121. 3. Acid Rain acid rain affects the whole environment. Polluted rain enters surface waters and Biodiversity in areas affected by acid rain is likely to be poor. http://www.atmosphere.mpg.de/enid/0,55a304092d09/basics/3__Acid_Rain_3v2.html

English Home Contact Encyclopaedia International ... school magazine Climate in Cities basics 1. Air Pollution 2. Urban Climate 3. Acid Rain ... more Climate in cities Basics Unit 3 Acid rain Water is essential for life on Earth and its quality is, therefore, of great importance. Clean rain is naturally slightly acidic but when the pH of rain falls below 5.6, we call it acid rain. Emissions of the two air pollutants, nitrogen oxides (NOx) and sulphur dioxide (SO ) are the main reasons for acid rain formation. Emissions of these pollutants are decreasing in Europe and North America but are still increasing in Asia. Choose your topic ... Lower Atmosphere basics more Upper Atmosphere basics more Weather basics more Clouds and Particles basics more Climate in Cities basics more Oceans basics more Food and Climate basics more People Changing Climate basics more Acid rain affects the whole environment. Polluted rain enters surface waters and permeates into the groundwater. It makes the aluminium in the soil reactive and leaches out the nutrients. Trees and plants are damaged both through the decrease in soil nutrients and also directly by the acidic rain falling on them. Biodiversity in areas affected by acid rain is likely to be poor. Areas affected by acid rain are found mainly in Europe, the United States of America and in China. Affected regions are generally close to highly urbanised and industrialised areas but long range transport of air pollutants can result in acid rain damage far away from the pollution sources.

122. 3. Acid Rain acid rain, acid fogs and acid snow directly and indirectly affect our health . The main pollutants responsible for acid rain are the nitrogen oxides and http://www.atmosphere.mpg.de/enid/0,55a304092d09/more/3__Acid_Rain_3vo.html

English Home Contact Encyclopaedia International ... school magazine Climate in Cities basics more 1. Air Pollution 2. Urban Climate ... * Worksheet 1 Climate in cities Read more Unit 3 Acid rain Acid rain, acid fogs and acid snow directly and indirectly affect our health. Breathing acid fogs can damage our respiratory system and acidic waters contain higher than average levels of heavy metals. Drinking these waters can cause many serious diseases. Choose your topic ... Lower Atmosphere basics more Upper Atmosphere basics more Weather basics more Clouds and Particles basics more Climate in Cities basics more Oceans basics more Food and Climate basics more People Changing Climate basics more The main pollutants responsible for acid rain are the nitrogen oxides and sulphur dioxide. It's easier to reduce emissions of these gases by saving energy and reducing car use than it is to prevent damage by acid rain. Once the acid rain is formed all we can do is partially neutralise its effects with liming being the most widely used method. top

123. ACID DEPOSITION Acid deposition, commonly termed acid rain, results from a complex chemical andatmospheric More information on acid rain. EPA acid rain Overview. http://www.scorecard.org/env-releases/def/cap_acidrain.html

POLLUTION LOCATOR Acid deposition, commonly termed acid rain, results from a complex chemical and atmospheric phenomenon that occurs when emissions of sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, and other substances are transformed by chemical processes in the atmosphere, often far from the original sources, and then deposited on earth in either wet or dry form. The wet forms can fall to earth as rain, snow, or fog. The dry forms are acidic gases or particulates. Acid deposition can damage crops, forests, and ecosystems, kill fish, and cause a deterioration of water quality affecting human health directly or indirectly through affecting livestock consumed by humans. Acid deposition can also cause damage to valued statues and buildings. More information on Acid Rain: EPA Acid Rain Overview Information on Federal Regulations of Acid Rain HOME ABOUT SCORECARD ... Environmental Defense and GetActive Software Powered by GetActive Software Media Contact - (212) 505-2100 media@environmentaldefense.org Environmental Defense Membership - (800) 684-3322 members@environmentaldefense.org

124. Acid Rain Likely Stunts U.S. Tree Growth Soil collected prior to industrial pollution is compared to polluted soil andstunted trees. http://www.livescience.com/environment/050314_acid_rain.html

Amazing Images: Summer under the Stars Contest 101 Amazing Earth Facts World Trivia VOTE NOW: The Ugliest Animals ... LiveScience.com: Cool Science Galleries Acid Rain Likely Stunts U.S. Tree Growth By LiveScience Staff posted: 14 March 2005 11:36 am ET A new study of soil collected before industry created acid rain suggests trees in the United States and elsewhere are likely stunted by the polluted ground. Researches compared tree growth across decades in Russia to changes in soil conditions. "By providing the only preserved soil in the world collected before the acid rain era, the Russians helped our international team track tree growth for the first time with changes in soil from acid rain," said Greg Lawrence, a U.S. Geological Survey scientist who headed the effort. The study, announced today, found that acid rain may have "serious implications for forest growth in the U.S., particularly in eastern areas such as the Adirondack and Catskill regions of New York." "We’ve known that acid rain acidifies surface waters, but this is the first time we’ve been able to compare and track tree growth in forests that include soil changes due to acid rain," Lawrence said. Despite decades of study, the effects of acid rain, including the extent to which it permeates soil and remains there, have not been properly figured out.

125. PASCO Chemistry Experiment - May 2002 In this experiment, you will create samples of acid rain in the laboratory, Rain with a pH lower than 5.6 is considered acid rain and can have http://www.pasco.com/experiments/chemistry/may_2002/home.html

home resources experiments chemistry ... print page Online Chemistry Experiments May/June, 2002, Chemistry Experiment: Acid Rain Simulation Purpose Background Information Equipment Setup Data Analysis ... Conclusions and Extensions pH Sensor (PS-2102) Purpose: In this experiment, you will create samples of "acid rain" in the laboratory, using the pH Sensor to quantify the change in acidity of the "rain water". You will also complete several simple laboratory tests to determine what effects acid rain has on common substances. Background Information: Before falling to Earth as precipitation, water vapor in the atmosphere normally reacts with carbon dioxide gas to form a weak acid, carbonic acid (H CO ). As a result, the pH of rainwater is approximately 5.6, making typical rainwater slightly acidic. However, water vapor in the atmosphere will also react in a similar fashion with other gases, including sulfur dioxide (SO ), nitrogen dioxide (NO

126. Ecosystems And Well-being: Acid Rain This lesson is designed to help the student learn about acid rain. Items coveredinclude how acid rain is caused; its impact on living things; http://www.statcan.ca/english/kits/hae2000/acid1.htm

Teachers' kits Human activity and the environment 2000 Ecosystems and well-being Acid rain Overview This lesson is designed to help the student learn about acid rain. Items covered include: how acid rain is caused; its impact on living things; locations that are most at risk; and preventative measures that can be taken. Contributor: Shelley Murphy. Objectives To learn how acid rain is caused To learn about the health risks (to humans and other living things) caused by acid rain To understand the importance of protecting ecosystems from acid rain To observe changes in plants exposed to acidic conditions To communicate results in a laboratory report To use statistical information, graphs, and tables effectively Suggested grade levels and subject areas Intermediate Geography, Science In Geography, it may be introduced as part of a study of primary industries. In Science, it may be introduced in a unit on sustaining terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems or a study of acids and bases. Duration: One or two 60-75 minute class periods. The lab activity may be monitored for up to two weeks for desired results.

127. Nearctica - Environment - Air Pollution - Acid Rain The acid rain Program at the EPA has a number of features on their web site. The site also has a variety of data sets on acid rain including US laws and http://www.nearctica.com/environ/cleanair/acidrain.htm

Air Pollution - Acid Rain Special Segments Butterflies of North America Conifers of North America Eastern Birds List of N.A. Insects Home Eastern Wildflowers General Topics Natural History Ecology Family Environment Evolution Home Education Home Conservation Geophysics Paleontology Commercial Organizations Acid Rain Program . Environmental Protection Agency. The Acid Rain Program at the EPA has a number of features on their web site. For example you'll find a wide variety of educational material on acid rain including a definition of acid rain and its causes, the effect of acid rain on forests, water, and people. There are a number of experiments and classroom activities also listed. The site also has a variety of data sets on acid rain including U.S. laws and regulations pertaining to acid rain, a series of fact sheets on the EPA programs and information on acid rain not in the educational segment of the site. Finally the site has information on several programs administered by the EPA. Recommended. The ABC's of Acid Rain . Michelle Change and Lisa Mori. A great basic introduction to the topic of acid rain. The site defines acid rain and discusses its causes. You'll also learn about the effects of acid rain on trees, lakes, the atmosphere, humans, and human products. The site also talks about reducing car emissions and has links to other web sites on acid rain. Highly recommended.

128. Soil Equilibria Exploration 1C What are the problems caused by acid rain? Literature Research Exploration 4A How does acid rain interact with soil? http://chemistry.beloit.edu/Rain/

Soil Equilibria: What Happens to Acid Rain? Module written by G. C. Lisensky, R. Hulet, M. Beug, and S. Anthony Quicktime Movies and Mathcad files by G. C. Lisensky Help with Quicktime Movies Session 1: How is acid rain formed? Exploration 1A: How is acid rain formed? Combustion Emissions and Deposition Exploration 1B: How do power plants and automobile emissions affect lakes and cities? Experimental Design Exploration 1C: What are the problems caused by acid rain? Literature Research Making the Link: What happens to the oxides of sulfur and nitrogen formed by combustion? External Links (National Environment Ministries and Agencies) Session 2: What is an acid? Exploration 2A: What household products behave like acid rain? Chemical Classification Exploration 2B: How do we identify acids from a chemical formula? Strong and weak acids and bases Exploration 2C: What is pH? pH Making the Link: What is an acid? Session 3: What is the pH of normal rain? Exploration 3A: How do systems respond to stress?

129. Clear The Air | Acid Rain acid rain damages forests and causes lakes and streams to become acidic, acid rain also damages buildings, historical monuments and even cars. http://www.cleartheair.org/acidrain/

Search the Site Take Action Newsroom Reports Fact Sheets ... Parks in Peril Acid Rain Sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxide emissions from power plants form acids in the atmosphere that fall to earth as rain, fog, snow or dry particles. This acid precipitation (known as "acid rain") is often carried hundreds of miles by the wind. Acid rain damages forests and causes lakes and streams to become acidic, killing the fish. Acid rain also damages buildings, historical monuments and even cars. Acid Rain Formation, courtesy EPA The 1990 amendments to the Clean Air Act were a response to the national outcry over acid rain during the preceding decade, and have had significant effects. However, a recent Clear the Air report, Unfinished Business shows that the problem is far from solved, and that without tougher Acid Rain laws: Acid-sensitive streams in New York's Catskill and Adirondack Mountains will be too acidic to support a diversity of life. Atlantic salmon populations will continue to decline in Nova Scotia. Reductions in fish diversity will persist in northwest Pennsylvania. There will be a continued decline in vigor of red spruce and sugar maple throughout the Eastern United States and Canada.

130. Acid Rain Effects - Soils When acid rain falls to the earth, it undergoes a new round of physical and The extent to which soils can neutralize acid rain depends on several http://www.elmhurst.edu/~chm/vchembook/196soil.html

Acid Rain Effects Acid Rain Elmhurst College Acid Lake Effects ... Virtual ChemBook Limestone Neutralization: The sulfuric acid reacts with the limestone in a neutralization reaction. Limestone: CaCO + H SO + H CO The calcium sulfate is soluble in water and hence the limestone dissolves and crumbles. H CO gas + H O The original acid (hydrogen ions) have been converted to water in these reactions. Acid Rain - Soil Interactions Limestone Neutralization: When acid rain falls to the earth, it undergoes a new round of physical and chemical changes. These changes may reduce the acidity and change the chemical characteristics of the water reaching the streams and lakes. Alkaline or basic soils, such as those rich in limestone, calcium carbonate, can neutralize the acid directly. These types of soils are found in the Midwest, Great Plains, and most of the Western states. Neutralization Effectiveness The extent to which soils can neutralize acid rain depends on several factors: type of soil, thickness, weather, and water flow patterns. If the ground is frozen, as in the winter, soil process cannot work, the acid is not neutralized. If the soil is mainly quartz, such as sand, it is resistant to weathering and no bases are present to neutralize acid. If the soil has very little base such as limestone, the acid is neutralized only slightly or with the passage of time, not at all.

131. Chapter 6 - Neutralizing The Threat Of Acid Rain 6.9 Consider This acid rain Around the Globe (page 238). acid rain is of worldwideconcern; the issues vary around the globe. A convenient way to check http://www.mhhe.com/physsci/chemistry/cic/sr/text6.htm

Chapter 6 Neutralizing the Threat of Acid Rain Web Activities 6.9 Consider This: Acid Rain Around the Globe (page 238) Acid rain is of world-wide concern; the issues vary around the globe. A convenient way to check out the regional concerns is to do a web search. Norway Sweden Germany Japan and Canada each have at least one acid rain site. a. Use the links just provided or search another country of your choice. List the title and URL for the site(s) you visit. By what organization and for what purpose was the site posted? b. What damage is cited in the country you selected? c. Check out Acid Rain 2000, a project from Europe 6.12 Consider This: The Rain in Maine (or Texas or Alabama ...) (page 250) How acidic is the rain in your state? The answer depends both on the amounts of pollutants emitted into the air and their concentrations. EPA's Center for Environmental Information and Statistics (CEIS) can give you an estimate of the former. To obtain an environmental profile for a state, bring up the U.S. map

132. New Scientist Breaking News - Acid Rain Limits Global Warming acid rain restricts global warming by reducing methane emissions from natural But the new study shows that sulphur in acid rain may have benefits, http://www.newscientist.com/article.ns?id=dn6231

133. Acid Rain Definition - Medical Dictionary Definitions Of Popular Medical Terms Online Medical Dictionary and glossary with medical definitions. http://www.medterms.com/script/main/art.asp?articlekey=24456

134. Acid Rain, QB 95-03 Available in CDROM as part of acid rain Canadian Government Documents prepared A26J68 1991 acid rain a bibliography of Canadian federal and provincial http://www.nal.usda.gov/afsic/AFSIC_pubs/qb95-03.htm

ISSN:1052-5378 Acid Rain January 1992 - May 1994 Quick Bibliography Series no. QB 95-03 Updates QB 92-24 507 Citations from the AGRICOLA Database January 1995 Compiled By: Karl Schneider Reference Section , Reference and User Services Branch National Agricultural Library, Agricultural Research Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture Beltsville, Maryland 20705-2351 Go to: Alternative Farming Systems Information Center About the Quick Bibliography Series Document Delivery Information ... Top of Document National Agricultural Library Cataloging Record: Schneider, Karl, 1946 Acid rain. (Quick bibliography series ; 95-03) 1. Acid rainBibliography. I. Title. aZ5071.N3 no.95-03 Search Strategy DESCRIPTION SS (ACID? OR PH) (3N) (RAIN? OR RAINFALL? OR FOG? ? OR MIST? ? OR SNOW? ? OR PRECIP? OR DEPOSITION OR ATMOSPHER?)/TI,DE,ID,SH SS (SO2 OR SO3 OR SO4 OR NO2 OR NO OR NO3 OR (NITROGEN OR NITRIC OR NITROUS OR SUOPHU? OR SUOFUR?) (2N) (OXIDE? ? OR DIOXIDE? ? OR PEROXIDE? ?))/TI,DE,ID,SH S S27 (S) (S3 OR S4 OR S5 OR S6 OR S7 OR S8 OR S9 OR S10) S S28 OR S11 Acid Rain Go to: Author Index Subject Index Top of Document Citation no.:

135. Acid Rain INTRODUCTION acid rain is a great problem in our world. It causes fish acid rain on it s own is not the biggest problem. It cause many other http://www.earthsci.org/weather/acidrain/acidrain.html

Acid Rain Earth Science Australia... INTRODUCTION WHAT IS ACID RAIN EFFECTS OF ACID RAIN ... SOURCES INTRODUCTION: Acid rain is a great problem in our world. It causes fish and plants to die in our waters. As well it causes harm to our own race as well, because we eat these fish, drink this water and eat these plants. It is a problem that we must all face together and try to get rid of. However acid rain on it's own is not the biggest problem. It cause many other problems such as aluminum poisoning. Acid Rain is deadly. WHAT IS ACID RAIN? Main source of acid rain is sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides in the atmosphere. Power plants are a major source for sulfur dioxide and as well nitrogen oxide. Automobiles, trucks and buses are major contributors of nitrogen oxides in urban and suburban environments. Acid rain is all the rain, snow, mist etc that falls from the sky onto our planet that contains an unnatural acidic. It is not to be confused with uncontaminated rain that falls, for that rain is naturally slightly acidic. It is caused by today's industry. When products are

136. Knowledge Base Word Links - Acid Rain New York Publishers, 1989, William Stone acid rain. Fiend or Foe? Penguin PublishingHouse, 1987 , Pearce Fred acid rain. What is it and what is it doing to http://www.nalms.org/glossary/wordlink/acidrain.htm

Lake Word Glossary Word Links Knowledge Base Word Links Acid Rain Links Acid Rain 2000 Acid Rain Backgrounder Acid Rain Environment Canada Acid Rain FAQs - Canadian government ... Rain in Maine Part II Bibliography Acid Rain Pubs. Minnesota Lakes Association Lucent books, Inc. 1990, Steward Gail Acid Rain. New York Publishers, 1989, William Stone Acid Rain. Fiend or Foe? Penguin Publishing House, 1987 , Pearce Fred Acid Rain. What is it and what is it doing to us? Send mail to the NALMS Webmaster with questions or comments about this web site. View our link and privacy policies Last modified: November 29, 2004

137. Division Of Air Resources Pamphlet - Acid Rain Questions, anwsers and facts on acid rain. is the basic cause of acid rain.Emissions from motor vehicles, power plants and industries all contribute to http://www.dec.state.ny.us/website/dar/ood/acidrain.html

Acid Rain More information from this division: Division of Air Resources Office of the Director Other Links of Interest... Some Questions and Answers on Acid Rain What is Acid Rain? Acid rain, or precipitation, comes in many forms: rain, snow, sleet, hail and fog, and as deposits of acid particles, aerosols and gases. It is formed when sulfur dioxide and nitrogen oxides combine with moisture in the atmosphere to produce sulfuric acid and nitric acid. Click image for larger view (98KB) Paleoecological studies involving analysis of sediment cores collected during the 1980s showed that many of the study lakes became acidic only during the last 10 to 50 years, a period when air pollution and acidic deposition levels were highest. Other studies have documented that the decline and loss of entire fish populations also occurred in many lakes within the same timeframe. Big Moose Lake in the southwestern Adirondacks is an example of an important lake which has been impacted in recent decades by acidic deposition and lost important fish populations. Historical records from this 1,286-acre lake document healthy fish in the lake and in nearby streams during the 1930s. However, surveys conducted in the 1980s in the North Branch Moose River Watershed (which includes Big Moose Lake) showed a serious loss of many fish populations. How Acidic is Rain in New York State?

138. Acid Rain And Environmental Issues Background information and news on acid rain and its effects on the environment. http://greennature.com/acid_rain.php

@import url("themes/PostNuke/style/style.css"); Green Nature Home Green Nature Travel Green Nature Photography Clip Art ... Auction Aid Search Index AIR Acid Rain Air Pollution Climate Change Ozone Depletion ... Primates Energy Issues Automobiles Biomass Hydropower Nuclear Power ... Wind Global Issues Environmental Politics Africa Arctic Antarctica ... Recycling Land Forestry GM Foods Mountains National Parks ... Organic Farming Water Fresh Water Rivers Acid Rain Background information and annotated articles about acid rain issues in the United States and around the world. Acid Rain and Buildings Acid precipitation affects stone primarily in two ways: dissolution and alteration. Acid Rain and Cars Over the past two decades, there have been numerous reports of damage to automotive paints and other coatings. An Introduction to Acid Rain Acid rain is a broad term used to describe several ways that acids fall out of the atmosphere. A more precise term is acid deposition, which has two parts: wet and dry. Acid Rain And Forests Over the years, scientists, foresters, and others have watched some forests grow more slowly without knowing why. Acid Rain and Human Health Acid rain looks, feels, and tastes just like clean rain. The harm to people from acid rain is not direct.

139. Maine DEP Air Qiaulity Acid Rain acid rain is a term that refers to processes more precisely The term acidrain was first coined in 1856 by a British chemist named Robert A. Smith http://www.maine.gov/dep/air/acidrain/

Skip Maine state header navigation Agencies Online Services Web Policies ... Help State Search: DEP Air Quality Acid Rain "Acid Rain" is a term that refers to processes more precisely characterized as acid deposition. Acid deposition may occur as a result of precipitation such as rain, snow, sleet, hail, or fog; acid deposition may also occur as dry particles or dust settling out of the atmosphere. The term 'acid rain' was first coined in 1856 by a British chemist named Robert A. Smith when he observed that smoke and fumes from human activity could change the acidity of precipitation. 'Natural', or pure rain water is slightly acidic as a result of its reaction with carbon dioxide, forming a weak solution of carbonic acid. Typically, clean rainwater will have a pH in the range of 5.6 - 5.7, though actual pH values vary from place to place and depend on the presence of other gasses and particles in the air. The term pH refers to the presence of free hydrogen ions in the water (or other liquid) and is measured on a scale of 1 to 14. A pH of 7.0 is considered neutral; a pH below 7.0 is considered acidic, while a pH above 7.0 is considered to be alkaline, or basic. The pH scale is a logarithmic function; each point on the scale represents a tenfold increase (or decrease) from its nearest neighbor.

140. Our Lady Of Peace School The Computer Integration Activities are now located at a new address. Please updateyour bookmarks to http://olp.swlauriersb.qc.ca/webquest/rainwq.htm

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