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Turkmenistan History:     more books (68)

TURKMENISTAN: An entry from Gale's <i>Cities of the World</i> "Zheng-i Merv" Source and History of Southern Turkmenistan in the Mid-19th Century"Zheng-e Merv" kak persidskii istochnik po izucheniyu istorii Yuznovo Turkmenistana serediny 19 v. (Russian Edition) by M Saparov, 1990 Turkmenistan: Terre d'histoire et de progrès (Turkmenistan: Land of History and Progress) Iranian peoples: Ancient Iranian peoples, Indo-Iranians, History of Iran, Persian Empire, History of the Kurdish people, History of Afghanistan, History ... History of Turkmenistan, History of Pakistan Education in Turkmenistan: Museums in Turkmenistan, Universities in Turkmenistan, Ashgabat National Museum of History Turkmenistan in the Mirror of World History (Three Epochs of Grandeur and Glory) by V.M. Masson, 2000-01-01 Southern Turkmenistan in the Neolithic (bar s) by Jennifer Coolidge, 2005-01 21st Century Complete Guide to Turkmenistan - Encyclopedic Coverage, Country Profile, History, DOD, State Dept., White House, CIA Factbook (Two CD-ROM Set) by U.S. Government, 2007-10-12 DISPUTED DRILLING RIGHTS IN THE CASPIAN SEA: An entry from Gale's <i>History Behind the Headlines, Vols. 1-6</i> by Jim Nichol, 2002 Aziaty: Istoricheskii roman (Russian Edition) by Valentin Rybin, 1994 The Ends of the Earth: From Togo to Turkmenistan, from Iran to Cambodia, a Journey to the Frontiers of Anarchy by Robert D. Kaplan, 1997-01-28 Turkmenistan (Cultures of the World) by Marylee Knowlton, 2006-03-30 Chalcolithic Anthropomorphic Figurines from Ilgynly-depe, Southern Turkmenistan: Classification, analysis and catalogue (bar s) by Natalia F. Solovyova, 2005-12-31 Central Asia and the World: Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, Kyrgyzstan, and Turkmenistan

lists with details

21. Turkmenistan Travel Guide: Travel With PATA - Your One-Stop Guide To Travel In A
    turkmenistan history. Though never a goal in itself, the sunscorched, barren land between the Caspian Sea and the Amu-Darya passed in ancient times from  
    http://www.turkmenistan.travelwithpata.com/history.html
    
    Extractions: Agzybirlik was banned when it showed signs of garnering too much support, though the CPT did declare sovereignty in August 1990. In October 1990 Saparmurad Niyazov, unopposed and supposedly with the blessing of 98% of voters, was elected to the newly created post of president. One year later, upon the collapse of the Soviet Union, Turkmenistan became an independent country. The years since independence have belonged to President Niyazov, authoritarian head of the Democratic Party (DPT), the new name judiciously adopted by the old (and in no way altered) CPT. With his statue on every available pedestal, a clutch of towns renamed after him and enough public portraits to fill the world's galleries, Niyazov is the focus of a personality cult that makes Lenin look shy and retiring. He's now adopted the modest title of Turkmenbashi (Head of all Turkmen); parliament has named him president for life, though Niyazov has said he will step down by 2010. Opposition parties and newspapers are banned and, though there are grumblings of dissent, Niyazov genuinely does enjoy considerable popular appeal. The failure of oil and gas wealth to make an impact on empty shop shelves combined with rampant corruption may see this support erode.

22. Turkmenistan History
    turkmenistan history overview of historic events. World66 the travel guide you write. Recent Changes. You are not logged in login register  
    http://www.world66.com/asia/centralasia/turkmenistan/history
    
    Extractions: Turkmenistan History - overview of historic events the travel guide you write Recent Changes Map View Enlargement [edit this] [Upload image] In the area of the middle and lower Syrdariya in the eighth century. By the tenth century the Oghuz had expanded west and north of the Aral Sea and into the steppe of present-day Kazakstan absorbing not only Iranians but also Turks from the Kipchak and Karluk ethnolinguistic groups. In the eleventh century the renowned Muslim Turk scholar Mahmud al-Kashgari described the language of the Oghuz and Turkmen as distinct from that of other Turks and identified twenty-two Oghuz clans or sub-tribes some of which appear in later Turkmen genealogies and legends as the core of the early Turkmen. Oghuz expansion by means of military campaigns went at least as far as the Volga River and Ural Mountains but the geographic limits of their dominance fluctuated in the steppe areas extending north and west from the Aral Sea. Accounts of Arab geographers and travelers portray the Oghuz ethnic group as lacking centralized authority and being governed by a number of "kings" and "chieftains." Because of their disparate nature as a polity and the vastness of their domains Oghuz tribes rarely acted in concert. Hence by the late tenth century the bonds of their confederation began to loosen. At that time a clan leader named Seljuk founded a dynasty and the empire that bore his name on the basis of those Oghuz elements that had migrated southward into present-day Turkmenistan and Iran. The Seljuk Empire was centered in Persia from which Oghuz groups spread into Azerbaijan and Anatolia.

23. Turkmenistan History
    History. Like the other Central Asian republics, Turkmenistan underwent the intrusion and rule of several foreign powers before falling under first Russian  
    http://www.country-studies.com/turkmenistan/history.html
    
    Extractions: History Like the other Central Asian republics, Turkmenistan underwent the intrusion and rule of several foreign powers before falling under first Russian and then Soviet control in the modern era. Most notable were the Mongols and the Uzbek khanates, the latter of which dominated the indigenous Oghuz tribes until Russian incursions began in the late nineteenth century. Sedentary Oghuz tribes from Mongolia moved into present-day Central Asia around the eighth century. Within a few centuries, some of these tribes had become the ethnic basis of the Turkmen population. The Oghuz and the Turkmen The origins of the Turkmen may be traced back to the Oghuz confederation of nomadic pastoral tribes of the early Middle Ages, which lived in present-day Mongolia and around Lake Baikal in present-day southern Siberia. Known as the Nine Oghuz, this confederation was composed of Turkic-speaking peoples who formed the basis of powerful steppe empires in Inner Asia. In the second half of the eighth century, components of the Nine Oghuz migrated through Jungaria into Central Asia, and Arabic sources located them under the term Guzz in the area of the middle and lower Syrdariya in the eighth century. By the tenth century, the Oghuz had expanded west and north of the Aral Sea and into the steppe of present-day Kazakstan, absorbing not only Iranians but also Turks from the Kipchak and Karluk ethnolinguistic groups. In the eleventh century, the renowned Muslim Turk scholar Mahmud al-Kashgari described the language of the Oghuz and Turkmen as distinct from that of other Turks and identified twenty-two Oghuz clans or sub-tribes, some of which appear in later Turkmen genealogies and legends as the core of the early Turkmen.

24. Turkmenistan History, Geography, Economy And Government
    Find Turkmenistan country information and facts from factrover.  
    http://www.factrover.com/Turkmenistan.html

25. Articles On Turkmenistan History
    Articles on turkmenistan history. IndoTurkmenistan Relations And The Formation Of Cultural Heritage Of Turkmenistan In Middle Ages  
    http://turkmeniya.tripod.com/id15.html

26. HISTORY OF TURKMENISTAN
    Brief History of Turkmenistan Articles on turkmenistan history The Turkmen Hun Empire The Gok Turkmen (Turk) Empire The Turkmen Seljuk Empire  
    http://turkmeniya.tripod.com/
    
    Extractions: Search: Lycos Tripod 40 Yr Old Virgin Share This Page Report Abuse Edit your Site ... Next HISTORY OF TURKMENISTAN Home History Articles Gok Turkmen Seljuk Empire ... Turkmen Carpets States and Empires Built by the Turkmen Brief History of Turkmenistan Articles on Turkmenistan History The Turkmen Hun Empire The Gok Turkmen (Turk) Empire ... Articles on Turkmen Carpets SELJUK, FOUNDER OF TURKMEN SELJUK DYNASTY

27. Turkmenistan History: Books On Turkmenistan History
    Search results for turkmenistan history, books on turkmenistan history.  
    http://www.campusi.com/keyword_Turkmenistan_History.htm

28. Turkmenistan History & Turkmenistan Culture | IExplore
    turkmenistan history The territory of what is now Turkmenistan provided the bedrock for many of the most powerful empires of their age.  
    http://www.iexplore.com/dmap/Turkmenistan/History
    
    Extractions: The territory of what is now Turkmenistan provided the bedrock for many of the most powerful empires of their age. The Parthians, the Seljuks and the Khans of Khoresm all based their empires at various points on the edge of the Kara-Kum Desert, while Alexander the Great conquered the region during his epic campaign of the fourth century BC. The influence of Islam dates from the seventh century AD, when the region was under Arab control. Modern-day Turkmen are descended from tribes that migrated to the area in the 10th century from the northeast. Around 300 years later, Genghis Khan arrived from the same direction and incorporated Turkmenistan into his expanding empire. From the 15th century, the area was under Persian domination until the Russian move into Central Asia at the end of the 19th century. Turkmenistan fell into the British sphere of influence but the Bolsheviks took control of the region in 1920 and incorporated Turkmenistan as a union republic in 1925.

29. ☞ Turkmenistan Travel, Business, Real Estate, For Sale, Jobs, Technology,
    Turkmenistan Topic Index Classifieds1000 World Message Board Turkmenistan Export Turkmenistan For Sale Turkmenistan Gay turkmenistan history  
    http://board.classifieds1000.com/Turkmenistan
    
    Extractions: Add New Message to Turkmenistan, Expat Discussion Board Please submit a new discussion here. HTML is not allowed and you are encouraged to seperate your paragraphs with a double blank line for readablity. Please make sure your message is relevant to Turkmenistan and the selected topic. Everything you enter will be published. Location: Turkmenistan Subject: Topic: Select Topic Art and Artists Business Cars Entertainment Expat Export For Sale Gay History Import Investments Jobs Life Miscellanous News Headlines Politics Real Estate Retirement Sports Technology Travel Wanted Name: E-Mail: Optional (please add link to our directory first) Web Link: Link Title: Message: Submit Message. Please do not post the same message more than once.

30. Turkmenistan History
    TURKMENISTAN. Historical Background Historical Setting Origins and Early History Formation of the Turkmen Nation Incorporation into Russia  
    http://www.countryreports.org/history/tmtoc.aspx?countryid=245&countryName=Turkm

31. Turkmenistan Map And Information Page
    arrow turkmenistan history here arrow Turkmenistan Tourism here arrow Regional country name definitions here! arrow The meaning of stan here!  
    http://www.worldatlas.com/webimage/countrys/asia/tm.htm
    
    Extractions: Every effort is made to be as accurate as possible when disseminating information on any worldwide destination. We are not responsible for unintentional data entry errors or omissions. If you would like to submit an addition, change or correction, or suggest a new link, please forward it to our map department and we will give it our immediate attention.

32. ALMISBAH: Regions, Nations And Peoples: Particular Regions: Turkic Peoples Of Mi
    Particular Regions Turkic Peoples of Middle Asia turkmenistan history, Politics (WWW) 3. Turkmenistan Personenkult statt Demokratisierung  
    http://ssgdoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/vlib/ssgfi/subject/almisbah_ssg0302080303_
    
    Extractions: 1. Electionworld : Elections around the world Source Type Virtual Libraries, Internet Directories and Link Lists URL http://www.electionworld.org/ Keywords politics; elections; political parties; directories; Afghanistan; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Bahrain; Iraq; Syria; Lebanon; Jordan; Mauritania; Algeria; Libya; Egypt; Sudan; Cyprus; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Iran; Tajikistan; Turkey; Armenia; Georgia; Azerbaijan; Uzbekistan; Turkmenistan; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 2. Turkmenistan : Government and Politics Source Type Official Governmental Server URL http://www.turkmenbashi.org/ Keywords Turkmenistan; government; politics; country information DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 3. Turkmenistan : Personenkult statt Demokratisierung Source Type Single Articles / Books URL http://www.fes.de/fulltext/id/00110.html Keywords Turkmenistan; economy; economic development; politics; Middle Asia

33. ALMISBAH: Regions, Nations And Peoples: Particular Regions: Turkic Peoples Of Mi
    Particular Regions Turkic Peoples of Middle Asia turkmenistan history, Politics (WWW) 2. Turkmenistan Personenkult statt Demokratisierung  
    http://ssgdoc.bibliothek.uni-halle.de/vlib/css_ssgfi/subject/almisbah_ssg0302080
    
    Extractions: 1. Electionworld : Elections around the world Source Type Virtual Libraries, Internet Directories and Link Lists URL http://www.electionworld.org/ Keywords politics; elections; political parties; directories; Afghanistan; Saudi Arabia; Kuwait; Qatar; United Arab Emirates; Oman; Bahrain; Iraq; Syria; Lebanon; Jordan; Mauritania; Algeria; Libya; Egypt; Sudan; Cyprus; Ethiopia; Eritrea; Djibouti; Somalia; Iran; Tajikistan; Turkey; Armenia; Georgia; Azerbaijan; Uzbekistan; Turkmenistan; Kazakhstan; Kyrgyzstan DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links 2. Turkmenistan : Personenkult statt Demokratisierung Source Type Single Articles / Books URL http://www.fes.de/fulltext/id/00110.html Keywords Turkmenistan; economy; economic development; politics; Middle Asia DETAILS Contents Clarity Index Links

34. Turkmenistan History Politics Welayatlar Geography
    turkmenistan history Politics Welayatlar Geography Canadian Gateway, Business Guides, Entertainment, Travel. Listing and reviews of Canadian Web sites.  
    http://www.masterliness.com/a/Turkmenistan.htm
    
    Extractions: var GLB_RIS='http://www.masterliness.com';var GLB_RIR='/cincshared/external';var GLB_MMS='http://www.masterliness.com';var GLB_MIR='/site/image';GLB_MML='/'; document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); document.write(''); Science People Non User Locations ... Timeline A2('N'); Index: A B C D ... Z A3('s','.','htm','','N'); Contents 1 History Turkmenistan , once known as the Turkmen Soviet Socialist Republic is a country in Central Asia . It has borders with Afghanistan Iran Kazakhstan Uzbekistan and has a coastline on the Caspian Sea Türkmenistanyn Respublikasy Turkmenistan In Detail (Full size) National motto none Official language Turkmen Capital Ashgabat ... Area

35. Trip To Kunya-Urgench - The Centre Of World Heritage :: Historical & Architectur
    Historical architectural tourism in Turkmenistan. turkmenistan history. Duration 3 days, 2 nights Kind of route auto tour Season all year  
    http://www.orexca.com/historical_tour16.shtml

36. Useful Turkmenistan Links
    turkmenistan history, culture and horses. Historical timeline by BBC http//news.bbc.co.uk/hi/english/world/asia-pacific/newsid_1298000/1298522.stm  
    http://www.usemb-ashgabat.usia.co.at/linkstm.html

37. Turkmenistan - Learning Links
    Keywords turkmenistan history, Turkmenistan resources, Turkmenistan culture, Turkmenistan websites, Turkmenistan country reports, Turkmenistan,  
    http://www.classbrain.com/art_cr/publish/turkmenistan_learning_links.shtml

38. World History Blog: History & Culture Of Turkmenistan
    History Culture of Turkmenistan Information on this countries history starting from early rulers in the 4th Century BC, arrival of Oguz, Soviet regime  
    http://world-history-blog.blogspot.com/2004/12/history-culture-of-turkmenistan.h
    
    Extractions: What does this mean? BlogThis! Blog that features different aspects of world history. I can't cover it all but sites dealing with any historical issue or topic are possible future posts. Also includes sites which discuss teaching history. Some descriptions for sites are taken from the Open Directory Project. - Information on this countries history starting from early rulers in the 4th Century B.C, arrival of Oguz, Soviet regime and ending with independence on October 27, 1991. Created and hosted by the Embassy of Turkmenistan in Washington, DC. Tools from the Stone-Age have been discovered along the Caspian Seashore and near the modern port of Turkmenbashi, establishing thepre-historic presence of humans in the area that is today known asTurkmenistan. The remains of farming settlements in the Kopet-DagMountains date back 8,000 years. The ancient cultivators in this regionused the mountain streams to irrigate their crops. They also survived byherding livestock and by hunting wild game. As early societies learned to make pottery and metal tools, they began totrade with other peoples of central Asia. This profitable trade however,also attracted foreign invaders. By the 6th century B.C., the powerfulPersian Empire had established the provinces of Parthia and Margiana, inwhat is now Turkmenistan. From their base south of the Kopet-Dagrange, the Persians controlled trade through central Asia and subdued themany nomadic peoples who lived on Turkmenistan's arid plains.

39. CyberSleuthKids: Turkmenistan
    turkmenistan history Tour Thumbnails Turkmenistan photographic history tour. Lot s of pictures. http //icctm.org/Gallery/History/Thumbnails/ul  
    http://cybersleuth-kids.com/sleuth/Geography/Asia/Turkmenistan/index1.htm

40. WHKMLA : History Of Turkmenistan, Since 1991
    Ever since Turkmenistan became independent, SAPARMURAT NIZAYOV occupies the presidency. EXTERNAL FILES, Timeline of turkmenistan history, from BBC News  
    http://www.zum.de/whkmla/region/centrasia/turkmensince1991.html
    
    Extractions: Ever since Turkmenistan became independent, SAPARMURAT NIZAYOV occupies the presidency. The RED ARMY is still stationed on Turkmen soil; Turkmenistan joined the CIS and the UNITED NATIONS. The country pursued a policy of cautious economic opening; her reserves of NATURAL GAS are being developed; a pipeline leading into Iran was opened in 1998. In 1993 a new currency, the MANAT, was introduced. The capital is now spelled ASHGABAD.

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