1. Petrarch - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia Francesco Petrarca (July 20, 1304 – July 19, 1374), known in English as petrarch, was an Italian scholar, poet, and one of the earliest Renaissance http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrarch

Petrarch From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia Jump to: navigation search Francesco Petrarca Born 20 July Arezzo Died 19 July Arqu  Petrarca Occupation Renaissance humanist ... Nationality Italian Writing period Early Renaissance Francesco Petrarca July 20 July 19 ), known in English as Petrarch , was an Italian scholar, poet , and one of the earliest Renaissance humanists . Petrarch is often popularly called the "father of humanism". Based on Petrarch's works, and to a lesser extent those of Dante and Boccaccio Pietro Bembo in the 16th century created the model for the modern Italian language , later endorsed by the Accademia della Crusca . Petrarch is credited with perfecting the sonnet , making it one of the most popular art forms to date. Petrarch was also known for being one of the first people to call the Middle Ages the Dark Ages. Contents Biography Works Laura and poetry Philosophy ... edit Biography Petrarch says he was born on Garden Street of the city of Arezzo , just at the dawn on a Monday. He was the son of Ser Petracco . He spent his early childhood in the village of Incisa , near Florence . Petrarch spent much of his early life at Avignon and nearby Carpentras , where his family moved to follow Pope Clement V who moved there in to begin the Avignon Papacy . He studied law at Montpellier (1316–20) and Bologna (1320–23) with a life long friend and schoolmate called Guido Sette. Because his father was in the profession of law he insisted that he and his brother study law also. Petrarch however was primarily interested in writing and Latin literature and considered this seven wasted years. Additionally he proclaimed that through legal manipulation his guardians robbed him of his small property inheritance in Florence which only reinforced his dislike for the legal system. Protesting he declared, "I couldn't face making a merchandise of my mind", as he view the legal system as the art of selling justice.

2. Francesco Petrarch - Father Of Humanism Francesco petrarch, who he was, what he did, his writings, letters and poems. http://petrarch.petersadlon.com/

To begin with myself, then, the utterances of men concerning me will differ widely, since in passing judgment almost every one is influenced not so much by truth as by preference, and good and evil report alike know no bounds. PETRARCH LAURA PICTURES WRITINGS ... SITEMAP

3. Petrarch Attempts have been made to identify her, but all that is known is that petrarch met Laura in Avignon, where he had entered the household of an influential http://www.kirjasto.sci.fi/petrarca.htm

Choose another writer in this calendar: by name: A B C D ... Z by birthday from the calendar Credits and feedback TimeSearch for Books and Writers by Bamber Gascoigne Petrarch (1304-1374) - in full Francesco Petrarca Italian scholar, poet, and humanist, a major force in the development of the Renaissance, famous for his poems addressed to Laura, an idealized beloved whom he met in 1327 and who died in 1348. Attempts have been made to identify her, but all that is known is that Petrarch met Laura in Avignon, where he had entered the household of an influential cardinal. She is generally believed to have been the 19-year-old wife of Hugues de Sade. Petrarch saw her first time in the church of Saint Claire. According to several modern scholars, it is possible that Laura was a fictional character. However, she was a more realistically presented female character than in the conventional songs of the troubadours or in the literature of courtly love. "In my youth I was blessed with an agile, active body, though not particularly strong; and while I cannot boast of being very handsome, I was good-looking enough in my younger days. I had a clear complexion, between light and dark, lively eyes, and for many years sharp vision, which, however, unexpectedly deserted me when I passed my sixtieth birthday, and forced me, reluctantly, to resort to the use of glasses. Although I had always been perfectly healthy, old age assailed me with its usual array of discomforts." (from 'Letter to Posterity') Francis Petrarch (Francesco Petrarca) was born in Arezzo as the son of a notary, but he spend his early childhood in a village near Florence. His father, Ser Petracco, was expelled from Florence by the Black Guelfs, who had seized power. Also

4. CATHOLIC ENCYCLOPEDIA: Francesco Petrarch As a scholar, petrarch possessed encyclopedic knowledge, and much of this he has set down in his Latin works, which constitute the larger part of his http://www.newadvent.org/cathen/11778a.htm

Home Encyclopedia Summa Fathers ... P > Francesco Petrarch Francesco Petrarch Italian poet and humanist , b. at Arezzo family belonging originally to the region of the Valdarno, but already settled for some time at Florence. There Ser Petracco acted as clerk of one of the courts of justice , but with other White Guelphs he was banished in 1302, and went to Arezzo . Francesco's earliest years were spent chiefly at Incisa in the ancestral district of the Valdarno. In 1310 his father transferred their abode to Pisa , whence the family went to Avignon in France , which had been for about six years the papal residence. Between 1315 and 1319 the lad was trained at Carpentras under the tutelage of the Italian Convenevole da Prato . His father intended him for the legal profession, and sent him for the necessary studies to Montpellier (1319-23) and to Bologna (1323-5). Francesco disliked the career chosen for him, and devoted himself as much as possible to belles-lettres, thereby so incensing his father that, upon one occasion, the latter burned a number of his favourite ancient authors. When Ser Petracco died in 1323, Francesco returned to Avignon and took minor orders , which permitted him to enjoy church benefices and only bound him to the daily reading of his Office. He entered rather freely into the gay and fashionable

5. Petrarch Extracts from the works of Francesco Petrarca, Italy, 13041374 CE) http://www.humanistictexts.org/petrarch.htm

Authors born between 1300 and 1450 CE [ Petrarch ] Boccaccio Hafiz Ibn Khaldun Bruni ... Valla Click Up For A Summary Of Each Author Contents Introduction The Power of Poetry Admiration of Mountains, and Mind Literature and Life ... Sources Introduction Francesco Petrarca (1304-1374 CE) was born at Aresso in Tuscanny. He was initially called Francesco di Petracco, after his father, a notary who a few years earlier had been expelled from Florence along with Dante. Subsequently the family moved to Incisa, where Petrarca mastered Tuscan in his early years, later using this to great effect in his poetry. In 1313 the family moved to Carpentras, near Avignon—a cosmopolitan city that had become the residence of the popes. At his new home, Petrarch accumulated a library of classic authors and was taught grammar and logic by Convennole da Prato, between 1315 and 1319. He also discovered the beauty of the countryside at nearby Vaucluse. In deference to his father’s wishes, Petrarch studied law—first at Montpellier and later in Bologna, the center of juridical learning. However, Petrarch’s desire was to become a man of letters. When his father died leaving an insignificant inheritance, Petrarch had little choice but to become a priest. His fortune changed as a result of his friendship with Giacomo Colonna, a Roman nobleman and ecclesiastic, and Petrarch lived for some years under his patronage. In 1327 the sight of a woman called Laura brought from him an outpouring of passion in Italian sonnets for over twenty years. Petrarch achieved in this poetry a perfect marriage of form and language. Its subject was a married women whose identity is obscure. Such information as we have about her emerged after a lapse of over 400 years, under questionable circumstances. It is possible that she and Petrarch never met. In fact, one gains the impression that the poems may not be addressed to an individual but to an abstract concept of women in general. Nevertheless, Petrarch’s consummate skill in the sonnet as a new form of poetry conquered Europe. So much so, that this became the preferred form for poets such as Ronsard, Gongora, Spenser and

6. Petrarch — Infoplease.com At Avignon in 1327 petrarch first saw Laura, who was to inspire his great vernacular love lyrics. His verse won growing fame, and in 1341 he was crowned http://www.infoplease.com/ce6/people/A0838624.html

Site Map FAQ in All Infoplease Almanacs Biographies Dictionary Encyclopedia Spelling Checker Daily Almanac for Jan 27, 2008 Search White Pages Skip Navigation Home Almanacs ... Word of the Day Editor's Favorites 2007 Year in Review Black History Month Leap Year Martin Luther King Day ... 2008 Calendar Search: Infoplease Info search tips Search: Biographies Bio search tips google_ad_client = 'pub-1894504138907931'; google_ad_width = 120; google_ad_height = 240; google_ad_format = '120x240_as'; google_ad_type = 'text'; google_ad_channel =''; google_color_border = ['336699','B4D0DC','DFF2FD','B0E0E6']; google_color_bg = ['FFFFFF','ECF8FF','DFF2FD','FFFFFF']; google_color_link = ['0000FF','0000CC','0000CC','000000']; google_color_url = ['008000','008000','008000','336699']; google_color_text = ['000000','6F6F6F','000000','333333']; Encyclopedia Petrarch Petrarch key or Francesco Petrarca key , Italian poet and humanist, one of the great figures of Italian literature. He spent his youth in Tuscany and Avignon and at Bologna. He returned to Avignon in 1326, may have taken lesser ecclesiastic orders, and entered the service of Cardinal Colonna, traveling widely but finding time to write numerous lyrics, sonnets, and canzoni. At Avignon in 1327 Petrarch first saw Laura, who was to inspire his great vernacular love lyrics. His verse won growing fame, and in 1341 he was crowned laureate at Rome. Petrarch's friendship with the republican Cola di Rienzi inspired the famous ode Italia mia.

7. Petrarch The following literal translation of petrarch s Sonnet 140, translated by Wyatt and Surrey, is taken from p. 9 of The English Sonnet by Patrick Cruttwell http://www.sonnets.org/petrarch.htm

Francesco Petrarca (Petrarch) (1304-1374) Biography of Petrarch Encyclopedia Britannica Selected poems of Petrarch in side-by-side Italian and English translation. The following literal translation of Petrarch's Sonnet 140, translated by Wyatt and Surrey , is taken from p. 9 of The English Sonnet Love, who lives and reigns in my thought and keeps his principal seat in my heart, comes like an armed warrior into my forehead, there places himself and there sets up his banner. She who teaches me to love and to suffer and who wishes that reason, modesty and reverence should restrain my great desire and burning hope, thrusts aside and disdains our ardour. Wherefore Love in terror flies to my heart, abandoning all his enterprise, and laments and trembles; there he hides himself and no more appears without. What can I do, when my lord is afraid, except stay with him until the last hour? For he makes a fine end who dies loving well. In his interesting discussion of the sonnet, Cruttwell points out that although Surrey's translation is the more "faithful" one, Wyatt has created the finer English poem. He attributes some of the challenge of translation to the "full-bodied" sound of the abstract words in Italian as opposed to English and also to different values of the Italian and the pragmatic English literary cultures. Below, some more English translations of Petrarch.

8. Middle Ages :: Petrarch Francesco petrarch was born in Arezzo the son of a notary, and spent his early childhood in the village of Incisa, near Florence. His father, Ser Petracco, http://www.themiddleages.net/people/petrarch.html

Francesco Petrarch Biography Francesco Petrarch was born in Arezzo the son of a notary, and spent his early childhood in the village of Incisa, near Florence. His father, Ser Petracco, had been banished from Florence in 1302 by the Black Guelphs, due to his political connections with Dante. Petrarch spent much of his early life at Avignon, where his family moved to follow Pope Clement V who moved there in 1309 during a papal schism, and nearby Carpentras, both in Vaucluse. He studied at Montpellier (1319 - 23) and moved to Bologna, where he studied law in 1323-25. Though trained in law and religion, Petrarch was primarily interested in writing and Latin literature, sharing this passion with his friend Giovanni Boccaccio. In search for old Latin classics and manuscripts, he traveled through France, Germany, Italy, and Spain. With his first large scale work, Africa an epic in Latin Petrarch emerged as a European celebrity. On April 26th, 1336 Petrarch together with his brother and two other companions climbed to the top of Mont Ventoux (1,909 m; 6,263 ft). He wrote an account of the trip, composed considerably later as a letter to his friend Francesco Dionigi. At the time, it was unusual to climb a mountain for no other reason than the experience itself. Therefore, April 26th, 1336 is regarded as the "birthday of alpinism", and Petrarch (Petrarca alpinista) as the "father of alpinism".

9. The Petrarchan Grotto Links for several versions. http://petrarch.freeservers.com/

10. Petrarch binding manuscript1 petrarch Laura manuscript2. Yale University / Yale University Library / Contact Us / Search the Site © September 2004 Yale University http://www.library.yale.edu/beinecke/brbleduc/petrarch/index.html

Yale University Yale University Library Contact Us Search the Site Yale University Yale University Library Contact Us Search the Site ... email comments to ellen.cordes@yale.edu

11. Petrarch Biography Francesco Petrarca, also known simply as petrarch, was born on July 20, 1304, in Arrezo, Italy. He followed his father, who had been exiled for political http://www.petrarch.net/

@import url(frame/default.css); Francesco Petrarca deutsch english "Passio. 1510" Details Biography Works Art Market/Services Literature Contact Arezzo 1304 - Argua 1374

12. Medieval Sourcebook: Francesco Petrarch: Letters, C 1372 petrarch, or Petrarca, (13041374) a poet, historian, and scholar, petrarch was absorbed with the classics and introduced them to his contemporaries. http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/source/petrarch1.html

Back to Medieval Source Book Medieval Sourcebook: Francesco Petrarch: Letters, c 1372 Petrarch, or Petrarca, (1304-1374) a poet, historian, and scholar, Petrarch was absorbed with the classics and introduced them to his contemporaries. He is seen as a forerunner of the Renaissance. He was a great letter writer, and wrote some odd letters to dead figures of the past. Here are some samples FRANCESCO PETRARCH: TO POSTERITY Greetings. It is possible that some word of me may have come to you, though even this is doubtful, since an insignificant and obscure name will scarcely penetrate far in either time or space. If, however, you should have heard of me, you may desire to know what manner of man I was, or what was the outcome of my labours, especially those of which some description or, at any rate, the bare titles may have reached you. I possessed a well-balanced rather than a keen intellect, one prone to all kinds of good wholesome study, but especially inclined to al philosophy and the art of poetry. The latter indeed, I neglected as time went on, and took delight in sacred literature. Finding in that it hidden sweetness which I had once esteemed but lightly, I came to regard the works of the poets as only amenities. Among the many subjects which interested me, I dwelt especially ,Upon antiquity, for our own age has always I repelled me, so that, had it not been for the love of those dear to me, I should have preferred to .,have been born in any other period than our own. In order to forget my own times, I have continually striven to place myself in spirit in other ,ages, and consequently I delighted in history; ,not that the conflicting statements did not :offend me, but when in doubt I accepted what Reappeared to me most probable, or yielded to the "authority of the writer.

13. Petrarch At 700 In conjunction with that conference, the libraries of Cornell University and the University of Pennsylvania are jointly mounting an exhibition, petrarch at http://www.library.upenn.edu/exhibits/rbm/petrarch/

document.write('Library Home'); Choose a Library Ask Us/Get Help Site Index Penn ... Back to full page FindI t: Anywhere In e-resource title only Search Franklin An exhibition of books and manuscripts from the collections of Cornell University Library and the University of Pennsylvania Library March 29th through May 21st 2004 The University of Pennsylvania celebrates the seven hundredth anniversary of Francesco Petrarca's birth in 1304 with an international conference devoted to current studies of his works. In conjunction with that conference, the libraries of Cornell University and the University of Pennsylvania are jointly mounting an exhibition, Petrarch at 700 Enter web exhibition here Made possible by support from the National Italian American Foundation. www.niaf.org library@pobox.upenn.edu

14. Petrarch Poems from petrarch s Canzoniere Page 5. CXXXII S amor non è, che dunque è quel ch io sento? . Continuing this fifteen year long sorrow. petrarch Forever http://www.translations-ink.com/Canzon5.html

Poems from Petrarch's Canzoniere Page 5 CXXXII S'amor non è, che dunque è quel ch'io sento? Ma s'egli è amor, perdio, che cosa et quale? Se bona, onde l'effecto aspro mortale? Se ria, onde sí dolce ogni tormento? S'a mia voglia ardo, onde 'l pianto e lamento? S'a mal mio grado, il lamentar che vale? O viva morte, o dilectoso male, come puoi tanto in me, s'io no 'l consento? Et s'io 'l consento, a gran torto mi doglio. Fra sí contrari vènti in frale barca mi trovo in alto mar senza governo, sí lieve di saver, d'error sí carca ch'i' medesmo non so quel ch'io mi voglio, et tremo a mezza state, ardendo il verno. CXXXII If no love is, O God, what fele I so? And if love is, what thing and which is he? If love be good, from whennes cometh my woo? If it be wikke, a wonder thynketh me, When every torment and adversite That cometh of hym may to me savory thinke, For ay thurst I, the more that ich it drynke. And if that at myn owen lust I brenne, From whennes cometh my waillynge and my pleynte? If harm agree me, wherto pleyne I thenne? I noot, ne whi unwery that I feynte.

15. Petrarch --  Britannica Online Encyclopedia Britannica online encyclopedia article on petrarch Italian scholar, poet, and Humanist whose poems addressed to Laura, an idealized beloved, contributed to http://www.britannica.com/eb/article-9059490/Petrarch

var britAdCategory = "literature"; Already a member? LOGIN Encyclopædia Britannica - the Online Encyclopedia Home Blog Advocacy Board ... Free Trial Britannica Online Content Related to this Topic This Article's Table of Contents Introduction Education and early poems. Major Works Additional Reading Print this Table of Contents Linked Articles Colonna Laura Shopping New! Britannica Book of the Year The Ultimate Review of 2007. 2007 Britannica Encyclopedia Set (32-Volume Set) Revised, updated, and still unrivaled. New! Britannica 2008 Ultimate DVD/CD-ROM The world's premier software reference source. Petrarch Page 1 of 7 born July 20, 1304, Arezzo, Tuscany [Italy] Petrarch, engraving Italian in full Francesco Petrarca Petrarch... (75 of 2898 words) To read the full article, activate your FREE Trial Commonly Asked Questions About Petrarch Close Enable free complete viewings of Britannica premium articles when linked from your website or blog-post. Now readers of your website, blog-post, or any other web content can enjoy full access to this article on Petrarch , or any Britannica premium article for free, even those readers without a premium membership. Just copy the HTML code fragment provided below to create the link and then paste it within your web content. For more details about this feature, visit our Webmaster and Blogger Tools page Copy and paste this code into your page var dc_UnitID = 14; var dc_PublisherID = 15588; var dc_AdLinkColor = '009900'; var dc_adprod='ADL'; var dc_open_new_win = 'yes'; var dc_isBoldActive= 'no';

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17. Petrarch: A Young Lady Beneath A Green Laurel (2) The laurel is an evergreen, and burning ice and snow are impossible; so petrarch is saying he will never quiet his heart or dry his eyes he will love http://www.wsu.edu:8080/~wldciv/world_civ_reader/world_civ_reader_1/petrarch.htm

Petrarch: A young lady beneath a green laurel (mid-14th century) What qualities does Petrarch ascribe to Laura? Who is more vividly depicted in this poem, the lover or his beloved? A young lady beneath a green laurel I saw, whiter and colder than is a snow (1) untouched by the sun for many, many years; and her speech and her beauty and her face and all her hair so pleased me that I carry her before my eyes forever wherever I am, on hill or shore. When my thoughts will come to rest on that shore when the green leaves are no more on the laurel, when I have quieted my heart, dried my eyes, then you will see burning ice and snow; (1) to await that day, I have fewer hairs than I would be willing to spend in years. But because time flies and fleeing go the years and death suddenly casts one from shore, crowned either with brown or with white hair, (2) I will follow the shadow of that sweet laurel through the burning sun or through the snow, until the last day closes these eyes. Never have there been seen such beautiful eyes, in our times or in the first years

18. Francesco Petrarch Francis petrarch Selections from his Correspondences from James Harvey Robinson, ed. and trans. Francesco Petrarca The First Modern Scholar and Man of http://history.hanover.edu/early/petrarch.html

Francis Petrarch Selections from his Correspondences from James Harvey Robinson, ed. and trans. Francesco Petrarca: The First Modern Scholar and Man of Letters (New York: G.P. Putnam, 1898) Hanover Historical Texts Project Scanned by Jason Boley and Jacob Miller in August, 1995. Proofread by Monica Banas, Stephanie Hammett, and Heather Haralson in April, 1996. Contents Selection 1 - Francesco Petrarch to Posterity Selection 2 - Petrarch's Preface to his First Collection of Letters Selection 3 - Petrarch's Passion for Work - The Trials of a Man of Letters Selection 4 - The Visit to the Goldsmith at Bergamo ... Return to Texts and Documents Please send comments to: luttmer@hanover.edu

19. Francesco Petrarca petrarch spent much of his early life in Avignon, was educated in Montpellier and Bologna, but returned to work in various clerical offices in Avignon when http://www.poetry-portal.com/poets30.html

Beginners Section what is a poem? as pleasure creative writing self knowledge as therapy as art form traditional modernist postmodernist experimental writing cycle themes originality shaping persuasion word choice imagery rhythm critiquing performing publicizing publishing books SELECT Advanced Section rhythm word choice imagery metaphor sound persuasion poetry clinic what is poetry? truth in poetry philos. truth math. truth scientific truth poetic myths cont. philos. hermeneutics post-struct. brain function trad. criticism new criticism freudian crit. jungian crit. myth criticism metaphor crit. rhetorical crit. stylistics p-struct. crit. complexity crit. trad. poetry symbolism nonconfs. modernism postmodern. economics. sociology poetry scene why write poetry books SELECT poetry archives canonical verse american poetry poetry archives ... reading poetry Francesco Petrarca The humanist literature of Europe begins with Francesco Petrarca , who was born in Arezzo but brought up in southeast France, his parents being exiled by the same Florentine decree as

20. Francesco Petrarch Francesco petrarch Born of an exiled Florentine family, Francesco petrarch was urged by his bourgeois father to study law. Francesco petrarch with. http://latter-rain.com/eccle/petrarch.htm

Francesco Petrarch The founder of Renaissance Christian humanism was Francesco Petrarch. Born of an exiled Florentine family in 1304, Petrarch was urged by his bourgeois father to study law. Petrarch came upon the works of Cicero in the course of his reading and was led to a passion for all the classics. When his father died, he gave up law and turned to a life of scholarship, he was obliged to pursue and disseminate learning, secure individual integrity, and harmonize classical genius with divine revelation. It was Petrarch who first undertook the collection of ancient manuscripts. He persuaded others to join him in a search through monastic and cathedral libraries that took him all over Italy and into France and Germany as well. His private library, the first of its kind, became a model for scholars and educated gentlemen, his enthusiasm was contagious. Following his example many sons of the well-to-do took up the search and began to build their own libraries. Wealthy patrons became interested and by the 15th century had founded such famous libraries as the Laurentian in Florence, St. Mark's in Venice, and the Vatican in Rome. Francesco Petrarch to Posterity [p.59] Greeting.-It is possible that some word of me may have come to you, though even this is doubtful, since an insignificant and obscure name will scarcely penetrate far in either time or space. If, however, you should have heard of me, you may desire to know what manner of man I was, or what was the outcome of my labours, especially those of which some description or, at any rate, the bare titles may have reached you.

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