1. Pliny The Younger - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia 113), better known as pliny the younger, was a lawyer, a remarkable writer, an author and a natural philosopher of Ancient Rome. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pliny_the_Younger

Pliny the Younger From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Gaius or Caius Plinius Caecilius Secundus , born Gaius or Caius Plinius Caecilius - ca. ), better known as Pliny the Younger , was a lawyer , a remarkable writer , an author and a natural philosopher of Ancient Rome Contents Background Career Writings Epistulae ... edit Background Born in Como northern Italy , the son either of a Lucius Caecilius or a landowner named Gaius or Caius Caecilius (b. Como , ca , son of Gaius or Caius Caecilius, b. Como , ca ) and his wife Plinia Marcella (b. Verona ), Pliny the Younger was also a maternal nephew of Pliny the Elder . It seems, however, since Caius or Gaius Caecilius was the name of his mother's grandfather, that his father was Lucius Caecilius, maybe the Lucius Caecilius b. ca 15 BC who was a great-grandson of Quintus Caecilius Metellus Pius Scipio. Pliny's father died at an early age when his son was still young; as a result, Pliny probably lived with his mother. His guardian and preceptor in charge of his education is known to have been Lucius Verginius Rufus , famed for quelling a revolt against Nero . After being first tutored at home, Pliny later travelled to

2. Pliny The Younger The Roman senator pliny the younger is one of the few people from Antiquity who is more to us than just a name. We possess a long inscription which mentions http://www.livius.org/pi-pm/pliny/pliny_y.htm

home index ancient Rome Pliny the Younger (1) Renaissance statue of Pliny the Younger (Como; Pliny the Younger or Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus (62-c.115): Roman senator , nephew of Pliny the Elder governor of Bithynia-Pontus (109-111), author of a famous collection of letters. The Roman senator Pliny the Younger is one of the few people from Antiquity who is more to us than just a name. We possess a long inscription which mentions his entire career, one or two of his houses have been discovered, and -more importantly- we can still read many of his letters. They are often very entertaining: he tells a ghost story, gives accounts of lawsuits, guides us through his houses, describes the friendship of a boy and a dolphin, informs us about the persecution of Christians, tells about the eruption of the Vesuvius. But we can also read his correspondence with the emperor Trajan . With the senator Cicero and the father of the church Augustine, Pliny is the best-known of all Romans. In this article, we will first describe his career, and then focus on his governorship of Bithynia-Pontus (109-111), where he was some sort of interim-manager who had to settle a troubled province . His opinions and world view will be discussed passingly - you can better read his letters. Youth Becoming senator Pliny and Domitian Pliny, Nerva, and Trajan

3. BBC - History - Pliny The Younger (c.61 AD - C.112 AD) pliny the younger was a Roman official and writer, famous for his letters which are an important source for Roman history. http://www.bbc.co.uk/history/historic_figures/pliny_the_younger.shtml

@import '/includes/tbenh.css'; @import '/history/historic_figures/css/historic_figures.css'; @import '/history/historic_figures/css/biography.css'; Home TV Radio Talk ... A-Z Index 27 January 2008 Accessibility help Text only BBC Homepage History Homepage Topics Ancient History British History World Wars Recent History Resources Interactive Content British Timeline Historic Figures History for Kids Practical History Archaeology Family History History Trails Community Message Board Newsletter Site guide Contact Us Like this page? Send it to a friend! Pliny the Younger (c.61 AD - c.112 AD) Pliny the Younger was a Roman official and writer, famous for his letters which are an important source for Roman history. Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, known as Pliny the Younger, was the son of a landowner from Comum in northern Italy. After his father's death Pliny was brought up by his uncle, Pliny the Elder, the author of a famous encyclopaedia on natural history. In 79 AD, he witnessed the eruption of Vesuvius which killed his uncle. He later described this in a letter to his friend the historian Tacitus. Pliny travelled to Rome for the later stages of his education, and later enjoyed a successful career in law and government. He entered the senate in the late 80s and as consul in 100 AD, he delivered his Panegyricus in honour of the emperor Trajan. His revised and expanded version of this speech is one of the very few surviving Latin speeches that are not by Cicero. In around 110 AD, Pliny was appointed governor of the Roman province of Bithynia-Pontusis (north-west Asia Minor).

4. Pliny The Younger Betty Radice, Letters of the Younger Pliny (Viking Press 1976) pliny the younger wrote a letter to the emperor in order to find out how to handle the http://www.earlychristianwritings.com/pliny.html

Home Other Pliny the Younger Pliny the Younger At a Glance Treatise Genre Reliability of Dating Length of Text Greek Original Language: Ancient Translations: Modern Translations: Estimated Range of Dating: 111-112 C.E. Chronological List Earlier Texts 65-80 Gospel of Mark 70-100 Epistle of James 70-120 Egerton Gospel 70-160 Gospel of Peter 70-160 Secret Mark 70-200 Fayyum Fragment 70-200 The Twelve Patriarchs 73-200 Mara Bar Serapion 80-100 2 Thessalonians 80-100 Ephesians 80-100 Gospel of Matthew 80-110 1 Peter 80-120 Epistle of Barnabas 80-130 Gospel of Luke 80-130 Acts of the Apostles 80-140 1 Clement 80-150 Gospel of the Egyptians 80-150 Gospel of the Hebrews 73-200 Christian Sibyllines 80-100 Apocalypse of John 90-120 Gospel of John Later Texts Online Text for Pliny the Younger Pliny the Younger on the Christians Pliny and the Christians (Latin and English) Online Resources for Pliny the Younger Pliny and Trajan on the Christians by Darrell Doughty Josh McDowell's "Evidence" for Jesus: Is It Reliable? (On Pliny the Younger by Jeffery Jay Lowder) Offline Resources for Pliny the Younger Betty Radice

5. Ancient History Sourcebook: Pliny The Younger: Selected Letters, C 100 CE Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, usually known as pliny the younger, was born at Como in 62 A.D. He was only eight years old when his father, Caecilius, http://www.fordham.edu/HALSALL/ANCIENT/pliny-letters.html

Back to Ancient History Sourcebook Ancient History Sourcebook: Pliny the Younger (61/62-113 CE) Selected Letters, c 100 CE Translation: William Melmoth (in Harvard Classics series) Introductory Note General Letters Part I - Letters I-X Part II - Letters XI-XX Part III - Letters XXI- XXVI Part IV - Letters XXVII-XXX Part V - Letters XXX-XL Part VI - Letters XLI-L Part VII - Letters LI-LX Part VIII - Letters LXI-LXX Part IX - Letters LXXI-LXXX Part X - Letters LXXXI-XC Part XI - Letters XCI-C Part XII - Letters CI-CX Correspondence With the Emperor Trajan Part I - Letters I-X Part II - Letters XI-XX Part III - Letters XXI-XXX Part IV - Letters XXXI-XL Part V - Letters XLI-L Part VI - Letters LI-LX Part VII - Letters LXI-LXX Part VIII - Letters LXXI-LXXX Part IX - Letters LXXXI-XC Part X - Letters XCI-C Part XI - Letters CI-CX Part XII - Letters CXI-CXX Part XIII - Letters CXXI-CXXII General Letters Part I I To Septitius You have frequently pressed me to make a select collection of my Letters (if there really be any deserving of a special preference) and give them to the public. I have selected them accordingly; not, indeed, in their proper order of time, for I was not compiling a history; but just as each came to hand. And now I have only to wish that you may have no reason to repent of your advice, nor I of my compliance: in that case, I may probably enquire after the rest, which at present lie neglected, and preserve those I shall hereafter write. Farewell. II To Arrianus III To Voconius Romanus

6. Pliny The Younger pliny the younger Roman Governor of Bithynia around 111 AD, he wrote a revealing letter to Emperor Trajan for protocol in punishing Christians. http://www.allaboutthejourney.org/pliny-the-younger.htm

Pliny The Younger You are here: The Journey Pliny The Younger Pliny the Younger Pliny the Younger (c. 62 - c.113 AD) was the Roman Governor of Bithynia (present-day northwestern Turkey). Around 111 or 112 AD, he wrote the following letter to Emperor Trajan of Rome asking for advice on how to deal with Christians. It is a rule, Sir, which I inviolably observe, to refer myself to you in all my doubts; for who is more capable of guiding my uncertainty or informing my ignorance? Having never been present at any trials of the Christians, I am unacquainted with the method and limits to be observed either in examining or punishing them. Whether any difference is to be allowed between the youngest and the adult; whether repentance admits to a pardon, or if a man has been once a Christian it avails him nothing to recant; whether the mere profession of Christianity, albeit without crimes, or only the crimes associated therewith are punishable in all these points I am greatly doubtful. In the meanwhile, the method I have observed towards those who have denounced to me as Christians is this: I interrogated them whether they were Christians; if they confessed it I repeated the question twice again, adding the threat of capital punishment; if they still persevered, I ordered them to be executed. For whatever the nature of their creed might be, I could at least feel not doubt that contumacy and inflexible obstinacy deserved chastisement. There were others also possessed with the same infatuation, but being citizens of Rome, I directed them to be carried thither.

7. Pliny The Younger --  Britannica Online Encyclopedia Britannica online encyclopedia article on pliny the younger Roman author and administrator who left a collection of private letters of great literary charm http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9060424/Pliny-The-Younger

var britAdCategory = "history"; Already a member? LOGIN Encyclopædia Britannica - the Online Encyclopedia Home Blog Advocacy Board ... Free Trial Britannica Online Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Additional Reading Print this Table of Contents Shopping New! Britannica Book of the Year The Ultimate Review of 2007. 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia Set (32-Volume Set) Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. New! Britannica 2008 Ultimate DVD/CD-ROM The world's premier software reference source. Pliny The Younger Page 1 of 1 born AD 61, or 62, Comum [Italy] died c. 113, , Bithynia, Asia Minor [now in Turkey] Latin in full Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus Roman author and administrator who left a collection of private letters of great literary charm, intimately illustrating public and private life in the heyday of the Roman Empire. Pliny The Younger... (75 of 678 words) To read the full article, activate your FREE Trial Commonly Asked Questions About Pliny The Younger Close Enable free complete viewings of Britannica premium articles when linked from your website or blog-post. Now readers of your website, blog-post, or any other web content can enjoy full access to this article on Pliny The Younger , or any Britannica premium article for free, even those readers without a premium membership. Just copy the HTML code fragment provided below to create the link and then paste it within your web content. For more details about this feature, visit our

8. Pliny The Younger C. PLINIVS CAECILIVS SECVNDVS. (63 – c. 113 A.D.). EPISTVLARVM LIBRI DECEM. Liber I Liber II Liber III Liber IV Liber V http://www.thelatinlibrary.com/pliny.html

C. PLINIVS CAECILIVS SECVNDVS EPISTVLARVM LIBRI DECEM Liber I Liber II Liber III Liber IV ... The Classics Page

9. The Letters Of Pliny The Younger This site contains a selection of letters by pliny the younger, which I used in teaching Latin 301 (The World of pliny the younger) at Bates College in http://www.vroma.org/~hwalker/Pliny/

The Letters of Pliny the Younger This site contains a selection of letters by Pliny the Younger, which I used in teaching Latin 301 (The World of Pliny the Younger) at Bates College in Maine. The introductory pages to this site are: A Brief Summary of All the Letters on this Site. An Index Arranged by Topic with Links to All the Letters on this Site. An Index Arranged by Book and Letter Number to All the Letters on this Site. The rest of the site has the text of the Letters in Latin and translations into rather archaic English. They are from the 1915 Loeb edition, which is in the public domain.

10. Pliny The Younger Collection At Bartleby.com Short biography of the orator and statesman, as well as text of the 1909 Collier translation of his letters and a selection of quotations. http://www.bartleby.com/people/PlinyYng.html

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11. Pliny The Younger - Russian River Brewing Company - Beer Advocate pliny the younger, American Double / Imperial IPA style beer from Russian River Brewing Company in Santa Rosa, California, beer reviews for Pliny The http://beeradvocate.com/beer/profile/863/21690

beers places articles events forum posts users not logged in Login Join BeerAdvocate [ it's free! ] Home Page Education Beer News Beer Styles Beer 101 Articles ... Beer Calendar Community Join BeerAdvocate Beer Forum Groups Gatherings ... Link to Us Contribute + Beer + Place + Beer Event About ... Advertise Pliny The Younger BA OVERALL A+ world class w/ 114 Reviews THE BROS N/A no reviews; yet! rAvg: 4.57 High: A+ / 5 Low: C+ / 3.2 pDev: 7% No picture uploaded. Have one? Upload it now. Review This Beer Report an Update Ratings [?] Brewed by: Russian River Brewing Company California United States Style / ABV: American Double / Imperial IPA ABV Notes: Rotating release. Serving types had: on-tap (61) growler (33) bottle (15) cask (5) No other notes at this time. View: Beers BeerFly Reviews Upcoming Events Reviews by BeerAdvocate Members Sort by: Latest High Low Top Reviewers klewis ( Akron, Ohio ) A rDev: Thanks to weeare138 for this one. Hand-bottled in a 12oz A: Pours a slightly hazier, slightly lighter amber than the Elder with a bigger head as well. Lots of spiderweb-like lacing. S: Big citrusy hop smell packed with grapefruit aroma.

12. Pliny The Younger - The Eruption Of Mt Vesuvius 79 AD - John Seach by pliny the younger (AD 61113). My dear Tacitus,. You ask me to write you something about the death of my uncle so that the account you transmit to http://www.volcanolive.com/pliny.html

Volcano Live volcanolive.com Home About News Travel ... Contact Mt Vesuvius Eruption 79 AD - John Seach by Pliny the Younger (AD 61-113) My dear Tacitus, You ask me to write you something about the death of my uncle so that the account you transmit to posterity is as reliable as possible. I am grateful to you, for I see that his death will be remembered forever if you treat it [sc. in your Histories]. He perished in a devastation of the loveliest of lands, in a memorable disaster shared by peoples and cities, but this will be a kind of eternal life for him. Although he wrote a great number of enduring works himself, the imperishable nature of your writings will add a great deal to his survival. Happy are they, in my opinion, to whom it is given either to do something worth writing about, or to write something worth reading; most happy, of course, those who do both. With his own books and yours, my uncle will be counted among the latter. It is therefore with great pleasure that I take up, or rather take upon myself the task you have set me. He was at Misenum in his capacity as commander of the fleet on the 24th of August [sc. in 79 AD], when between 2 and 3 in the afternoon my mother drew his attention to a cloud of unusual size and appearance. He had had a sunbath, then a cold bath, and was reclining after dinner with his books. He called for his shoes and climbed up to where he could get the best view of the phenomenon. The cloud was rising from a mountain-at such a distance we couldn't tell which, but afterwards learned that it was Vesuvius. I can best describe its shape by likening it to a pine tree. It rose into the sky on a very long "trunk" from which spread some "branches." I imagine it had been raised by a sudden blast, which then weakened, leaving the cloud unsupported so that its own weight caused it to spread sideways. Some of the cloud was white, in other parts there were dark patches of dirt and ash. The sight of it made the scientist in my uncle determined to see it from closer at hand.

13. Eye Witness To The Eruption Of A.D 79! Pliny s nephew, whom we know as pliny the younger, was with him at Misenum, but did not venture out on the ships with his uncle. He stayed back at Misenum http://pompeii.virginia.edu/pompeii/pliny.html

Eye Witness to the Eruption of A.D. 79! At the time of the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius in A.D. 79 the Roman fleet under the command of Pliny the Elder was stationed across the Bay of Naples at Misenum. Pliny launched ships and sailed toward the erupting volcano for closer observation and to attempt a rescue. No rescue was possible and Pliny himself died during the eruption, not in the streets of Pompeii, but across the bay at Stabiae. Pliny's nephew, whom we know as Pliny the Younger, was with him at Misenum, but did not venture out on the ships with his uncle. He stayed back at Misenum and observed the events from there. He also received first-hand reports from those who had been with his uncle at his death. Based on this information Pliny the Younger wrote two letters to the historian Tacitus that recount the events surrounding the eruption of Vesuvius and the death of Pliny the Elder. The letters survive and provide a vivid account of the events. Provided below are links to the two letters. They are translated by Professor Cynthia Damon of Amherst College and are part of her Web site for Classics 36 Pompeii and Herculaneum . The letters are used here with Professor Damon's permission. Pliny Letter VI.16

14. From Jesus To Christ: Primary Sources: Letters Of Pliny The Younger And The Empe letters of pliny the younger and the emperor trajan. Translated by William Whiston In the year 112, pliny the younger was faced with a dilemma. http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/pages/frontline/shows/religion/maps/primary/pliny.html

var loc = "../../../../"; var gaJsHost = (("https:" == document.location.protocol) ? "https://ssl." : "http://www."); document.write(unescape("%3Cscript src='" + gaJsHost + "google-analytics.com/ga.js' type='text/javascript'%3E%3C/script%3E")); These letters concern an episode which marks the first time the Roman government recognized Christianity as a religion separate from Judaism, and sets a precedent for the massive persecution of Christians that takes place in the second and third centuries. In the year 112, Pliny the Younger was faced with a dilemma. He was the governor in the Roman province of Bithynia (modern day Turkey) when a number of Christians were brought into his court. It is unclear what the initial charges are, but he ultimately decided, despite the fact that the Christians seemed generally harmless to him, that he should execute them if they refused to recant their faith. Because he is unsure as to whether he can kill them legally for no other crime than their faith, he writes to his friend the Emperor for advice. The Emperor replies that he did the right thing in excecuting them, but advises him not to seek out Christians for prosecution. Sir

15. Russian River Brewing Company pliny the younger pliny the younger was Pliny the Elder s nephew, in the case of this beer, the Younger is a triple IPA. pliny the younger is hopped http://www.russianriverbrewing.com/pages/beers/plinytheyounger.html

About Us Our Brews Awards Bottle Log ... Gift Shop Pliny the Younger 11.0%ABV / 1.098 O.G / GOBS of BUs Pliny the Younger : Pliny the Younger was Pliny the Elder's nephew, in the case of this beer, the "Younger" is a triple IPA. Pliny the Younger is hopped three times more than our standard IPA, and is dry hopped four different times. Rotational release. Available on draft in the Brewpub, in Northern California, and Southern California. 725 4th Street, Santa Rosa, CA, 95404 - 707.545.BEER - Fax: 707.545.2338 Hours: Sun. through Thurs. from 11 a.m. to 12 a.m. - Fri. and Sat. from 11 a.m. to 1 a.m. E-mail us at info@russianriverbrewing.com For bands interested in playing at the pub email bandbooking@russianriverbrewing.com Russian River Gift Shop About Us Our Brews ... Where to find RRBC beer

16. Pliny The Librarian Today I changed the name of this blog from pliny the younger to Pliny the Librarian. So far, this has been a very occasional blog - with just a few items http://plinyyoung.blogspot.com/

@import url("http://www.blogger.com/css/blog_controls.css"); @import url("http://www.blogger.com/dyn-css/authorization.css?targetBlogID=12277510"); Pliny the Librarian A personal blog on books, libraries and other common pursuits Wednesday, May 03, 2006 Pliny has moved to WordPress The blog Pliny the Librarian continues at WordPress, where you also find my Norwegian language blog Plinius . Earlier posts from Blogger (21 items) have been copied to WordPress - and indexed for easy retrieval. posted by Tord Hoivik at 10:02 AM 1 comments Wednesday, April 05, 2006 Questions about Canada Questions about Canada posted on an International Tourism Website. Obviously the answers are jokes, ... Q:I have never seen it warm on Canadian TV, so how do the plants grow? (UK) A:We import all plants fully grown and then just sit around and watch them die. Q:Will I be able to see Polar Bears in the street? (USA) A:Depends on how much you’ve been drinking. Q:I want to walk from Vancouver to Toronto - can I follow the Railroad tracks? (Sweden) A:Sure, it’s only Four thousand miles, take lots of water with you.

17. Birmingham Museum Of Art: Pompeii Exhibition The first eyewitness account of a volcanic eruption comes to us from the letters of Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, better known as pliny the younger (63 http://www.pompeiibirmingham.com/tales/letters.html

PLINY THE YOUNGER'S LETTERS The first eyewitness account of a volcanic eruption comes to us from the letters of Gaius Plinius Caecilius Secundus, better known as Pliny the Younger (63 - ca. 113 AD). Although he was a capable lawyer and administrator, Pliny the Younger is best known for his writings, the Epistulae The Elder Pliny sails into the eruption Pliny the Younger in Misenum Source: "The Destruction of Pompeii, 79 AD," EyeWitness to History, (1999). TICKETS ON SALE NOW ... DIRECTIONS Artifacts Birmingham Museum of Art 2000 Eighth Avenue North, Birmingham, Alabama 35203 www.artsbma.org Purchase Tickets www.pompeiibirmingham.com / 1.877.4.POMPEII or 205.254.2565 Membership

18. Pliny The Elder, Pliny The Younger - Crystalinks This account of Pliny the Elder s last hours comes from a letter his nephew wrote to the historian Cornelius Tacitus. This nephew, pliny the younger, http://www.crystalinks.com/pliny.html

Pliny the Elder Gaius Plinius Secundus, (23­79) better known as Pliny the Elder, was an ancient author and Natural philosopher of some importance who wrote Naturalis Historia.He was the son of a Roman eques by the daughter of the Senator Gaius Caecilius of Novum Comum. He was born at Como, not (as is sometimes supposed) at Verona: it is only as a native of Gallia Transpadana that he calls Catullus of Verona his conterraneus, or fellow-countryman, not his municeps, or fellow-townsman. Gaius Plinius Secundus, known as Pliny the Elder, was descended from a prosperous family, and he was enabled to complete his studies in Rome. At the age of 23, he began a military career by serving in Germany, rising to the rank of cavalry commander. He returned to Rome, where he possibly studied law. Until the end of Nero's reign Pliny lived in semiretirement, studying and writing. Upon the accession in AD 69 of Vespasian he returned to Rome and assumed various official positions. Of his writings only the Natural History is extant. There survive, however, a few fragments of his earlier writings on grammar, a biography of Pomponius Secundus, a history of Rome, a study of the Roman campaigns in Germany, and a book on hurling the lance.

19. Mount Vesuvius pliny the younger The following excerpts are from an account written by Pliny In terms of the age of a volcano, pliny the younger s writings are really http://www.cotf.edu/ete/modules/volcanoes/vmtvesuvius.html

Skip Navigation Mount Vesuvius Today two million people live in the immediate vicinity of Mount Vesuvius. This mountain has erupted more than 50 times since the eruption in 79 A.D., when it buried Pompeii and its sister city, Herculaneum. After Pompeii was buried and lost to history, the volcano continued to erupt every 100 years until about 1037 A.D., when it entered a 600-year period of quiescence. In 1631, the volcano killed an additional 4000 unsuspecting inhabitants. It was during the restoration after this eruption that workers discovered the ruins of Pompeii, buried and forgotten for nearly 1600 years. It would take another 300 years for the excavations to reveal the story of Pompeii and Herculaneum. For excellent coverage of Pompeii, Vesuvius, and the continuing narrative of tragic human involvement with nature, readers may want to locate a copy of Planet Earth: Volcano by Time-Life Books. The picture to the left shows Mount Vesuvius as seen from the recently excavated ruins of Pompeii. Vesuvius is about 5 miles away. Try to imagine huge, billowing, gray-black clouds like those at Mount St. Helens rushing toward you at a hundred miles an hour. That is probably what the ancient Romans (whose body casts are shown below) saw just before they were entombed by hot ash. Photo: Courtesy of Dr. James Botti.

20. Harvard University Press: Letters, I : Books 1-7 By Pliny The Younger Letters, I Books 17 by pliny the younger, published by Harvard University Press. http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/L055.html

Home Ordering Search/Browse Contact ... HUP Letters, I Books 1-7 Pliny the Younger Translator Betty Radice The Younger Pliny was born in 61 or 62 CE , the son of Lucius Caecilius of Comum (Como) and the Elder Pliny's sister. He was educated at home and then in Rome under Quintilian. He was at Misenum at the time of the eruption of Vesuvius in 79 (described in two famous letters) when the Elder Pliny died. Pliny started his career at the Roman bar at the age of eighteen. He moved through the regular offices in a senator's career, held two treasury appointments and a priesthood, and was consul in September and October 100. On this occasion he delivered the speech of thanks to the Emperor Trajan which he afterwards expanded and published as the Panegyricus . After his consulship he returned to advocacy in the court and Senate, and was also president of the Tiber Conservancy Board. His hopes of retirement were cut short when he was chosen by Trajan to go out to the province of Bithynia and Pontus on a special commission as the Emperor's direct representative. He is known to have been there two years, and is presumed to have died there before the end of 113. Book X of the Letters contains his correspondence with Trajan during this period, and includes letters about the early Christians. Pliny's Letters are important as a social document of his times. They tell us about the man himself and his wide interests, and about his many friends, including Tacitus, Martial and Suetonius. Pliny has a gift for description and a versatile prose style, and more than any of his contemporaries he gives an unprejudiced picture of Rome as he knew it.

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