The Land Issue settler vs. indigenous African people obscures major differences in each group, do the Tonga and other groups including the shona, Ndebele, http://www.scholars.nus.edu.sg/landow/post/zimbabwe/politics/land1.html
Zfsheet09 indigenous people s knowledge of climatic and soil factors makes it possible forthem Perspectives on indigenous Knowledge Systems in Southern africa. http://www.sardc.net/imercsa/zambezi/zfsheet/zfsheet09.html
Extractions: Musokotwane Environment Resource Centre for Southern Africa I M E R C S A Factsheet 9: Indigenous Knowledge Systems Factsheet No#9: Indigenous Knowledge Systems The traditional history of southern African societies is manifested in the hills, mountains, valleys, burial grounds and in specific sacred and historical sites. Indigenous Knowledge Systems (IKS) refers to a body of knowledge and beliefs built by a group of people, and handed down generations through oral tradition, about the relationship between living beings and their environment. It includes a system of organisation, a set of empirical observations about the local environment, and a system of self-management that governs resource use. Most IKS are oral-based and often revealed through stories and legends. It is therefore, difficult to transmit ideas and concepts to those who do not share the language, tradition and cultural experience. Hence when a language is threatened or diminished in importance, there is a direct impact on the ability to express knowledge acquired through generations of experience.
AfricaSpeaks.com - Map Of Africa And Resource Links The origins of African Country Names or what they mean. The word zimbabwe isderived from the shona language, and means houses of stone. http://www.africaspeaks.com/maps/
Extractions: IMBIZO SERIES: 7 17 SEPTEMBER, 1999 ETHNIC CLEANSING AGAINST THE NDEBELE PEOPLE OF MATEBELELAND AND MIDLANDS 1980-1999 1. According to the United Nations Ethnic Cleansing report, ethnic cleansing is defined as "rendering an area ethnically homogeneous by using force or intimidation to remove from a given area persons from another ethnic or religious group". Therefore, alongside the genocide committed against the Ndebele people, Robert Gabriel Mugabe's regime has simultaneously been implementing a complete programme of ethnic cleansing aimed at ensuring Shona hegemony in areas of education, employment, economic development, culture and various others. These areas of great concern are addressed in turn. 2. With regard to education, the regime of Robert Gabriel Mugabe has for the last 18 years been systematically implementing an exclusive education policy aimed at benefitting the Shona people, at the expense of the Ndebele people. This strategy has been effected along the following lines:
Celebrating South Africa's Rich Heritage : Mail & Guardian Online Saturday, August 13, 2005 506 AM, africa s first online newspaper. such arich heritage could be linked to the indigenous people of Southern africa. http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?articleid=245758&area=/the_teacher/teacher_
Celebrating South Africa's Rich Heritage : Mail & Guardian Online Friday, August 05, 2005 1005 AM, africa s first online newspaper. such arich heritage could be linked to the indigenous people of Southern africa. http://www.mg.co.za/articlePage.aspx?area=/the_teacher/teacher_features/&article
Extractions: But it was easily the most massive. No structure as large as it has ever been built south of the Sahara by indigenous people. On a continent that has always been hobbled by disease, the lack of good ports and navigable rivers, and a scarcity of domesticable plants and animals, it is the closest thing to a Chichen Itza, ancient Rome or Great Wall that sub-Saharan Africa has. http://www.theculturedtraveler.com/Heritage/Archives/Zimbabwe.htm militant 06-28-2005, 08:11 PM And we spend most of our time fighting over who the Egyptians were. Would love to see how they will spin this history. panafrica 06-28-2005, 09:34 PM And we spend most of our time fighting over who the Egyptians were. Would love to see how they will spin this history.
SIM Country Profile: Zimbabwe Meanwhile, mass migrations of indigenous peoples took place. African PeopleGroups ? Asian People Groups ? South American People Groups ? http://www.sim.org/country.asp?cid=52&fun=1
Welcome To South Africa Discover / People Culture / SOUTH AFRICAN CULTURAL TOURISM AN A to Z GUIDE indigenous PEOPLE The world s biggest outdoor art exhibition lies deep in http://www.southafrica.net/index.cfm?sitepageID=13563
Ethnicity And Race By Countries Liberia, indigenous African tribes 95% (including Kpelle, Bassa, Gio, Kru, Grebo,Mano, Krahn, Zimbabwe, African 98% (shona 82%, Ndebele 14%, other 2%), http://www.infoplease.com/ipa/A0855617.html
Extractions: World Countries Afghanistan Pashtun 42%, Tajik 27%, Hazara 9%, Uzbek 9%, minor ethnic groups (Chahar Aimaks, Turkmen, Baloch, and others) Albania Albanian 95%, Greeks 3%, other 2%: Vlachs, Gypsies, Serbs, and Bulgarians (1989 est.) Algeria Arab-Berber 99%, European less than 1% Andorra Spanish 43%, Andorran 33%, Portuguese 11%, French 7%, other 6% (1998) Angola Ovimbundu 37%, Kimbundu 25%, Bakongo 13%, mestico (mixed European and Native African) 2%, European 1%, other 22% Antigua and Barbuda black, British, Portuguese, Lebanese, Syrian Argentina white (mostly Spanish and Italian) 97%; mestizo, Amerindian, other 3%
Extractions: Save a personal copy of this article and quickly find it again with Furl.net. It's free! Save it. Catherine Higgs, Barbara A. Moss, and Earline Rae Ferguson, eds. Stepping Forward: Black Women in Africa and the America*. Athens: Ohio University Press, 2002. xxiii + 36 16 6 pp. Maps. Tables. Index. $55.00. Cloth. $26.95. Paper. Based on presentations at a 9 1999 conference at the University of Tennessee, the contributions to this multidisciplinary collection of essays make Stepping Forward a far better book than its vague title suggests. The editors explain that their approach was to explore comparisons between women in Africa and women of African descent in the diaspora. The result is a series of paired articles, each pair consisting of an African example drawn from a settler territory and a counterpart centered on the U.S. or the Caribbean. The African examples include one article each from Liberia, Sierra Leone, and Zimbabwe, and three each from Kenya and South Africa. Most are by historians, with the remainder drawn from the disciplines of literature, the arts, law, and the social sciences; the contributors include young scholars as well as senior academics.
Zimbabwe 13th century shona people settled Mashonaland (eastern Zimbabwe), erecting stone while indigenous African population stood at around 6 million. http://www.tiscali.co.uk/reference/encyclopaedia/countryfacts/zimbabwe.html
Extractions: GENERAL INFORMATION National name Republic of Zimbabwe Area 390,300 sq km/150,694 sq mi Capital Harare Major towns/cities Bulawayo, Gweru, Kwe Kwe, Mutare, Kadoma, Chitungwiza Physical features high plateau with central high veld and mountains in east; rivers Zambezi, Limpopo; Victoria Falls back to top GOVERNMENT Head of state and government Robert Mugabe from 1987 Political system nationalistic socialist Political executive unlimited presidency Administrative divisions eight provinces and two cities with provincial status Political parties Zimbabwe African National UnionPatriotic Front (ZANUPF), African socialist; opposition parties exist but none have mounted serious challenge to ruling party Armed forces 36,000; plus paramilitary forces of 21,800 (2002 est)
Globalinfo.org - Social Issues ZIMBABWE SOUTH AFRICAN CHURCHES SENDING AID TO THE DISPLACED JOHANNESBURG, Aug . indigenous peoples NEW UNIVERSITIES FOR A MULTICULTURAL MEXICO http://globalinfo.org/eng/topictoday.asp?TopicId=22
SDNHM Shona: About The People The shona and their ancestors have lived and died on the land of Southeastern They are Zimbabwe s largest indigenous group. Primarily peaceful farmers http://www.sdnhm.org/exhibits/shona/people.html
Extractions: About the Shona The Shona and their ancestors have lived and died on the land of Southeastern Africa for more than 1000 years. They are Zimbabwe's largest indigenous group. Primarily peaceful farmers, they have struggled with political oppression, armed invaders, disease and drought. In order to cope with these challenges the Shona developed intricate social customs and beliefs that supported their desire to live together and thrive. While farming their land, individuals would on occasion find and save pieces of serpentine stone that they would later carve into intricate shapes and designs. The Shona believe that everything on earth contains a spirit, including the rock indigenous to their country. They believe that it is this spirit in the stone that speaks to the artist, who then listens, and works to set the spirit free. Edronce Rukodzi releases the joyful spirit of "My Good Family."
Extractions: note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2004 est.) Age structure: 0-14 years: 39.4% (male 2,520,082; female 2,472,641)
Didiza: National Assembly Debate On Zimbabwe question in Zimbabwe dates back to the subjugation of the shona and Ndebeleindigenous people of As South africa, we will do our part. I thank you. http://www.info.gov.za/speeches/2001/0102281245p1001.htm
Extractions: Honourable members Dr. M. Scott in his book, The Different Drum for guidance says, "Community is like marriage. It requires that we hang in there when the going gets a little rough". He goes on to say, "As members of a community become vulnerable and find themselves being valued and appreciated, the wall comes tumbling down, the love and acceptance escalates, the healing and converting begins." As a South African, this is a profound statement which epitomise how a number of us seated here in this house felt post 1990 and subsequently during the negotiation process and thereafter. The route we chose as this country was captured in the phrase I made in my introduction. All of us decided to hang in there; for better or for worse, we were South Africans. We put in place processes that sought to deal with our past in a manner that ensured protecting and defending the rights of all, while we attend to issues of social justice. This is a choice we made.
Pitiki Ntuli indigenous people, in the context of South africa, are those people or societiesidentified by selfascription and ascription by others, http://www.apexart.org/conference/Ntuli.htm
Extractions: by Pitiki Ntuli If I do not speak as an African, Act as an African; define the parameters around which I can speak I would be confessing to the sin of colluding with those who seek to gain hegemony over my soul. If I speak only as an African without acknowledging my other selves then I am condemning myself to the ghetto of thought from which I may not re-emerge. So I choose to speak not as the indigenous But as the endogenous African. Colonial discourse teaches us that we, Africans, were discovered in a state of ignorance and barbarism. Europe set out on a mission to civilise us. To this end, mission stations equipped with priests and nuns were established; together with them were colonial administrators. Colonialism became a project of invention. (Mudimbe). We were invented; that is, positioned, packaged, framed and fixed. The image we carried was not a complimentary one. Successive struggles for liberation were launched and in the 50's and 60's Africa attained its independence, with few exceptions and South Africa being one of them. The petty-bourgeoisie leaders of the new Africa inherited the colonial state and continued to rule without transforming it. Attempts at indigenisation of the state or its education systems were half hearted and consequently failed. The only evidence of indigenous practices was only in song, dress and dance. The content of the state and its educational institutions remained colonial. Cold War politics further prostituted the African state.
An A-Z Of African Studies On The Internet Nr3 indigenous publishing in africa An overview of accelerated training and research, PUDEMO (People s United Democratic Movement) of Swaziland Includes http://www.lib.msu.edu/limb/a-z/az_nr3.html
Extractions: The Use of Trees, Birds and Animal Behavior as Measures of Environmental Change by the Shona People of Zimbabwe document 14 de 19 Claude G. Mararike In sociological and anthropological literature, we find extensive discussions on the cosmologies of different people, notably the way these people understand the world of their experiences. People have tried to put the world around them in some kind of order: a system to assist them in making decisions on the best way to plan their survival strategies (Beach 1980; Anderson 1988; Connerton 1989). This article discusses how certain types of trees, birds and some patterns of animal behavior have, for many years, been used by the Shona people of Zimbabwe as measures or signals of changes in the quality of their environment. To the Shona, the term "environment" ( nzvimbo yatigere mairi ) encompasses all things through which human life may be sustained. These may be economic, social, religious, and ecological aspects of life.
The Mongongo Nut, Ricinodendron Rautanenii indigenous people have been reported as eating around 100300 fruit a day in Muller, Hans 1988 A trip to africa a personal report on african fruit and http://www.naturalhub.com/natural_food_guide_nuts_uncommon_Ricinodendron_rautane
Extractions: Ricinodendron rautaneii is a large (up to 15 metres) straight trunked tree, with a broad spreading crown with dark green compound leaves of 5 to 7 ovate to elliptical leaflets at the end of a stalk up to 15cm (6 inches) long, not unlike those of Casimiroa edulis dried flesh of each manketti fruit. The big value is in the seed. The skin takes up 10% of the fruit by volume, the flesh 20%. The remaining 70% is the nut-like seed, including the wide hard shell around it. The 'shell' (endocarp) around the 'kernel' is very thick indeed, and although porous, it is very hard and tough. So hard that even elephants, which love the sweet fruit, can't crack them. "A forester in Rhodesia [Zimbabwe] set this author some Manketti nuts and on the package under the scientific name Ricinodendron , he had written "recovered from elephant dung". This startled me. The nuts are like oversized pecans which have had smallpox and were covered with pockmarks. I wrote the forester to ask why the special inscription, and he replied that there are three reasons: (1) The elephants eat the fruits greedily and it is much easier to let the elephants do the job of picking; (2) The seed will not germinate until it has spent a week inside the elephant, and (3) The elephant enjoys the fruit but his digestive mechanism does not affect the extremely hard shell and the nut inside. The natives of Rhodesia, therefore, follow the elephant, recover the hardshelled nuts where they have been dropped, clean and dry them, then crack the extremely hard shell, and find the contents perfectly delicious."
