'; google_ad_channel =''; google_color_border = ['336699','B4D0DC','DFF2FD','B0E0E6']; google_color_bg = ['FFFFFF','ECF8FF','DFF2FD','FFFFFF']; google_color_link = ['0000FF','0000CC','0000CC','000000']; google_color_url = ['008000','008000','008000','336699']; google_color_text = ['000000','6F6F6F','000000','333333']; Encyclopedia Afghanistan History Early History The location of Afghanistan astride the land routes between the Indian subcontinent, Iran, and central Asia has enticed conquerors throughout history. Its high mountains, although hindering unity, helped the hill tribes to preserve their independence. It is probable that there were well-developed civilizations in S Afghanistan in prehistoric times, but the archaeological record is not clear. Certainly cultures had flourished in the north and east before the Persian king Darius I (c.500 B.C.

6. Afghan Network INteractive Extensive information about Afghanistan. News, music, history, culture, flags, maps, biographies, recipes, photography, poetry, and student http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

7. Afghanistan Country Studies - Federal Research Division, Library Overview of life, history, and culture by the US Library of Congress. http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

8. Afghanistan History Lonely Planet World Guide Afghanistan s history as a country spans little more than two centuries, although it has contributed to the greatness of many great Central Asian empires. http://www.lonelyplanet.com/destinations/middle_east/afghanistan/history.htm

9. CNN.com - Woman Makes History In Afghanistan - Oct 5, 2004 Woman makes history in Afghanistan http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

10. Backgrounder On Afghanistan: History Of The War Covers the development since the Soviet occupation in 1979. By Human Rights Watch. http://www.hrw.org/backgrounder/asia/afghan-bck1023.htm

(Human Rights Watch Backgrounder, October 2001) Home News Releases About HRW Get Involved ... RSS FREE Join the HRW Afghanistan Mailing List Backgrounder on Afghanistan: History of the War October 2001 (download PDF version - 6 pages) Key Sections The First Phase: The Saur Revolution and Soviet Occupation The Second Phase: From the Geneva Accords to the Mujahidin's Civil War The Third Phase: The Taliban's Conquest of Afghanistan Other sources Related Material Afghanistan: Human Rights Watch Key Documents September 11 Attacks: Crimes Against Humanity The Aftermath The U.S- led military intervention in Afghanistan marks the fourth phase in the country's twenty-three-year-old civil war. In every phase foreign powers have intensified the conflict by supporting one side against another. The First Phase: The Saur Revolution and Soviet Occupation After gaining power, Daoud tried to marginalize the Parchamis and distance the government from the Soviet Union. The two factions of the PDPA reunited in 1977 and launched a coup on April 27, 1978, killing Daoud and seizing power. The PDPA government, under Khalq leadership, then embarked on a campaign of radical land reform accompanied by mass repression in the countryside that resulted in the arrest and summary execution of tens of thousands. Those targeted included political figures, religious leaders, teachers, students, other professionals, Islamist organizations, and members of ethnic minorities, particularly the Hazaras, a Shi'a minority that has long been subject to discrimination by Afghanistan's ruling elite. The government's repressive measures, particularly its attempt to reform rural society through terror, provoked uprisings throughout the country.

11. Afghan Daily - Afghanistan News Afghanistan. Afghanistan Children. afghanistan history. AfghanWomen. Cultural Heritage. LemarAftaab. Lost Cultural. Peace Association. Radio http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

12. History Of Afghanistan Comprehensive online resources about afghanistan history. http://history1900s.about.com/library/world/blxafghanistan.htm

zJs=10 zJs=11 zJs=12 zJs=13 zc(5,'jsc',zJs,9999999,'') About Homework Help 20th Century History Homework Help ... Help zau(256,140,140,'el','http://z.about.com/0/ip/417/C.htm','');w(xb+xb+' ');zau(256,140,140,'von','http://z.about.com/0/ip/496/7.htm','');w(xb+xb); FREE Newsletter Sign Up Now for the 20th Century History newsletter! See Online Courses Search 20th Century History History of Afghanistan Afghan History A collection of articles about Afghanistan's history including a chronology, Afghanistan and the USSR, important political figures, and more. Background Notes: Afghanistan Historical information from the United States Department of State. Britannica.com: Afghanistan History A comprehensive history from Britannica.com. Use the outline below the article to navigate through the complete text of this extensive encyclopedia entry. Flags of the World: Afghanistan Information, images, and available history of the current and past flags of the country. Geography and Maps of Afghanistan A plethora of geographical information and online maps from the About Geography site. Infoplease.com: Afghanistan Overview

13. Watan Afghanistan Home Afghanistan History Pathan Customs Poets Poetry Sayed Jamaluddin Afghani Ahmad Shah Durrani Pashto http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

14. Afghanistan's Web Site -@ Afghanistan History Outline of afghanistan history. The outline of the afghanistan history In modern times, as well as in antiquity, will focus on vast armies of the world http://www.afghanistans.com/Information/History/Default.htm

Afghanistan History Home Afghanistan History Natural Regions Rivers and Lakes Climate Natural Resources ... Economy Afghanistan's history internal political development, foreign relations, and very existence as an independent state have largely been determined by its geographic location at the crossroads of Central, West, and South Asia. Over the centuries, waves of migrating peoples passed through the region described by historian Arnold Toynbee as a "roundabout of the ancient world"leaving behind a mosaic of ethnic and linguistic groups. The outline of the Afghanistan History In modern times, as well as in antiquity, will focus on vast armies of the world passing through Afghanistan, temporarily establishing local control. 50,000 BC - 20,000 BC Stone Age Archaeologists have identified evidence of stone age technology in Aq Kupruk (balkh), and Hazar Sum. Plant remains at the foothill of the Hindu Kush mountains indicate, that North Afghanistan was one of the earliest places to domestic plants and animals. 3000 BC - 2000 BC Bronze Age It has been indicated the Bronze have been invented in ancient Afghanistan around this time.

15. Backgrounder On Afghanistan History Of The War Backgrounder on afghanistan history of the War October 2001 (download PDF version 6 pages) Key Sections http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

16. Afghanistan History All rights reserved. Page Tools Cite. Print. Email. Related content from HighBeam Research on afghanistan history http://tmsyn.wc.ask.com/r?t=an&s=hb&uid=24312681243126812&sid=343126

17. History Of Afghanistan - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Islam played a key role in the formation of Afghanistan s history as well. This article briefly outlines each period of History of Afghanistan only; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Afghanistan

History of Afghanistan From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. This article is the top of the History of Afghanistan series. Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan Islamic conquest of Afghanistan Durrani Empire European influence in Afghanistan ... History of Afghanistan since 1992 Contents History of Afghanistan Pre-Islamic period of Afghanistan (before 651) Islamic conquest of Afghanistan (642-1747) The Durrani Empire (1747-1826) ... edit History of Afghanistan Afghanistan 's history , internal political development, foreign relations, and very existence as an independent state have largely been determined by its geographic location at the crossroads of Central West , and South Asia . Over the centuries, waves of migrating peoples passed through the regiondescribed by historian Arnold Toynbee as a "roundabout of the ancient world"leaving behind a mosaic of ethnic and linguistic groups. In modern times, as well as in antiquity, vast armies of the world passed through this region of Asia, temporarily establishing local control and often dominating Iran and what is today Pakistan and northern India Although it was the scene of great empires and flourishing trade for over two millennia, the area's heterogeneous groups were not bound into a single political entity until the reign of

18. Afghanistan Main Interactive Web Site, Made By Afghans For Afghans afghanistan history Flags, afghanistan history Afghanistan Flags Afghanistan Constitution. Afghanistan Rullers, Mirwais Khan Hotak Ahmad Shah http://www.afghansite.com/afghanistan/afghanistan.asp

Sunday September 18 2005 Users Online:58 IP: 67.18.104.18 ..::Afghanistan ::.. Afghanistan History Afghanistan Flag Afghanistan Pictures Afghanistan's Leaders ... Afghan CallingCard New ..:: Entertainment ::.. Afghan Polls New Afghan Voice Chat VoiceChat Help New Afghan Text Chat Afghan Radio Afghan Forum Afghan Events ... Afghan MP3s New ..:: General ::.. File Sharing Pictures of Afghans Afghan Politics Afghan Articles ... Afghan Links ..:: Services ::.. AfghanSite Email Register Advertise Login ... Constitution Afghanistan Rullers: Mirwais Khan Hotak Ahmad Shah Abdali Khushal Khan Khatak Amir Dost Mohammad Khan ... Sayed Jammal uddin Afghani Pictures of Afghanistan General Kabul-sep-2002 Kabul-dec-2002 Kabul-April-2003 ... Email This Page to a Friend :: All About Afghanistan :: The current boundaries of Afghanistan were established in the late 19th century in the context of rivalry with Britain and Russia. Modern Afghanistan became a pawn in struggles over political ideology and commercial influence. In the late 20th century Afghanistan suffered ruinous effects of prolonged civil war (the 90's), invasion by the Soviet Union (1979), and Soviet military presence (1979-89) Relief Drainage Soils Climate ... Settlement Patters THE PEOPLE Ethno Linguistic Groups Languages Religion Demographic Trends THE ECONOMY Management of the Economy Resources Agriculture Industry ... Transportation ADMINISTRATION AND SOCIAL CONDITIONS Government Health and Welfare Social Divisions The Achaemenians and the Greeks ... The Afghan Civil War Total Visitors Since Jan/19/1999

19. Afghanistan History - Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resource afghanistan history Flags, Maps, Economy, Geography, Climate, Natural Resources, Current Issues, International Agreements, Population, Social Statistics, http://workmall.com/wfb2001/afghanistan/afghanistan_history_index.html

Country Ranks Introduction History Geography People Government Gov. Leaders ... [TOP] Afghanistan History Index http://workmall.com/wfb2001/afghanistan/afghanistan_history_index.html Source: The Library of Congress Country Studies Historical Setting THE PRE-ISLAMIC PERIOD Achaemenid Rule, ca. 550-331 B.C. Alexander and Greek Rule, 330-ca. 150 B.C. ... COMMUNISM, REBELLION, AND SOVIET INTERVENTION NOTE: The information regarding Afghanistan on this page is re-published from The Library of Congress Country Studies. No claims are made regarding the accuracy of Afghanistan History information contained here. All suggestions for corrections of any errors about Afghanistan History should be addressed to the Library of Congress. Please put this page in your BOOKMARKS - - - - - http://workmall.com/wfb2001/afghanistan/afghanistan_history_index.html Revised 04-Jul-02 Photius Coutsoukis

20. Afghanistan History A Brief History of Afghanistan By Adam Ritscher And while some history books refer to this time of Afghanistan’s history as one where attempts were http://www.afghangovernment.com/briefhistory.htm

A Brief History of Afghanistan: By Adam Ritscher The story of Afghanistan is in so many ways a very tragic one. Afghanistan is one of the most impoverished nations of the world. It is one of the most war-torn, most ravaged, and most beleaguered of nations. It is a nation that has been beset by invasion, external pressure and internal upheaval since before the time of Alexander the Great. Its people are a people who have endured more than most of us can ever imagine. In fact, for many Afghanis, all that has changed in the last one thousand years are the weapons which have been used against so many of them. It is therefore with great sadness and respect that I tell the story of Afghanistan. First of all, who are the Afghanis? Afghanistan has historically been the link between Central Asia, the Middle East and the Indian sub-continent. It is therefore a nation made up of many different nationalities – the result of innumerable invasions and migrations. Within its current borders there are at least a dozen major ethnic groups – Baluch, Chahar Aimak, Turkmen, Hazara, Pashtun, Tajik, Uzbek, Nuristani, Arab, Kirghiz, Pashai and Persian. Historically the Pashtun nationality has been the most dominant. The term Afghan, for example, generally is viewed by other peoples in the country to refer to the Pashtuns. The royal families of the country were Pashtun, and today the Pashtun represent about 50% of the total population. Tajiks come in second with 25%, and the rest make up considerably smaller percentages.

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